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HEAT ENGINES
No full textIdeja izrade diplomskog rada jest konstruirati edukacijski model hladnjaka na kojemu će studenti
moći proučavati princip rada rashladnog stroja te na taj način lakše razumjeti teorijski dio
termodinamike.
Diplomski rad sastoji se od dva dijela. U prvom dijelu rada opisani su termodinamički procesi i zakoni
na kojima se temelji rad rashladnih strojeva. Nakon toga opisan je i princip rada hladnjaka, nabrojani
su i opisani elementi koji su potrebni za rashladni proces.
Drugi dio je eksperimentalni. Opisan je postupak izrade modela hladnjaka. Nabrojane su faze i
postupci konstrukcije. Opisan je postupak baždarenja tlaka i temperature te postavljeni rezultati
jednog od mjerenja.The idea of making a diploma thesis is to construct an educational model of a refrigerator on which
students will be able to study the principle of operation of a refrigeration machine and thus more
easily understand the theoretical part of thermodynamics.
The thesis consists of two parts. The first part of the paper describes the thermodynamic processes
and laws on which the operation of refrigeration machines is based. After that, the principle of
operation of the refrigerator is described, the elements required for the cooling process are listed
and described.
The second part is experimental. The process of making a refrigerator model is described. The
phases and procedures of construction are listed. The procedure of pressure and temperature
calibration is described and the results of one of the measurements are set
MODERN MICROSCOPES
No full textMikroskop je instrument koji nudi mogućnost promatranja predmeta koji nisu vidljivi golim
okom, prikazujući njihovu uvećanu sliku. Počevši od povijesnog razvoja, preko prvog
modernog mikroskopa dolazi se do osnovnih značajki modernih mikroskopa. Dvije najvažnije
značajke su visoka rezolucija dobivene slike uzorka koja može iznositi 0,1 nm te povećanje do
čak 106 puta. Ovaj rad baziran je na opisu načina rada pet modernih mikroskopa: SEM, TEM,
STM, AFM i MFM. Među nabrojanima, prva dva su najznačajniji elektronski mikroskopi.
Način rada mikroskopa prikazan je tako da se promatraju sastavnice mikroskopa, nakon čega
je opisana uloga svake od njih. Također, obrađena su neka od svojstava materijala od kojih su
izgrađene pojedine sastavnice. Naposlijetku, moderni mikroskopi su vrlo osjetljivi na vanjske
podražaje pa pažnju valja usmjeriti na adekvatnu pripremu okoline i uzorka. Svaki mikroskop
zahtjeva specifičnu pripremu koja je opisana u ovom radu.A microscope is a scientific instrument used to observe objects invisible to naked eye by
magnifying objects surface. Starting from the historical development and the first modern
microscope, the basic features of modern microscopes come to light. Two important features
are high-definition resolution of object`s image which can be as small as 0.1 nm and magnified
up to 106
times. This bachelor thesis is based on describing the principle of five modern
microscopes: SEM, TEM, STM, AFM and MFM. Among the listed microscopes, first two are
the most significant electron microscopes. Principle of the microscope is performed by
observing the components and describing their purpose. Furthermore, there are described
material properties of some components. Modern microscopes are delicate to outside stimuli
so adequate environment and sample preparation is necessary. Each microscope requires
specific preparation described in this bachelor thesi
DETERMINATION OF THE MOMENT OF INERTIA USING ROTATION
No full textKroz primjere i teorijsku podlogu upoznajemo se s pojmom momenta tromosti te ih dokazujemo
matematičkim izvodima. Također uspoređujemo teorijske vrijednosti dobivene uvrštavanjem u
ranije dobivene formule s onima dobivenim eksperimentalnim putem.Through examples and theoretical background, we get acquainted with the concept of the moment
of inertia and prove them with mathematical derivations. We also compare the theoretical values
obtained by including them in the previously obtained formulas with those obtained
experimentally
THERMAL SOLAR POWER PLANTS
No full textOvaj rad o termalnim solarnim elektranama započinjemo s kratkim objašnjavanjem sunčeve
svjetlosti i insolacije. Nakon upoznavanja s tim pojmovima upoznajemo se sa sunčevom energijom i
solarnim sustavima. U glavnom dijelu rada opisane su različite vrste termalnih solarnih elektrana. U
završnom dijelu rada navedene su glavne prednosti i mane solarne energije kao i utjecaj solarnih
elektrana na okoliš.We begin this paper on thermal solar power plants by briefly explaining sunlight and insolation.
