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Financial Reports of State Budget Users
No full textFinancijski izvještaji proračunskih subjekata, kao i sustav njihovog računovodstva, u
potpunosti su normativno unificirani i determinirani. Temeljna svrha im je prezentirati
financijski položaj i financijski rezultat poslovanja u izvještajnom razdoblju. U
teorijskom dijelu rada se prikazuju rezultati istraživanja teorijskog i zakonskog okvira
financijskog izvještavanja u sustavu proračuna, a u aplikativnom dijelu rezultati
istraživanja financijskih izvještaja konkretnog korisnika državnoga proračuna. Provedeno
je na Ministarstvu unutarnjih poslova za razdoblje od 2017. do 2023. godine pri čemu se
konstatira stabilan rast imovine, prihoda i rashoda. Analiza ukazuje na kontinuirani rast
imovine, potrebu za većim financijskim sredstvima radi ispunjenja obveza te povećanu
financijsku podršku iz različitih izvora. Vertikalna analiza pokazuje relativnu stabilnost
strukture imovine, prihoda i rashoda Ministarstva, s određenim oscilacijama. Iako analiza
otkriva određene nedostatke i prepreke, isto tako ističe potencijal za poboljšanje kroz
implementaciju strategija usmjerenih na optimizaciju procesa izvještavanja, jačanje
internih kontrola te povećanje transparentnosti. Kroz bolje razumijevanje financijskih
izvještaja i njihovih nedostataka, analizirani subjekt može osnažiti svoje financijsko
upravljanje i izgraditi povjerenje javnosti i dionika. Ključni zaključak istraživanja
naglašava važnost kontinuiranog praćenja i poboljšanja procesa financijskog
izvještavanja radi osiguranja dosljedne transparentnosti, učinkovitosti i odgovornosti u
korištenju javnih izvora financiranja.Financial statements of budgetary entities, as well as their accounting system, are fully
normatively unified and determined. Their basic purpose is to present the financial
position and financial result of the business in the reporting period. In the theoretical part
of the paper, the results of research into the theoretical and legal framework of financial
reporting in the budget system are presented. In the applied part, the results of research
into the financial reports of specific users of the state budget are presented. It was carried
out at the Ministry of the Interior for the period from 2017 to 2023, during which a stable
growth of assets, income and expenses was revealed. The analysis indicates continuous
asset growth, the need for increased financial resources to meet obligations, and enhanced
financial support from various sources. Vertical analysis shows relative stability in the
structure of assets, revenues, and expenditures of the Ministry, with certain fluctuations.
Although the analysis reveals some deficiencies and obstacles, it also highlights the
potential for improvement through the implementation of strategies aimed at optimizing
reporting processes, strengthening internal controls, and increasing transparency.
Through a better understanding of financial statements and their shortcomings, the
analyzed entity can strengthen its financial management and build trust among the public
and stakeholders. The key conclusion of the research emphasizes the importance of
continuous monitoring and improvement of financial reporting processes to ensure
consistent transparency, efficiency, and accountability in the use of public resources
Analysis of the impact of Netflix's recommendation algorithm on consumer user experience
No full textRazvojem digitalnih tehnologija streaming platforme postale su važan dio načina konzumacije sadržaja, a njihov utjecaj na svakodnevicu korisnika stalno raste. Platforme poput Netflixa promijenile su gledateljske navike kroz personalizaciju iskustva i olakšano otkrivanje sadržaja. Ovaj rad se bavi ulogom streaming servisa u suvremenoj konzumaciji video sadržaja, s naglaskom na razvoj modela distribucije i primjenu algoritama za personalizaciju i preporuku. Korištenjem naprednih algoritama, platforme uspješno privlače i zadržavaju korisnike nudeći sadržaj prilagođen njihovim interesima. Algoritmi analiziraju navike gledanja i preferencije kako bi korisnicima preporučili relevantan sadržaj, što mijenja tradicionalan način izbora. Ovaj rad prikazuje teorijski pregled te provedeno kvalitativno istraživanje. Teorijski dio temelji se na prethodnim istraživanjima, dok je kvalitativno istraživanje provedeno intervjuima kako bi se ispitala percepcija korisnika o personaliziranim preporukama i njihov utjecaj na iskustvo gledanja. Rezultati pokazuju da većina ispitanika smatra preporuke korisnima jer olakšavaju odabir sadržaja, ali često osjećaju prezasićenost i umor od izbora, što ponekad dovodi do odustajanja od gledanja.With the development of digital technologies, streaming platforms have become an important part of modern video content consumption, and their influence on users' everyday lives continues to grow. Platforms like Netflix have transformed viewing habits through personalized experiences and easier content discovery. This paper explores the role of streaming services in contemporary content consumption, with a focus on the development of distribution models and the use of algorithms for personalization and recommendation. By utilizing advanced algorithms, platforms successfully attract and retain users by offering content tailored to their interests. These algorithms analyze viewing habits and preferences to recommend relevant content to users, thereby changing the traditional method of content selection. This master thesis presents a theoretical overview and a conducted qualitative study. The theoretical part is based on previous research, while the qualitative study was carried out through interviews to examine users’ perceptions of personalized recommendations and their impact on the viewing experience. The results show that the majority of respondents find recommendations useful as they ease content selection, but they also often feel overwhelmed by the abundance of options and experience decision fatigue, which sometimes leads them to stop watching altogether
Foreign direct investment: trends and determinants in Common Wealth Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa: a case study of Uganda
No full textBackground: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has emerged as a significant driver of economic
growth in Uganda, with recent trends indicating a notable increase in FDI inflows across various
sectors. After Uganda’s independence in 1962 to date the country embarked on rolling out policies
and establishing structures to boost FDI as a vehicle for economic growth and development. This
study was set out to analyze the trends, determinants and impact of FDI in Uganda as a common
wealth country.
