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Frequency of abnormal Pap smear results in 2019.
No full textCilj rada: Glavni cilj ovog rada bio je analizirati učestalost i raspodjelu abnormalnih
pločastih i žljezdanih lezija u cervikalnim brisevima po dobi i Bethesda klasifikaciji
abnormalnih stanica te utvrditi postotak citološki dijagnosticiranih invazivnih karcinoma
na Odjelu za kliničku citologiju u odnosu na operirane i patohistološki dijagnosticirane
karcinome vrata maternice u KBC-u Split tijekom 2019. godine.
Ispitanice i metode: Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 15000 nalaza Papa testa analiziranih na
Zavodu za patologiju, sudsku medicinu i citologiju KBC-a Split u razdoblju od 1. siječnja
2019. do 31. prosinca 2019 godine. Podaci za analizu prikupljeni su iz medicinske
dokumentacije Kliničkog zavoda za patologiju, sudsku medicinu i citologiju Klinčkog
bolničkog centra Split.
Rezultati: Od ukupnog broja analiziranih nalaza Papa testa, citološke abnormalnosti
pronađene su u 4% nalaza. Intraepitelne pločaste i žljezdane lezije su pronađene u 98.7%
abnormalnih nalaza. Stopa invazivnih karcinoma je 1.3% i 2/3 svih invazivnih karcinoma
čine oni pločastog porijekla. Najveća incidencija je bila u dobnoj skupini od 21 do 30
godina. Najučestalija kategorija po Bethesdinoj klasifikaciji abnormalnih stanica je bila
LSIL (40.2%) dok je najveća prevalencija HSIL lezija bila u dobnoj skupini od 31 do 40
godina (37.7%). ASCUS je činio najveći postotak svih abnormalnih nalaza Papa testa
(1.8%), zatim LSIL (1.5%). HSIL je uočen u 0.6% uzoraka, a ASCH u 0.1% uzoraka.
Najčešća cervikalna intraepitelna lezija bila je CIN 2 (48%). Kategorija atipičnih
glandularnih stanica neodređenog porijekla bila je najčešća u abnormalnostima žljezdanih
stanica (92.2%). Atipičnost u endometralnim stanicama pronađena je u 6.8%.
Abnormalnosti koje upućuju na AIS pronađene su u 0.05% AGC uzoraka. Za samo 13%
žena kojima je dijagnosticiran karcinom vrata maternice, Papa test je analiziran u KBCu Split.
Zaključak: Rak vrata maternice još uvijek je veliki zdravstveni problem. Otkrivanje
abnormalnosti Papa testom ima svoja ograničenja ovisno o kvaliteti i interpretaciji
uzorka. Ovo istraživanje naglašava važnost organiziranog probira u prevenciji raka vrata
materniceObjectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the frequency and distribution of
abnormal squamous and glandular lesions in cervical smears according to the age and
Bethesda categories, as well as to determine the proportion of cytologically diagnosed
invasive carcinomas in relation to pathohistological diagnosis of cervical carcinoma.
Patients and methodes: The study included 15000 Pap smears analized at the
Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, University Hospital Split,
from January 1st 2019 till December 31st 2019. Clinical data and results of morphologic
analysis were collected from the medical records of the Department.
Results: Pap smear abnormalities were found in 4% of the total smears screened.
Intraepithelial squamous and glandular lesions were found in 98.7% abnormal samples.
Invasive carcinomas were found in 1.3% samples and 2/3 were squamous cell origine.
The highest incidence was in the age group of 21-30 years. The most common Bethesda
category in this group were LSIL (40.2%) while the highest prevalence of HSIL lesions
was in the age group of 31-40 godina (37.7%). The most common category of the total
abnormal smears were ASCUS (1.8%) followed by LSIL (1.5%). HSIL was found in
0.6% samples and ASCH represents only 0.1% of squamous abnormality. The most
common reported HSIL was CIN 2 (48%). AGC NOS was the most common category of
glandular abnormality (92.2%). Atypia of the endometrial cell were found in
6.8%. Abnormalities consistent with AIS were found in 0.05% AGC samples. Only 13%
of women with patohistologic diagnosis of cervical carcinoma had a Pap smear analysed
in University Hospital Split.
