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Growth characteristics, carcass and meat quality of Simmental calves in organic farming
No full textEkološki uzgoj goveda je normiran, posebice po pitanju hranidbe, smještaja i njege. U pogledu krepkih krmiva skromnija hranidba i ekstenzivna narav ovog uzgojnog sustava utječe na sporiju dinamiku rasta goveda, specifičnu kakvoću trupa i mesa, poglavito u usporedbi s konvencionalnim sustavima proizvodnje. Ciljevi rada su istražiti odlike rasta, kakvoće trupova i mesa simentalske teladi u ekološkom uzgoju. Istraživanje je provedeno na simentalskoj teladi iz ekološkog uzgoja s područja Sisačko-Moslavačke županije životne dobi od 5 do 6 mjeseci. Boja, pH i kapaoni gubitak mjereni su na uzorku m. longissimus dorsi uzetom u razini 9. ili 10. rebra mjernim uređajem Minolta, ubodnim pH metrom Mettler Toledo i preciznom mjernom vagom. Iz nacionalnog sustava kontrole na liniji klanja prikupljeni su podatci o simentalskoj teladi OPG-a Džakula zaklanoj u 2022. godini. Prosječna masa toplih polovica iznosila je 100,5 kg a neto dnevni prirast iznosio je 598 g/dan. Randman teladi iznosio je 54,6%. Vrijednosti pH24h i boje mesa (46,15; 22,37; 6,58) su povoljne. Odnosi masa primarnih rasjeka prednjih i stražnjih četvrti su 2:1. Provedeno istraživanje ukazuje na povoljne odlike kakvoće trupova i mesa simentalske teladi iz ekološkog uzgoja.Organic breeding of cattle is standardized, especially in terms of feeding, accommodation and care. In terms of forages, the more modest feeding and extensive nature of this breeding system affects the slower growth dynamics of cattle, the specific quality of the carcass and meat, especially compared to conventional production systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of growth, carcass and meat quality of Simmental calves in organic farming. The research was carried out on Simmental calves from organic breeding from the area of Sisak-Moslovak county, aged 5 to 6 months. Color, pH and drip loss were measured on a sample of the longissimus dorsi muscle taken at the level of the 9th or 10th rib with a Minolta measuring device, a stabbing pH meter of the Mettler Toledo brand and a precise measuring scale. Data on Simmental calves of OPG Džakula slaughtered in 2022 was collected from the national control system on slaughter line. The average hot carcass weight was 100,5 kg and the net daily gain was 598g/day. Calf yield was 54.6%. Values of pH24h and meat color (46.15; 22.37; 6.58) are favorable. The ratios of the masses of the primary sections of the front and rear quarters are 2:1. The conducted research points to the favorable quality characteristics of the carcasses and meat of Simmental calves from organic farming
Analysis of the production of winter wheat and winter malting barley at OPG Šokić
No full textPšenica i ječam su najvažnije strne žitarice u strukturi proizvodnje u Hrvatskoj, a koje
se mogu proizvoditi u različitim sustavima ratarske proizvodnje. Na OPG Šokić tradicionalno
se proizvode ove dvije kulture, a ostvareni prinosi zrna su u većini godina manji od planiranih.
