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Analysis of the longitudinal water level slope in the Vidrice drainage canal during pumping
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se analizom korelacije između uzdužnog nagiba vodostaja u odvodnom
kanalu Vidrice i uvjeta crpljenja, s posebnim naglaskom na optimizaciju upravljanja vodnim
resursima unutar poldera u dolini Neretve. Polderi poput Vidrice suočavaju se s problemima
povezanim s upravljanjem vodom, prvenstveno zbog sezonskih varijacija u dotoku površinskih
i podzemnih voda te prodora slane vode iz Jadranskog mora. U okviru istraživanja prikupljeni
su podaci o vodostaju s četiri hidrološke stanice smještene duž glavnog kanala Vidrice. Na
temelju tih podataka, analizirane su promjene u vodostaju i brzini površinskog toka u različitim
godišnjim dobima, čime je omogućeno precizno praćenje uzdužnog nagiba vodostaja.
Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da postoji značajna povezanost između protoka crpki i
uzdužnog nagiba vodostaja u kanalu, pri čemu su najizraženije fluktuacije u nagibu zabilježene
tijekom proljetnog i jesenskog perioda, kada je dotok vode najintenzivniji. Nadalje, analiza je
otkrila da sezonske promjene u dotoku vode i intruzija slane vode značajno utječu na
stabilnost vodostaja i nagib kanala. Identificirani su faktori koji utječu na ove promjene, kao
što su rad crpnih stanica, sezonske oborine i promjene u režimu rada sustava. Na temelju
dobivenih rezultata, predložene su smjernice za optimizaciju rada crpnih stanica, s ciljem
smanjenja negativnih utjecaja na sustav odvodnje, sprječavanja zaslanjivanja tla te
osiguravanja stabilnih uvjeta za poljoprivrednu proizvodnju u dolini Neretve.This master's thesis focuses on the analysis of the longitudinal water level slope in the Vidrice
drainage canal during pumping, with a particular emphasis on optimizing water resource
management within the polder in the Neretva Valley. Polders like Vidrice face challenges
related to water management, primarily due to seasonal variations in surface and
groundwater inflow, as well as the intrusion of saltwater from the Adriatic Sea. The study
collected data from four hydrological stations located along the main canal of Vidrice. Based
on this data, changes in water levels and surface flow velocity were analysed across different
seasons, allowing for precise monitoring of the longitudinal water level slope.
The research results revealed a significant correlation between pump flow rates and the
longitudinal slope of the water level in the canal, with the most pronounced slope fluctuations
occurring during the spring and autumn periods when water inflow is at its peak. Furthermore,
the analysis showed that seasonal changes in water inflow and saltwater intrusion significantly
affect the stability of water levels and the canal slope. Key factors influencing these changes
were identified, including the operation of pumping stations, seasonal rainfall, and changes in
the system's operational regime.
Based on the findings, guidelines for optimizing the operation of pumping stations were
proposed to reduce negative impacts on the drainage system, prevent soil salinization, and
ensure stable conditions for agricultural production in the Neretva Valley
Ecology of algae and higher plants of the Adriatic Sea
No full textZavršni rad prikazuje ekološke i gospodarske aspekte algi i viših biljaka Jadranskog mora.
Poseban naglasak stavljen je na njihovu biološku raznolikost, ulogu u morskim ekosustavima
te ugroze poput invazivnih vrsta i degradacije staništa. Opisane su glavne skupine algi – crvene,
smeđe i zelene – te četiri vrste morskih cvjetnica, među kojima se ističe Posidonia oceanica.
