Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"
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A new frequency-dependent threshold for irreversibility in non-Brownian suspensions
No full textNon-Brownian suspensions of smooth spherical particles behave as Newtonian fluids under steady shear, yet exhibit complex responses under oscillatory shear, including a transition to absorbing state. In this state, particles align with the shear direction, reducing interactions and lowering the complex viscosity. Classical theory predicts this transition to a reversible absorbing state to be strain-rate independent, occurring below a strain amplitude threshold that depends only on particle volume fraction, γ0 < γcl(φ). However, recent simulations by Ge et al. showed that weak van der Waals interactions introduce a frequency dependence under oscillatory shear, giving rise to a new critical strain amplitude threshold γ0 > γcr (ω, φ). In this study, we experimentally validate this frequency-dependent threshold through time-sweep oscillatory shear tests on suspensions of hollow glass spheres in a Newtonian matrix. Our results confirm that γcr is inversely proportional to frequency. This complements the classical, volume-fraction-dependent threshold and defines a bounded regime in which the system can reach a reversible absorbing state. Outside this regime, the suspension remains in an irreversible state, governed by particle collisions, either due to high strain amplitudes inducing steady-shear-like interactions, or due to particle clustering at low amplitudes, where collisions persist within clusters. Importantly, at sufficiently low frequencies, the absorbing state becomes inaccessible, as γcr exceeds γcl. This behavior is here confirmed by experiments at very low frequencies, further validating our findings. These results enhance the understanding of microstructural dynamics in dense suspensions and highlight the critical roles of strain amplitude and frequency in governing the reversible-to-irreversible transition
Impact of cow and buffalo milk consumption on colorectal cancer progression
No full textColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, profoundly
influenced by diet, lifestyle and the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Among dietary
factors, milk and dairy products are a fascinating but controversial topic in cancer research.
Although traditionally considered a key food source, milk also contains a complex mixture of
proteins, peptides, lipids and micronutrients that can actively influence intestinal physiology
and cellular behaviour.
This project was designed to explore the biological link between milk components and
colorectal cancer cells. Comparing bovine and buffalo milk, both in their whole form and after
simulated gastrointestinal digestion, the study aimed to understand whether digestion could
improve the release of bioactive molecules capable of modulating cell survival, proliferation
and death.
The soluble milk fractions were first characterised and then tested in vitro on human CRC
models, HT-29 and LoVo, to evaluate their biological impact. Subsequently, specific peptides
identified by mass spectrometry, including β-casomorphins, were examined for their
mechanisms of action, focusing on their potential interaction with opioid receptors and their
role in regulating cell fate.
This work provides new insights into how different components of milk, particularly those
generated during digestion, can interact with gut cells in ways that can affect cancer-related
pathways. The results offer a scientific basis for considering milk not only as a nutrient but also
as a source of bioactive compounds with possible therapeutic relevance.Il cancro del colon-retto (CRC) è uno dei tumori più diffusi al mondo, profondamente
influenzato dalla dieta, dallo stile di vita e dalla composizione del microbiota intestinale. Tra i
fattori dietetici, il latte e i latticini rappresentano un argomento affascinante ma controverso
nella ricerca sul cancro. Sebbene tradizionalmente considerato una fonte alimentare
fondamentale, il latte contiene anche una miscela complessa di proteine, peptidi, lipidi e
micronutrienti che possono influenzare attivamente la fisiologia intestinale e il comportamento
cellulare.
Questo progetto è stato ideato per esplorare il legame biologico tra i componenti del latte e le
cellule del cancro del colon-retto. Confrontando il latte bovino e quello di bufala, sia nella loro
forma intera che dopo simulazione della digestione gastrointestinale, lo studio mira a capire se
la digestione possa migliorare il rilascio di molecole bioattive in grado di modulare la
sopravvivenza, la proliferazione e la morte cellulare.
Le frazioni solubili del latte sono state prima caratterizzate e poi testate in vitro su modelli CRC
umani, HT-29 e LoVo, per valutarne l'impatto biologico. Successivamente, specifici peptidi
identificati mediante spettrometria di massa, tra cui le β-casomorfin, sono stati esaminati per i
loro meccanismi d'azione, focalizzando l’attenzione sulla loro potenziale interazione con i
recettori degli oppioidi e sul loro ruolo nella regolazione del destino cellulare.
Questo lavoro fornisce nuove informazioni su come i diversi componenti del latte, in particolare
quelli generati durante la digestione, possano interagire con le cellule intestinali in modi che
possono influenzare vie di segnalazione correlate al tumore. I risultati offrono una base
scientifica per considerare il latte non solo come nutriente ma anche come fonte di composti
bioattivi con possibile rilevanza terapeutica
Integrazione di simulazioni numeriche e LCA per la valutazione della sostenibilità di packaging alimentari in materiali cellulosici
No full textThis PhD research addresses the replacement of plastic food packaging with cellulose-based solutions, aiming to assess-through an integrated approach-the technical feasibility and the environmental benefits of transitioning to paper materials formed by deep drawing.