Conclusion: Cervical cancer is still an important health care problem. Identification of
abnormalities in Pap smear has some limitation due to quality of sampling and
interpretation of the results. This study emphasise the importance of organised cervical
screening for preventing invasive cervical carcinomas
EMIGRATION FACTORS IN UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE STUDENTS OF NURSING AT THE UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH STUDIES IN SPLIT
No full textCilj: Ispitati i utvrditi emigracijske čimbenike, koji potiču studente na odlazak iz Republike Hrvatske na rad u inozemstvo.
Nacrt studije: Presječna studija.
Ispitanici i metode: U istraživanju sudjelovalo je 107 ispitanika, studenata Sveučilišnog odjela zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Splitu, smjer Sestrinstvo. Ispitanici koji su anketirani studenti su preddiplomskog (redovnog i izvanrednog) i diplomskog sveučilišnog studija. Ispitanici su anketirani preko anketnog upitnika koji je postavljen na platformu google docs.
Rezultati: U istraživanju provedenom na Sveučilišnom odjelu zdravstvenih studija, Sveučilišta u Splitu tijekom petog mjeseca 2021. godine, sudjelovalo je 107 ispitanika, od kojih su: 16 (14,9 %) muškarci i 91 (85,1 %) žene. Većina ispitanika namjerava ostati u Republici Hrvatskoj nakon završetka studija, nastaviti studirati na zdravstvenim studijima ili se planiraju odmah zaposliti u sustavu zdravstva. Petina ispitanika je spremna na rad u inozemstvu.
Zaključak: Najčešći razlog zašto mladi ostaju u Republici Hrvatskoj živjeti i raditi je obitelj, riješeno stambeno pitanje i stvoreni socijalni odnosi. Presudni razlozi za odlazak na rad u inozemstvo su: veća plaća, loše upravljanje sustavom zdravstva i ne pronalazak posla unutar ili van struke u Republici Hrvatskoj, nemogućnost napretka na poslu i ponuda posla na određeno vrijeme. Većina studenata koja će ostati u Republici Hrvatskoj raditi će u svojoj struci. Najpoželjnija zemlja za emigraciju je Njemačka.Aim of the research: Examine and determine the emigration factors that encourage students to leave the Republic of Croatia to work abroad.
Study design: Cross-sectional study.
Subjects and methods: 107 respondents, students of the University Department of Health Studies of the University of Split, Department of Nursing, participated in the study. Respondents surveyed are undergraduate (full-time and part-time) and graduate students. Respondents were surveyed via a survey questionnaire posted on the google docs platform.
Results: In the research conducted at the University Department of Health Studies, University of Split during the fifth month of 2021, 107 respondents participated, of which: 16 (14.9 %) men and 91 (85.1 %) women. Most of the respondents intend to stay in the Republic of Croatia after completing their studies, continue their studies in health studies or plan to be immediately employed in the health care system. One-fifth of respondents are ready to work abroad.
Conclusion: The most common reason why young people stay in the Republic of Croatia to live and work is the family, the housing issue resolved and social relations created. The crucial reasons for going to work abroad are: higher salary, poor management of the health care system and not finding a job inside or outside the profession in the Republic of Croatia, inability to progress at work and offering a fixed-term job. Most students who will stay in the Republic of Croatia will work in their profession. The most desirable country to emigrate to is Germany
ATTITUDES AND PREJUDICES TOWARD PEOPLE WHICH WERE RECOVERED FROM COVID-19 IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
No full textCILJ: Istražiti utjecaj demografskih pokazatelja, informiranosti i stavova ispitanika prema osobama koje su preboljele COVID-19 u Republici Hrvatskoj.
METODE: Istraživanje je provedeno u dva razdoblja, od rujna do svibnja 2020. godine i od veljače do ožujka 2021. godine. Anketiranje je provedeno online metodom „snježne grude“ putem Facebook-a i WhatsApp aplikacije. Upitnik se sastojao od 3 dijela. Prvi dio obuhvaća demografske odrednice ispitanika. Drugi dio se odnosi na pitanja znanja o COVID-19 i usporedba između nezdravstvenih i zdravstvenih radnika. Treći dio se odnosi na stavove ispitanika i njihovu usporedbu između nezdravstvenih i zdravstvenih radnika.
