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Peirce’s Pragmatism, Semiotics, and Physical Representation
Full text linkCharles Peirce is widely credited as the originator of semiotics, or the general theory of signs, and recognized as the founder of American pragmatism, albeit in that peculiar kind Peirce himself went on to distinguish as “pragmaticism.” The semiotic and pragmatist strands in Peirce’s thought come together in an appraisal of scientific diagrammatic representations. Peirce’s pragmatic maxim entails that the consequences of a sign inform our entire conception of the sign, while his most considered semiotic system entails that a complex sign partakes of iconic, indexical, and symbolic aspects. We illustrate Peirce’s insights by means of the celebrated Feynman Diagrams in Quantum Electrodynamics. We argue that Peirce’s late, post-1903, semiotics provides an adequate characterization of such “hypoicons,” and his pragmatic maxim explains how they can motivate and drive inquiry. We conclude that Peirce’s pragmatic approach to scientific diagrams remains a viable position that skillfully avoids dogmatic scientism and nihilistic skepticism alike.Proyecto de I+D, PID2021-126416NB-I00, del del Programa Estatal para Impulsar la Investigación Científico-Técnica y su Transferencia, del Plan Estatal
de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 (España)
Tren de aragua: the transnacionalization of organized crime through migrant smuggling
Full text linkEste artículo presenta los hallazgos de un estudio cualitativo exploratorio cuyo objetivo es explicar el proceso de transnacionalización del Tren de Aragua. Para ello, se analizan el tipo de estructura criminal, las principales actividades ilícitas que desarrolla y la gobernanza criminal que ejerce en Venezuela. Argumentamos que el proceso de transnacionalización fue impulsado principalmente por tres factores: (1) la forma de transnacionalización empleada, que se basó en un sistema de franquicias vinculadas a un mando central y definió el tipo de organización criminal en que se convirtió el Tren de Aragua; (2) la centralidad del tráfico de migrantes en las actividades de esta estructura criminal, que facilitó su expansión hacia el sur del subcontinente; y (3) el control territorial que ejerce, caracterizado por ser un sistema dual que combina la utilización de métodos de cooptación y de coerció
Effects of the Use of Emotional Intelligence and Artistic Tools on Conflict Management in Schools
Full text linkIntroducción Este estudio combina el pensamiento creativo, la innovación y la sencillez para presentar las realidades cotidianas de la vida y el trabajo en las escuelas. Se basa en una serie de sesiones de formación y reuniones con el personal educativo que condujeron a una mayor motivación, una voluntad de cambio y la adopción de métodos de trabajo mejorados. Estas transformaciones han repercutido positivamente en la vida y las prácticas profesionales de los educadores. La investigación se basa en la inteligencia emocional, un concepto estudiado durante más de tres décadas y reconocido como fundamental en ámbitos como la educación. La inteligencia emocional permite a los educadores percibir, comprender y regular las emociones, fomentando el equilibrio en las relaciones interpersonales. Daniel Goleman compara la inteligencia emocional con un lenguaje, destacando su facilidad de aprendizaje y los componentes esenciales necesarios para una interacción eficaz en el aula. Método El estudio empleó un método mixto para evaluar la influencia de la inteligencia emocional en la gestión de conflictos entre los participantes. Se evaluó el pensamiento creativo, las capacidades de resolución de problemas y las estrategias utilizadas en los retos educativos cotidianos. Además, la investigación examinó cómo la integración del aprendizaje socioemocional (SEL) en la resolución de conflictos mejora los métodos de los educadores para gestionar los retos interpersonales. El estudio también destaca los modelos emocionales desarrollados a lo largo del tiempo y sus conexiones con distintos tipos de conflictos y sus orígenes. El programa de intervención para la gestión de conflictos se basa en el Modelo ABCDEF, creado por Albert Alice, y en el proceso de aprendizaje social (SEL) y los cinco ámbitos básicos que lo componen. Resultados Los resultados de la investigación confirmaron que el grupo de empoderamiento,. piedra angular del estudio, proporcionó a los profesores una experiencia de aprendizaje rica y diversa. El grupo amplió sus conocimientos profesionales y fomentó un clima social óptimo de aprendizaje. Al incorporar herramientas artísticas a la gestión de conflictos, el programa hizo que el proceso resultara ameno, lo que condujo a mejoras significativas en los resultados. Los resultados, tanto cuantitativos como cualitativos, demostraron la eficacia de este enfoque a la hora de equipar a los educadores para gestionar los conflictos de forma creativa y constructiva
Robinson Crusoe with a Cellphone: A Task-Based Proposal for Higher Secondary Education
