Repository of the Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences
Not a member yet
3131 research outputs found
Sort by
Effects of Application of Logistic Process Planning Methods
No full textU radu su objašnjene metode planiranja logističkih procesa koje su vrlo bitne za uspješno funkcioniranje opskrbnih lanaca. Svaka metoda ovisi o složenim elementima logističkog sustava te ih je radi toga potrebno detaljno analizirati. Stoga postoji više metoda planiranja logističkih procesa koje unutar logističkog lanca pri pravom odabiru pomažu pri ostvarivanju ciljeva: optimizacije vremena potrebnog za određene aktivnosti, troškova i kapaciteta.The paper explains the methods of planning logistics processes that are very important for the successful functioning of supply chains. Each method depends on the complex elements of the logistics system and therefore need to be analyzed in detail. Therefore, there are several methods of planning logistics processes that within the logistics chain with the right choice help to achieve the golas: optimizing the time required for certain activities, costs and capacity
Smart Railway Stations
No full textŽeljeznički kolodvori su službena mjesta na kojima se odvija ukrcaj i iskrcaj putnika i roba u vlakove. Kolodvori imaju vrlo bitnu ulogu kada je riječ o željezničkom prometu. Sve više se uvida potreba za poboljšanjem infrastrukture na željezničkim kolodvorima, ali i uvođenjem novih karakteristika koje će dovesti do poboljšanja operativnih performansi rada željezničkih kolodvora. željeznički kolodvori vrlo su bitni kada je riječ o razvoju pametnih gradova te pametnih sela budući da omogućavaju ubrzani transport većeg broja putnika, ali i veće količine roba, a uz smanjeno korištenje dostupnih resursa. Uz primjenu informacijskih i komunikacijskih tehnologija na željezničkim kolodvorima, moguće je poboljšanje rada istih, što u konačnici doprinosi poboljšanju kvalitete života svih građana (što se ističe kroz poboljšanje usluga koje se pružaju krajnjim korisnicima) te smanjenju štetnog utjecaja na okoliš.Railway stations are the official places where passengers and goods are loaded and unloaded on trains.Railway stations play a very important role when it comes to rail transport. There is a growing recognition of the need to improve the infrastructure at railway stations, but also by introducing new features that will lead to improved operational performance of railway stations. Railway stations are very important when it comes to the development of smart cities and smart villages as they enable accelerated transport of more passengers, but also larger quantities of goods, and with reduced use of available resources. With the application of information and communication technologies at railway stations, it is possible to improve their work, which ultimately contributes to improving the quality of life of all citizens (which is emphasized through improving services provided to end users) and reducing environmental impact
Impact of road signalling quality on the functioning of the advanced driver assistance systems
No full textU cestovnom prometu godišnje na globalnoj razini smrtno strada oko 1,35 milijuna ljudi od posljedica prometnih nesreća, čiji uzročnici mogu biti čovjek, vozilo, infrastruktura i okolina. U najvećoj mjeri na nastanak prometnih nesreća utječe upravo čovjek, čiji su postupci nepredvidivi i stohastični kao i sam promet u cjelini. Iz navedenog razloga, zadnjih desetak godina, razvijaju se napredni sustavi pomoći vozaču (engl. Advanced Driver Assistance System – ADAS) koji su upozoravaju vozača na opasnost i/ili preuzimaju kontrolu nad vozilom u slučaju rizične situacije, smanjujući na taj način nastanak prometnih nesreća kao i teških posljedica. U mnogim suvremenim vozilima ADAS sustavi predstavljaju sastavni dio vozila, odnosno standardnu opremu, dok se neki sustavi naručuju posebno. ADAS sustavi rade uz pomoć kamera, radara, lidara i drugih senzora za praćenje okoline u kojoj se vozilo nalazi. Važni dijelovi ADAS sustava predstavljaju sustavi detekcije oznaka na kolniku i sustavi za prepoznavanje prometnih znakova. Cilj ovog rada je ispitati navedena dva sustava, točnije utvrditi kako kvaliteta prometne signalizacije utječe na detekciju oznaka na kolniku i prometnih znakova. Istraživanje se sastoji od tri testa: 1) usporedba kvalitete detekcije oznaka na kolniku i dometa vidljivosti između dnevnih i noćnih uvjeta, 2) utjecaj retrorefleksije oznaka na kolniku na sustav detekcije oznaka na kolniku u noćnim uvjetima i 3) utjecaj grafičkih promjena na detekciju pomoću sustava za prepoznavanje prometnih znakova.Around 1,35 milion people die every year in road traffic globally as a result of traffic accidents, which can be caused by humans, vehicles, infrastuctue and the environment. The occurrence of traffic accidents is mostly influenced by humans, whose actions are as unpredictable and stochastic as the traffic as a whole. For this reason, in the last ten years, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) have been developed that warn the driver of danger and / or take control of