REZULTATI: U istraživanju nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika između nezdravstvenih i zdravstvenih radnika u stavovima prema osobama koje su preboljele COVID-19. Pronađena je razlika u povezanosti razine informiranosti i ukupnog zbroja bodova na testu znanja, ali ne i povezanosti razine informiranosti i broja bodova na ljestvici društvene distance. Nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika u stavovima prema osobama koje su preboljele COVID-19 s obzirom na dob ispitanika.
ZAKLJUČAK: Ispitanici ovog istraživanja ukazuju na neutralne stavove, dobra znanja i spremnost na prihvaćanje osoba koje su preboljele COVID-19. Usprkos tome bi trebalo nastaviti educirati stanovništvo o bolesti, mjerama prevencije i suzbijanju negativnih stavova.AIM: The aim of the study was to examine demographic characteristics, level of information and attitudes of participants towards persons who had recovered from COVID-19 in the Republic of Croatia.
METHODS: The study was conducted in two periods, from September to May 2020, and from February to March 2021. The survey was conducted online using the snowball method via Facebook and WhatsApp. The questionnaire consisted of three parts. The first part of the questionnaire covers demographic determinants of the participants. The second part of the questionnaire refers to questions on knowledge of COVID-19 and comparison between non-healthcare workers and healthcare workers. The third part of the questionnaire refers to the participants attitudes towards persons who have recovered from COVID-19 and their comparison between non-healthcare workers and healthcare workers.
RESULTS: The study showed no significant difference between non-healthcare workers and healthcare workers´ attitudes towards persons who have recovered from COVID-19. The difference was found in the relationship between the level of information and the total score on the knowledge test, but not between the level of information and the number of points on the scale of social distance. There was no statistically significant difference in attitudes towards persons who have recovered from COVID-19 given the age of the participants.
CONCLUSION: Respondents to this study indicate neutral attitudes, good knowledge and willingness to accept people COVID-19. Nevertheless, the population should continue to be educated about the disease, prevention measures and the suppression of negative attitudes
Rate of intracranial aneurysm occlusion after flow diverter implantation
No full textEndovaskularno liječenje intrakranijskih aneurizmi minimalno je invazivna metoda liječenja, čiji rezultati govore u prilog korisnosti liječenja ovom metodom. Sve veća i učestala potreba za endovaskularnim liječenjem dovela je do razvoja novih tehnologija, metoda i materijala. Flow diverteri su posebno dizajnirani materijali koji se koriste za endovaskularne zahvate na intrakranijskim aneurizmama. Uloga flow divertera temelji se na tehnici preusmjeravanja protoka izvan lumena aneurizmatskog proširenja, uzrokujući tako postupno očekivanu trombozu iste. Flow diverteri postavljaju se unutar matične arterije, neposredno ispod vrata aneurizmatskog proširenja.
Cilj istraživanja ovog rada odnosio se na utvrđivanje stupanja okluzije intrakranijske aneurizme liječenje s flow diverterom. Ukupno 88 pacijenata i 115 intrakranijskih aneurizmi liječeno je s flow diverterom u razdoblju od početka 2016. do kraja 2020. godine. Stanja i stupanj okluzije liječenih intrakranijskih aneurizmi određivan je praćenjem pomoću radioloških modaliteta DSA, MR-a i/ili CT-a.
Rezultati govore u prilog visokom stupnju potpune okluzije u 90% slučajeva, dok je kod 6% slučajeva zabilježena redukcija aneurizmatskog proširenja, uz očekivanu postupnu okluziju tijekom vremena. Kod 4% slučajeva zabilježene su periproceduralne komplikacije povezane s liječenjem pomoću flow divertera. Nije zabilježen niti jedan slučaj rekanalizacije prethodno liječene intrakranijske aneurizme, kao niti jedan smrtni ishod koji je povezan s liječenjem upotrebom flow divertera.