Full text linkRobinson Crusoe has captured the imagination of young readers and has been used as a tool for didactic purposes over the centuries. Throughout this article, it will be argued that there is a need to promote literary education and reading habits within the English as a Second Language area in secondary education using classics such as this novel and an innovation educational project is proposed. Moreover, to connect with the students interests and ways of expression and the current and future social demands, the themes and topics of the novel will be introduced through selected extracts from the original text to also promote media literacy in higher secondary education, in an inter-disciplinary approach. If Crusoe’s story were to happen today, the internet would offer practical applications to adapt to the situation, or to solve it, which is why this is a learning situation that explores some of these possibilities in a task-based, fun, and creative way. The ultimate goal is to inspire teachers to use or adapt this proposal to a variety of educational contexts since it pursues to promote genuine communication in English and introduce students to a literary masterpiece, endorsing the responsible and adequate use of creative technological tools
Coactivation of the Pelvic Floor and Gluteus Medius Muscles While Walking and Running in Female Runners
Full text linkBackground: Pelvic-floor-muscle (PFM) activation acts synergistically with multiple muscles while performing functional actions in humans. The purpose of this study was to characterize the activity of the PFMs and gluteus medius (GM) while walking and running in physically active nulliparous females. (2) Methods: The peak and average amplitude of maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) during 60 s of walking (5 and 7 km/h) and running (9 and 11 km/h) were measured with electromyography of the GM and PFMs in 10 healthy female runners. (3) Results: The activation of both muscles increased (p < 0.001) while walking and running. The MVC of the GM was reached when walking and tripled when running, while the PFMs were activated at half their MVC when running. The global ratio of the GM (75.3%) was predominant over that of the PFMs (24.6%) while static and walking. The ratio reached 9/1 (GM/PFM) while running. (4) Conclusion: The GM and PFMs were active while walking and running. The GM’s MVC tripled at high speeds, while the PFMs reached only half of their maximum contraction
Impure, independent or proletarian: the positioning of Manuel Villegas López in 1936
Full text linkEl debate sobre el papel de la crítica cinematográfica en tiempos de la República motivó que los críticos se agrupasen en distintas organizaciones enfrentadas. Entre ellas: la Unión de Redactores Cinematográficos, que representaba los intereses empresariales y era acusada de impura y deshonesta; el Grupo de Escritores Cinematográficos Independientes, que agrupaba a los liberales y era acusado de elitista y pretensioso; y la Asociación Amigos de Nuestro Cinema, organización marxista acusada de materialista y revolucionaria. El artículo estudia la postura del crítico cinematográfico Manuel Villegas López en este debate. A la luz del análisis de sus textos, sostenemos que pasa de una postura liberal a otra marxista
Kinetics and Kinematics of the Push Press, Push Jerk, and Split Jerk
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to explore the kinetics and kinematics across incremental loads with the push press (PP), push jerk (PJ), and split jerk (SJ). Eighteen resistance-trained men performed the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) tests (visit 1) 3–7 days before an incremental loading protocol (60, 75, and 90% 1RM) of the 3 exercises (visit 2). Kinetics and kinematics were derived from force-time data and compared using a repeated-measures analysis of variance with load and exercise as within-subject factors. Dependent variables for the biomechanics assessment were categorized as output (power and impulse), driver (force and work), and strategy (displacement and duration) metrics. The interrepetition reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient and coefficient of variation. The PP, PJ, and SJ 1RM performance were 89.7 ± 15.4, 95.6 ± 14.4, and 103.0 ± 16.9 kg, respectively. Driver, strategy, and outcome metrics displayed moderate-to-excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.58–0.98) reliability with acceptable variability (% coefficient of variation: 2.02–10.00). Increased load resulted in significantly large increases in force, work, displacement, duration, power, and impulse (p 75 > 60% 1RM) during the SJ exercise to maximize output, driver, and strategy kinetics and kinematics
Acute Effect of Fixed vs. Self-Selected Rest Interval Between Sets on Physiological and Performance-Related Responses
Full text linkBackground: Although the comparison between self-managed rest and fixed rest periods in subjects experienced in lower-limb strength training has been investigated, the results remain unclear due to controversies among some studies. Therefore, the present study aimed to analyze the role of self managed rest versus fixed rest in athletic performance, mean propulsive velocity, velocity loss, muscle oxygen saturation, and rest time in trained subjects.