The study is framed within European policies targeting the reduction of packaging waste and the promotion of a circular economy, in a context where packaging sustainability cannot be judged solely by the choice of material, but requires a systemic life-cycle perspective.
The work is structured along two complementary research streams.
The first, technical and experimental, investigates the feasibility of producing a paper-based food tray by deep drawing with a geometry equivalent to a conventional plastic tray, while ensuring a wrinkle-free and crack-free heat-sealable rim. After mechanical characterisation of the material (tensile tests in machine direction and cross direction under different thermo-hygrometric conditions), an explicit FEM model was developed in Abaqus and validated against physical trials on real trays. A parametric analysis based on Design of Experiments (DOE) was then carried out to identify the process-material window that guarantees paper formability and rim quality. To support large simulation campaigns, an automated simulation and post-processing pipeline was implemented to extract quantitative quality indicators, including wrinkle count and material failure.
The second research stream focuses on the comparative environmental assessment through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in accordance with ISO 14040/14044. Technical data derived from the forming phase (mass, thickness, process yield) were integrated into four functionally equivalent product scenarios: virgin paper, recycled paper, virgin PET, and recycled PET. Using the ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint and Endpoint (H) methods, the analysis provided a quantitative comparison of impacts in terms of climate change, energy use, and waste generation.
Overall, the results show that substituting plastic with paper cannot be considered universally advantageous: the outcome depends on the balance between technical performance, material mass, and end-of-life management. The original contribution of this research lies in the methodological integration of FEM simulation and LCA, enabling the sustainability of paper-based packaging to be quantified under realistic operating conditions, beyond purely qualitative or theoretical evaluations. Finally, the thesis provides a scientific basis for designing cellulose-based packaging that is both technically reliable and environmentally justified, and offers a methodological reference for the development of new materials and processes in sustainable packaging.Il presente lavoro di dottorato affronta il tema della sostituzione degli imballaggi alimentari in
plastica con soluzioni a base cellulosica, con l'obiettivo di valutare in modo integrato la fattibilità
tecnica e il vantaggio ambientale della transizione verso materiali cartacei formati per imbutitura
profonda.
La ricerca si colloca nel quadro delle politiche europee di riduzione dei rifiuti da imballaggio e di
promozione dell'economia circolare, in un contesto in cui la sostenibilità degli imballaggi non può
essere valutata unicamente sulla base del materiale, ma attraverso un'analisi sistemica dell'intero
ciclo di vita.
Il lavoro si articola in due direttrici complementari.
La prima, tecnico-sperimentale, ha mirato a verificare la possibilità di realizzare una vaschetta
alimentare in carta mediante imbutitura profonda, con geometria equivalente a quella in plastica, ma
priva di grinze e rotture nel bordo saldabile. Dopo la caratterizzazione meccanica del materiale (prove
di trazione in MD e CD, a diverse condizioni termo-igrometriche), è stato sviluppato un modello
FEM esplicito in Abaqus, validato mediante prove fisiche su vaschette reali. L'analisi parametrica
svolta mediante Design Of Experiment (DOE) ha permesso di individuare la finestra di processo e
di materiale che garantisce la formabilità della carta e la qualità del bordo saldabile, introducendo
una pipeline automatizzata di simulazione e post-processing per l'estrazione di indici di qualità
(numero di grinze e rottura del materiale).
La seconda direttrice, ambientale, ha riguardato la valutazione comparativa degli impatti tramite Life
Cycle Assessment (LCA) condotta secondo le norme ISO 14040/14044. I dati tecnici ottenuti dalla
fase di formatura (massa, spessore, resa di processo) sono stati integrati in quattro scenari di prodotto
equivalenti: carta vergine, carta riciclata, PET vergine e PET riciclato. L'analisi, eseguita con il
metodo ReCiPe 2016 Midpoint e Endpoint (H), ha fornito una comparazione quantitativa degli
impatti in termini di cambiamento climatico, consumo energetico e produzione di rifiuti.
I risultati evidenziano come la sostituibilità della plastica con la carta non possa essere considerata
una soluzione universalmente vantaggiosa, ma dipenda da un equilibrio tra prestazione tecnica,
massa impiegata e gestione del fine vita. Il contributo originale della ricerca risiede nella integrazione
metodologica fra simulazione FEM e analisi LCA, che consente di quantificare la sostenibilità della
carta in condizioni operative realistiche, superando le valutazioni puramente qualitative o teoriche. Il lavoro fornisce infine una base scientifica per la progettazione di packaging cellulosici
tecnicamente affidabili e ambientalmente giustificati, ponendosi come riferimento metodologico per
lo sviluppo di nuovi materiali e processi nel settore degli imballaggi sostenibili
Rethinking entrepreneurial ecosystems: Evaluating the performance impact of top-down design
No full textInnovazioni terapeutiche nella proctite attinica cronica: valutazione della radiofrequenza endoscopica come alternativa alle tecniche tradizionali.
