Repository Faculty of Agriculture University of Zagreb
Not a member yet
3827 research outputs found
Sort by
Seasonal impact on biochemical, structural and fatty acid properties of Mediterranean scallop Pecten jacobaeus (Linnaeus, 1758) tissues from the Northern Adriatic
No full textJakovljeva kapica (Pecten jacobaeus, L.) endemski je školjkaš u Mediteranu. Prirodno se u većem broju pojavljuje samo u sjevernom Jadranu. Na području sjeverozapadne Istre jakovljeva kapica relativno je čest nalaz i lovi se u komercijalne svrhe. Poznavanje fiziološkog statusa jakovljeve kapice analizom biokemijskih, lipidnih i masnokiselinskih značajki pojedinih tkiva te histološkog statusa tijekom sezona važno je radi njezina očuvanja u prirodnom okolišu te mogućeg uzgoja. U tkivima gonada ustanovljena je sezonalna varijacija razvojnih stadija te produženi reproduktivni ciklus s dva razdoblja mrijesta. Dokazana je značajna uloga energetskih metabolita i lipida u otpornosti kapica na stres prouzročen temperaturnim ekstremima. Uočeno je smanjenje antioksidativne obrane tijekom hladnih mjeseci, uz nakupljanje produkata lipidne peroksidacije u tkivima. Sastav masnih kiselina jakovljeve kapice razlikuje se između tkiva i sezona te ukazuje na to da je mišić, koji je razlog komercijalne eksploatacije, najbolji za konzumaciju u proljeće i ljeto, jer je zbroj nezasićenih masnih kiselina (MUFA i PUFA) mišića veći od 50 % u ukupnim lipidima. Omjeri n-3/n-6 masnih kiselina su u tom periodu najveći, a vrijednosti kolesterola i glukoze najniže. Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na to da su uvjeti okoliša (temperatura mora) i reproduktivno razdoblje glavni procesi koji utječu na sezonalne obrasce biokemijskih i masnokiselinskih parametara jakovljeve kapice.Mediterranean scallop (Pecten jacobaeus, L.) is the endemic bivalve of the Mediterranean. It naturally occurs in larger quantities only in the Northern Adriatic. In the Northwestern Istria, Mediterranean scallop is a relatively common finding, fished for commercial purposes. Overfishing of the species may occur because of a small fishing area and high market value. Knowledge of the physiological status of the Mediterranean scallop through analyzing the biochemical, lipid and fatty acid structure of tissues as well as histological status during the seasons is important for its preservation in the natural environment and possible aquaculture.
The aim of the research was to examine the seasonal impact in both sexes and four tissues (gills, digestive gland, gonads, muscle) on biochemical indicators (concentration of metabolites, proteins/enzymes, electrolytes, antioxidant capacity, status of lipids and fatty acids (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids)) and histological-morphological characteristics.
Shellfish were collected seasonally (spring, summer, autumn and winter) by a bottom trawl three nautical miles off the Western Istria coast. The seabed of covered area was predominantly sandy with maximum depth of 40 meters. Upon hauling, the catch was emptied on the deck, scallops were separated from the rest of the catch, sorted, counted and transported on ice to the coast. There they were inspected for external signs of mechanical damage, wet weighed and measured (total mass of the shellfish, mass of soft tissue, mass of individual organs, length and width of the shell). Based on the measured data, the length-weigth ratio, condition index (IK) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) were calculated. The samples determined for the measurement of biochemical indicators, lipid and fatty acid status were placed in polyethylene bags with sealing strips. After that, the samples were frozen and kept at -86 ˚C. Samples for histological-morphological analyzes were not frozen, but stored in a 4% formalin solution. Hydrographic parameters (sea temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen) were measured during seasons. Four scallop tissues were studied for the selected biochemical properties, antioxidant defenses and free radical scavengers. These included tissue magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TRIG), and cholesterol (CHOL) concentrations, activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), total carotenoid and astaxanthin contents. Total lipids and fatty acids were analyzed in the digestive gland, muscle and gonads. Fatty acids were grouped according to their degree of saturation, as saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids, and as omega-3 (n-3), omega-6 (n-6), and omega-9 (n-9) fatty acids.