the vehicle in the event of a risk situation, thus reducing the occurrence of accidents such as and severe consequences. In many modern vehicles, ADAS systems are an integral part of the vehicle, or standard equipment, while some systems are ordered separately. ADAS systems work with the help of cameras, radars, lidars and other sensors to monitor the environment in which the vehicle is located. Important parts of the ADAS system are road marking detection systems and traffic sign recognition systems. The aim of this paper is to examine these two systems, to determine more precisely how the quality of traffic signals affects the detection of road markings and traffic signs. The research consists of three tests: 1) comparison of the quality of pavement marking detection and visibility range between day and night conditions, 2) influence of pavement mark retroreflection on pavement marking system at night conditions and 3) influence of graphical changes on system detection to recognize traffic signs
Data Collection by Survey Methods for Road Traffic Research
No full textOdabir najprikladnije metode prikupljanja podataka u najvećoj mjeri ovisi o potrebnim ulaznim podatcima za istraživanje, a svaka metoda zahtjeva detaljni pristup izradi strukture ankete, kao i pomno odabranu strategiju uzorkovanja. Prikupljanje podataka metodom ankete jedna je od najučestalijih metoda za prikupljanja informacija od ispitanika. U cestovnom prometu anketa ima važnu ulogu jer može prikupiti podatke ispitanika i dati uvid i stavove korisnika prometnog sustava, osoba koje generiraju prometnu potražnju, o tematici i problematici koja se istražuje. Modernizacijom i digitalizacijom cijelog svijeta ovakva metoda prikupljanja podataka postala je i digitalna, odnosno anketni upitnik moguće je ispuniti na internetu putem digitalnih medija na raznim mrežnim stranicama te je takav trend unaprijedio pristupačnost ove metode. Anketu je potrebno koncipirati, uzimajući u obzir niz elemenata koji opisuju samu anketu, njenu strukturu te voditi se stručnom literaturom i pravilima ukoliko je cilj napraviti anketu kojoj je za krajnji cilj dobiti efikasne odgovore ispitanika. Svrha istraživanja u diplomskom radu jest detaljno analizirati metodu ankete i utvrditi mogućnosti njezine primjenu u ovisnosti o specifičnim područjima istraživanja u cestovnom prometu. Cilj istraživanja jest na konkretnom praktičnom primjeru problema u cestovnom prometu provjeriti primjenjivost predložene primjene metode ankete, odnosno utvrditi stavove i mišljenja ispitanika o cestovnom prometu u Republici Hrvatskoj, ali i o sigurnosti cestovnog prometa u Republici Hrvatskoj te utvrditi postoji li zavisnost digitalnog marketinga, sigurnosti cestovnog prometa te korisnika prometnog sustava. Na temelju online ankete testirana je spomenuta problematika te su interpretirani rezultati.The selection of the most appropriate method of data collection largely depends on the input data required for the survey research, and each method requires a detailed approach to the design of the survey structure, as well as a carefully selected sampling strategy. Survey data collection is one of the most common methods for collecting information from respondents. In road traffic, the survey has an important role because it can collect data from respondents and provide insight and views of users of the transport system, persons who generate traffic demand, on the topics and issues that are being investigate. With the modernization and digitalization of the whole world, this method of data collection has become digital, in the other words the survey questionnaire can be filled out on the Internet through digital media on various websites, and such a trend has improved the accessibility of this method. The survey needs to be conceive, taking into account a number of elements that describe the survey itself, its structure and guide it with scientific literature and rules if the goal is to make a survey in which the ultimate goal is to get effective answers from respondents. The purpose of the research in this master thesis is to analyse in detail the survey method and determine the possibilities of its application depending on the specific areas of road traffic research. The aim of the research is to check the applicability of the proposed application of the survey method on a concrete practical example of a problem in road traffic, i.e. to determine the attitudes and opinions of respondents on road traffic in the Republic of Croatia but also on road traffic safety in the Republic of Croatia and to determine if there is a dependence of digital marketing, road safety and users of the transport system. Based on the online survey, the mentioned issues were tested and the results were interpreted
Railway Traction Vehicles with Hybrid Drive and Alternative Fuel Propulsion