After getting acquainted with these concepts, we get acquainted with solar energy and solar
systems. Then comes the main part of the work and these are thermal solar power plants where
different types of the same are described. Finally come the advantages and disadvantages of solar
energy as well as the impact of solar power plants on the environment
STUDENTS´ ATTITUDES FROM OSIJEK REGION FOR PHYSICAL PROBLEM SOLVING
No full textStavovi studenata i učenika o fizici i učenju fizike kao i pristup rješavanju fizikalnih
problema istražuju se različitim anketama od kojih su najpoznatije CLASS (engl. Colorado
Learning Attitudes about Science Survey) i AAPS (engl. Attitudes and Approaches to Problem
Solving). Publicirani rezultati pokazuju da se stavovi studenata, osobito u prvim godinama
studija, značajnije razlikuju od stavova stručnjaka. U osječkoj regiji, AAPS anketom su ispitani
učenici srednjih škola (343 učenika) kao i studenti tehničkih fakulteta i Odjela za fiziku
Sveučilišta u Osijeku (541 student). Dobiveni podaci statistički su analizirani s obzirom na spol i
program srednjoškolskog obrazovanja učenika i studenata. Pored toga, izjave u anketi
raspodijeljene su u tri kategorije: Primjena konceptualnoga razumijevanja; Strategije rješavanja
zadataka; Individualni pristup i odnos pri rješavanju zadataka (motivacija, upornost,
samopouzdanje). Dobiveni stavovi ispitanika analizirani su unutar svake od predloženih
kategorija. Rezultati statističke analize ne pokazuju značajnu razliku u stavovima učenika i
studenata s obzirom na spol, dok razlika postoji kada se analiziraju stavovi prema vrsti
srednjoškolskog obrazovanja kao i unutar pojedine kategorije. Prokomentirani su razlozi koji
utječu na dobivene rezultate te predložena neka od mogućih rješenja.Attitudes of students about physics and physics learning as well as approach to
solving physical problems are explored by various surveys, most notably the CLASS (Learning
Discipline on Scientific Research) and AAPS (Attitudes and Problem Solving Approaches). The
published results show that attitudes of students, especially in the first years of study, differ
significantly from attitudes of experts. In the Osijek region, high school students (343 students)
and students of the technical faculty and the Department of Physics of the University of Osijek
(541 students) surveyed the AAPS survey. The obtained data were statistically analyzed with
regard to gender and secondary education of high school students and technical faculty students.