Methods: Analysis and synthesis of past and recent data on FDI flows was conducted particularly
in sectors like; Agriculture, hunting, and forestry, mining, and manufacturing, electricity gas and
water, construction, telecommunications, energy, and financing, insurance, and business services,
reflecting growing investor confidence in Uganda's economic prospects. The study utilized both
quantitative and qualitative research methods to provide a comprehensive analysis of FDI in
Uganda within the broader African context. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM)
technique was used to address indigeneity concerns, specifically the Blundell and Bond estimator.
The two-step system GMM with the collapsed instrument matrix option, using Stata's xtabond2
was then applied, with Windmeijer’s finite sample corrections for standard errors to address
downward bias.
Results: Key determinants shaping FDI inflows include; market size, labour cost, level of
investment risk, advanced infrastructure, a skilled workforce, and higher income levels, openness
to international trade through for instance; removal of exchange controls, already existing
investments, and lastly stable fiscal and monetary policies. Despite the positive impact of FDI on
economic growth, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure and regulatory hurdles persist,
necessitating targeted policy interventions. By addressing these challenges and leveraging FDI
effectively.
Conclusions: Uganda can harness its full potential for sustained economic development and
prosperity through FDIs
Starenje radne snage i trendovi tržišta rada u Europskoj uniji: bibliometrijska analiza
No full textThis study examines the main consequences of Europe's ageing population, including its effects on the labour market, employment dynamics, education, and socio-economic inequalities. It aims to identify and analyse trends and thematic priorities of these challenges, as well as regional differences within the EU (European Union). We used VOSviewer to perform a bibliometric analysis to analyse the publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection. The general overview of this area was based on the scientific fields of economics, business and demography. The results show a clear difference in thematic focus between Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries and Western European (WE) countries. The main emphasis in research in CEE countries concerning the challenges of an ageing workforce is on (un)employment. This research takes an optimistic view of the potential benefits of migration. In contrast, research in WE countries focuses primarily on the social impacts of migration, socio-economic inequalities and policy interventions. Moreover, WE studies are cited more frequently and have more influence, indicating their central role in shaping EU-wide discussions and policies. This research led to the conclusion that while ageing remains a challenge for Europe as a whole, regional priorities and the heterogeneity of scientific results reflect different socio-economic contexts and policy requirements. Bridging this gap between regions in different contexts requires a careful and integrated approach that could balance the potential positive effects of migration and address inequalities between Member States. This research highlights the need for collaborative policy and cross-regional knowledge exchange to mitigate the impact of ageing populations on the European labour market and socio-economic structure.U ovom radu razmatrane su neke od glavnih posljedica starenja europskog stanovništva, kao što su utjecaj starenja na tržište rada, dinamiku rada, obrazovanje i socio-ekonomske nejednakosti. Cilj ovog istraživanja identificirati je i analizirati trendove i tematske prioritete tih izazova, kao i regionalne razlike unutar Europske unije. Bibliometrijska analiza publikacija indeksiranih u Web of Science Core Collection bazi rađena je pomoću VOSviewera. Pregled se temeljio na znanstvenim područjima ekonomije, poslovne ekonomije i demografije. Rezultati pokazuju jasnu razliku u tematskom fokusu između zemalja srednje i istočne Europe te zemalja zapadne Europe. Glavni naglasci u istraživanjima provedenih u zemljama srednje i istočne Europe u vezi s izazovima starenja radne snage su na (ne)zaposlenosti. Kod tih istraživanja prisutan je optimističan pogled na potencijalne koristi od migracija. Nasuprot tome, istraživanja u zemljama zapadne Europe prvenstveno se usredotočuju na društvene utjecaje migracija, socio-ekonomske nejednakosti i politikama intervencija. Radovi iz zapadne Europe češće su citirani i imaju veću vidljivost, što ukazuje na njihovu središnju ulogu u oblikovanju rasprava i politika na razini cijele EU. Ovo istraživanje dovodi do zaključka da, iako starenje ostaje izazov za Europu u cjelini, regionalni prioriteti i heterogenost znanstvenih rezultata odražavaju različite socio-ekonomske kontekste te potrebe za različitim politikama. Premošćivanje ovog jaza između regija zahtijeva pažljiv i integriran pristup koji može uravnotežiti potencijalne pozitivne učinke migracija i riješiti nejednakosti među državama članicama. Iz ovog istraživanja vidljiva je i naglašena potreba za suradnjom i međuregionalnom razmjenom znanja kako bi se ublažio utjecaj starenja stanovništva na europsko tržište rada i socio-ekonomsku strukturu
