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    LINGUISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ITALIAN NEOSTANDARD POLITICAL DISCOURSE: THE CASE OF MATTEO RENZI

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    L’italiano neostandard è una variante della lingua italiana standard in una forma meno formale, più semplice e in qualche modo colloquiale che spesso non è accettata o semplicemente viene ignorata dalle tradizionali grammatiche, sebbene sia già ben consolidata e accettata nella pratica, e si riferisce principalmente alla popolazione istruita che ha una buona conoscenza sia del vocabolario che delle strutture colloquiali e colte. La nuova variante della lingua mostra in quale direzione si svilupperà la lingua in futuro, e il futuro punta alla semplicità e all’accessibilità, al punto che anche argomenti professionali, come un’intervista politica a Matteo Renzi, potranno essere espressi funzionalmente in modo più semplice e al di fuori dello schema dello standard che consideriamo una lingua prestigiosa.Neostandardni talijanski jezik je varijacija talijanskog standardnog jezika u manje formalnoj, jednostavnijoj, donekle kolokvijalnoj formi koje dosadašnje tradicionalne gramatike često ne prihvaćaju ili jednostavno ignoriraju, iako je u praksi već dobro ukorijenjen i prihvaćen, pritom se misli primarno na obrazovano stanovništvo koje se dobro služi i kolokvijalnim i učenim leksikom i strukturama. Nova varijacija jezika pokazuje u kojem će se smjeru jezik razvijati u budućnosti, a budućnost teži jednostavnosti i dostupnosti, do te mjere da se i stručne teme, kao što je politički intervju Mattea Renzija mogu funkcionalno jednostavnije izraziti i van okvira standarda kojeg smatramo prestižnim jezikom

    LANGUAGE RIPETITION IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE

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    Il discorso politico ricorre spesso alla ripetizione linguistica come strumento per rafforzare i messaggi, costruire un’identità comunicativa e aumentare l’impatto retorico. Questo studio analizza i modelli di ripetizione nel discorso di due politiche italiane contemporanee – Giorgia Meloni ed Elly Schlein – sulla base delle classificazioni teoriche proposte da Bazzanella, Ponzi e De Roberto. Il corpus si fonda su interviste selezionate e gli esempi sono stati classificati in base alla funzione e al ruolo della ripetizione nel discorso politico. L’analisi mostra che Giorgia Meloni utilizza la ripetizione soprattutto per consolidare e affermare le proprie posizioni, mentre Elly Schlein si distingue per un uso più variegato, mirato alla coesione e alla strutturazione del discorso. Il lavoro offre uno sguardo sui modi in cui la ripetizione politica contribuisce alla chiarezza, alla credibilità e al ritmo del discorso, fornendo una panoramica delle diverse strategie impiegate nella comunicazione politica contemporanea.Political speech frequently employs linguistic repetition as a tool to emphasize messages, construct a communicative identity, and strengthen rhetorical impact. This study analyzes repetition patterns in the discourse of two contemporary Italian politicians – Giorgia Meloni and Elly Schlein – based on the theoretical classifications proposed by Bazzanella, Ponzi, and De Roberto. The corpus is built on selected interviews, and examples are categorized according to the function and role of repetition in the political discourse. The analysis shows that Giorgia Meloni mainly uses repetition to reinforce and affirm her positions, whereas Elly Schlein demonstrates a more varied use, emphasizing cohesion and structured speech. The study offers insight into how political repetition contributes to clarity, credibility, and the rhythm of speech, providing an overview of different strategies used in contemporary political communication