The research results indicate that environmental conditions (sea temperature) and the reproductive period are the main processes that influence the seasonal patterns of biochemical and fatty acid parameters of the Mediterranean scallop. Seasonal variation of developmental stages and an extended reproductive cycle showed strong gametogenic and reproductive activity in autumn (gamete maturation) and winter (spawning), with intensification of the gametogenic stage in warm months, when reproductive activity is at maximum, as well as summer spawning. The significant role of energy metabolites and lipids in the resistance of Mediterranean scallops to stress caused by temperature extremes was proven. A decrease in antioxidant defense was observed during the cold months, along with the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in tissues. The carotenoid astaxanthin was the most abundant in the winter months. Given that carotenoids were most numerous in the tissue of the digestive gland, it is most likely that they were ingested through diet. As the energy reserves stored in the muscle are used for gamete development and vary with respect to the availability of food, it is possible to conclude that the catabolism of the muscle reserves did not take place due to the availability of food which was sufficient for both somatogenic and gametogenic growth of scallops. The fatty acid composition of Mediterranean scallop differed between tissues and seasons and indicates that muscle, which is the reason for commercial exploitation of the species, is best for consumption in spring and summer, because the sum of unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA) was greater than 50% in total lipids. The n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratios were the highest in that period, while cholesterol and glucose values were the lowest
Technology of wastewater purification of animal origin using sequenced batch reactor
No full textU ovom radu prikazano je pročišćavanje otpadnih voda životinjskog porijekla,
koje zbog visokih razina organskih tvari, hranjivih sastojaka i patogena predstavljaju
ozbiljnu prijetnju okolišu i javnom zdravlju. Glavni fokus je na procjeni održivosti
primjene tehnologije sekvenciranih šaržnih reaktora (SŠR) kao rješenja za ovaj
problem. U radu se detaljno razmatraju povijesni razvoj i temeljna načela SŠR
tehnologije, analiziraju različite varijacije sustava, biološki procesi i njihova primjena u
praksi.
Posebna pažnja posvećena je učinkovitosti SŠR sustava u pročišćavanju
otpadnih voda životinjskog porijekla, kao i njihovoj usklađenosti s važećim propisima.
Preporučene mjere uključuju implementaciju procesa predpročišćavanja i
unapređenje sustava upravljanja kako bi se osigurala veća učinkovitost i usklađenost
s regulativama.
Tehnologija SŠR pruža pouzdanu metodu za pročišćavanje otpadnih voda, te
se preporučuje nastavak rafiniranja i uključivanje drugih sofisticiranih tehnologija
kako bi se dodatno poboljšala njezina učinkovitost u budućnosti.This paper presents the treatment of wastewater of animal origin, which, due
to high levels of organic substances, nutrients and pathogens, pose a serious threat
to the environment and public health. The main focus is on assessing the viability of
applying the technology of sequenced batch reactors (SBR) as a solution to this
problem. The paper examines in detail the historical development and basic
principles of SBR technology, analyzes different variations of the system, and
biological processes and their application in practice.
Special attention is paid to the efficiency of the SBR system in the treatment of
waste water of animal origin, as well as its compliance with current regulations.
Recommended measures include implementing a pre-treatment process and
improving the management system to ensure greater efficiency and compliance with
regulations.