Endovaskularno liječenje intrakranijskih aneurizmi pomoću flow divertera sigurna je i učinkovita metoda u usporedbi s drugim načinima i tehnikama liječenja. Pogodnost primjene flow divertera karakteristična je posebno za velike i gigantske aneurizme širokog vrata, čije je endovaskularno liječenje ranije bilo onemogućeno.Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms is a minimally invasive treatment method, whose results speak in favor of its usefulness. The growing and frequent need for endovascular treatment has led to the development of new technologies, methods and materials. Flow diverters are specially designed materials used for endovascular procedures on intracranial aneurysms. The role of the flow diverter is based on the technique of redirecting the flow outside the lumen of the aneurysmal expansion, thus causing the gradually expected thrombosis. Flow diverters are being placed inside the maternal artery, just below the neck of the aneurysmal dilation.
This study aimed to determine the degree of occlusion of the intracranial aneurysm treatment with a flow diverter. A total of 88 patients and 115 intracranial aneurysms were treated with flow diverter from 2016. to 2020. The condition and degree of occlusion of treated intracranial aneurysms were determined by monitoring using radiological modalities DSA, MR and/or CT.
The results show a high degree of complete occlusion in 90% of cases, while in 6% of cases a reduction of aneurysmal dilatation was observed, with the expected gradual occlusion over time. Periprocedural complications associated with flow diverter treatment were reported in 4% of cases. No cases of recanalization of previously treated intracranial aneurysms have been reported, as well as no fatalities associated with the treatment using flow diverters.
Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms using flow diverters is a safe and effective method compared to the other treatments and techniques. The convenience of using a flow diverter is characteristic especially for large and giant wide neck aneurysms, whose endovascular treatment wasn't possible before
MATCH OF THE PERSONALITY OF NURSING STUDENTS WITH NURSING AS A PROFFESSION
No full textCilj
Cilj istraživanja je ispitati osobine ličnosti studenata studija sestrinstva potrebne za kvalitetno obavljanje profesionalnih zadataka u timskom radu. Utvrditi razlikuju li se medicinske sestre (Ž) od tehničara (M) u naglašenosti osobina te razlikuju li se studentice medicine (Ž) od studenata (M) u naglašenosti osobina. Utvrditi na temelju koje osobine svi ispitanici kreiraju lažnu sliku o sebi.
Metode
U istraživanju je korišten Big Five upitnik (12). Upitnik se koristi kako bi se napravila procjena pet velikih dimenzija ličnosti u okviru Peto faktorskog modela. Upitnik se koristi isključivo za testiranje osobe starijih od 16 godina. Big five upitnik se sastoji od pet velikih dimenzija: Energija (E), Ugodnost (U), Savjesnost (S), Emocionalna stabilnost (ES), Mentalna otvorenost (MO) ). Upitnik se sastoji od 132 čestice. Ispitanici su dužni izraziti stupanj slaganja na ljestvici od 1 do 5, gdje 1 označava u potpunosti netočno za mene a 5 označava u potpunosti točno za mene.
Rezultati
Studenti sestrinstva pokazuju vrlo nisku razinu energije, ugodnosti, savjesnosti, emocionalne stabilnosti, mentalne otvorenosti te time ne iskazuju osobine ličnosti potrebne za kvalitetno obavljanje profesionalnih zadataka u timskom radu. Postoji značajna razlika između studenata sestrinstva i studenata medicine u osobinama emocionalne stabilnosti i savjesnosti, dok u ostalim osobinama se ne nalazi značajne statističke razlike. Razina laganja odnosno kreiranja lažne slike o sebi nije se razlikovala među promatranim skupinama. U ispitivanju s obzirom na spol promatranih skupina razlike u energiji, savjesnosti, emocionalnoj stabilnosti, mentalnoj otvorenosti te laganju nije utvrđeno postojanje razlike. Veća razina ugodnosti je utvrđena među studenticama promatranih studija u odnosu na studente. Promatrajući studente sestrinstva nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u energiji, ugodnosti, savjesnosti, emocionalnoj stabilnosti, mentalnoj otvorenosti te laganju između studenata i studentica. Promatrajući studente medicine utvrđena je veća razina ugodnosti, emocionalne stabilnosti i savjesnosti kod studentica medicine u odnosu na studente medicine, dok u energiji, mentalnoj otvorenosti i laganju postojanje razlike nije uočeno.