Fundamental analysis of company AD Plastik Ltd.
No full textBefore making a decision about whether to invest money into a company or to pass on it, an investor should get to know the firm inside and out. This is done through the process of fundamental analysis. Fundamental analysis is a type of analysis that looks at the company's qualitative and quantitative factors that can influence its price, taking into account various things like the company's financials, investment risk, market overview and state of the economy. When calculating the intrinsic value of an asset, an investor has many different approaches. Two of the most commonly used methods are discounted cash flow (DCF for short) and peer/relative analysis. The DCF method is a technique of valuation with a purpose of estimating the present value of an asset based on future expected cash flows, while relative analysis compares an asset with similar publicly traded assets within the same industry and sector. Both of those methods will be used in this paper to value the company AD Plastik d.d.
The company AD Plastik is a Croatian automotive parts company with roots all the way back in 1952, when it operated under the name Jugoplastika. They are a leader in Croatian automotive markets, and they supply plastic car parts. The company launched its stock on the Zagreb Stock Exchange in 1995 at the price of 13 HRK or 1.72EUR under the ticker ADPL
Tehnologija i inovacije u poljoprivredi
No full textOdluke o ulaganju u tehnologiju i izvor tehnologije proizvodnih poduzeća često imaju dugoročne posljedice po poslovanje. U poljoprivrednoj je proizvodnji posljednjih godina došlo do brzog i snažnog razvoja tehnoloških mogućnosti koje se oslanjaju ponajprije na digitalne tehnologije, a mogu omogućiti unapređenje učinkovitosti i produktivnosti. Posebno značajnu ulogu u suvremenoj poljoprivredi igraju koncepti poput precizne poljoprivrede, pametnih farmi te integracije tehnologija poput satelitskog navođenja i senzorskih sustava. Međutim, istraživanja pokazuju kako i dalje postoje snažne prepreke u implementaciji novih tehnologija, što se posebno odnosi na manje poslovne sustave. U ovom je radu dan pregled najznačajnijih nadirućih tehnologija te su analizirane mogućnosti njihove implementacije u kontekstu hrvatske poljoprivrede, s posebnim naglaskom na izazove poput malih prosječnih obradivih površina i nedostatka radne snage. Kako bi se spriječilo daljnje tehnološko zaostajanje i smanjenje konkurentnosti malih i srednjih proizvođača, nužno je povećati mogućnosti
edukacije radne snage te promovirati tehnologije koje su prikladne za ulaganje, uporabu i održavanje, čak i za manje proizvođače. Daljnji razvoj i šira primjena novih tehnologija, uz podršku javnih politika, ključni su za olakšavanje tehnološke transformacije hrvatske poljoprivrede u budućnosti
Analysis of the Market Premium Model by Technology in the Republic of Croatia
No full textSustav poticanja obnovljivih izvora energije je reguliran sustav koji je uređen mnogim zakonskim
i podzakonskim aktima, a za vođenje sustava poticanja obnovljivih izvora energije u Republici
Hrvatskoj zadužen je Hrvatski operator tržišta energije d.o.o.. Svrha sustava poticanja je poticanje
proizvodnje električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora energije i visokoučinkovite kogeneracije sa
ciljem povećanje udjela električne energije iz obnovljivih izvora energije. Kroz godine, sustav
poticanja se mijenjao, a sukladno tome su se mijenjali i modeli koji su primjenjivali za poticanje
obnovljivih izvora energije. U Republici Hrvatskoj od 2007. godine se primjenjivao model
zajamčenih cijena. Zbog neodrživosti i nemogućnosti poticanja tržišnog natjecanja, ovaj model je
sve manje u primjeni, te je uveden model poticanja tržišnim premijama. Model tržišne premije je
relativno novi model u sustavu poticanja proizvodnje iz obnovljivih izvora energije u Republici
Hrvatskoj, čiji cilj je povećanje udjela obnovljivih izvora energije te omogućiti lakšu prilagodbu
proizvođačima na tržištu. Prema tom modelu, premija koja se isplaćuje proizvođaču je varijabilna
i predstavlja razliku između referentne vrijednosti i tržišne cijene električne energije, pa tako
razlikujemo jednostranu odnosno dvostranu premiju. Jednostrana premija je model tržišne premije
prema kojem se isplaćuje povlaštenom proizvođaču razlika između referentne vrijednosti i
referentne tržišne cijene, ako je referentna tržišna cijena manja od referentne vrijednosti koja se