Stoga je glavni cilj rada bio analizirati proizvodnju ozime pšenice i pivarskog ječma u svrhu
utvrđivanja glavnih limitirajućih čimbenika za formiranje visokih prinosa zrna. U vegetacijskoj
sezoni 2021./2022. na OPG-u Šokić uzgojeno je nekoliko domaćih i stranih sorata ozime
pšenice, a u proizvodnji ozimog pivarskog ječma uzgojena je introducirana sorta Casanova. U
tehnologiji proizvodnje strnih žitarica primijenjene su tradicionalne agrotehničke mjere na
gospodarstvu te alternativni zahvati poput primjene regulatora rasta. Standardnim metodama
utvrđena su najvažnija agronomska i gospodarska svojstva za ječam i pšenicu. Tradicijski
sustav proizvodnje rezultirao je u prinosu pivarskog ječma od prosječno 5,7 t/ha. Nadalje,
sadržaj proteina je bio jako nizak (u prosjeku svega oko 9,8 %), što jasno ukazuje na nedostatnu
opskrbu usjeva dušikom tijekom vegetacije. Primjena novih tehnologija u pivarskom ječmu
poput povećanih doza gnojidbe dušikom i regulatora rasta rezultirala je u većim prinosima zrna
i smanjenom polijeganju usjeva te povećanom sadržaju proteina u zrnu pivarskog ječma. Za
ozimu pšenicu primjenom tradicionalne agrotehnike ostvaren je prosječni prinos zrna od 6,4
t/ha, dok je prosječni sadržaj proteina iznosio 9,7%, a hektolitarska masa 82,3 kg. Najviše
prinose ostvarila je sorta Rubisko (7,9 t/ha) uslijed najmanjih šteta od prekomjerne vlažnosti
tla, a što je glavni limitirajući čimbenik visokih prinosa na OPG Šokić. Kao i kod ječma, sadržaj
dušika u zrnu ukazuje na nedovoljno opskrbljenost usjeva dušika tijekom vegetacije odnosno
primjenu preniskih doza gnojidbe dušikom.Wheat and barley are the most important winter cereals in the cropping systems of
Croatia, which can be produced under various production systems. OPG Šokić traditionally
grows these two crops, and in most years grain yields are smaller than planned. Therefore, the
main goal was to analyze the agronomic practices and operations for the production of winter
wheat and malting barley in order to determine the main limiting factors for the formation of
high grain yields. In the growing season of 2021/2022. at OPG Šokić, several domestic and
introduced varieties of winter wheat, and introduced variety Casanova in the production of
winter malting barley were grown. Traditional agronomic practices and operations were applied
on the farm as well as alternative practices such as the application of plant growth regulator.
Standard methods were used to determine the most important agronomic and economic traits
of barley and wheat crops. The traditional production system resulted in an average yield of 5.7
t/ha for malting barley. Furthermore, grain protein content was very low (only about 9.8% on
average), which clearly indicates insufficient supply of nitrogen to crops during the growing
season. The application of new technologies in malting barley, such as the increased rates of
nitrogen fertilization and the application of plant growth regulator brought about higher grain
yields and reduced crop lodging, as well as an increased grain protein content in malting barley.
For winter wheat crop grown under traditional production system, an average grain yield of 6.4
t/ha was achieved, while the grain protein content averaged 9.7%, and the test weight was 82.3
kg. The highest grain yields were produced by the variety Rubisko (7.9 t/ha) due to the smallest
damage from waterlogging, which is the main limiting factor for achieving high grain yields at
OPG Šokić. Similar to barley production, the small grain protein content indicated insufficient
nitrogen supply during the growing season primarily due to low rates of nitrogen top-dressing
Effect of edible coatings on quality of belle peppers