Zaključci
Studenti sestrinstva nemaju posebno izražene potrebne osobine ličnosti za kvalitetno obavljanje profesionalnih zadataka u timskom radu. Postoje značajne razlike u osobinama ličnosti između studenata sestrinstva i medicine. Značajna razlika između studentica i studenata oba studija nalazi se u samo jednoj dimenziji – ugodnosti. Postoje značajne razlike u naglašenosti osobina između studenata i studentica medicine, dok među studenticama sestrinstva nisu utvrđene razlike.Goal
The aim of the research is to examine the characteristics of student nursing students needed for quality performance of professional tasks in teamwork. To determine nurses (F) differ from technicians (M) in accentuated traits that differ from student medicine (F) from students (M) in accentuated traits. Determine on the basis of which traits all respondents create a false image of themselves.
Methods
The Big Five questionnaire was used in the study (12). The questionnaire is used to make an assessment of the five major dimensions of personality within the Fifth Factor Model. The questionnaire is used exclusively for testing a person over 16 years of age. The Big Five questionnaire consists of five major dimensions: Energy (E), Comfort (U), Conscientiousness (S), Emotional Stability (ES), Mental Openness (MO)). The questionnaire consists of 132 items. Respondents are required to express a degree of agreement on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 indicates completely incorrect for me and 5 indicates completely incorrect for me.
The results
Nursing students show a very low level of energy, comfort, conscientiousness, emotional stability, mental openness and thus do not show the personality traits necessary for quality performance of professional tasks in teamwork. There is a significant difference between nursing students and medical students in the traits of emotional stability and conscientiousness, while there are no significant statistical differences in other traits. The level of lying, in creating a false image of oneself, did not differ between the observed groups. In the study with regard to the gender of the observed groups, differences in energy, conscientiousness, emotional stability, mental openness and lying were not found to exist. A higher level of comfort was found among female students of the observed studies compared to male students. Observing nursing students, no statistically significant difference was found in energy, comfort, conscientiousness, emotional stability, mental openness, and lying between male and female students. Observing medical students, a higher level of comfort, emotional stability and conscientiousness was found in medical students compared to medical students, while in energy, mental openness and lying, the difference was not observed.
Findings
Nursing students do not possess the necessary personality traits for quality performance of professional tasks in teamwork. There are significant differences in personality traits between nursing and medical students. A significant difference between the students of both studies is in only one dimension - comfort. There are significant differences in the emphasis of traits between male and female medical students, while no differences were found among nursing students
MISUNDERSTENDINGS BETWEEN MEDICAL STUFF AND PATIENTS - CAUSES AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
No full textCILJ
Cilj ovog istraživanja je usporediti učestalost pojave nesporazuma između bolesnika i medicinskih sestara zaposlenih na Klinici za kirurgiju KBC-a Split
ISPITANICI I METODE
Za potrebe ovog istraživanja anketu je ispunilo 112 ispitanika zaposlenih na Klinici za kirurgiju KBC-a Split. Prvu skupinu ispitanika čini 71 medicinska sestra zaposlena u stacionaru Klinike za kirurgiju KBC-a Split. Drugu skupinu ispitanika čini 20 medicinskih sestara zaposlenih na poliklinici Klinike za kirurgiju, te treća skupina koju čini 19 medicinskih sestara zaposlenih na hitnom kirurškom prijemu Klinike za kirurgiju.
REZULTATI
Medicinske sestre najveći dio svakodnevnog rada provode u komunikaciji s bolesnikom. Ovim istraživanje pokazalo se kako najveći broj medicinskih sestara ponekad ima nesporazume s bolesnikom, a kao najčešći uzrok pokazalo se drsko i bezobrazno ponašanje bolesnika. Veliki broj ispitanika nije prošao ni jedan oblik edukacije iz komunikacije s bolesnicima.
