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Impact of cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) on fish populations in the Republic of Croatia
No full textPosljednjih desetljeća, kormoran (Phalacrocorax carbo) postaje sve češća tema među ribarima, ekolozima i ostalim korisnicima vodenih ekosustava u Republici Hrvatskoj. Rast broja jedinki proteklih godina ostavlja vidljive posljedice na riblje zajednice naših rijeka, jezera i ribnjaka. Brojna istraživanja ukazuju da kormorani mogu značajno smanjiti brojnost ribljih populacija, osobito unutar zimskih mjeseci. To se posebno odnosi na gospodarski važne vrste kao što su npr. šarani. Ovim radom želi se potaknuti razumijevanje složenog odnosa između ribljih zajednica i kormorana, ali i gospodarstva i ekologije te pružiti uvid na trenutno stanje djelovanja kormorana na vodene ekosustave u Republici Hrvatskoj.In recent decades, the cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) has become an increasingly common topic among fishermen, ecologists and other users of aquatic ecosystems in the Republic of Croatia. Its rapid growth in recent years has had visible consequences for the fish communities of our rivers, lakes and ponds. The results show that cormorants can significantly reduce the number of fish populations, especially during the winter months. This especially applies to economically important species such as carp. This work aims to stimulate understanding of the complex relationship between fish communities and cormorants, as well as the economy and ecology, and to provide a conclusion on the current state of the impact of cormorants on aquatic ecosystems in the Republic of Croatia
Traditional viticulture in Central Istria wine region
No full textIstra se može podičiti bogatom poviješću uzgoja vinove loze koja seže još u doba starih
Grka. Submediteranska klima, brdoviti kraj i pogodno tlo predstavljaju idealne uvjete za uzgoj
vinove loze i proizvodnju kvalitetnih vina. Unatoč tome, proizvodnja se na malim
gospodarstvima gasi. Unazad nekoliko godina evidentan je pad površina. Tradicionalno
vinogradarstvo na ovom području posjeduje različite sustave uzgoja odavno izumrlih sustava
na klenu i kolcima do modernijih na stupovima i žicama na kojima su uzgojni oblici nepravilni
dvokraki Guyot i istarski uzgoj. Kroz godinu, tradicionalno vinogradarstvo iziskuje puno ručnog
rada i posvete zbog zastarjelih načina uzgoja. Sve to dovelo je do prestanka bavljenja
vinogradarstvom kod brojnih ljudi. Konvencionalni način obrade preuzeo je tradicionalni, ali s
štetnim djelovanjem na okoliš. U budućnosti, potrebno je primjenjivati više principa ekološkog
uzgoja, primjenjujući najbolje od tradicionalnog i konvencionalnog uzgoja. Kako bi se očuvala
autentičnost prostora i vina, biti će važno smisliti suvremeni oblik proizvodnje s korisnim
tradicionalnim praksama i autohtonim sortama koji će biti idealan za mala gospodarstva.Istria has rich history of viticulture which dates back to the ancient Greek times.
Submediterranean climate, good soil and hilly countryside provides ideal conditions for
growing grapevine. Despite this, production on the small farms is dropping. In the past few
years there has been an evident decrease in vineyard areas. Traditional viticulture in this area
has many training systems, from abandoned ones on the field maple trees and stakes, to the
modern ones on the poles and wires where the present training systems are: two-armed
Guyot and Istrian pruning system. Through the year, traditional viticulture requires a lot of
man labor. This led many people to give up from viticulture. Conventional way of growing took
over the traditional one, but with harmful impact on the environment. It is important to switch
to the organic viticulture in the future, using the best growing practices from traditional and
conventional viticulture. In order to preserve the authenticity of wines and landscape, it will
be important to devise a modern form of production with useful traditional growing practices
and authentic grape varieties, which will be ideal for small farms
The effect of laser stimulation on the germination of yellow gentian seeds (Gentiana lutea)
No full textCilj ovog rada bio je ispitati utjecaj različitih laserskih tretmana na klijavost sjemena
žutog srčanika (Gentiana lutea L.), biljne vrste poznate po niskoj sposobnosti klijanja i
značajnim ljekovitim svojstvima. Sjeme je tretirano laserima različite izlazne snage (100, 200 i
500 mW) i trajanja zračenja (30, 60 i 120 s). Nakon tretmana provedena je analiza klijavosti u
laboratorijskim uvjetima prema standardnoj metodi. Rezultati su pokazali da je pozitivan
učinak zabilježen samo kod tretmana laserom od 500 mW u trajanju od 30 i 60 sekundi, s vrlo
niskim postotkom klijavosti (0,67–1,67 %). Ostali tretmani, uključujući kontrolu, nisu rezultirali
klijanjem. Na osnovu dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti da laserska stimulacija može imati
ograničen pozitivan učinak na klijavost, ovisno o kombinaciji izlazne snage lasera i trajanja
tretmana.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different laser treatments on the