No full text1. Abstract Introduction Chronic actinic proctitis is a late complication of pelvic radiotherapy, caused by ischemic microvascular lesions that lead to chronic rectal bleeding, anemia, and a reduction in quality of life. Traditional therapies, including argon plasma coagulation (APC), although effective, are burdened by ulcerations and stenosis. Materials and Methods Radiofrequency ablation (RFA), already successfully used for esophageal lesions, provides controlled and superficial necrosis, promoting mucosal re-epithelialization. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RFA in the treatment of refractory chronic actinic proctitis, comparing it with conventional endoscopic techniques. Selected patients were treated with a BarrxTM through-the-scope catheter, applying an energy of 10 J/cm2 (300 W). Endoscopic follow-up, using white light and narrow-band imaging (NBI), monitored re-epithelialization and the onset of complications. Results: Between January 1, 2023, and October 31, 2024, 15 patients with symptomatic CRP refractory to conventional medical therapy were enrolled. All patients underwent endoscopic treatment with RFA and subsequent follow-up until October 31, 2025. Control of rectal bleeding was achieved in thirteen patients (86.6%) after 1 or 2 sessions. In the remaining two cases, a significant reduction in bleeding was observed, although not complete remission. Ten patients received a single session (66.6%), while five patients required a second application after 6-8 weeks (33.3%). The complete remission of bleeding observed in 86.6% of patients and partial remission in the remaining 13.4% confirm the hemostatic efficacy of RFA, in line with the findings of major international trials. The progressive improvement in hemoglobin levels and the elimination of transfusion requirements within the first few months after treatment indicate an early and lasting clinical response. Endoscopically, the complete re-epithelialization of the rectal mucosa, with regression of telangiectasias and normalization of the vascular pattern, documented in all patients at the 24-month follow-up, demonstrates that the healing achieved is not only morphological but also functional. The complete absence of ulcerations, stenosis, or late fibrosis confirms the precision and selectivity of radiofrequency-induced superficial ablation, which allows for the preservation of the structural integrity of the rectal wall. Discussion This study represents one of the most recent experiences of the application of endoscopic radiofrequency (RFA) in the treatment of refractory chronic actinic proctitis (CRP), a complex and highly disabling clinical condition that can arise in patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy for prostate, rectal, endometrial, or cervical cancer. The results obtained in our series highlight the high efficacy of RFA in controlling rectal bleeding and mucosal regeneration, with an excellent safety profile and significant clinical improvement maintained over time. Conclusions Endoscopic radiofrequency has been confirmed as an effective, safe, and minimally invasive method for chronic actinic proctitis, capable of ensuring long-lasting bleeding control and excellent mucosal healing
Inclusive Marketing, Value Creation Strategies, and Social Sustainability
No full textWhat is inclusive marketing and why has it become so important for marketers? Inclusive marketing is speaking to a diverse audience and learning that new language makes it possible to address also vulnerable and marginalised groups.
Brands act as cultural agents, shaping the experiences people encounter daily and inclusive marketing is a tool to build corporate identity, helping firms differentiate themselves while aligning with broader societal goals. Inclusive marketing can unlock new market opportunities and foster equality and social inclusion. However, authentic inclusive marketing strategies are essential to avoid backlash and accusations of “woke-washing.”
Grounded in rigorous academic and multidisciplinary research, this book combines theory analysis, case studies, firsthand experiences, and essays from international scholars, professionals, and experts. It explores opportunities, challenges, and practical approaches to inclusive marketing strategies that benefit businesses and society.
A valuable resource for academics, researchers, and students on Advanced Marketing, Business Strategy, and Communication courses, it also serves professionals wishing to enhance their strategies and contribute to a socially inclusive future
Il suono in pubblicità e propaganda. Fonosimbolismo in forme di comunicazione persuasiva
No full textLa ricerca analizza il ruolo dell'iconicità del suono negli atti di comunicazione persuasiva del linguaggio pubblicitario e propagandistico
Pain characterization in osteosarcopenia: an exploratory study
No full textObjective: To characterize pain in terms of frequency, intensity, and correlation with nutritional status, muscle mass, and physical performance in osteosarcopenic patients.
Method: We included patients affected by osteosarcopenia (OSP), according to WHO criteria and EWGSOP2 guidelines. Assessments included Bone Mineral Density, Trabecular Bone Score and Appendicular Lean Mass, Handgrip Strength, Short Physical Performance Battery, and SARC-F. Pain was investigated by the Brief Pain Inventory, quality of life by the EuroQol-5D-3L, the nutritional status by the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form, and the level of physical activity by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.
Results: We included 42 OSP patients with a mean age of 69.3 ± 11.3 years. Pain frequency was 78.6%. Pain severity was inversely correlated with lean mass, nutritional status, and physical performance. Pain interference correlated with impaired motor skills, balance and gait speed, and poor quality of life.
Conclusion: Pain is highly frequent and moderately correlated in individuals with OSP highlighting the need for integrated interventions focused on muscle health to improve quality of life and reduce fall and fracture risks