    MARICA, TONKA AND IVE - MALE AND FEMALE PERSONAL NAMES IN POP AND POPULAR CROATIAN MUSIC

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    Od prvih društvenih zajednica do današnjih dana, osobna su imena važan kako društveni tako i leksički, ali i kulturalni koncept. Primarno uvedena kako bi se članovi zajednice međusobno razlikovali postala su važan znak i obilježje pripadnosti i identiteta pojedinca. Veza između imena i pojedinca vrlo je snažna, u nekim kulturama smatrana je i sudbonosnom. Dokaz je tomu i latinska uzrečica Nomen est omen, koja je u hrvatskom jeziku poznatija pod izrazom Ime je znak, upotrebljavana kada se želi naglasiti usklađenost značenja imena s karakternim osobinama osobe koja ga nosi. Kada su, vremenom, društvene zajednice postale sve brojnije i imena nisu bila dovoljna oznaka razlikovanja, osobnim se imenima počinju dodavati nadimci, imena koja nisu službena, već nadjenuta od zajednice u kojoj pojedinac boravi. Ta su imena većinom inspirirana vrlinama i manama pojedinca, njegovim fizičkim obilježjima, mjestom iz kojeg dolazi ili poslom kojim se bavi. Osobni su nadimci prelazili u obiteljske nadimke te konačno u prezimena. U ovom će radu fokus biti na imenima i nadimcima spomenutim u pjesmama izvedenim na Splitskom festivalu u razdoblju od 1962. do 1992.From the first social communities to the present day, personal names are an important social and lexical concept, as well as a cultural concept. Primarily introduced in order to differentiate community members from each other, they have become an important sign and characteristic of individual belonging and identity. The connection between a name and an individual is very strong, in some cultures it is considered fateful. Proof of this is the Latin saying Nomen est omen, which in croatian is better known as the expression Ime je znak, used when one wants to emphasize the harmony of the meaning of the name and the character traits of the person who bears it. When, over time, social communities became more and more numerous and names were not a sufficient mark of distinction, nicknames began to be added to personal names, names that are not official, but given by the community in which the individual resides. These names are mostly inspired by the virtues and flaws of an individual, his physical characteristics, the place he comes from or the work he does. Personal nicknames became family nicknames and finally surnames. In this paper, the focus will be on the names and nicknames mentioned in the songs performed at the Split Festival in the period from 1962 to 1992

    Artistic projects based on the use of the industrial heritage of socialism and the question of social politicity of art