ZAKLJUČAK
Nezadovoljstvo bolesnika medicinskom uslugom najčešće je posljedica nekvalitetne komunikacije s medicinskim osobljem. Svaka komunikacija između zdravstvenih djelatnika i bolesnika mora biti usmjerena na stvaranje dobrih međuljudskih odnosa. Individualnim pristupom u komunikaciji pokazujemo da cijenimo svakog bolesnika bez obzira na dob, spol, dijagnozu. Medicinske sestre su skupina na koju se može i mora djelovati za poboljšanje kvalitete komunikacije, a s ciljem smanjivanja konfliktnih situacija na odjelu. Da bi postiglo sve navedeno, neophodno je provođenje sistematizacije cjelokupnog zdravstvenog sustava, a posebno poslova medicinske sestre te uvođenje standarda i definiranje poslova kako bi se izbjegli nesporazumi i stresne situacije.AIM
The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of misunderstandings between patients and nurses employed at the Clinic of Surgery, University Hospital of Split.
METHODS
For this research, the survey was completed by 112 respondents employed at the Clinic for Surgery of the University Hospital of Split. The first group of respondents consists of 71 nurses employed at the surgical departments. The second group of respondents consists of 20 nurses employed at the polyclinic and the third group consists of 19 nurses employed at the emergency department of the Clinic of Surgery.
RESULTS
The results of this research showed that most nurses sometimes have misunderstandings with the patient, and the most common cause was the insolent and rude behavior of patients. A large number of respondents did not undergo any form of education in communication with patients.
CONCLUSION
The patient's dissatisfaction with the medical service is most often the result of poor communication with the medical staff. Any communication between healthcare professionals and patients have to be aimed at creating good interpersonal relationships. With an individual approach to communication, we had shown that each patient should be valued regardless of age, gender or diagnosis. Nurses must be acted upon to improve the quality of communication, with the goal of reducing conflict situations in the ward. In order to achieve all of the above, it is necessary to implement a systematization of the entire health system, especially the work of a nurse
FREQUENCY OF URINARY INFECTIONS RELATED TO THE USE OF A URINARY CATHETER IN THE INTENSIVE TREATMENT UNIT
No full textKateterizacija je rutinski postupak kojim se omogućava drenaža urina iz mokraćnog sustava. Komplikacija vezana uz kateterizaciju je infekcija mokraćnog sustava, koja sa sobom donosi značajan morbiditet.
Učestalost mokraćnih infekcija je istraživana u JIL-u OB Šibenik tijekom 2009. godine i 2018. godine. U istraživanim godinama koristili su se različiti protokoli kao pouzdane smjesnice.
Ukupan broj liječenih tijekom te dvije godine iznosio je 761 bolesnik, od čega je 386 bolesnika u 2009. godini i 375 bolesnika u 2018. godini.
U ovoj studiji zaključeno je da primjena protokola u bolesnika koji su liječeni u JIL-u nije imala statistički značajnu razliku u spoređivanim godinama. Čimbenici rizika za CAUTI bili su ženski spol, dok starosnadob, duljina kateterizacije u JIL-u nije imala značajnupovezanost s CAUTI-jem.Catheterization is a routine medical procedure that facilitates direct drainage of the urinary bladder.The most frequent complication associated with catheterization is catheter-associated urinary tract infection resulting in significant morbidity.
The frequency of urinary tract infections was investigated in JIL OB Šibenik during 2009 and 2018. In the researched years, different protocols are used as reliable mixers.
The total number of patients treated during the two years was 761 patients, of which 386 patients in 2009 and 375 patients in 2018.