definira Ugovorom o tržišnoj premiji. Kad je tržišna premija negativna, odnosno kad je referentna
tržišna cijena veća od referentne vrijednosti, u tom mjesecu nema isplate. Dvostrana premija
predstavlja model tržišne premije u kojem se događa isto kao u jednostranoj premiji, s tim da kad
je referentna tržišna cijena veća od referentne vrijednosti povlašteni proizvođač tu razliku vraća u
sustav poticanja. U ovom radu prikazani su modeli tržišne premije kroz analizu po tehnologijama,
točnije na primjeru sunčane elektrane i bioplinskog postrojenja te njihov utjecaj na sustav poticanja
i povlaštenog proizvođača. Također, model tržišne premije se već odavno primjenjuje u nekim
zemljama članicama Europske unije, pa će se u radu dati kratak osvrt i na to kako model tržišne
premije funkcionira u izabranim zemljama članicama.The incentive system for renewable energy sources is a system that is regulated by legal and bylaws, and the Croatian energy market operator d.o.o. is the responsible party for managing the
incentive system for renewable energy sources in the Republic of Croatia. The purpose of the
incentive system is to incentivize the production of electricity from renewable energy sources and
high-efficiency cogeneration with the aim of increasing the share of electricity from renewable
energy sources. Over the years, the incentive system has changed, and the models applied to
incentivize renewable energy sources have also changed accordingly. In the Republic of Croatia,
the model of guaranteed prices has been applied since 2007. Due to the unsustainability and
impossibility of stimulating market competition, this model is being used less often, and the model
of stimulating market premiums was introduced. The market premium model is a relatively new
model in the system of stimulating production from renewable energy sources in the Republic of
Croatia, the goal of which is to increase the share of renewable energy sources and enable producers
to easily adapt to the market conditions. According to this model, the premium paid to the producer
is variable and represents the difference between the reference value and the electricity market
price The premium model distinguishes between one-sided and two-sided premiums. One-sided
premium is a market premium model according to which the difference between the reference value
and the reference market price is paid to the privileged producer, if the reference market price is
lower than the reference value defined by the Market Premium Agreement. When the market
premium is negative, i.e. when the reference market price is higher than the reference value, there
is no payment for that month. The two-sided premium is a market premium model in which the
same thing happens as in the one-sided premium, with the exception that when the reference market
price is higher than the reference value, the privileged producer returns the difference to the
incentive system. In this paper, market premium models are presented through an analysis by
technology, more specifically on the example of a solar power plant and a biogas plant, and their
impact on the incentive system and the privileged producer. Also, the market premium model has
been applied for a long time in some member states of the European Union, so the paper will give
a brief overview of how the market premium model works in selected member countries
Wine Bottle Label Design of the Croatian Autochthonous Grape Variety Žlahtina: a Text-Linguistic Analysis
No full textAlthough Croatia is a relatively small country in the Mediterranean, its location provides a fertile climate for the cultivation of many different grape varieties. Viticulture and a rich winemaking tradition of over 2,500 years have resulted in a list of 258 grape varieties that can be grown today on the territory of the Republic of Croatia. Among them, the autochthonous Croatian wine variety žlahtina was chosen for the analysis of the wine bottle label design. The chapter explores the visual codes on the wine bottles of different producers of žlahtina, that is, the front and back labels. Since the wine bottle label can be defined as a specific text genre, a text-linguistic analysis of the selected labels was carried out. Žlahtina wine bottle labels were analysed on three different levels: the communication-pragmatic, thematic and linguistic-stylistic level. The focus of the analysis is on the macro level, as it includes the analysis of the visual element that attracts the consumer's attention. The obtained results provide data on the characteristics of the text genre wine bottle label at the linguistic and the semiotic level
SWOT methodology and business environment analysis: critical rewiew