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    U fokusu disertacije nalaze se suvremene društveno angažirane umjetničke prakse hrvatske umjetnosti koje se bave temom deindustrijalizacije, vrlo složenim društvenim fenomenom s izrazito političkim predznakom, usko vezanim uz raspad socijalizma i pojam tranzicije 90-ih godina 20. st. Deindustrijalizacija se u Hrvatskoj odvila u specifičnom povijesnom trenutku, uokvirena ratnim i poslijeratnim društveno-političkim okolnostima, koje su, u konačnici, dovele do stigmatizacije socijalističkog nasljeđa, pa slijedom toga i industrijske baštine vezane uz razdoblje socijalizma. Stoga, kada govorimo o tom, recentnom industrijskom nasljeđu, mislimo i na, uglavnom neistraženu, nezapisanu recentnu radničku povijest. Po prirodi odabrane teme i umjetnički radovi koji se bave procesom i društvenim posljedicama deindustrijalizacije, izrazito su politični, zbog čega je teorijski okvir njihove interpretacije, generiran objašnjenjima suvremene društveno-angažirane umjetnosti (Bourriaud, Bishop) proširen konceptima iz područja filozofije politike, a kako bi se artikulirala osnova za složenije analize suodnosa umjetnosti, društva, estetike i politike. Pristupa im se oslanjanjem na filozofski diskurs Jacquesa Rancièrea, koji umjetnost i politiku prikazuje kao međusobno srodna područja, uz dodatna pojašnjenja Rancièreove terminologije od strane teoretičara Gabriela Rockhilla te fokusiranjem na Rockhillov koncept društvene političnosti umjetnosti. Njegova operabilnost ispituje na konkretnim primjerima umjetničkih realizacija inkorporiranim u muzeološko-istraživačke projekte – studije slučaja – vezane uz materijalnu i nematerijalnu baštinu industrijske proizvodnje i radničke povijesti u razdoblju socijalizma, u čijoj se interpretaciji isprepleću metode povijesti umjetnosti, industrijskih i baštinskih studija s filozofijom politike. Predmet disertacije je kompleksan suodnos umjetnosti, društva, estetike i politike, onakav kakvog nalazimo u korpusu umjetničkih realizacija na temu deindustrijalizacije, koji se razmatra u središnjem dijelu rada, kroz prikaz i objašnjenje muzeološko-istraživačkih projekata vezanih uz tvornice „Dalmatinka“ u Sinju, „Jugoplastiku“ u Splitu i „Željezaru Sisak“ u Sisku, kao eklatantne primjere deindustrijalizacije u lokalnom kontekstu. Koristeći se umjetničkim strategijama koje se pozivaju na baštinu povijesne avangarde, promatrane umjetničke prakse i konkretne umjetničke realizacije, nastale uz navedene muzeološko-istraživačke projekte, sagledavaju se iz perspektive aktiviranja kolektivnog sjećanja i afirmacije zaboravljenog industrijskog nasljeđa socijalizma, nadopunjene usporednom analizom uvjeta njihove produkcije, cirkulacije i recepcije kojima se ispituje društveno-politički potencijal takve vrste umjetnosti. Uz metodologiju povijesti umjetnosti, u disertaciji su obilato korištene i sociološke metode i instrumenti (etnografska metoda, polustrukturirani intervju, intervju), a s ciljem dobivanja, kako uvida u mišljenja umjetnika i kustosa, tako i u stavove i osjećaje radnika, ključnih aktera procesa deindustrijalizacije. Širenje analitičke i teorijske aparature olakšalo je preciznije određenje specifičnosti odabranog korpusa utemeljene u Rockhillov koncept društvene političnosti umjetnosti, na temelju kojeg se ovaj nadaje kao zaseban društvenokritički iskaz unutar kompleksa suvremene, angažirane umjetnosti.The dissertation focuses on contemporary socially engaged artistic practices of Croatian art that deal with the topic of deindustrialization, a very complex social phenomenon with an extremely political sign, closely related to the collapse of socialism and the concept of transition in the 1990s. Deindustrialization in Croatia took place at a specific historical moment, framed by war and post-war socio-political circumstances, which ultimately led to the stigmatization of the socialist heritage, and consequently the industrial heritage related to the period of socialism. Therefore, when we talk about this recent industrial heritage, we also mean the largely unexplored, unrecorded recent labor history. By nature, the selected topics and artworks dealing with the process and social consequences of deindustrialization are extremely political, which is why the theoretical framework of their interpretation, generated by the explanations of contemporary socially engaged art (Bourriaud, Bishop), was expanded with concepts from the field of political philosophy, and in order to the basis for more complex analyzes of the relationship between art, society, aesthetics and politics was articulated. They are approached by relying on the philosophical discourse of Jacques Rancière, which presents art and politics as mutually related fields, supplemented by additional clarifications of Rancière's terminology by theorist Gabriel Rockhill and by focusing on Rockhill's concept of the social politics of art. Its operability is tested on concrete examples of artistic realizations incorporated in museological research projects - case studies - related to the tangible and intangible heritage of industrial production and labor history in the period of socialism, in the interpretation of which the methods of art history, industrial and heritage studies are intertwined with political philosophy. Her subject is the complex relationship between art, society, aesthetics and politics, such as we find in the corpus of artistic realizations on the subject of deindustrialization, which is considered in the central part of the dissertation, through the presentation and explanation of museological and research projects related to the "Dalmatinka" factories in Sinj, "Jugoplastika" in Split and "Željezar Sisak" in Sisak, as glaring examples of deindustrialization in the local context. Using artistic strategies that refer to the heritage of the historical avant-garde, the observed artistic practices and concrete artistic realizations, created with the aforementioned museological-research projects, are viewed from the perspective of activating collective memory and affirming the forgotten industrial heritage of socialism, complemented by a comparative analysis of the conditions of their production, circulation and receptions that examine the socio-political potential of this type of art. In addition to the methodology of art history, sociological methods and instruments (ethnographic method, semi-structured interview, interview) were used extensively in the dissertation, with the aim of gaining insight into the opinions of artists and curators, as well as into the attitudes and feelings of workers, key actors of the deindustrialization process. The expansion of the analytical and theoretical apparatus facilitated a more precise determination of the specificity of the selected corpus based on Rockhill's concept of the social politics of art, on the basis of which it qualifies as a separate socio-critical statement within the complex of contemporary, engaged art