Methods: Thirteen subjects with a minimum of one year of training experience (age (years): 26.31 ± 3.84; height (cm): 175.46 ± 5.61; weight (kg): 79.24 ± 6.83) were randomly assigned to two groups (self-selected rest group [SR] = 7 and fixed rest group [FR] = 6). The subjects underwent a session for evaluation (one maximum repetition (1RM) estimation, familiarization, and data collection) and another day for a traditional strength training session for the back squat, consisting of five sets of four repetitions at 80% of 1RM. One group took
a fixed 2 min break, while the other group managed their breaks autonomously (resuming when they felt ready to perform the next set at maximum velocity). Mean propulsive velocity (MPV) was monitored using a linear position transducer, and muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) was measured with a near-infrared spectroscopy device; Results: Significant differences between the groups were found for the rest time between the first and second sets (SR 97.29 ± 23.70 seg vs. FR 120 ± 0.00 seg). However, no differences were found for MPV, velocity loss, or SmO2
Conclusions: Given the similarities in performance and physiological outcomes between fixed and self-selected rest conditions,
both can be used equally depending on the preferences and training goals of coaches and athletes
Treatment of digital advertising in the online press in the Community of Madrid according to geographical character [Tratamiento dela publicidad digital en prensa online en la Comunidad de Madrid según el carácter geográfico]
No full textThis study focuses on the degree of influence that the geographic nature of the advertiser may have on the origin, format and typology of its online advertising. Focusing on one location, the headquarters of the Camilo José Cela University in Madrid, the online advertising of four of its leading digital newspapers was studied for 15 days and, after classifying the advertisements according to whether they are from international, national or local companies, their origin, format and type of advertising were studied.
The results of this study show the different behaviour of digital advertising depending on the geographic nature
Gestión de la felicidad y emprendimiento universitario: revisión de la literatura
Full text linkThe increasing importance of the concept of happiness management in the last 10 years makes it necessary to review the literature to assess the main lines of research and the possible gaps. Additionally, there is a need for more business and entrepreneurship education within universities. Therefore, this paper aims to contribute to the advancement of happiness management in the context of university entrepreneurship, where the existing relationships between the constructs happiness management and entrepreneurship and happiness and entrepreneurship are identified. In this work a literature review is made, where through five filtering processes a total of 391 articles selected as object of study are reached. Subsequently, the state of the art is discussed and the thematic areas of research on university entrepreneurship in relation to happiness management are identified, which are: the analysis of management and business organization, the business models, the types of entrepreneurships, the financing and the capabilities and training as the most prominent topics. In the end, the contributions of this study to the state of the art and the conclusions reached are mentioned, determining, through the identification of the different thematic areas, the roadmap for the implementation of future happiness management strategies within university entrepreneurship