No full textU završnom radu istražuje se primjena SWOT metodologije kao alata za strateško planiranje i upravljanje u različitim poduzećima. SWOT analiza, koja se temelji na identifikaciji snaga, slabosti, prilika i prijetnji, koristi se za razumijevanje unutarnjih i vanjskih čimbenika koji utječu na poslovanje te omogućuje organizacijama donošenje informiranih odluka i prilagodbu promjenjivim uvjetima poslovanja. Kroz studije slučaja izabranih poduzeća, rad prikazuje kako su se rezultati SWOT analize koristili za razvoj strategija i donošenje odluka koje su unaprijedile njihove konkurentske prednosti i minimizirale rizike. Analizirani primjeri uključuju različite industrije i veličine poduzeća, što omogućuje sveobuhvatan uvid u primjenu SWOT analize u stvarnim poslovnim situacijama. Na temelju rezultata istraživanja, rad zaključuje da SWOT metodologija igra ključnu ulogu u unapređenju poslovne strategije i donošenju informiranih odluka. Kritički dio rada naglašava da SWOT analiza često ostaje na površinskoj razini, bez dublje interpretacije i prioritizacije ključnih faktora. Osim toga, primjena među različitim organizacijama pokazala je nedosljednosti u kvaliteti i temeljitosti provedbe. Preporučuje se kombinacija SWOT analize s kvantitativnim analitičkim alatima i strukturiranje procesa analize kako bi se povećala preciznost i osigurala njezina praktična primjenjivost u suvremenim poslovnim izazovima.In the final paper, the application of SWOT methodology as a tool for strategic planning and management in various companies is explored. SWOT analysis, based on the identification of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, is used to understand internal and external factors affecting business operations and enables organizations to make informed decisions and adapt to changing business conditions. Through case studies of selected companies, the paper demonstrates how the results of SWOT analysis were utilized to develop strategies and make decisions that enhanced their competitive advantages and minimized risks. The analyzed examples span various industries and company sizes, providing a comprehensive insight into the application of SWOT analysis in real business situations. Based on the research findings, the paper concludes that SWOT methodology plays a crucial role in improving business strategy and making informed decisions. The critical part of the paper highlights that SWOT analysis often remains superficial, lacking deeper interpretation and prioritization of key factors. Additionally, its application across different organizations has shown inconsistencies in the quality and thoroughness of execution. It is recommended to combine SWOT analysis with quantitative analytical tools and to structure the analysis process to enhance precision and ensure its practical applicability in contemporary business challenges
ANALYSING THE PREFERENCES OF WINE CONSUMERS USING MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
No full textWine research and the preferences of wine consumers have been the focus of interest for many scientists over the last two decades. One of the reasons for this is that wine is more than just a product for consumers and wine can also be seen as an experiential good, which means that consumers can only judge its quality after consuming it. It is therefore important to research their preferences in order to understand which characteristics of wine influence their purchasing decisions. Analysing wine consumers' preferences is important so that producers can adapt their production and sales strategies to current demand. The aim of the study is to find out which factors have the greatest influence on the purchase of wine and then to rank the types of wine based on consumer preferences. The importance of the individual criteria that influence the consumer's choice of wine and the motivation for this choice are analysed in this article with the help of the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The alternatives used in the analysis are the most popular white and red wine varieties, as most red and white wines are produced in the Republic of Croatia. The main criteria selected for the analysis are mainly related to the market characteristics of wine and the characteristics of wine quality. The criteria were selected on the basis of the researched literature and those that were mentioned most frequently were chosen. The following wine quality criteria are used: aroma, acidity, sugar content, alcohol content, vintage and geographical indication. As far as the market characteristics of the wine are concerned, the study uses the criterion of wine price. The most important criteria chosen by respondents when buying wine were the sweetness of the wine, the price of the wine and the aroma of the wine. Muscat Ottonel was chosen as the best alternative for white wine and Plavac Mali for red wine. The results of the analysis show that the average wine consumer in Croatia has a high level of education, lives in a family with a monthly income of up to 4,000 euros, buys wine directly from the producer and favours white wine as well as semi-sweet and semi-dry wines