    HOUSE OF LEAVES AND JUNGIAN PSYCHOLOGY

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    This thesis explores a novel by Mark Z. Danielewski - House of Leaves through Jung’s Shadow archetype, Derridean deconstruction and digital mediation, demonstrating how the novel’s fragmented structure mirrors psychological disintegration. The Shadow is not just present in the characters but embedded within the shifting, unknowable house and the unstable narrative itself, challenging Jung’s notion of integration. This thesis also uncovers how Danielewski uses nonlinear storytelling, typographic distortions and unreliable narration to align with Derrida’s différance resisting fixed meaning and reinforcing the instability of identity. Additionally, the novel’s hypertext-like format reflects the nonlinear nature of the unconscious, drawing from insights in digital media theory. Ultimately, House of Leaves forces its readers, like its characters, to navigate a labyrinth of psychological and textual uncertainty, leaving the question of whether the Shadow can be confronted or if it will remain an ever-shifting presence.Ovaj rad istražuje roman House of Leaves Marka Z. Danielewskog kroz Jungov arhetip Sjene, Derridovu dekonstrukciju i digitalno posredovanje, kako bi pokazala kako fragmentirana struktura romana odražava psihološku dezintegraciju. Sjena nije samo prisutna u likovima, već je ugrađena u promjenjivu, nespoznatljivu kuću i samu nestabilnu naraciju, izazivajući Jungov pojam integracije. Ova teza također otkriva kako Danielewski koristi nelinearno pripovijedanje, tipografske distorzije i nepouzdanu naraciju kako bi se uskladio s Derridovim pojmom ‘différance’ koji se opire fiksnom značenju i jača nestabilnost identiteta. Osim toga, format romana nalik hipertekstu odražava nelinearnu prirodu podsvijesti, proizlazeći iz uvida u teoriju digitalnih medija. U konačnici, House of Leaves navodi svoje čitatelje, kao i njezine likove, da se kreću labirintom psihološke i tekstualne neizvjesnosti, ostavljajući pitanje može li se suočiti sa Sjenom ili će ostati stalno promjenjiva prisutnost

    PRIMJENA DIGITALNIH ALATA U RADU S DJECOM PREDŠKOLSKE DOBI

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    Predmet diplomskog rada jest analiza primjene digitalnih alata u radu s djecom rane i predškolske dobi, s posebnim naglaskom na navike korištenja ekrana, stavove roditelja i njihovu ulogu u regulaciji digitalnih sadržaja. Cilj rada bio je ispitati koliko i na koji način djeca predškolske dobi koriste digitalne uređaje, koje sadržaje najčešće konzumiraju, u kojoj mjeri roditelji nadziru i reguliraju korištenje ekrana te kako roditelji percipiraju utjecaj digitalne tehnologije na razvoj djece. U radu su analizirani pozitivni i negativni aspekti digitalne tehnologije na razvoj djece, s naglaskom na govorno-jezični, motorički, kognitivni i socio-emocionalni razvoj. Empirijski dio rada temelji se na anketnom istraživanju provedenom među 237 roditelja djece rane i predškolske dobi iz Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Istraživanje je provedeno online putem metodom anketiranja, a anketni upitnik korišten u istraživanju sadržavao pitanja o navikama djece, vrstama i svrsi korištenja digitalnih uređaja, roditeljskim strategijama i stavovima. Rezultati anketnog istraživanja pokazali su da 92,9 % djece provodi manje od dva sata dnevno pred ekranima, da 94,1 % koristi televizor te da zabavni sadržaji znatno prevladavaju nad edukativnima. Roditelji pretežno postavljaju vremenska ograničenja i prepoznaje rizike povezane s prekomjernom upotrebom ekrana, ali i dalje često koristi digitalne uređaje kao pomoć u svakodnevnim obavezama. Roditelji su pretežno skeptični prema pozitivnom utjecaju digitalne tehnologije na razvoj djece te izražavaju potrebu za dodatnom edukacijom. Rezultati upućuju na važnost edukacije i razvoja smjernica za sigurno i razvojno poticajno korištenje digitalnih alata u ranom djetinjstvu.The subject of this paper is the analysis of the application of digital tools in working with early and preschool children, with a special emphasis on screen usage habits, parents' attitudes and their role in regulating digital content. The aim of the paper was to examine how much and in what way preschool children use digital devices, what content they most often consume, to what extent parents monitor and regulate screen usage and how parents perceive the impact of digital technology on children's development. The paper analyses the positive and negative aspects of digital technology on children's development, with an emphasis on speech-language, motor, cognitive and socio-emotional development. The empirical part of the paper is based on a survey conducted among 237 parents of early and preschool children from the Split-Dalmatia County. The research was conducted online using the survey method, and the survey questionnaire used in the research contained questions about children's habits, types and purposes of using digital devices, parental strategies and attitudes. The results of the survey showed that 92.9 % of children spend less than two hours a day in front of screens, that 94.1 % use the television, and that entertainment content significantly predominates over educational content. Most parents set time limits and recognize the risks associated with excessive screen use, but still often use digital devices to help with everyday tasks. Parents are mostly skeptical about the positive impact of digital technology on children's development and express the need for additional education. The results indicate the importance of education and the development of guidelines for the safe and developmentally stimulating use of digital tools in early childhood