No full textSmanjivanje zaliha fosilnih goriva i negativan utjecaj plinova koji nastaju njihovim izgaranjem potaknuli su ljude da potraže neke alternativne načine prijevoza. Hibridna željeznička vozila uspjevaju smanjiti potrošnju goriva na način da se energija koja bi se inače izgubila u okolini, uspijeva vratiti u spremnike energije koji su ugrađeni u vozilo. Uskladištena energija se može koristiti u različitim režimima rada ovisno o tome kada je potrebna. Smanjena potrošnja goriva utječe i na razinu emisije štetnih plinova i čestica. Jedan od načina smanjenja upotrebe konvencionalnih goriva je njihovo miješanje sa biogorivima, koja se proizvode iz različitih biljaka. Postoje željeznička vozila koj su pokrenuta isključivo na biogoriva bez dodataka konvencionalnih goriva. Iskustva upotrebe biogoriva u usporedni s konvencionalnim gorivima pokazala su da biogoriva utječu na neke karakteristike motora vozila, ali uspjevaju samanjiti emisiju stakleničkih plinova.Reducing fossil fuel stocks and the negative impact of combustion gases have prompted people to look for some alternative modes of transport. Hybrid railway vehicles manage to reduce fuel consumption because the energy that would otherwise be lost in the environment manages to be returned in the energy tanks built into the vehicle. The stored energy can be used in different operating modes depending on when it is needed. Reduced fuel consumption also affects the level of emissions of harmful gases and particles. One way to reduce the use of conventional fuels is to mix them with biofuels, which are produced from different plants. Some railway vehicles can use exclusively biofuels without the addition of conventional fuels. Experience of using biofuels compared to conventional fuels shows that biofuels affect some characteristics of engines, but manage to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Airports in the Function of Intermodal Hubs
No full textVažnost intermodalnog prijevoza, kao novog suvremenog načina prometovanja, ogleda se u prednostima koje on nudi uključivanjem više prijevoznih modova tijekom prijevoza iste teretno-manipulativne jedinice. Kroz rad će se prikazati kako su zračne luke prilagođene intermodalnom prijevozu, te će biti pobliže objašnjena njihova uloga i zadaća u teretnim opskrbnim lancima. Analizirati će se tokovi tereta kroz koje teret prolazi da bi stigao do krajnjeg korisnika te shodno tome će biti prikazan kronološki slijed radnji koje se poduzimaju u zračnim lukama prilikom dolaska i odlaska tereta. Osim toga, u radu će biti analizirana i hub and spoke koncepcija mreže koja je karakteristična za zračni promet, njene prednosti i značaj za nesmetano odvijanje opskrbnih lanaca. Svaka vrsta hub and spoke mreže zasebno će se prikazati i objasniti.The importance of Intermodal Transport, as a new modern form of transport, is reflected in the advantages it offers by including more transport modes in the transport of the same cargo handling unit. This paper will show how airports are adapted to intermodal transport, and their role and tasks in freight supply chains will be explained in more detail. The cargo flows through which the cargo passes in order to reach the end user will be analyzed and accordingly, the chronological sequence of actions taken at airports on arrival and departure of cargo will be shown. In addition, the paper will analyze the hub and spoke concept of the network that is characteristic of air traffic, its advantages and importance for the smooth running of supply chains. Each type of hub and spoke network will be presented and explained separately
Competitiveness Factors of Transport Branches Within Transport Chains
No full textTransport robe je prijevoz robe (sirovina, strojeva, alata, gotovih proizvoda, poluproizvoda te druge robe) s jednog mjesta na drugo sredstvima javnog ili vlastitog transporta. Transport je jedna od osnovnih grana privrede koja izravno utječe na život svih nas. Moglo bi se reći da je transport temelj na kojem se zasniva suvremeni svijet, veza svih grana industrije i temelj za funkcioniranje svih njezinih dijelova. Jedno od najvažnijih pitanja za korisnika transportnih usluga je sami izbor optimalnog oblika transporta. Svaka vrsta transporta ima određene karakteristike koje treba točno definirati i u tom smislu treba dati ocjenu svakog tipa transportnog sredstva. Takva stručna ocjena prijevoznih sredstava važna je i za analizu postojećeg stanja i za planiranje budućeg razvoja.Transport of goods is the transport of the supplies (raw materials, machines, tools, end products, semi-end products and other goods) from one place to another by public or private means of transport. Transportation is one of the main sectors of the economy that directly affects the lives of all of us. It could be said that the transport is the foundation on which the modern world is based, the connection of all branches of industry and the basis for the functioning of all its parts. One of the most important questions for the user of transport services is the choice of the optimal form of transport. Each type of transport has certain characteristics that need to be precisely defined and in that sense, an assessment of each type of means of transport should be given. Such an expert assessment of means of transport is important both for the analysis of the current situation and for planning future development