germination of yellow gentian seeds (Gentiana lutea L.), a plant species known for its low
germination and significant medicinal properties. The seeds were treated with lasers of
different output power (100, 200 and 500 mW) and exposure durations (30, 60 and 120
seconds). After treatment, germination was examined under laboratory conditions using a
standard method. The results showed that a positive effect was only observed in the
treatment with the 500 mW laser for 30 and 60 seconds with very low germination rates
(0.67–1.67%). All other treatments, including the control group, resulted in no germination. It
was concluded that laser stimulation may have a limited positive effect on germination,
depending on the specific combination of laser output power and exposure time
Revitalization of lower town blocks in Zagreb - example of block 52
No full textOvaj diplomski rad se bavi potencijalima i ograničenjima revitalizacije zagrebačkih donjogradskih blokova, s fokusom na otvorene i zelene površine gradskih blokova. U općem dijelu rada ukazano je na problematiku i načela revitalizacije ovakvih tipova gradskih prostora te su opisani primjeri dobre prakse obnove blokova i sličnih tipova realizacija. Težište rada zatim je stavljeno na specifičan primjer bloka 52. Taj je blok detaljno inventariziran i analiziran prema urbanističko krajobraznim kriterijima. Na temelju analitičkog postupka izrađena su tri koncepta različitog stupnja intervencije, odnosno tri konceptualna krajobrazna rješenja revitalizacije dvorišnog prostora bloka. Jedan od njih razrađen je kao idejno krajobrazno rješenje i primjer je moguće revitalizacije bloka na način koji promovira inkluzivnost i održivost, odnosno socijalne i ekološke aspekte revitalizacije.This thesis exlores the potentials and limitations of revitalising Zagreb's downtown blocks, with a focus on open and green areas of city blocks. The general section of the thesis adresses the issues and principles of revitalization of these types of urban spaces and describes examples of good practice of block renewal and similar types of implementation. The main focus of the thesis is then placed on a specific example of block 52. This block was inventoried in detail and analysed according to urban landscape planning criteria. Based on the analytical procedure, three concepts of varying degrees of intervention were developed, namely three conceptual landscape solutions for revitalization of the block's courtyard space. One of them was developed as a landscape solution and is an example of a possible revitalization of the block in a way that promotes inclusiveness and sustainability, i.e. the social and ecological aspects of revitalization
Inventory of the Brownfield area of the city of Pakrac and guidelines for conversion
No full textPovijesna događanja koja su se zbivala u prethodnom stoljeću na području grada Pakraca rezultirala su čestom pojavom brownfield područja u samoj strukturi grada. Industrijalizacija, ekonomska tranzicija te razaranja tijekom Domovinskog rata izazvale su pojavu velikog broja neiskorištenih prostora koji vremenom propadaju i narušavaju urbanu kvalitetu grada, prostornu koherentnost, funkcionalnost prostora pa i vizure grada. Prostornim planiranjem i izradom strategija o razvoju grada, potrebno je razmotriti potencijale koji pružaju upravo ovakva područja. Integracijom brownfielda u širu urbanu i gospodarsku strategiju grada Pakraca, moguće je postići značajne koristi za lokalnu zajednicu, uključujući povećanje ekonomske aktivnosti, poboljšanje kvalitete života i očuvanje okoliša. Glavni izazovi uključuju lošu infrastrukturu, nedostatak financijskih sredstava i depopulacija stanovništva u posljednjih 30-tak godina. Unatoč ovim izazovima, postoje velike mogućnosti za poboljšanje kvalitete života lokalnog stanovništva, poticanje ekonomskog i održivog razvoja grada. Ovim radom inventariziraju se postojeća brownfield područja u gradu Pakracu te pružaju smjernice za njihovu prenamjenu i integraciju u urbano tkivo grada. Strategija revitalizacije brownfield područja Grada Pakraca trenutno ne postoji, dok su u Europi i svijetu sastavni dio procesa planiranja koji pridonosi unapređenju funkcijama grada. Ovaj rad pruža uvid u temu koja nije do sada obuhvaćena prostorno-planskom dokumentacijom u Pakracu i predstavlja podlogu za buduća istraživanja i razvoj politika usmjerenih na revitalizaciju brownfield područja Grada.Historical events that took place in the previous century in the city of Pakrac resulted in the frequent appearance of brownfield areas in the very structure of the city. Industrialization, economic transition and destruction during the Homeland War caused the appearance of many unused spaces that deteriorate over time and distort the city's vision. With spatial planning and creation of strategies for the development of the city, it is possible to consider the potential that these areas provide. By integrating the brownfield into the wider urban and economic strategy of the City of Pakrac, it is possible to achieve significant benefits