    KONTRAST KVALITETE U DJEČJEM LIKOVNOM IZRIČAJU

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    Cilj ovog rada je utvrditi sposobnost prepoznavanja i primjene kontrasta kvalitete kod djece rane i predškolske dobi u dječjem likovnom izričaju. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 52 djece u dobi od četiri do sedam godina, a provelo se u dječjim vrtićima “Bosiljak“ i „Veseli patuljci“. Prikupljanje dječjih likovnih uradaka trajalo je od veljače do svibnja 2025. godine. Prikupljeni radovi su analizirani i raspoređeni u tri kategorije: radovi s nedovoljno razvijenim osjećajem za kontrast kvalitete, radovi s djelomično razvijenim osjećajem za kontrast kvalitete te radovi s razvijenim osjećajem za kontrast kvalitete. Prikupljeni rezultati pokazali su kako većina djece posjeduje djelomično razvijen osjećaj za kontrast kvalitete, čime su postavljene hipoteze djelomično potvrđene. U budućim istraživanjima ove teme trebalo bi uključiti veći broj ispitanika pa bi i rezultati u tom slučaju bili validniji.The aim of this paper is to determine the ability to recognize and apply quality contrast in the visual expression of early and preschool-aged children. The research was conducted on a sample of 52 children aged between four and seven years and took place in the kindergartens “Bosiljak” and “Veseli patuljci.” The collection of children's artworks lasted from February to May 2025. The collected works were analyzed and categorized into three groups: works with an insufficiently developed sense of quality contrast, works with a partially developed sense of quality contrast, and works with a clearly developed sense of quality contrast. The results showed that the majority of children possess a partially developed sense of quality contrast, which partially confirmed the set hypotheses. Future research on this topic should include a larger number of participants to ensure more valid results

    RELIGIJA I POLITIKA: ISTRAŽIVANJE POLITIČKIH UČINAKA NA FORMIRANJE RELIGIJSKIH IDENTITETA

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    Ovaj diplomski rad istražuje kompleksan odnos između religije i politike, s naglaskom na način kako politički procesi, diskursi i ideologije oblikuju religijske identitete pojedinaca i zajednica. Teorijski dio rada oslanja se na četiri ključne perspektive: konstruktivizam, kritičku teoriju, sekularnu i funkcionalističku teoriju. Konstruktivizam naglašava da su religija i politika društveno konstruirani fenomeni; kritička teorija istražuje njihove uloge u očuvanju ili podrivanju moći i hegemonije; sekularna teorija bavi se razdvajanjem religije i politike, ali ukazuje na probleme selektivnog sekularizma; dok funkcionalizam religiju promatra kao mehanizam društvene integracije. Empirijski dio temelji se na kvalitativnom istraživanju s devet sudionika različitih dobnih skupina, svjetonazora i religijskih/pripadnosti. Korištena je interpretativna fenomenološka analiza (IPA) kako bi se dublje istražilo osobno iskustvo ispitanika u pogledu odnosa između njihove religijske pripadnosti i političkog djelovanja. Analiza pokazuje kako religijski identitet nije statičan, već se oblikuje kroz interakciju s društvenim strukturama, političkim narativima i osobnim iskustvima. Također je uočeno da religija može funkcionirati i kao alat političke manipulacije i kao sredstvo otpora, ovisno o kontekstu. Zaključno, rad naglašava važnost kritičkog promišljanja religije i politike u suvremenom društvu. U vremenu globalnih identitetskih kriza, religija ostaje značajan faktor, ne samo kao privatno uvjerenje, već i kao politička i društvena sila koja oblikuje kolektivnu pripadnost, vrijednosti i društvenu dinamiku.This thesis explores the complex relationship between religion and politics, with an emphasis on how political processes, discourses and ideologies shape the religious identities of individuals and communities. The theoretical part of the work relies on four key perspectives: constructivism, critical theory, secular and functionalist theory. Constructivism emphasizes that religion and politics are socially constructed phenomena; critical theory explores their roles in preserving or undermining power and hegemony; secular theory deals with the separation of religion and politics, but points to the problems of selective secularism; while functionalism views religion as a mechanism of social integration. The empirical part is based on qualitative research with nine participants of different age groups, worldviews and religious affiliations. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to explore more deeply the personal experience of the respondents regarding the relationship between their religious affiliation and political activity. The analysis shows that religious identity is not static, but is shaped through interaction with social structures, political narratives and personal experiences. Individuals express a sense of pressure, ambiguity and sometimes contradiction in reconciling their religious beliefs with political positions. It has also been noted that religion can function both as a tool of political manipulation and as a means of resistance, depending on the context. In conclusion, the paper highlights the importance of critical reflection on religion and politics in contemporary society. In times of global identity crises, religion remains a significant factor, not only as a private belief, but also as a political and social force that shapes collective belonging, values and social dynamics