SBR technology provides a reliable method for wastewater treatment, and it is
recommended to continue refining and incorporating other sophisticated technologies
to further improve its efficiency in the future
Application of autonomous systems in fruit and vine-growing
No full textAutomatizacija i robotizacija agrotehničkih zahvata u poljoprivredi omogućava unapređenje proizvodnje povećanjem kvalitete i kvantitete proizvoda uz mogućnost smanjenja troškova. Zahvaljujući napretku tehnike znatno je smanjen udio ljudskog rada u vinogradarstvu i voćarstvu, stoga autonomni sustavi predstavljaju odgovor na globalan nedostatak radne snage u voćarskoj i vinogradarskoj proizvodnji. U radu je – na temelju kako znanstvene literature, tako i internetskih stranica proizvođača komercijalnih strojeva i članaka na specijaliziranim internetskim portalima – dan prikaz najznačajnijih komercijalnih autonomnih sustava koji se koriste u voćarstvu i vinogradarstvu, uz osvrt na nekoliko eksperimentalnih autonomnih sustava te na zakonske propise u vezi s upravljanjem bespilotnim letjelicama i aplikacijom pesticida iz zraka. Na temelju analize trenutačnog stanja robotizacije proizvodnih procesa može se zaključiti da će daljnji tehnološki razvoj donijeti još veći stupanj automatizacije te autonomije strojeva u vinogradarskoj i voćarskoj proizvodnji.Automation and robotization of agrotechnical operations in agriculture enables the improvement of production by increasing the quality and quantity of products with the possibility of reducing costs. Thanks to the progress of technology, the share of human labour in viticulture and fruit growing has been significantly reduced, therefore autonomous systems represent the answer to the global labor shortage in fruit and viticulture production. The paper gives an overview—on the basis of scientific literature, as well as the websites of manufacturers of commercial autonomous machines and articles on specialized internet portals—of the most important commercial autonomous systems used in fruit growing and viticulture, with an outline of several experimental autonomous systems and of related legal regulations regarding unmanned aerial vehicle control and aerial pesticide application. Based on the analysis of the current state of robotization of production processes, it can be concluded that further technological development will bring an even greater degree of automation and autonomy of machines in viticulture and fruit production
Effect of reduced doses of thiencarbazone-methyl and phenolic acids on the germination of ambrosia (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)
No full textPoljoprivredna proizvodnja suočava se s mnogim pritiscima, uključujući smanjenje
kemijskih sredstava za zaštitu bilja. Suzbijanje korova zahtijeva nove, učinkovite mjere s
povoljnijim ekotoksikološkim svojstvima. Fenolne kiseline, grupa biljnih fenola, pokazuju
inhibicijski učinak na korovne vrste. Prethodna istraživanja identificirala su tri fenolne kiseline
(p-kumarinska, vanilinska, ferulinska) s najjačim inhibitornim učinkom na korovnu vrstu
Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (ambrozija). Cilj ovoga in vitro istraživanja jest utvrditi učinak
fenolnih kiselina u istovremenoj primjeni s reduciranim dozama herbicida tienkarbazon-metila
na klijanje i početni rast ambrozije. Rezultati preliminarnog pokusa ukazuju na to da pkumarinska
kiselina (200 x 10-7) u kombinaciji s1/8 dozom herbicida tienkarbazon-metila
značajno bolje inhibira duljinu hipokotila ambrozije u odnosu na ostale fenolne kiseline.
Dodatkom p-kumarinske kiseline herbicidu tienkarbazon-metilu, radikula ambrozije se
značajno više reducirala (92,4%) u odnosu na herbicid bez dodatka p-kumarinske kiseline
(86,1%). Kod najnižih dozacija herbicida (1/32 x i 1/64 x) utvrđena je značajno bolja redukcija
hipokotila ambrozije kod primjene kombinacije herbicida i p-kumarinske kiseline, u odnosu na
herbicid bez dodatka p-kumarinske kiseline. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na mogućnost
smanjenja doze tienkarbazon-metila kada se kombinira s p-kumarinskom kiselinom, no
istraživanje je potrebno provesti i u in vivo uvjetima.Agricultural production is facing many pressures, including the reduction of chemical plant
protection agents. Weed control requires new, effective measures with more favorable
ecotoxicological properties. Phenolic acids, a group of plant phenols, show an inhibitory effect
on weed species. Previous research has identified three phenolic acids (p-coumaric, vanillic,
ferulic) with the strongest inhibitory effect on the weed species Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.