No full textPovrće je svakodnevni dio našeg jelovnika zbog toga što je bogato mineralima, vitaminima, antioksidansima, prehrambenim vlaknima i ostalim bioaktivnim sastojcima koji su iznimno važni za naš organizam. S toga je cilj da nam namirnice što dulje budu u svježem stanju bez gubitka kvalitete. Pakiranja u kojoj većina današnjih plodova paprike dolazi na tržite nisu ekološki prihvatljiva s toga je cilj napraviti ekološki prihvatljivo pakiranje, kao što su jestivi omotači. Kitozan kao polisaharid ima široku primjenu kao jestivi omotač zbog svojih antimikrobnih svojstava. Tretiranje plodova kitozanom moglo bi doprinijeti održavanju kvalitete paprike. U ovom radu ispitan je utjecaj jestivog omotača od kitozana na kemijska svojstva plodova zvonolike paprike. Obloženim plodovima paprike i kontrolnim uzorcima određivan je gubitak mase, te sadržaj ukupnih fenola, ukupnih flavonoida te ukupnih karotenoida.Vegetables are almost daily part of our menu because they are rich of minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, dietary fibers and other bioactive ingredients that are extremely important to our body. Our goal is to keep our food fresh for as long as possible without loss of quality. Packages in which most of today's pepper fruits come to the market are not environmentally friendly the aim is to make environmentally friendly packaging, such as edible coatings. Chitosan as polysaccharide is widely used as an edible coating due to its antimicrobial properties. The treatment of chitosane fruits could contribute to maintaining the quality of the peppers. In this paper, the influence of the edible chitosane coating on the chemical properties of the babura pepper fruit was studied. The following chemical parameters were measured for the coated pepper fruits and those that were not subjected to the coating: total phenol content, flavonoid content and carotenoids content. Additional fruits were subjected to weight loss measurements
Effect of coherent radiation on the germination of wheat
No full textPšenica je jedna od najpopularnijih žitarica na svijetu. Klijavost je jedan od najvažnijih pokazatelja kakvoće sjemena. Danas se s ciljem proizvodnje što kvalitetnijeg sjemenskog materijala koriste razne tehnologije od kojih većina može izazvati negativne posljedice za ljudsko zdravlje i okoliš. Kao alternativno rješenje za povećanje fiziološke kvalitete sjemena može se koristiti elektromagnetsko zračenje u vidu koherentnog svjetla. Laseri kao izvor koherentnog zračenja imaju široku primjenu u suvremenoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji u pogledu poboljšanja efikasnosti i produktivnosti, smanjenja troškova i negativnog utjecaja na okoliš. Laseri kao biostimulatori predaju biljnim stanicama dodatnu energiju u vidu koherentnog zračenja što za posljedicu ima pozitivan utjecaj na energiju klijanja i standardnu klijavost sjemenskog materijala. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi mogućnost primjene laserskog zračenja kao stimulatora klijavosti sjemena pšenice. Sjeme pšenice je tretirano s 3 različita lasera izlaznih snaga od 100mw, 200mw i 500mw. Laserski tretmani provedeni su u trajanju od 30, 60 i 120 sekundi. Svaki tretman proveden je u 3 ponavljanja. Pri provedbi tretmana sjeme je pozicionirano direktno ispod raspršenog snopa koherentne svjetlosti, unutar osvijetljenog područja. Količina isporučene energije kontrolirana je trajanjem izloženosti sjemena svjetlu lasera. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti da je najpovoljniji utjecaj na energiju klijanja i standardnu klijavost pokazao tretman 100 mW laserom. Tretman laserskim zračenjem od 200 mW u trajanju od 30, 60 i 120 s te 500 mW u trajanju od 60 i 120 s nije pozitivno utjecao na klijanje, već da je uzrokovao smanjenje energije klijanja i standardne klijavost. Kako bi se lasersko zračenje moglo uspješno koristiti u području biostimulacije, nužno je istražiti i pronaći ravnotežni ishod između izlazne snage lasera, fokusiranja laserskog snopa, vremena tretiranja materijala i biološkog efekta procesa.Wheat is one of the most popular cereals in the world. Germination is one of the most important indicators of seed quality. With the goal of producing the highest quality seed, various technologies are used today, most of which can have negative consequences for human health and the environment. Electromagnetic radiation in the form of coherent light can be used as an alternative solution to increase the physiological quality of seeds. Lasers as a source of coherent radiation are widely used in modern agricultural production to increase efficiency and productivity, lower costs, and reduce negative impacts on the environment. Lasers as biostimulators provide additional energy to plant cells in the form of coherent radiation, which has a positive effect on germination energy and standard seed germination. The aim of this work was to determine the possibility of using laser radiation as a stimulator for wheat seed germination. Wheat seeds were treated with 3 different lasers with output powers of 100mw, 200mw and 500mw. The laser treatments lasted for 30, 60 and 120 seconds. Each treatment was performed in 3 repetitions. During the treatment, the seed is positioned directly under the scattering beam of coherent light within the illuminated area. The amount of energy delivered is controlled by the duration of irradiation of the seed with laser light. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the treatment with a 100 mW laser had the most favorable effect on germination energy and standard germination. Treatment with laser radiation of 200 mW for durations of 30, 60 and 120 s and 500 mW for durations of 60 and 120 s had no beneficial effect on germination, but caused a decrease in germination energy and standard germination. In order for laser radiation to be used successfully in the field of biostimulation, a balance between the output power of the laser, the focusing of the laser beam, the treatment duration of the material, and the biological effect of the process must be investigated and found
The effect of nutrient solution concetration on the chemical composition and yield of wild rocket in a floating hydropon
No full textDivlja riga (Diplotaxis tenuifolia L.) je samonikla biljna vrsta iz porodice krstašica, a uzgaja se zbog aromatičnih i pikantnih listova. S obzirom na porast potražnje za ovom vrstom, sve je rašireniji njezin uzgoj u hidroponskom uzgoju kako bi se eliminirali problemi konvencionalnog uzgoja na tlu s ciljem postizanja veće nutritivne vrijednosti i većeg prinosa uz smanjenje troškova proizvodnje. No nabava vodotopivih soli za pripremu hranive otopine predstavlja velik udio u troškovima hidroponskog uzgoja. Stoga je potrebno istražiti mogućnost smanjenja koncentracije hraniva u otopini bez negativnog utjecaja na nutritivnu vrijednost i prinos divlje rige. U istraživanju su testirane tri koncentracije (25, 50 i 100 %) standardne hranive otopine za uzgoj lisnatog povrća. Najveća količina suhe tvari (12,65 %), vitamina C (113,86 mg/100 g svježe tvari), ukupnih fenola (158,87 mg GAE/100 g svježe tvari), flavonoida (61,41 mg GAE /100 g svježe tvari), neflavonoida (97,46 mg GAE/100 g svježe tvari), ukupnih klorofila i karotenoida (0,51 i 0,125 mg/g svježe tvari) utvrđeni su u listovima divlje rige uzgojene u 100 %-tnoj koncentriranoj hranivoj otopini. Najveći prinos listova (3,18 kg/m2) zabilježen je pri uzgoju divlje rige u otopini s 50 %-tnom koncentracijom hraniva.Wild rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia L.) is a wild plant species from the Brassicacea family that is cultivated for its aromatic and spicy leaves. Considering the increasing demand for this species, its hydroponic cultivation is becoming more popular to eliminate the problems of conventional soil cultivation and achieve higher nutritional value and yields while reducing production costs. However, the purchase of water-soluble salts for the preparation of the nutrient solution accounts for a large part of the cost of hydroponic cultivation. Therefore, it is necessary to research the possibility of reducing the concentration of nutrients in the solution without negatively affecting the nutritional value and yield of wild rocket. In the research, three concentrations (25, 50 and 100%) of the standard nutrient solution for growing leafy vegetables were tested. The highest amount of dry matter (12.65%), vitamin C (113.86 mg/100 g fresh matter), total phenols (158.87 mg GAE /100 g fresh matter), flavonoids (61.41 mg GAE /100 g fresh matter), non-flavonoids (97.46 mg GAE /100 g fresh matter), total chlorophyll and carotenoids (0.51 and 0.125 mg/g fresh matter) were determined in leaves of wild rocket grown in 100% concentrated nutrient solution. The highest yield of leaves (3.18 kg/m2) was obtained when wild rocket was grown in a solution with a nutrient concentration of 50%
Koncentracije Fe, Zn i Cu u krvi lakon ovce u ranom stadiju laktacije