    SLEEP QUALITY AND ACADEMIC SELF-EFFICACY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

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    This study explores the relationship between sleep quality and academic self-efficacy in university students. Using a cross-sectional design and validated self-report measures, the research examined how indicators of sleep—such as subjective sleep quality and daytime sleepiness—relate to students’ confidence in their academic abilities. Findings revealed that poorer perceived sleep quality was significantly associated with both increased daytime sleepiness and lower academic self-efficacy. These results suggest that how students evaluate their own sleep may meaningfully influence their cognitive and motivational functioning. The study highlights the importance of sleep as a potentially modifiable factor in supporting students’ academic confidence and well-being, and encourages further research into subjective sleep experiences and their role in academic performance

    INVITO ALLA LETTURA DELLA TETRALOGIA L'AMICA GENIALE DI ELENA FERRANTE

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    La tetralogia L’amica geniale di Elena Ferrante si afferma come una delle opere più significative della letteratura italiana contemporanea per la sua capacità di restituire, con profondità e rigore narrativo, la complessità delle relazioni femminili e del processo di formazione dell’identità. Il cuore dell’opera è rappresentato dall’amicizia tra Elena e Lila, un legame che attraversa l’intera esistenza, dalla prima infanzia fino alla maturità, mantenendo nel tempo una forza trasformativa e ambivalente. Ferrante mette al centro della narrazione un’amicizia femminile che sfida le convenzioni letterarie e culturali. Non si tratta di un rapporto idilliaco, ma di una relazione dinamica, fatta di dipendenza e distacco, ammirazione e rivalità, complicità e silenzi. In questo spazio affettivo instabile, ma profondo, l’identità di entrambe le protagoniste si costruisce attraverso il confronto reciproco: ciascuna si riconosce, si definisce e, talvolta, si smarrisce nel rapporto con l’altra. L’opera invita a ripensare il ruolo dell’amicizia nel percorso di crescita personale. In un contesto sociale che tende a privilegiare le relazioni sentimentali o familiari, Ferrante mostra come i legami amicali, soprattutto tra donne, possano avere un impatto altrettanto profondo e duraturo nella costruzione del sé. L’amicizia tra Lenù e Lila si configura come un luogo di apprendimento, conflitto e autoriflessione, in cui i confini tra identità individuale e collettiva si fanno porosi. All’interno di questo impianto tematico, la scrittura assume un ruolo fondamentale: non come fine, ma come mezzo per elaborare, comprendere e trattenere. Per Elena, scrivere diventa un atto necessario per dare ordine al vissuto, per resistere alla cancellazione dell’altro, ma anche per mettere distanza tra sé e Lila. La narrazione si configura così come uno spazio di memoria attiva, uno strumento per contenere il caos emotivo e costruire una forma provvisoria di significato. Analizzando l’intera tetralogia, emerge un modello di romanzo che supera i canoni tradizionali del Bildungsroman. La formazione delle protagoniste non segue un percorso lineare verso la realizzazione, bensì un movimento discontinuo, frammentato, talvolta regressivo. L’identità appare sempre instabile, attraversata da fratture sociali, linguistiche e affettive. In questo senso, L’amica geniale può essere letta come un romanzo della frantumazione, in cui la costruzione del sé è inseparabile dal confronto con l’altro e dalla coscienza del limite. Il successo internazionale dell’opera, così come il dibattito critico che ha suscitato, dimostrano la sua capacità di parlare a lettori di contesti culturali diversi, offrendo uno sguardo autentico, lucido e stratificato sul vissuto femminile. La scelta dell’anonimato da parte dell’autrice contribuisce a spostare l’attenzione sul testo e sull’esperienza narrata, sottraendo il discorso letterario alla logica dell’autorialità mediatica e restituendo centralità alla parola scritta. Questa tesi ha voluto offrire una lettura approfondita della tetralogia, mettendone in luce i principali nuclei tematici e narrativi, con l’obiettivo di invitare alla (ri)scoperta di un’opera che ha saputo dar voce a un universo spesso relegato ai margini: quello del vissuto femminile. Leggere Ferrante