for the local community, including increasing economic activity, improving the quality of life and preserving the environment. The main challenges include poor infrastructure and lack of financial resources. Despite these challenges, there are great opportunities for improving the quality of life of the local population, encouraging economic and sustainable development of the city. This thesis inventories the existing brownfield areas in the city of Pakrac and provides guidelines for their revitalization and integration into the urban fabric of the city. Strategies for the revitalization of the brownfield area of the City of Pakrac do not currently exist, while in Europe and the world they are an integral part of the planning process that contributes to the improvement of the city's functions. This work provides a basis for future research and policy development aimed at the revitalization of brownfield areas of the City
Plant-nutrient soil capacity and plant nutrient supply in the lemon orchard on the island of Hvar
No full textNa temelju biljno-hranidbenog kapaciteta tla i opskrbljenosti stabala limuna biogenim elementima utvrdit će se jesu li vidljive razlike u nasadu limuna uvjetovane specifičnim razlikama u tlu i fiziologijom mineralne ishrane. Također, utvrđene koncentracije biogenih elemenata (makro i mikroelemenata) u biljnom materijalu – listu limuna sorte Meyer usporedit će se s referentnim vrijednostima istih za limun, te utvrditi stupanj opskrbljenosti limuna istima. Rezultati kemijskih analiza biljnog materijala i opskrbljenost biogenim elementima ukazuju na niže vrijednosti dušika u biljnom materijalu - listu limuna, što je glavni razlog vidljive kloroze lista. Također, sva tri osnovna makroelementa (N,P,K), u oba uzorka biljnog materijala, bili su niži od preporučenih vrijednosti za biljni materijal, posebice N i Ca u listu na lošijoj tabli „lt“, dok su vrijednosti Mg bile optimalne u oba analizirana uzorka. Od analiziranih mikroelemenata, naglašavamo povišenu vrijednost B, te niže vrijednosti Cu i Zn, te o navedenom treba voditi računa u budućnosti, računajući moguće pritoke (sredstva za zaštitu bilja, folijarna gnojiva). Posebice ističemo potrebu stvaranja povoljnijih uvjeta za primitak hraniva kroz optimalno natapanje tijekom vegetacije jer usprkos bogate opskrbe tla kalijem, dobre opskrbe fosforom i ukupnim dušikom nemamo dobru opskrbljenost biljaka istima. Također, gnojidbu N gnojivima potrebno je primijeniti višekratno tijekom vegetacije, najbolje zajedno sa natapanjem nasada limuna.Based on the plant-nutrient soil capacity and the supply of lemon trees with biogenic elements, we will determine if there are visible differences in the lemon orchard due to specific soil and mineral nutrition physiology differences. Furthermore, the determined concentrations of biogenic elements (macro and microelements) in the plant material, specifically lemon leaf (Citrus meyeri), will be compared with reference values for lemon, to assess the degree of lemon nutrient supply with these elements. The results of chemical analysis of plant material and the supply of biogenic elements indicate lower nitrogen values in the plant material - lemon leaf, which is the main reason for the visible chlorosis of the leaves. Additionally, all three primary macronutrients (N, P, K) in both samples of plant material were lower than the recommended values for plant material, especially N and Ca in the leaves on the "lt" side. However, magnesium (Mg) values were optimal in both analyzed samples. Among the analyzed micronutrients, we emphasize the elevated boron (B) levels and lower copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) levels. These findings should be considered in the future, considering possible inputs (pesticides, foliar fertilizers). We particularly emphasize the need to create favorable conditions for nutrient uptake through optimal irrigation during the vegetation period because despite the rich potassium supply in the soil and good supplies of phosphorus and total nitrogen, we do not have a good supply of plants with these nutrients. Additionally, nitrogen fertilization should be applied multiple times during the vegetation period, preferably in conjunction with lemon orchard irrigation
Conceptual landscape solution Parque del Reloj in Íscar
No full textU ovom radu formiran je idejni projekt uređenja Parque del Reloj kao ključnog javnog i zelenog prostora u općini Íscar. Cilj njegova krajobraznog uređenja bio je poboljšanja kvalitete života građana obzirom na nedostatak funkcionalnih zelenih površina u naselju i potreba očuvanja lokalne tradicije. Metoda rada uključila je višekriterijske inventarizacije i analize postojećeg stanja, terenske obilaske i formiranje varijantnih rješenja uređenja parka. Idejno rješenje parka predlaže multifunkcionalni prostor podijeljen u zone za igru, rekreaciju, druženje, umjetnost i opuštanje, s naglaskom na integraciju prirodnih elemenata i suvremenih sadržaja parkovnog uređenja. Osim pridodavanja novih sadržaja ostvareno je povećanje dostupnosti i estetske vrijednosti