No full textU Republici Hrvatskoj povećan je interes uzgajivača za lakon ovcom. Cilj rada je utvrditi koncentracije Fe, Zn i Cu u krvi lakon ovce u ranom stadiju laktacije i usporediti ih s drugim rezultatima istraživanja. Istraživanje je provedeno na 30 ovaca prosječne dobi od 4 godine u u trećoj laktaciji tj., ranom stadiju laktacije. Utvrđene prosječne koncentracije Fe, Zn i Cu (2,81, 0,91 i 0,97 mg L-1) u krvi lakon ovaca nisu značajnije odstupale u usporedbi s dosadašnjim rezultatima. Nije utvrđena značajna korelacija između količine utvrđenih mikroelemenata u krvi lakon ovce u ranom stadiju laktacije. Nešto viša koncentracija Fe u krvi ukazuje na obrok bogat Fe, ali i promjenama u metabolizmu Fe s obzirom na pojačanu sintezu mlijeka i veći genetski potencijal za mliječnost lakon ovce
Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of Teran red wine: influence of pre-fermentative mash procedures
No full textSix vinification treatments, including control treatment (K7) were carried out to investigate: the impact of 48-h pre-fermentative mash cooling (8 °C) followed by 13-days maceration (C15), 28- days maceration (C30) and saignée technique (CS15) ; and the impact of 48-h heating (50 °C) followed by 13-days maceration (H15) and 28 days (H30) on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity (AC) in Teran wines. TPC was analysed by a method based on Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and AC was determined by FRAP and ORAC assay. The results showed higher TPC and AC in all treatments compared to the control wine (K7). The highest TPC was found after saignée technique applied (CS15). Pre-fermentative heating and 30-day maceration treatment (H30) showed the strongest antioxidant capacity, with both FRAP and ORAC assay
Ponašanje potrošača u konzumaciji kozjeg mlijeka i mliječnih proizvoda
No full textU svrhu utvrđivanja potrošačkih navika u pogledu kozjeg mlijeka i proizvoda od kozjeg mlijeka provedeno je online anketno ispitivanje 353 ispitanika. Gotovo polovica (47, 9%) ispitanika ne konzumira kozje mlijeko, 30, 8% ispitanika ne konzumira kozji sir, dok ih čak 60, 9% ne konzumira ostale mliječne proizvode. Pritom žene rjeđe konzumiraju mlijeko, kozji sir i druge kozje proizvode od muškaraca. Potrošači najčešće kupuju kozje proizvode u supermarketima, kao i izravno na gospodarstvima koja se bave uzgojem koza, dok je način nabave kozjeg sira pod značajnim utjecajem mjesta odrastanja. Najčešći razlog nekonzumacije kozjeg mlijeka, sira i mliječnih proizvoda su miris, okus i aroma tih proizvoda (39%), dok 37% ispitanika nije imalo prilike konzumirati kozje proizvode
Influence of a dry year on the Virginia mallow energy properties
No full textThis paper is based on the energy characteristics of Virginia mallow (Sida hermaphrodita L. Rusby) with the correlation of harvest time and dry year. Virginia mallow attracts attention as an energy crop due to the additional benefits it brings with it, such as: possibility of conversion into different forms of energy, highly attractive for pollinators due to the long flowering season, improvement of soil quality, phytoremediation and according to some research there is a small possibility of invasiveness. Since the natural habitat of Virginia mallow is wet habitats, there is possible sensitivity to drought. Virginia mallow is interesting because as a crop it can be vital from 10 to even 20 years. In addition to its versatility, it also offers valuable energy properties as a permanent crop. Average higher heating value of Virginia mallow obtained by research was 18.06 MJ/kg. There is a valuable possibility that should be taken, in form of good possibility for energy utilization combined with preservation of t
Impacts, threats, and potential benefits of invasive plant species
No full textVast migrations caused the first movement of plants and animals from one region to another, along with the seeds of food crops and livestock. Most of these species, especially invasive ones, have significant direct and indirect impacts on the economy, agriculture, and health. Monitoring and controlling invasive alien species is estimated to cost billions of dollars annually worldwide. After habitat destruction, climate change, and pollution, invasive alien species are one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. A fraction of the money spent on monitoring, controlling, and eradicating invasive alien species could be recouped by integrating these species into the circular economy, generating value-added products or energy, and obtaining high-value specialized metabolites