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    172 research outputs found

    Informatička i informacijska pismenost studenata Sveučilišta Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku

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    Predmet istraživanja ovog diplomskog rada je informatička i informacijska pismenosti studenata Sveučilišta Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. U radu je, osim toga, istraženo i njihovo korištenje interneta. U uvodnom dijelu je objašnjeno zašto su informatička i informacijska pismenost važne te su one i definirane. Zatim su ukratko prezentirani najvažniji rezultati prethodnih istraživanja. Empirijski dio rada temelji se na analizi podataka prikupljenih anketiranjem studenata Sveučilišta Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. Prema rezultatima, osječki studenti su uglavnom dosta pozitivno ocijenili svoju opću informatičku pismenost, a bitno slabije znanja i vještine u korištenju naprednih računalnih aplikacija. Anketirani studenti većinom su vrlo pozitivno ocijenili i vlastitu informacijsku pismenost, no ne sve njezine aspekte. U okviru analize također su istražene razlike između studenata s obzirom na spol, status i godinu studija te je ispitana njihova učestalost korištenja interneta u određene svrhe.The subject of this master thesis is computer and information literacy among students of Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek. In addition, the paper explores their use of the internet. The introductory part explains why computer and information literacy are important and also provides their definition. The most important results of the previous research are briefly presented in the next chapter. The empirical part of the work is based on an analysis of the data collected by surveying students of Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek. According to the results, the students have evaluated their general computer literacy mostly positively, whereas substantially less knowledge and skills in the use of advanced computing applications have been proven. Surveyed students mostly assessed their information literacy very positively, but not all of its aspects. The analysis also explored the differences between students regarding gender, status and year of study, and the purpose of internet use by students

    Croatian online academic databases

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    U ovom su završnom radu predstavljene hrvatske online akademske baze podataka. U početnom dijelu rada u kratkim su crtama objašnjeni pojmovi baze podataka, njihove temeljne sastavnice i svrha, a zatim je izvršena podjela baza podataka. Nakon toga, opisane su hrvatske online akademske baze podataka Hrčak, Dabar i Hrvatska znanstvena bibliografija (CROSBI). U radu su navedena temeljna obilježja svake od analiziranih baza podataka, kao i njihova namjena i utjecaj na znanstvenu zajednicu.Croatian academic online databases are presented in this thesis. In the beginning of the thesis, concepts of databases are explained, as well as core components of databases, their purpose, and the division of databases. Throughout the thesis, Croatian academic online databases are described and those are: Hrčak, Dabar and CROSBI. Fundamental components of each database are introduced, as well as their area of application and their impact on the scientific community

    Women in science

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    Ovaj završni rad započet ćemo prvom međunarodnom konferencijom na temu Žene u fizici. Dalje ćemo, kroz grafičke prikaze rezultata istraživanja Američkog fizikalnog društva o broju znanstvenica na području fizike, uočiti suštinu problema opisanog u ovom radu. Zatim prolazimo kroz popis svjetskih fizičarki, koji zaključujemo kratkom biografijom o Hypatiji - prvoj fizičarki u povijesti. Nakon toga upoznajemo se i sa fizičarkama u Hrvatskoj te doznajemo nešto više o Dijani Dominis Prester i Vernesi Smolčić. Rad zaključujemo tekstom koji ukazuje na važnost teme.We will start this Bachelor thesis with the First International Conference on Women in physics. Then, through American Physical Society's graphical representations on the number of women scientists in the field of physics, we will see the aim of the problem described in this thesis. After that, we will go through the list of women physicists in the world, concluding with a short biography of Hypatia - first female physicist in the history. Then, we will introduce women in physics in Croatia, with emphasis on Dijana Dominis Prester and Vernesa Smolčić. We will end this thesis with a text about the importance of the topic

    Estimation of the annual effective dose in a residentialn building in Donji Miholjac

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    U teorijskom dijelu diplomskog rada navedene su, opisane i objašnjene vrste radioaktivnog raspada. Opisane su dozimetrijske veličine, kao i utjecaj ionizirajućeg zračenja na ljudsko tijelo. Navedene su fizikalne i kemijske karakteristike radona i njegovih kratkoživućih potomaka. Također je opisan način prijenosa radona iz tla u zrak. Nadalje, objašnjeni su razlozi istraživanja radona i njegovog opasnog djelovanja na zdravlje čovjeka. U radu su korištene dvije metode mjerenja: SSNTD detektorima i TL dozimetrima. SSNTD detektorima je mjerena koncentracija radona u zraku kroz određeni vremenski period dok je TL okolišnim dozimetrima mjereno ukupno zračenje u periodu od godinu dana. U eksperimentalnom dijelu rada opisani su uređaji i metode pomoću kojih su izvršena mjerenja koncentracije radona u zraku, te su izneseni rezultati mjerenja. Izračunata je godišnja efektivna doza zračenja za osobe koje žive u promatranom stambenom objektu. Na kraju diplomskog rada iznesen je zaključak vezan za metodologiju provedenog istraživanja, dobivene rezultate mjerenja te njihovu korektnost.The types of radioactive decay are listed, described and explained in the theoretical part of the thesis. Dosimetric quantities are described as well as the effect of ionizing radiation on the human body. The physical and chemical characteristics of radon and its short-lived offspring are listed. A method for transferring radon from the ground to the air is also described. Furthermore, the reasons for the study of radon and its hazardous effects on human health are explained. Two methods of measurement were used in the paper: SSNTD detectors and TL dosimeters. SSNTD detectors measured radon concentration in the air over a period of time, while TL dosimeters measured total radiation over a period of one year. The experimental part of the paper describes the devices and methods used to measure radon concentration in the air and presents the results of the measurements. The annual effective radiation dose for persons living in the monitored dwelling was calculated. At the end of the thesis, a conclusion is made regarding the methodology of the conducted research, obtained measurement results and their correctness