Analizirane su i aktualne inicijative u Hrvatskoj i svijetu usmjerene na njihovo očuvanje i
održivu upotrebu. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da alge i morske cvjetnice imaju značajan ekološki
i ekonomski potencijal, ali i da su podložne utjecajima klimatskih promjena i ljudskih
aktivnosti. Istaknute su preporuke za daljnji razvoj akvakulture algi te potreba za boljom
zaštitom ključnih staništa kao što su livade Posidonia oceanica.The final thesis presents the ecological and economic aspects of algae and higher plants in the
Adriatic Sea. Special emphasis is placed on their biological diversity, ecological role in marine
ecosystems, and threats such as invasive species and habitat degradation. The main groups of
algae – red, brown, and green – as well as four species of seagrasses, with Posidonia oceanica
being the most prominent, are described. Current initiatives in Croatia and globally aimed at
their conservation and sustainable use are also analyzed. The research confirms that algae and
seagrasses possess significant ecological and economic potential, yet they are increasingly
vulnerable to climate change and anthropogenic pressures. The thesis highlights
recommendations for the further development of algae aquaculture and the importance of
better protecting key habitats such as Posidonia oceanica meadows
The potential of the development of the equestrian center in order to sustain the rural areas of Istria County
No full textU kontekstu potrebe za revitalizacijom ruralnih područja i diversifikacijom njihovih gospodarskih aktivnosti, ovaj diplomski rad istražuje mogućnost uspostave konjičkog centra u Istarskoj županiji kao instrumenta održivog ruralnog razvoja. Unutrašnjost Istre, unatoč prirodnim resursima i povoljnom geografskom položaju, suočava se s izazovima demografskog opadanja i nedovoljnom valorizacijom multifunkcionalne poljoprivrede. Konjički centri, kao modeli koji objedinjuju sport, rekreaciju, edukaciju i turizam, mogu pružiti nove razvojne impulse u takvim sredinama. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi potencijal uspostave konjičkog centra u regiji te analizirati njegovu moguću ulogu u jačanju lokalne zajednice, ruralnog gospodarstva i turističke ponude uvažavajući potrebe korisnika i lokalnih uvjeta. U istraživanju je primijenjena kombinacija kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih metoda prikupljanja i obrade podataka kako bi se ispitali stavovi i potrebe ciljne populacije. Provedeno je anketno istraživanje na uzorku od 173 ispitanika, pretežno aktivnih jahača, vlasnika konja i članova konjičkih klubova s područja Istre, putem online obrasca objavljenog na društvenim mrežama. Paralelno su provedeni polustrukturirani intervjui s osam relevantnih dionika iz javnog, znanstvenog, turističkog i sportskog sektora. Analiza podataka uključivala je deskriptivne statistike i kvalitativnu analizu sadržaja, uz primjenu SWOT i TOWS metodologije. Rezultati pokazuju izrazito visok stupanj interesa i podrške potencijalnom osnivanju konjičkog centra, osobito za aktivnosti poput jahanja, treninga, natjecanja i edukacije. Ispitanici intervjua posebno su istaknuli dobar geografski položaj Istre, blizinu tržišta i blagu klimu kao strateške prednosti osnivanja konjičkog centra. Međutim, identificirane su prepreke povezane s financiranjem, institucionalnom podrškom i kadrovskim resursima. Na temelju rezultata izrađen je model razvoja konjičkog centra koji uključuje infrastrukturne, organizacijske i financijske komponente. Rezultati ukazuju na postojanje jasne društvene i gospodarske potrebe za multifunkcionalnim konjičkim centrom. Praktični doprinos rada ogleda se u definiranju konkretnih smjernica koje mogu poslužiti kao temelj za daljnju razradu projekta, izradu investicijske dokumentacije i razvoj javnih politika na lokalnoj i županijskoj razini.In the context of the growing need to revitalize rural areas and diversify their economic activities, this thesis explores the potential establishment of an equestrian center in the Istria County as a tool for sustainable rural development. Despite its natural resources and favorable geographical location, the Istrian hinterland faces challenges such as demographic decline and underutilization of multifunctional agriculture. Equestrian centers, which integrate sport, recreation, education, and tourism, can provide new developmental stimuli in such environments. The main aim of the research was to assess the feasibility of establishing such a center in the region and to analyze its potential role in strengthening the local community, rural economy, and tourism offer taking into account the needs of users and local conditions The research applied a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis in order to examine the attitudes and needs of the target population. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 173 respondents, mostly active riders, horse owners, and members of equestrian clubs in Istria, through an online form published on social media. In parallel, eight semi-structured interviews were held with key stakeholders from the public, scientific, tourism, and sports sectors. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis, along with SWOT and TOWS methodology. The findings indicate a very high level of public interest and support for the potential establishment of an equestrian center, especially for activities such as riding, training, competitions, and education. Interviewees emphasized Istria’s favorable geographical location, proximity to markets, and mild climate as strategic advantages. Identified obstacles included financing, institutional support, and human resources. Based on the results, a development model for an equestrian center was created that includes infrastructural, organizational, and financial components. The results confirm the strong social and economic need for such a multifunctional center of this kind. The practical contribution of this thesis lies in the formulation of concrete recommendations, which can serve as a basis for further project elaboration, investment planning, and the development of public policies at the local and county level
The use of digital technologies in beekeeping
No full textU suvremenom pčelarstvu digitalne tehnologije zauzimaju sve značajnije
mjesto, osobito u okviru preciznog pčelarstva koje omogućuje nadzor pčelinjih
zajednica i okolišnih čimbenika. Ručni pregledi zajednica remete prirodne uvjete i
pčelinje aktivnosti, što je potaknulo razvoj sustava za automatizirano nadziranje. Stoga
se za ovu namjenu koriste digitalne tehnologije kojima je moguće pratiti temperaturu i
relativnu vlažnost zraka, masu pčelinje zajednice, kao i zvučne signale unutar i izvan
košnice. Praćenjem navedenih pokazatelja moguće je pravovremeno uočiti
poremećaje u zajednici, poput gubitka matice, prijetnje rojenjem, bolesti i sl., čime se
pčelarima štedi vrijeme i smanjuje broj nepotrebnih pregleda. Time se ne samo
optimizira rad, već se i smanjuju troškovi tretmana, prihrane i gubitaka, uz relativno
niska početna ulaganja. Stoga digitalne tehnologije time ne zamjenjuju znanje i
iskustvo pčelara, već ih nadopunjuju i čine učinkovitijima.In modern beekeeping, digital technologies are playing an increasingly important
role, especially within the framework of precision beekeeping, which enables the
monitoring of bee colonies and environmental factors. Manual inspections of colonies
disrupt natural conditions and bee activity, which has driven the development of
automated monitoring systems. For this purpose, digital technologies are used to track
temperature, relative humidity, the weight of the colony, and sound signals inside and
outside the hive. By monitoring these indicators, it is possible to detect disruptions in
the colony—such as queen loss, swarming threats, diseases, etc.—in a timely manner,
saving beekeepers time and reducing the number of unnecessary inspections. This
not only optimizes operations but also lowers the costs of treatment, feeding, and
losses, with relatively low initial investments. Thus, digital technologies do not replace
the knowledge and experience of beekeepers but complement and enhance them
Evaluation of the antifungal activity of african baobab bark extract (Adansonia digitata) on the development of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani
No full textSve više istraživanja potvrđuje značaj biljnih ekstrakata u inhibiciji fitopatogenih gljiva pa je tako u središtu interesa otkriti što više učinkovitih i ekološki opravdanih ekstrakata, kao alternativu kemijsim sredstvima za suzbijanje biljnih patogena. Cilj istraživanja je testiranje učinka ekstrakta kore afričkog baobaba (Adansonia digitata) u uvjetima in vitro na rast i razvoj fitopatogene gljive Fusarium solani koja uzrokuje ekonomski značajne štete na poljoprivrednim kulturama. Vodeni ekstrakt kore afričkog baobaba dobiven je provođenjem ekstrakcije potpomognute ultrazvukom, nakon čega su provedeni fitokemijski testovi koji potvrđuju prisutstvo antifungalnih spojeva, kao što su alkaloidi, terpenoidi, glikozidi, flavonoidi i saponini. Rezultati istraživanja antifungalnog učinka ekstrakta metodom poisoned food potvrdili su značajnu inhibiciju rasta patogena Fusarium solani za 75,9 % i 94,3 % kada je pojedinačno uzgojen na hranjivoj podlozi s 3 % i 5 % ekstrakta. Mikroskopskom analizom patogena, uočen je neobičan obrazac grananja hifa, njihove deformacije, skraćivanje i zadebljanje nakon sedmodnevnog rasta na podlozi s 5 % ekstrakta. Dobiveni rezultati impliciraju