In this study, it was concluded that the application of the protocol in patients treated in the ICU did not have a statistically significant picture at comparable years. CAUTI
Obsertics service in postpartum depression
No full textPorod i majčinstvo za sobom nose mnoge izazove i promjenu u načinu života. Roditelji maštaju o prvom kontaktu sa svojim novorođenčetom i očekuju najbolji ishod. No zbog različitih situacija s kojim se susrećemo, sve češća je pojava postporođajne depresije. Nažalost majke se često ne mogu suočiti s tim. Stoga je važno da primalja bude upoznata s bolesti kako bi na vrijeme spriječila loše ishode.Childbirth and motherhood bring with them many challenges and lifestyle changes. Parents dream of the first contact with their newborn and expect the best outcome. But because of the different situations we face, postpartum depression is becoming more common. Unfortunately, mothers are often unable to cope with this. It is important for the midwife to be aware of the disease in order to prevent bad outcomes in time
Postoperative health care of the patient after tonsillectomy
No full textKrajnici (lat. tonsillae) su nakupine limfnog tkiva koje se nalaze na križanju probavnog i dišnog sustava. Nepčane tonzile i treći krajnik su dio Waldeyerova prstena koji brani mikroorganizmima ulazak zrakom ili hranom u naše tijelo. Veličina tonzila ovisi o dobi i naslijeđu. Nepčane tonzile su najrazvijenije u pubertetu, treći krajnik u ranom djetinjstvu, a jezična tonzila u odrasloj dobi. Ako krajnici organizmu prave više štete nego koristi trebalo bi ih odstraniti. Glavni razlozi zbog kojih se radi operacija kod djece su uvećani krajnici u kombinaciji s uvećanim trećim krajnikom, kod osoba koje boluju od gnojne angine pet i više puta unutar dvije godine i kod sumnje na tumor. Osim najčešće klasične tonzilektomije postoji još mnogo metoda uklanjanja tonzila, poput laserske tonzilektomije, izrezivanja tkiva elektrokoagulatorom i ultrazvučnim skalpelom i radiofrekvencijska ablacija.
Cilj rada je objasniti važnost krajnika u organizmu, korisnosti i štete njihovog odstranjivanja te komplikacije koje se mogu javiti. Prije operacijskog zahvata potrebno je napraviti plan zdravstvene njege koji sadrži dijagnozu, ciljeve i intervencije.
Važnu ulogu u zdravstvenoj njezi pacijenta ima medicinska sestra koja izrađuje plan zdravstvene njege, provodi ga i na kraju radi evaluaciju provedenih postupaka. Uspostavlja terapijski odnos s pacijentom te ga psihički i fizički priprema za operaciju. Nakon operacije educira pacijenta o načinu ponašanja i pravilnoj prehrani koje se mora pridržavati. Kvalitetnim odnosom između medicinske sestre i pacijenta ostvaruje se bolja suradnja i sprječavaju se neželjene pogreške u zdravstvenoj njezi.Tonsillae (lat. Tonsillae) are accumulations of lymph tissue located at the intersection of the digestive and respiratory systems. The palatine tonsils and the third tonsil are part of the Waldeyer ring that prevents microorganisms from coming into our body through air or food. The size of the tonsils depends on age and heredity. The palatine tonsils are most developed in puberty, the third tonsil in early childhood, the lingual tonsils in adulthood. If the tonsils do more harm than good to the body, they should be removed. The main reasons for surgery in children are enlarged tonsils in combination with an enlarged third tonsil, in a person suffering from purulent angina five or more times within two years and in suspected tumor. In addition to the most common classic tonsillectomies, there are many other methods of tonsillectomy, such as laser tonsillectomies, tissue excision with an electrocoagulator and an ultrasound scalpel, and radiofrequency ablation.
The aim of this paper is to explain the importance of tonsils in the body, the benefits and harms of their removal and the complications that may occur. Before surgery, it is necessary to make a health care plan that contains the diagnosis, goals and interventions.
An important role in the patient's health care is played by the nurse who develops the health care plan, implements it and finally evaluates the performed procedures. Establishes a therapeutic relationship with the patient and mentally and physically prepares him for surgery. After surgery, it educates the patient about the behavior and proper diet that must be followed. A quality relationship between the nurse and the patient achieves better cooperation and prevents unwanted mistakes in health care
CREATIVE BEHAVIOR AND PROSPENSITY TO DDAYDREAM IN STUDENTS: ARE "DREAMERS" MORE CREATIVE?
No full textCiljevi: Ciljevi rada bili su ispitati razlike u kreativnom ponašanju, samoprocjeni kreativnosti i dnevnom
sanjarenju između studenata na Sveučilišnom odjelu zdravstvenih studija i studenata Filozofskog
fakulteta u Splitu, te ispitati mogućnost predviđanja kreativnog ponašanja na osnovi vrste studija,
poticanja kreativnosti, dnevnog sanjarenja i otvorenosti prema iskustvima.