    Stable and unstable rotation of the rigid body: Dzhanibek effect

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    Gibanje krutog tijela u trodimenzijskom prostoru sastoji se od translacije određene točke (najčešće je to središte mase) i vrtnje oko osi koja prolazi tom točkom. Kako bi se pobliže moglo proučavati stabilne i nestabilne osi vrtnje, potrebno je generalno poznavati vrtnju tijela, moment tromosti krutog tijela, te se upoznati sa Eulerovim jednadžbama. Iako je teorijska podloga postavljena čak stoljeće prije toga, fizičku manifestaciju nestabilnosti osi vrtnje primijetio je Vladimir Aleksandrovič Džanibekov 1985. u svemirskoj postaji, te je taj učinak i dobio ime prema ruskom astronautu koji ga je prvi prepoznao. Pomoću Eulerovih jednadžba kao analitičko rješenje, te Poinsotove konstrukcije koja predstavlja geometrijsko pojašnjenje, pokazat ćemo fiziku iza ovog fenomena.Motion of a rigid body in a three-dimensional space consists of translation of a certain point of a body (in most cases center of mass), and rotation around an axis through that point. To closely observe stable and unstable rotation, one must first have general knowledge on rigid body rotation, moment of inertia, and Euler’s equations. Even though Euler set the foundation for rigid body dynamics, physical manifestation of the unstable rotation axis hasn’t been known until 1985, when Russian astronaut Vladimir Aleksandrovich Dzhanibekov noticed the effect, and so the effect was named after him. With the help of Eulers equations as analitic solution, and Poinsots construction as geometrical solution, we will show the physics behind this phenomenon

    Mosses as a bioindicator of radioactive contamination in nature park Kopački Rit

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    U ovom radu prikazani su rezultati mjerenja i analize koncentracije aktivnosti sljedećih radionuklida: 40K,7Be,137Cs,232Th,226Ra^{40}\textrm{K} , ^{7}\textrm{Be}, ^{137}\textrm{Cs}, ^{232}\textrm{Th}, ^{226}\textrm{Ra}, i 210Pb^{210}\textrm{Pb} u Parku prirode Kopački rit. U Parku su prikupljani uzorci mahovine jer su one dobri bioindikatori radioaktivnosti. Uzorci su prikupljani u poplavnim područjima Dunava i Drave, ali i izvan njih. Lokacije na kojima su uzorci skupljani razlikovale su se i po dostupnosti izletnicima. Uzorci su analizirani gamaspektrometrijskom metodom koja je navedena i opisana u ovom radu.In this thesis the measurement and analysis results of specific activities of the following radionuclides 40K,7Be,137Cs,232Th,226Ra^{40}\textrm{K} , ^{7}\textrm{Be}, ^{137}\textrm{Cs}, ^{232}\textrm{Th}, ^{226}\textrm{Ra}, and 210Pb^{210}\textrm{Pb} are presented: in the nature park Kopački rit. In the park samples of moss were collected, which is a good bioindicator of radioactivity. Samples were collected across areas flooded by Danube and Drava rivers, as well as outside. Sampling locations are publicly accessible and inaccessible. The samples were analysed using gamma spectrometry which is introduced and described in the thesis

    NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE

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    Nuklearna magnetska rezonancija kao spektroskopska, istraživačka i dijagnostička metoda koja proučava strukturu uzorka svojim otkrićem je unaprijedila znanost. Svoju primjenu je pronašla u više disciplina kao što su fizika, kemija i medicina. Kao dijagnostička metoda u medicini najviše je pridonijela u usavršavanju dijagnosticiranja različitih bolesti. Temelji se na međudjelovanju vanjskih magnetskih polja i magnetskih osobina elektrona i jezgara. Kroz diplomski rad objašnjene su osnovne pretkoncepcije u nuklearnoj magnetskoj rezonanciji, princip rada iste kao i perfuzijska i difuzijska slikovna metoda koje se smatraju naprednim metodama u neurologiji te su uvelike poboljšale kvalitetu dijagnoze i liječenja mozga.Nuclear magnetic resonance as a spectroscopic, research and diagnostic method that studies the structure of a sample has improved science with its discovery. It has found application in several disciplines such as physics, chemistry and medicine. As a diagnostic method in medicine, it has contributed mostly in improving the diagnosis of various diseases. It is based on the interaction of external magnetic fields and the magnetic properties of electrons and nuclei. In this thesis the basic misconceptions in nuclear magnetic resonance, the principle of operation as well as perfusion and diffusion imaging methods, which are considered advanced methods in neurology and have greatly improved the quality of diagnosis and treatment of the brain, have been explained