potencijal Adansonia digitata kao izvor antifungalnih spojeva za buduću primjenu u biološkom suzbijanju testirane fitopatogene gljive.More and more studies confirm the importance of plant extracts in the inhibition of phytopathogenic fungi, so the center of interest is to discover as many effective and ecologically justified extracts as an alternative to chemical agens for controlling plant pathogens. The aim of the study is to test the effect of the African baobab (Adansonia digitata) bark extract in vitro on the growth and development of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani, which causes economically significant damage to agricultural crops. Aqueous extract of African baobab bark was obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction, after which phytochemical tests were performed to confirm the presence of antifungal compounds, such as alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and saponins. The results of water extract antifungal effect using the poisoned food method confirmed a significant inhibition of the Fusarium solani growth by 75.9% and 94.3% when it was grown individually on a medium with 3 % and 5 % extract. Microscopic analysis of the pathogen revealed an unusual pattern of hyphae branching, their deformation, shortening and thickening after seven days of growth on a medium with 5 % extract. The obtained results imply the potential of Adansonia digitata as a source of antifungal compounds for the future application in the biological control of the tested phytopathogenic fungus
Modeling moisture content and grain sphericity after different drying treatments
No full textU ovom radu istražen je utjecaj različitih metoda sušenja na sadržaj vlage i sferičnost zrna
kukuruza, pšenice i ječma. Korištenjem umjetnih neuronskih mreža razvijeni su matematički
modeli koji učinkovito predviđaju promjene vlage i sferičnosti zrna nakon različitih metoda
sušenja. Provedena su laboratorijska istraživanja primjenom konvekcijskog, podtlačnog i
sušenja u fluidnom sloju pri različitim temperaturama. Rezultati su pokazali da neuronske
mreže pružaju precizna predviđanja navedenih parametara te predstavljaju učinkovit alat za
optimizaciju procesa sušenja.This paper investigates the effect of various drying methods on the moisture content and
sphericity of corn, wheat, and barley grains. Using artificial neural networks, mathematical
models were developed to effectively predict changes in moisture content and grain sphericity
following different drying methods. Laboratory experiments were conducted using convective,
vacuum, and fluidized bed drying at different temperatures. The results showed that neural
networks provide accurate predictions of the observed parameters and represent an efficient
tool for optimizing the drying process
Biostimulators as stress alleviating factors in vine
No full textPrimjena biostimulatora (BS) predstavlja suvremeni i sve značajniji pristup unutar održive vinogradarske proizvodnje. S jedne strane, koriste se kao sredstvo u suzbijanju biljnih bolesti i štetnika, dok s druge strane služe kao poboljšivači svojstava tla te predstavljaju održivu alternativu konvencionalnim metodama gnojidbe i ishrane vinove loze. Svrha ovog rada jest prikazati različite mogućnosti primjene biostimulatora u vinogradarstvu, s posebnim naglaskom na njihove povoljne učinke na rast i razvoj vinove loze, kao i na kemijski sastav grožđa.The use of biostimulants (BS) represents a modern and increasingly important approach within sustainable viticulture. On one hand, they are applied as agents for the suppression of plant diseases and pests, while on the other hand, they serve as soil enhancers and represent a sustainable alternative to conventional fertilization and grapevine nutrition practices. The aim of this paper is to present various possibilities for the application of biostimulants in viticulture, with particular emphasis on their beneficial effects on grapevine growth and development, as well as on the chemical composition of grape berries
Phenology of the haskap varieties growing in the area of the city of Samobor