(ambrosia). The aim of this in vitro research is to determine the effect of phenolic acids in
simultaneous application with reduced doses of the herbicide thiencarbazone-methyl on the
germination and initial growth of ragweed. The results of the preliminary experiment indicate
that p-coumaric acid (200 x 10-7) in combination with 1/8 dose of the herbicide
thiencarbazone-methyl inhibits the hypocotyl length of ragweed significantly better than
other phenolic acids. With the addition of p-coumaric acid to the herbicide thiencarbazonemethyl,
ragweed radicles were significantly reduced (92.4%) compared to the pure herbicide
without the addition of p-coumaric acid (86.1%). At the lowest dosages of herbicides (1/32 x
and 1/64 x), a significantly better reduction of ragweed hypocotyls was found when applying
the combination of herbicide and p-coumaric acid compared to the pure herbicide. The results
of the research indicate the possibility of reducing the dose of thiencarbazone- methyl when
combined with p-coumaric acid, but the research needs to be carried out in in vivo conditions
as well
Telomere structure and function in higher vertebrates
No full textTelomere su specijalizirane strukture na krajevima kromosoma koje čuvaju integritet genoma i sprječavaju njihove nepravilne fuzije. Njihova uloga je ključna u zaštiti krajeva kromosoma od djelovanja staničnih nukleaza i mehanizama popravka DNK. Telomeraza je enzim koji dodaje telomerne sekvence na krajeve kromosoma, čime kompenzira njihovo skraćivanje tijekom stanične diobe. ALT se koristi za homolognu rekombinaciju. Skraćivanje telomera tijekom stanične diobe dovodi do senescencije ili apoptoze kada dosegnu kritičnu duljinu. Maligne stanice koriste telomerazu za neograničen replikacijski potencijal, što im omogućuje besmrtnost. Istraživanja su pokazala da telomere kod dugovječnih ptica i sisavaca sporije skraćuju u usporedbi s kratkovječnim vrstama, što sugerira evolucijske mehanizme koji produžuju životni vijek. Ključni proteini TRF1 i TRF2 igraju vitalne uloge u regulaciji duljine telomere i zaštiti od oštećenja DNK. Studija dinamike telomera kod životinja suočava se s brojnim izazovima, uključujući tehnička ograničenja i nedovoljno razumijevanje faktora koji utječu na dužinu telomere. Razvoj naprednih tehnologija za mjerenje TL i istraživanje utjecaja okolišnih faktora ključni su za unapređenje zdravlja i produktivnosti životinja.Telomeres are specialized structures at the ends of chromosomes that preserve genome integrity and prevent their improper fusions. Their role is crucial in protecting chromosome ends from the action of cellular nucleases and DNA repair mechanisms. Telomerase is an enzyme that adds telomeric sequences to the ends of chromosomes, thereby compensating for their shortening during cell division. ALT is used for homologous recombination. Telomere shortening during cell division leads to senescence or apoptosis when they reach a critical length. Malignant cells use telomerase for unlimited replication potential, which allows them immortality. Research has shown that telomeres in long-lived birds and mammals shorten more slowly compared to short-lived species, suggesting evolutionary mechanisms that extend lifespan. Key proteins TRF1 and TRF2 play vital roles in regulating telomere length and protecting against DNA damage. The study of telomere dynamics in animals faces numerous challenges, including technical limitations and insufficient understanding of factors affecting telomere length. The development of advanced technologies for measuring TL and researching the impact of environmental factors is crucial for improving animal health and productivity
Analysis of the influence of tidal oscillations on infiltration into the Vidrice drainage system