In addition, the statements in the survey are divided into three categories: Applying Conceptual
Understanding; Task Solving Strategies; Individual approach and relationship in task solving
(motivation, persistence, self-confidence). The attitudes of respondents were analyzed within
each of the proposed categories. The results of statistical analysis do not show a significant
difference in the attitudes of students and students with regard to gender, whereas there is a
difference when analyzing attitudes by type of secondary education as well as within certain
categories. There are commented reasons that affect the obtained results and suggested some of
the possible solutions
WEB OF SCIENCE CORE COLLECTION
No full textOvaj završni rad bavi se bazom podataka Web of Science Core Collection. Na početku rada,
online akademske baze podataka su definirane i navedene su njihove vrste. Zatim je opisana
povijest i sadržaj platforme Web of Science. U nastavku je detaljnije prikazana baza podataka
Web of Science Core Collection. Također su navedeni podaci o zastupljenosti hrvatskih
časopisa u toj bazi. Osim toga, demonstrirano je i kako pretraživati online akademsku bazu
podataka Web of Science Core Collection.This thesis deals with the Web of Science Core Collection database. At the beginning of the
thesis, online academic databases are defined and their types are given. The history and
content of the Web of Science platform is then provided. In the next section, the Web of
Science Core Collection database is presented in more detail. The data on presence of
Croatian journals in this database are also reported. In addition, it is demonstrated how to
search the Web of Science Core Collection database
First discovery of gamma-ray bursts in high energy region
No full textRad opisuje provale gama-zračenja, kozmički fenomen koji se desetljećima nakon otkrića
smatrao najzagonetnijom pojavom u astrofizici. Uvodni dio rada daje povijesni pregled
istraživanja provala gama-zračenja. Glavni dio rada opisuje nedavno otkriće provale gamazračenja, događaj GRB 190114C, koji je prvi put opažen u području vrlo visokih energija
Čerenkovljevim teleskopima MAGIC smještenima na kanarskom otoku La Palma.This thesis describes gamma-radiation, the cosmic phenomenon that was considered the
greatest mystery in astrophysics decades after it was first discovered. Introductory part of this
thesis presents insight into the history of research of gamma-ray bursts. Main part of the thesis
describes recent discovery of gamma-ray burst, event named GRB 190114C, which was the
first GRB ever detected in very high energy region by MAGIC telescopes, on La Palma, one
of the Canary islands
ENERGY CONSIDERATIONS OF ATOM EUROPIUM ADSORPTION ON LATERAL HETEROSTRUCTURES OF GRAPHENE AND HEXAGONAL BORON NITRIDE
No full textOvo se istraživanje temelji na teoriji funkcionala gustoće, a područje koje smo proučavali
jesu 2D materijali. Grafen i heksagonalni borov nitrid, koji čine temelj za istraživanje, jesu 2D
materijali koji zajedno čine heterostrukturu na koju smo dodavali atom europija i nakon toga
određivali energiju adsorpcije. Istraživanje smo proveli u tri koraka. U prvom smo koraku odredili
maksimalnu energiju ravnih valova i broj k-točaka jer su nam ti parametri bili ključni za ostale
proračune. U drugom smo koraku odredili ovisnost energije adsorpcije o položaju iznad
nanotrakice na kojem se nalazi atom europija. U trećem koraku, odredili smo kako se mijenja
energija adsorpcije u ovisnosti o širini trakice i koncentraciji adsorbiranih atoma europija. Za sve
proračune koristili smo se računalnim softverom Quantum ESPRESSO. Rad je podijeljen u
nekoliko poglavlja u kojima ćemo raspraviti o nanomaterijalima, teoriji funkcionala gustoće,
korištenoj računalnoj podršci i dakako o detaljima proračuna na kojima se temelji zaključak rada.This research is based on density functional theory, and the studied area of research are 2D
materials. Graphene and hexagonal boron nitride, which form the basis of the research, are 2D
materials that together create the heterostructure to which we added a europium atom and then
determined the adsorption energy. The research was conducted through three steps. In the first
step, we defined the maximum energy of the plane waves and the number of k-points because
these parameters were crucial for our further calculations. In the second step, we determined the
relationship between the adsorption energy and the position above the nanoribbon at which the
europium atom takes place. In the third step, we resolved how the adsorption energy changes depen
on the width and the concentration of adsorbed europium atoms. We used Quantum ESPRESSO
computer software for all calculations. The paper is divided into several chapters in which we will
discuss nanomaterials, density functional theory, computer support used, as well as the calculation
details and the conclusion
LEARNING THEORIES IN THE CONTEXT OF E-LEARNING
No full textU ovom su završnom radu predstavljene teorije učenja (biheviorizam, kognitivizam,
konstruktivizam i konektivizam) te je istražen njihov odnos s e-učenjem. Učenje je psihološki
proces stvaranja novih znanja, vještina, navika i kompetencija. E-učenje može se definirati kao
učenje uz upotrebu informacijskih i komunikacijskih tehnologija. Bihevioristi su sredinom
dvadesetog stoljeća uveli u nastavu mehaničke i elektroničke naprave koje su učenicima davale
povratne informacije. Za vrijeme kognitivizma, učitelji su svoje učenike poticali na stvaranje
kognitivnih shema. Nastojalo se potaknuti učenike na stvaranje što boljih kognitivnih veza s
ciljem pohranjivanja informacija u trajnu memoriju. Kasnije se razvio konstruktivizam koji je
naglasak stavljao na komunikaciju i suradnju među učenicima. Poticalo se učenike da budu
kreatori svojeg znanja, svoje istine. Na konstruktivističkim principima razvijeni su sustavi za
upravljanje učenjem. Usko povezana s konstruktivizmom razvila se konektivistička teorija.