No full textLonicera caerulea je višegodišnja drvenasta stranooplodna biljna vrsta koja pripada porodici Caprifoliaceae te se sastoji od preko 180 sorata, a zove se još i haskap, sibirska borovnica i majska jagoda. Uzgaja se na području Europe, Rusije, Japana, Kine i Kanade zbog svjetlo do tamno plavih plodova dugih 1-2 i širokih 1 cm. Kada dosegne punu rodnost, grm rodi do 8 kg plodova. U mirovanju podnosi temperature do -40 °C, a u cvatnji do -7 °C. Dozrijeva u svibnju i lipnju. Bogata je antocijanima, kalijem, kalcijem i magnezijem te ima antioksidativna svojstva. U radu je prikazan ulazak sorata ‘Boreal Beauty’, ‘Boreal Blizzard’, ‘Boreal Beast’ i ‘Aurora’, u pojedinu fenofazu prema prilagođenoj BBCH skali u voćnjaku OPG-a Babojelić Ivica na području grada Samobora u razdoblju od 19.3.2025. do 11.6.2025. s ciljem utvrđivanja razlika u fenofazama ove četiri sorte.Lonicera caerulea is a perennial woody self-pollinating plant species that belongs to the Caprifoliaceae family and it consists of more than 180 varieties, it is also called haskap, siberian blueberry and May strawberry. It is cultivated in Europe, Russia, Japan, China and Canada because of its light to dark blue fruits long 1-2 cm and wide 1 cm. When in fruitfulness, a bush can make up to 8 kg of fruits. In dormancy, it can bear up to -40 °C and in full bloom up to -7 °C, it ripens in May and June. The fruit is full of anthocyanins, potassium, calcium and magnesium and it has antioxidative properties. In this work there is shown the entering of varieties ‘Boreal Beauty’, ‘Boreal Blizzard’, ‘Boreal Beast’ and ‘Aurora’ in different phenological stages according to the adjusted BBCH scale in the orchard of OPG Babojelić Ivica in the area of the city of Samobor from 19.3.2025. to 11.6.2025. with the objective to establish the differences in the phenology of this four varieties
The role of social networks in the intention of consumers to buy organic food products
No full textU posljednje vrijeme raste potražnja za ekološkim prehrambenim proizvodima, a društvene mreže igraju sve važniju ulogu u oblikovanju potrošačkih stavova i preferencija. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj dostupnosti informacija na društvenim mrežama na namjeru kupnje ekoloških prehrambenih proizvoda. Online anketno istraživanje provedeno je na uzorku od 250 ispitanika u Republici Hrvatskoj. Rezultati su pokazali da više od polovice ispitanika povremeno kupuje ekološke proizvode, najčešće voće, povrće i jaja. Većina koristi društvene mreže, a 27 % povremeno primjećuje sadržaj vezan uz ekološke proizvode. Utvrđeno je da pozitivni stavovi prema ekološkim proizvodima povećavaju namjeru njihove kupnje, a T-test je pokazao da redoviti korisnici društvenih mreža imaju nešto izraženiju namjeru kupnje u odnosu na povremene korisnike iako ta razlika nije statistički značajna.
Dobiveni rezultati mogu poslužiti proizvođačima i trgovcima ekoloških proizvoda za učinkovitije korištenje društvenih mreža u komunikaciji s potrošačima.Recently, the demand for organic food has increased and social networks are playing an increasingly important role in shaping consumer attitudes and preferences. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the availability of information on social networks on the purchase intention for organic food. An online survey was conducted with a sample of 250 respondents in the Republic of Croatia. The results showed that more than half of the respondents occasionally buy organic products, most frequently fruit, vegetables and eggs. The majority use social networks, and 27% occasionally view content about organic products. A positive attitude towards organic products was found to increase purchase intention, and the T-test showed that regular users of social networks have a slightly higher purchase intention than occasional users, although this difference is not statistically significant. The results obtained can be used by manufacturers and retailers of organic products to utilise social networks more effectively to communicate with consumers
Income and costs in christmas trees production on a family farm
No full textRad analizira ekonomske aspekte proizvodnje božićnih drvaca na OPG-u Dalibor Josipović. Korištenjem stvarnih podataka iz razdoblja 2023.–2025., prikazani su troškovi sadnog materijala, mehanizacije, radne snage te prihodi od prodaje. Ukupna ulaganja iznose 130.524 €, dok je prag rentabilnosti 1.183 drvaca, a trenutačna proizvodnja je oko 1.600 drvaca. Neto sadašnja vrijednost projekta je pozitivna, a ekonomičnost je 1,10. Rentabilnost dohotka i dobiti su pozitivni, što potvrđuje isplativost ulaganja. Zaključno, proizvodnja božićnih drvaca na obiteljskom gospodarstvu je održiva, profitabilna i ima potencijal za daljnji razvoj.The paper analyzes the economic aspects of Christmas tree production on the Josipović family farm. Using real data from 2023–2025, it examines costs such as planting material, mechanization, and labor, as well as sales revenue. Total investment amounts to €130,524, while the break-even point is 1.183 trees, and current production exceeds around 1.600 trees. The project's net present value is positive, and the cost-effectiveness ratio is 1,10. Both income and profit profitability are positive, confirming the investment's viability. In conclusion, Christmas tree production on the family farm is sustainable, profitable, and has strong potential for further development