No full textSustav kanala odvodnje u polderima je pod utjecajem oborina koje dotječu površinski i podzemnih voda koje dotječu potpovršinski u kanale. Višak vode iz kanala se u cikličkom režimu rada crpi u recipijent, pri čemu se vodostaj u kanalima snižava i omogućuje infiltracija podzemnih voda. Dostupni podaci su vodostaji u kanalskoj mreži, plimne oscilacije i geometrija kanala. Hipoteza ovog rada je da se korelacijom vodostaja i plimnih oscilacija može utvrditi zavisnost između hidrauličkog gradijenta i dotoka podzemne vode u kanale. Cilj rada je analizirati režim voda u odvodnom kanalu za cijeli raspon vodostaja i izračunati dotok vode u kanalsku mrežu pri različitim razinama mora. Istraživanje se provodi na sustavu odvodnje poldera Vidrice koji se nalazi na području doline rijeke Neretve. U polderu su u sklopu provedbe projekta DELTASAL postavljene 4 vodomjerne postaje koje kontinuirano mjere vodostaj duž glavnog kanala i na jednom lateralnom kanalu. Podaci o vodostaju će biti obrađeni filtracijom kako bi se uklonili šumovi te analizirani statističkim medotama. Analiza će biti fokusirana na ljetno razdoblje kako bi se procijenio doprinos plimnih oscilacija u vrijeme kada nema utjecaja oborina, odnosno površinskog otjecanja na režim voda. Obrađeni podaci će biti korišteni za korelaciju između protoka i nagiba vodnog lica na karakterističnim profilima kanalske mreže.The system of drainage channels in polders is influenced by precipitation that flows on the surface and underground water that flows subsurface into the channels. Excess water from the canal is pumped into the recipient in a cyclic mode of operation, whereby the water level in the canals is lowered and groundwater infiltration is enabled. Available data are water levels in the channel network, tidal oscillations and channel geometry. The hypothesis of this work is that the correlation between water level and tidal oscillations can determine the dependence between the hydraulic gradient and the inflow of underground water into the canals. The aim of the work is to analyze the water regime in the drainage channel for the entire range of water levels and to calculate the inflow of water into the channel network at different sea levels. The research is conducted on the drainage system of the Vidrice polder located in the area of the Neretva river valley. As part of the implementation of the DELTASAL project, 4 water measuring stations were installed in the polder, which continuously measure the water level along the main channel and on one lateral channel. The water level data will be filtered to remove noise and analyzed with statistical methods. The analysis will be focused on the summer period in order to assess the contribution of tidal oscillations at a time when there is no influence of precipitation or surface runoff on the water regime. The processed data will be used for the correlation between the flow and the slope of the water surface on the characteristic profiles of the channel network
Oxidative stability of egg yolk of laying hens fed complete feeds differing in maize hybrid
No full textU animalnim proizvodima, uloga antioksidansa poput karotenoida i tokola je zaštita od oksidacijskog kvarenja. U žutanjku oni pridonose oksidacijskoj stabilnosti koja ima važan ekonomski učinak zbog utjecaja na kvalitetu i zdravstvenu ispravnost jaja. Različiti hibridi kukuruza variraju u sadržaju antioksidansa te je cilj ovog istraživanja bio utvrditi oksidacijsku stabilnost žutanjka jajeta nesilica hranjenih potpunim krmnim smjesama koje se razlikuju u hibridu kukuruza. U pokusu je korišteno 255 Lohmann Brown nesilica koje su po tri bile raspoređene u 85 kaveza. Kavezi su prema potpuno nasumičnom rasporedu raspoređeni na 17 hranidbenih tretmana [15 hibrida kukuruza te pozitivna (komercijalna potpuna krmna smjesa) i negativna kontrola (na bazi ječma i bez dodanih karotenoida); 17 tretmana×5 ponavljanja]. Jaja su sakupljena tijekom šest tjedna pokusa te je TBARS metodom određen sadržaj MDA u žutanjcima jaja skladištenim 2 tjedna na 4 °C, sobnoj temperaturi (19 ± 2 ᵒC) te 30 °C u induciranim uvjetima oksidacije. Hranidbeni tretmani i temperatura skladištenja su utjecali na sadržaj MDA u skladištenim jajima. S porastom temperature rastao je i sadržaj MDA (od 66,6 do 86,6 ng/g). U prosjeku za sve temperature skladištenja, sadržaj MDA istraživanih hibrida se kretao od 62,8 do 89,8 ng/g te su žutanjci svih tretmana bili stabilni tijekom promatranog razdoblja skladištenja. U induciranim uvjetima oksidacije, hranidbeni tretmani su se razlikovali u sadržaju MDA nakon 100 minuta inkubacije, s rasponom od 372 do 759 ng/g. Zaključno, hibrid kukuruza korišten za potpune krmne smjese nesilica je izvor antioksidansa koje nesilica deponira u žutanjak jaja te tako utječe na oksidacijsku stabilnost žutanjka.In animal products, the role of antioxidants like carotenoids and tocols is to protect against oxidation. In egg yolks, they contribute to oxidative stability, which