Analysis of Road Network in Varaždin Country with Suggestions for Improvement
No full textPromet je jedna od osnovnih djelatnosti ljudskog društva čiji je osnovni cilj osigurati efikasno i sigurno kretanje transportnih entiteta. Na temelju prikupljenih podataka vezanih za Varaždinsku županiju analizirana je cestovna mreža županije. Opisan je geoprometni položaj županije i njezin značaj u povezivanju Republike Hrvatske s europskim prometnim sustavom. Analizom prostorno – planske dokumentacije prikazana je razvijenost trenutnog stanja prometnog sustava. Na temelju podataka o brojanju prometa koje objavljuju „Hrvatske ceste d.o.o.“, dobiven je uvid u trend kretanja prometne potražnje na javnim cestama županije. Navedeni su određeni nedostaci na cestovno mreži županije na temelju kojih su dani prijedlozi poboljšanja cjelokupne cestovne mreže Varaždinske županije.Transport is one of the basic activities of human society whose main goal is to ensure efficient and safe movement of transport entities. Based on the collected data related to Varaždin County, the road network of the county was analyzed. The geo-traffic position of the county and its importance in connecting the Croatia with the European transport system are described. The analysis of planning documentation shows the development of the current state of the transport system. Based on the data on traffic counting published by "Hrvatske ceste d.o.o.", it was obtained in the trend of traffic demand on public roads of the county. Certain disadvantages on the road network of the county are listed, on the basis of which suggestions were made for the improvement of the entire road network of Varaždin County
Analysis of advanced driver assistance system in road vehicles
No full textNapredni i sigurnosni sustavi u vozilima služe za olakšavanje upravljanja vozilom, kao i prevenciji sudara i nesreća u prometu, te smanjenju ozbiljnosti njihovih posljedica. Dijele se na aktivne i pasivne sustave. Aktivni čimbenici sigurnosti imaju važnu ulogu pri prevenciji sudara i nesreća pružajući upozorenja ili pomažući vozačima u skretanju te kontroliranju vozila putem senzora, radara, lidara, te kamera. Također je važno naglasiti da se korištenjem ovakvih sustava mogu uvesti i različite razine autonomne vožnje, a sa popriličnom sigurnošću se može i očekivati da će u bliskoj budućnosti sve više elektroničkih sustava aktivne sigurnosti postati dio standardne opreme u automobilima.Advanced and safety systems in vehicles serve to facilitate vehicle management, as well as to prevent collisions and accidents in traffic, and to reduce the severity of their consequences. They are divided into active and passive accident systems. Active factors of safety systems play an important role in preventing collisions and accidents by warning or assisting drivers to turn and control vehicles through sensors, radars, lidars, and cameras.It is also important to emphasize that the use of such systems can introduce different levels of autonomous driving, and with considerable certainty it can be expected that in the near future more and more electronic active safety systems will become part of standard equipment in cars
Defining Safety Occurrences in the Implementation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Controlled and Uncontrolled Airspace
No full textZavršni rad obrađuje sigurnosne prepreke koje se nalaze pred integracijom bespilotnih letjelica u Europi. Povećana upotreba bespilotnih letjelica donosi mnoge rizike na koje organizacije poput Eurocontrol-a, EASA-e, i SESAR JU aktivno utječu kako bi njihova integracija bila što efikasnija. Sustav upravljanja sigurnosti je ključni alat za prepoznavanje sigurnosnih događaja, poput zagušenja zračnog prostora, koji prijete integraciji bespilotnih letjelica, te će se prikazati sigurnosna procjena njihovih operacija. S obzirom na to da se bespilotne letjelice mogu kategorizirati na različite načine, njihova pravila i regulacije bi isto trebale biti specificirane ovisno o kategoriji. SESAR JU je sa svojim partnerima pokrenuo ili planira pokrenuti mnoštvo projekata koje bi razriješile tehničku, regulatornu i problematiku upravljanja zračnim prostorom (eng. Air Traffic Management – ATM) kako bi uspješno obavili integraciju.This thesis describes safety obstacles that can be found in the process of integrating unmanned aerial vehicles – UAV into the European airspace. Increased usage of the UAVs brings many risk on which organisations such as Eurocontrol, EASA, SESAR JU actively impact so their integration presents efficient. Safety management system – SMS is the key tool for recognising safety occurrences, such as airspace overload, which presents a threat to their integration, and so the safety assessment will be presented in this paper. Regarding that the UAVs can be categorised on variety of ways, their rules and regulations should also be specified according to their category. SESAR JU is along with their partner started working on vast amount of projects that would resolve problems of technical, regulatory or ATM nature, regarding their integration