Metode: U istraživanju je sudjelovao 121 student sa Sveučilišnog odjela zdravstvenih studija i
Filozofskog fakulteta u Splitu. Istraživanje se provodilo metodom anketiranja tijekom siječnja 2020.
Mjerni instrumenti koji su korišteni za dokazivanje hipoteza i specifičnih ciljeva jesu validirani anketni
upitnici, odnosno Upitnik općih podataka, Upitnik neprilagođenog dnevnog sanjarenja, Upitnik
kreativnog ponašanja, Pitanja o poticanju kreativnog ponašanja, Upitnik samoprocjene kreativnosti i
Upitnik otvorenosti. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da među ispitanicima ne postoji razlika u spolu i dobi
prema fakultetu koji studenti pohađaju.
Rezultati: Provođenjem ankete pokazalo se da studenti Filozofskog fakulteta u Splitu imaju više razine
kreativnog ponašanja, više samoprocjene kreativnosti i više dnevnog sanjarenja od studenata Sveučilišnog
odjela zdravstvenih studija te da pripadnost studiju Filozofskog fakulteta, više razine dnevnog sanjarenja,
veća otvorenost prema iskustvima i poticanje kreativnosti predviđaju više razine kreativnog ponašanja.
Zaključci: Kreativno ponašanje i sklonost sanjarenju kod studenata povezana je s fakultetom koji
studenti pohađaju, pa su studenti ovisno o zahtjevima svoje profesije manje ili više skloni pragmatičnijem
pristupu životu, a samim time i manje, odnosno više sanjare te su posljedično, manje ili više kreativni.
Tako se kod studenata koji imaju više razine kreativnog ponašanja, više samoprocjene kreativnosti, više
dnevnog sanjarenja i veću otvorenost iskustvima predviđa viša razina kreativnog ponašanja. Provedeno
istraživanje je jedinstveno te bi rezultati istraživanja mogli unaprijediti spoznaje o sklonosti sanjarenju
kod studenata te povezanosti sanjarenja i kreativnog ponašanja. Međutim, nedostatak je istraživanja što je
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ono ograničeno samo na studente i što su ispitanici homogeni prema dobi, što bi moglo utjecati na
rezultate istraživanja. Osim toga, korištenje samoprocjenskih upitnika može utjecati na objektivnost
ispitanikaAims: The aims of this paper were to examine differences in creative behavior, self-assessment of
creativity and daydreaming between students of the University Department of Health Studies and students
of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Split, and to examine the possibility of predicting
creative behavior based on study type.
Methods: Altogether 121 students partcipated in this study, of which 80 were the students of the
University Department of Health Studies and 41 were the students of the Faculty of Humanities and
Social Sciences. The research was conducted by the survey method during January 2020. The measuring
instruments used to prove the hypotheses and specific objectives are the validated survey questionnaires
as follows: the General Data Questionnaire, the Maladaptive Daydreaming Questionnaire, the Creative
Behavior Questionnaire, the Creative Behavior Questions, the Creativity Self-Assessment Questionnaire
and the Openness Questionnaire.
Resultates: The research found that there was no gender and age differences among the respondents
according to the faculty that students attend. The results showed that students of the Faculty of
Humanities and Social Sciences had higher levels of creative behavior, higher self-assessment of
creativity and more daydreaming compared to students of the University Department of Health Studies.
Furher, encouriging creativity by authorities predicted higher levels of creative behavior.
Conclusiones: Creative behavior and a tendency to daydream in students was associated with the faculty
that students attend, so students were more or less inclined to a more pragmatic approach to life, and thus
less or more daydreamers, and consequently, more or less creative in daily life. Thus, for students who
have higher levels of creative behavior, higher self-assessment of creativity, more daily daydreaming and
greater openness to experiences, a higher level of creative behavior has been predicted. The conducted
research is unique and the results of the research could improve the knowledge about the tendency of
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daydreaming in students and the association between daydreaming and creative behavior. However, the
limitation of the research is that it is limited to students and that the respondents are homogenous by age,
which could affect the results of the research. In addition, the use of self-assessment questionnaires can
also affect the objectivity of the respondents.
Keywords: creative behavior, daydreaming, studen