Konektivizam se temelji na Webu 2.0 koji korisnicima pruža velik broj mogućnosti. Princip
obrazovanja temeljen na Webu 2.0 nazivamo e-obrazovanje 2.0 koje naglasak stavlja na
primjenu Web 2.0 alata s ciljem unaprjeđenja obrazovnog procesa.This thesis will introduce learning theories (behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, and
connectivism) and how they relate to e-learning. Learning is a psychological process of creating
new knowledges, skills, habits, and competences. We can define e-learning as learning while
using information and communication technologies. Behaviourists introduced mechanical and
electronic machines in education in the mid-twentieth century, which provided students with
feedbacks. During cognitivism teachers encouraged their students to create cognitive schemas.
They made efforts to encourage students to create better cognitive connections with the purpose
of storing information in long-term memory. Afterwards, constructivism evolved, and it put an
emphasis on communication and collaboration amongst students. Students were encouraged to
be creators of their own knowledge, their own truth. Learning management systems were
created on constructivist principles. Connectivism theory was developed and is closely related
to constructivism. Connectivism is based on Web 2.0, which provides users with many features.
Education based on Web 2.0 is called e-Learning 2.0, which puts emphasis on Web 2.0 tools
with the purpose of learning process improvement
THE USE OF INTERACTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CLASSROOM
No full textCilj ovog diplomskog rada je prikazati primjenu interaktivnih tehnologija u nastavi. Rad je
koncipiran u tri dijela. U prvome dijelu objašnjen je pojam interaktivne tehnologije te je dan
povijesni i teorijski okvir primjene interaktivne tehnologije uz zakonska obilježja. Opisan je
obrazovni sustav u Republici Hrvatskoj i iznesena su polazišta za obrazovnu reformu. Drugi dio
rada obuhvaća detaljan prikaz načina rada interaktivne ploče uz korištenje programa WorkSpace.
Izrađena su dva e–scenarija poučavanja, jedan za 5. razred informatike i jedan za 3. razred fizike.
Posljednji, empirijski, dio ovoga rada obuhvaća analizu ankete provedene među nastavnicima
informatike u osnovnim školama. Analizom rezultata utvrđeno je kako nastavnici informatike koji
posjeduju interaktivnu ploču u učionici koriste mnoštvo njezinih mogućnosti.The aim of this master thesis is to present the application of interactive technologies in teaching.
The paper is composed of three parts. In the first part, the concept of interactive technology is
explained and a historical and theoretical frame of the application of such technology with legal
features is given. The education system in the Republic of Croatia is described and the starting
points for educational reform are presented. The second part of the paper includes a detailed
presentation of the mode of operation of the interactive whiteboard using the WorkSpace program.
Two e-teaching scenarios were developed, one for the 5th grade of informatics and one the 3rd
grade of physics. The last, empirical part of this paper includes the analysis of a survey conducted
among informatics teachers in primary schools. The results showed that teachers who have an
interactive whiteboard in the classroom use many of its features