parka. Također, istaknuta je se važnost parka kao mjesta okupljanja i ostvarena je simbolična veza s lokalnom tradicijom.In this paper, a conceptual project was developed for the design of Parque del Reloj as a key public and green space in the municipality of Íscar. The goal of its landscape design was to improve the quality of life for residents, considering the lack of functional green areas in the community and the need to preserve local tradition. The methodology included multi-criteria analyses of the existing condition, site visits, and the creation of variant design solutions for the park. The conceptual design proposes a multifunctional space divided into zones for play, recreation, socializing, art, and relaxation, emphasizing the integration of natural elements and modern park facilities. In addition to adding new amenities, the project also enhanced accessibility and aesthetic value of the park. Furthermore, the importance of the park as a gathering place was highlighted, establishing a symbolic connection to local tradition
Possibilities of sustainable development and rural tourism in the village of Novigrad na Dobri
No full textRuralni turizam ima ključnu ulogu u održivom razvoju ruralnih područja, potičući ekonomski rast, očuvanje kulturne baštine i zaštitu okoliša. Selo Novigrad na Dobri, s bogatom poviješću i prirodnim ljepotama, ima značajan potencijal za razvoj ruralnog turizma. Cilj ovog rada je istražiti mogućnosti razvoja ruralnog turizma u Novigradu na Dobri, s fokusom na izradu poslovnog plana za restoran-izletište "Utvrda". Kroz intervjue s lokalnim stanovništvom i OPG-ovima, SWOT analizu i financijsko planiranje, ovaj rad pruža sveobuhvatan uvid u potencijal projekta. SWOT analiza ističe snage poput atraktivne lokacije i raznolikog jelovnika, dok su slabosti sezonalnost poslovanja i visoki početni troškovi. Intervjui su pokazali podršku lokalne zajednice za projekt. Financijska analiza ukazuje na isplativost projekta, s pozitivnom neto sadašnjom vrijednošću i stopom povrata od 15%. Ideja o restoranu-izletištu "Utvrda" u Novigradu na Dobri je moguća i isplativa, pod uvjetom učinkovitog upravljanja, kvalitetne marketinške strategije i suradnje sa lokalnim sudionicima. Ovaj projekt ima potencijal ne samo revitalizirati staru utvrdu, već i doprinijeti održivom razvoju cijele zajednice.Rural tourism plays a key role in the sustainable development of rural areas, fostering economic growth, cultural heritage preservation, and environmental protection. The village of Novigrad na Dobri, with its rich history and natural beauty, possesses significant potential for rural tourism development. The aim of this study is to explore the possibilities for rural tourism development in Novigrad na Dobri, with a focus on creating a business plan for the "Utvrda" restaurant and excursion site. Through interviews with local residents and family farms, a SWOT analysis, and financial planning, this study provides a comprehensive insight into the project's potential.The SWOT analysis highlights strengths such as an attractive location and a diverse menu, while weaknesses include seasonality and high initial investment costs. Interviews indicated strong support from the local community for the project. Financial analysis suggests the project's feasibility, with a positive net present value and a 15% rate of return.The concept of the "Utvrda" restaurant and excursion site in Novigrad na Dobri is both feasible and profitable, contingent upon effective management, a high-quality marketing strategy, and collaboration with local stakeholders. This project has the potential not only to revitalize the old fortress but also to contribute to the sustainable development of the entire community
Risk preferences and readiness for entrepreneurial activity in agriculture among students at the Faculty of Agriculture in Zagreb
No full textIstraživanje analizira sklonost riziku i spremnost studenata Agronomskog fakulteta u Zagrebu za bavljenje poljoprivredom. U radu je provedeno primarno istraživanje na studentima diplomskih studija, te je primijenjena metoda višestrukih cjenovnih lista za procjenu rizika ispitanika. Rezultati pokazuju nesklonost studenata prema riziku i pozitivan stav prema poljoprivredi. Na temelju istraživanja preporučuje se razvoj specifičnih poticaja, uključujući financijske potpore i obrazovne programe, kako bi se privukli mladi u poljoprivredu. Takav pristup može osigurati održivost proizvodnje i očuvati ruralne zajednice.The research analyzes risk appetite and readiness of students of the Faculty of Agriculture in Zagreb to engage in agriculture. In the paper, primary research was conducted on graduate students, and the method of multiple price lists was applied to assess the risk of respondents. The results show students' risk aversion and positive attitude towards agriculture. Based on the research, it is recommended to develop specific incentives, including financial support and educational programs, to attract young people to agriculture. Such an approach can ensure the sustainability of production and preserve rural communities