has considerable economic consequences due to their effects on the quality and health of the eggs. Different maize hybrids differ in their antioxidant content. The aim of this study was to determine the oxidative stability of the egg yolk of hens fed complete feeds differing in maize hybrid. In the trial, 255 Lohmann Brown hens were allocated to 85 cages. The cages were allocated to 17 treatments [15 maize hybrids plus a positive (commercial complete feed) and a negative control (barley-based and without added carotenoids); 17 treatments x 5 groups] according to a completely randomized design. Eggs were collected in the 6th week of the experiment and the MDA content in yolks stored for 2 weeks at 4°C, room temperature (19 ± 2 ᵒC) and 30°C under induced oxidation conditions was determined using the TBARS method. The treatments and storage temperature affected the MDA content in the stored eggs. As the temperature increased, the MDA content also increased (from 66.6 to 86.6 ng/g). On average, the MDA content of the tested hybrids was between 62.8 and 89.8 ng/g, and all treated yolks were stable throughout the observed storage period. Under induced oxidation conditions, the treatments differed in MDA content after 100 minutes of incubation with a range of 372 to 759 ng/g. In conclusion, the maize hybrid used in complete feeds for laying hens is a source of antioxidants that the hens deposit in the yolk, thus affecting oxidative stability
Chromium concentration in wild edible saprotrophic mushrooms from different areas of Croatia
No full textSamonikle jestive saprotrofne gljive imaju značajnu ulogu u globalnoj prehrani zbog
svoje jedinstvene nutritivne vrijednosti i ljekovitih svojstava. Navedene gljive razgrađuju
organske tvari te doprinose kruženju hranjivih tvari u ekosustavu. U novije vrijeme intenzivna
urbanizacija i industrijalizacija doprinijele su povišenim razinama teških metalau sustavima tla
koji se kasnije akumuliraju u saprotrofnim gljivama. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi koncentracije
kroma u tlu te bioakumulacijski potencijal u pet jestivih vrsta gljiva: Agaricus campestris L.,
Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P.Kumm., Clitocybe inversa (Sowerby) Vizzini, Clitocybe nebularis
(Batsch), P.Kumm., i Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer na sedam lokacija kontinentalne i
primorske Hrvatske. Analiza koncentracije kroma provedena je pomoću optičke emisijske
spektrometrije s induktivno spregnutom plazmom (ICP-OES). Rezultati su pokazali da je u svim
uzorcima tla prisutan krom u rasponu od 7,55 do 30,14 mg/kg-1, dok je koncentracija u
gljivama bila znatno niža u rasponu od 0,01 do 1,91 mg/kg-1, pri čemu su utvrđene
koncentracije bile znatno veće u klobuku u odnosu na stručak. Uzorci gljiva i tla iz
kontinentalne Hrvatske imali su više razine kroma od onih iz primorske Hrvatske. Unatoč
koncentracijama kroma u nekim vrstama gljiva >1, vrijednosti faktora bioakumulacije i indeksa
rizika za zdravlje, uključujući prehrambeni unos krom metala i indeks zdravstvenog rizika, bili
su ispod graničnih vrijednosti. Stoga, ovo istraživanje je pokazalo da ne postoje značajni
zdravstveni rizici prilikom konzumacije gljiva te naglašava važnost utvrđivanja potencijala
bioakumulacije kroma u samoniklih jestivih gljiva, kao i mogućih zdravstvenih opasnosti
povezanih s njihovom konzumacijom.Wild edible saprotrophic mushrooms play a significant role in the global diet due to
their unique nutritional value and medicinal properties. These fungi break down organic
substances and contribute to the circulation of nutrients in the ecosystem. In recent times,
intensive urbanization and industrialization have contributed to elevated levels of heavy
metals in soil systems that subsequently accumulate in saprotrophic fungi. The aim of the
work was to determine chromium concentrations in the soil and bioaccumulation potential in
five edible mushroom species: Agaricus campestris L., Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P.Kumm.,
Clitocybe inversa (Sowerby) Vizzini, Clitocybe nebularis (Batsch), P.Kumm., and Macrolepiota
procera (Scop.) Singer. at seven locations in continental and coastal Croatia. Chromium
concentration analysis was performed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission
spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results showed that Cr was present in all soil samples in the range
from 7.55 to 30.14 mg/kg-1, while the concentration in mushrooms was significantly lower in
the range from 0.01 to 1.91 mg/kg-1, while for which the determined concentrations were
significantly higher in the cap compared to the stem. Mushroom and soil samples from central
Croatia had higher chromium levels than those from coastal Croatia. Despite the
concentrations of chromium in some mushroom species >1, the values of the bioaccumulation
factor and health risk index, including the dietary intake of chromium metal and the health
risk index, were below the limit values. Therefore, it has been shown that there are no
significant health risks when consuming mushrooms, and it emphasizes the importance of
determining the chromium bioaccumulation potential of wild edible mushrooms, as well as
possible health hazards associated with their consumption
Selected chemical properties of fluvisol under different land use
No full textCiljevi ovog rada bili su utvrditi i usporediti odabrana kemijska svojstva fluvisola pri različitom načinu korištenja zemljišta (povrćarstvo, ratarstvo, livada), te procijeniti stupanj onečišćenja tla potencijalno toksičnim elementima (PTE). Istraživanje je provedeno 2024. godine na OPG-u Svilić u naselju Orubica. Na svakoj lokaciji uzeto je 5 prosječnih uzoraka površinskog horizonta tla (0-30 cm). U prosječnim uzorcima analizirani su: pH, sadržaj ukupnih karbonata i fiziološki aktivnog vapna, količina i karakter humusa, P2O5 i K2O, te ukupne koncentracije bakra, cinka i olova. Signifikantno više pH vrijednosti zabilježene su u tlu oranice, u odnosu na ostale načine korištenja zemljišta (livada i vrt). Sva analizirana tla su srednje karbonatna, uz signifikantno viši sadržaj fiziološki aktivnog vapna u tlu livade (3,9 %) u odnosu na tla pod poljoprivrednom proizvodnjom (3,3 i 2,9 %). Tlo livade ima signifikantno viši sadržaj humusa (4,05 %) u odnosu na poljoprivredna tla (3,19- 2,58 %), a karakter humusa je u svim tlima slabo kiseli. Tla vrta i oranice vrlo bogato su opskrbljena fosforom i imala su signifikantno viši prosječni sadržaj P2O5 (47,3 i 47,2 mg P₂O₅/100 g tla) u odnosu na tlo livade (21,3 mg P₂O₅/100 g tla). Značajno viša prosječna koncentracija K2O utvrđena je u tlima oranične i povrćarske (53, 3 i 44,7 mg K₂O/100 g tla) proizvodnje u odnosu na tlo pod prirodnom vegetacijom (15,9 mg K₂O/100 g tla). Prema Pravilniku o zaštiti poljoprivrednog zemljišta od onečišćenja (NN 71/19), tlo niti jednog načina korištenja zemljišta (livada, vrt, oranica) nije onečišćeno bakrom, cinkom i olovom.The objectives of this study were to determine and compare the selected chemical properties of fluvisol in different of land use (vegetable, arable, meadow), and to assess the degree of soil contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTE). The study was conducted in 2024 at OPG Svilić in the settlement of Orubica. At each location, 5 average samples of the surface soil horizon (0-30 cm) were taken. In the average samples pH, content of total carbonates and physiologically active lime, amount and character of humus, P2O5 and K2O, and total concentrations of copper, zinc and lead were analyzed. Significantly higher pH values were recorded in the soil of arable land, compared to other land use methods (meadow and vegetable garden). All analyzed soils are medium calcareous, with a significantly higher content of physiologically active lime in meadow soil (3.9 %) compared to soils under agricultural production (3.3 and 2.9 %). The soil of the meadow has a significantly higher content of humus (4.05 %) compared to agricultural soils (3.19-2.58 %), and the character of the humus is slightly acidic in all soils. The soils of the vegetable garden and arable land were richly supplied with phosphorus and had a significantly higher average content of P₂O₅ (47.3 and 47.2 mg P₂O₅/100 g soil) compared to the meadow soil (21.3 mg P₂O₅/100 g soil). A significantly higher average K2O concentration was found in arable and vegetable soils (53.3 and 44.7 mg K₂O/100 g soil) production compared to soil under natural vegetation (15.9 mg K₂O/100 g soil). According to the Ordinance on the protection of agricultural land from pollution (NN 71/19), the soil of any type of land use (meadow, garden, arable land) were not contaminated with copper, zinc and lead