    Cryptography during the second World War

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    Predmet izučavanja ovog diplomskog rada je kriptografija za vrijeme Drugog svjetskog rata. Nakon uvoda je ukratko prikazan razvoj kriptografije u starom, srednjem i novom vijeku. Zatim su opisani kriptografski uređaji Enigma, SIGABA i Purple, koji su se koristili tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata, kao i kod plemena Navajo. Naposljetku je sažeto prezentiran razvoj kriptografije u suvremenom dobu. Cilj je rada bio upoznati se s ulogom i značajem ovog važnog područja, poglavito u Drugom svjetskom ratu, u kojem su kriptografija i kriptoanaliza u velikoj mjeri odredile njegov konačan ishod.The case study of this thesis is cryptography during the World War II. After the introduction, there is a short overview of the evolution of cryptography through the old, middle and the new ages. That is followed by the description of the encryption machines Enigma, SIGABA and Purple, all of which were used during the World War II, also as the code of Navajo tribe. Lastly, there is concise presentation of how cryptography has been developed in the modern times. The aim of this thesis was to explore the role and significance of this important area, especially during the World War II, in which cryptography and cryptanalysis, to a large degree, decided its outcome

    MAXWELL EQUATIONS AND COVARIANT FORMULATION OF CLASSICAL ELECTRODYNAMIC

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    U prvom dijelu ovoga rada opisani su osnovni zakoni klasične elektrodinamike pomoću četiri jednadžbe koje je formulirao James Clerk Maxwell. U njima su sadržana osnovna električna i magnetska svojstva materijala. U drugom dijelu rada matematički je prikazana kovarijantna formulacija klasične elektrodinamike u kojoj, preko Lorentzovih transformacija i kratkog tenzorskog računa, potvrđujemo ispravnost Maxwellovih jednadžbi u bilo kojem inercijalnom referentnom susThe first part of this thesis describes the basic laws of classical electrodynamics using four equations formulated by James Clerk Maxwell. They contain basic electrical and magnetic properties of the material. The second part of this thesis mathematically presents a covariant formulation of classical electrodynamics in which, through Lorentz transformations and a short tensor calculus, we confirm the validity of Maxwell’s equations in any inertial reference system

    Fusion - evaporation reactions in the 7Li+96Zr system

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    Studying nuclear structure and nuclear reactions and understanding the underlying phenomena causing these processes is essential for gaining knowledge of our Universe. Nuclear reactions and nuclear structure are firmly connected. Through adequate nuclear reaction one can study important properties of nuclei such as binding energies, decay branches, spins and parities. Fusionevaporation reactions play significant role in studying exotic neutron - rich nuclei. In this experiment the fusion-evaporation reaction 7Li+96Zr at 21 MeV was carried out. More than 90 γ - rays were observed, and 26 of them were associated with four isotopes presented in this work. The first section of this work deals with a basic understanding of nucleus and nuclear stability with some elementary concepts of radioactive decay, with the emphasis being put on γ - radiation. Interaction mechanisms and basic principles of radiation detectors are discussed in the second section of the thesis. Furthermore, experimental setup, observed γ - ray transitions and analysis of level schemes are presented in the last part of this work.Proučavanje atomske jezgre i nuklearnih reakcija te razumijevanje osnovnih pojava vezanih uz ove procese važan je način stjecanja znanja o svemiru. Informacije o jezgrama od interesa kao što su energije vezanja, grane raspada (decay branches), spinovi i pariteti mogu se dobiti proučavanjem odgovarajućih nuklearnih reakcija. Reakcije fuzije i evaporacije imaju značajnu ulogu u proučavanju egzotičnih jezgri bogatih neutronima. U ovom je eksperimentu proučavana fuzijsko-evaporacijska reakcija 7Li + 96Zr pri energiji od 21 MeV. Od opaženih 90 γ - zraka, njih 26 je pridruženo četirima izotopima prikazanim u ovom radu te su izražene njihove sheme raspada. Prvo poglavlje ovog rada bavi se razumijevanjem pojma jezge i njezine stabilnosti, uz elementarne koncepte radioaktivnog raspada s naglaskom na γ - raspad. Središnji dio rada čine mehanizmi interakcija i osnovni princip rada detektora. Eksperimentalni postav i postupak obrade podataka te opažene γ - zrake pridružene pojedinim izotopima objašnjene su u posljednjem dijelu rada

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