significa confrontarsi con le contraddizioni della crescita, della maternità, dell’amore, ma anche con la forza dirompente della scrittura come strumento di verità, trasformazione e memoria. Ma significa anche ritrovare sé stessi nello sguardo dell’altra, riconoscere le proprie inquietudini nei silenzi condivisi, e accettare che certe relazioni, pur segnate da fratture e squilibri, ci accompagnano per tutta la vita. L’amica geniale non racconta soltanto cosa significhi essere donna, ma cosa significhi essere umani nel desiderio, nella paura e nel bisogno radicale di essere visti e ricordati. È una storia che continua ad agire anche dopo l’ultima pagina, come un’eco che non smette di parlare a chi ha avuto, almeno una volta, un’amica geniale.This thesis offers a comprehensive reading of Elena Ferrante’s Neapolitan Novels tetralogy, composed of L’amica geniale, Storia del nuovo cognome, Storia di chi fugge e di chi resta, and Storia della bambina perduta. Through a thematic, narrative and contextual approach, the study highlights the complexity and richness of Ferrante’s depiction of female friendship, identity construction, and the socio-cultural transformation of post-war Italy. At the core of the analysis is the lifelong and often ambivalent relationship between the two protagonists, Elena (Lenù) and Raffaella (Lila), which serves as the narrative’s central axis. Far from romanticized or stereotypical portrayals of female bonds, Ferrante offers an intense, sometimes conflicting, yet deeply formative connection between two women who mirror, compete with, and define each other across the decades. Their friendship is not merely a narrative device, but a space where identity is questioned, shaped, and constantly renegotiated. In examining this bond, the thesis pays particular attention to how gender and social class intersect in the characters’ development. Ferrante presents the female coming-of-age experience not as a linear progression, but as a fragmented and contradictory process marked by external limitations and inner fractures. The contrast between the two protagonists’ life paths, one seeking upward mobility through education and writing, the other resisting integration into traditional roles, becomes a metaphor for broader tensions in female identity formation. The historical and cultural context of Naples and Italy from the 1950s to the early 2000s is also addressed, shedding light on the influence of politics, poverty, and patriarchy on the lives of the characters. The marginal rione becomes a microcosm of Italian society in transition, while the tetralogy as a whole reflects the collective memory of a generation shaped by rapid change, social inequality, and unresolved violence. Another key element explored in this work is the role of writing. For Elena, writing is not only a personal vocation but also a tool for survival, self-definition, and emotional processing. It allows her to make sense of her own story and of Lila’s enigmatic presence. Writing becomes a form of resistance, against oblivion, imposed narratives, and against the erasure of female voices from public discourse. The thesis further investigates the international success and critical reception of the Neapolitan Novels, analyzing the cultural impact of Ferrante’s work, the phenomenon of "Ferrante fever", and the debate surrounding the author’s anonymity. It is argued that this deliberate concealment of authorial identity redirects attention to the text and strengthens the political and literary significance of a voice that chooses to speak from the margins. In conclusion, the tetralogy emerges as an extraordinary narrative of female experience, articulating with nuance and authenticity the contradictions of friendship, motherhood, ambition, and belonging. The work invites the reader to reflect not only on the characters’ trajectories, but also on their own personal and cultural assumptions. Reading Ferrante means confronting the intricacies of growing up, the costs of intellectual independence, and the transformative and sometimes painful power of human relationships. This thesis aims to promote a deeper understanding of the Neapolitan Novels by revealing their literary, social, and emotional resonance. It invites readers to (re)discover a body of work that gives voice to a world often relegated to the margins: that of female subjectivity, complexity, and resistance

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