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The impact of leadership interventions on neonatal care: a systematic review of current literature
No full textEffective leadership is essential in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), where complex, high-stakes environments require coordinated multidisciplinary teamwork. Strong leadership improves clinical outcomes, team performance, and staff well-being. This systematic review assesses various leadership models and interventions in NICUs to identify best practices and areas for future research. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, covering studies published from 2010 to October 2024. Articles were screened using the PRISMA guidelines, and inclusion criteria focused on primary studies in NICU settings evaluating leadership interventions. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Nine studies from diverse countries and research designs were included. Leadership interventions varied from simulation-based training programs to co-leadership models. High-fidelity simulation boot camps significantly improved self-perceived skills, teamwork, and leadership confidence among trainees. While most studies reported positive impacts on team performance and patient safety, one large-scale quality improvement program showed no significant improvement in clinical outcomes for very-low-birth-weight infants. Conclusion: The findings emphasize that leadership interventions, including structured training and co-leadership, enhance team dynamics and clinical outcomes in NICUs. However, variability in study designs and reliance on self-reported data highlight the need for standardized evaluation methods. Future research should focus on long-term impacts, cross-context comparisons, and refining leadership frameworks to address the unique challenges of NICU settings. Promoting effective leadership not only improves patient care but also fosters a resilient and collaborative work environment. (Table presented.
Looking for a Balance Between Memories, Patrimonialization, and Tourism: Sustainable Approaches to Industrial Heritage Regeneration in Northwestern Italy
No full textHistorically renowned for its industrialization, Northwestern Italy is undergoing significant economic transformations after the late 20th century deindustrialization, whose profound impacts present challenges for the development of sustainable approaches to the territory’s urban and rural memoryscapes revitalization. This paper critically analyses three cases in Ponte Lambro, Sesto San Giovanni, and Genoa, whose industrial histories allow for studying how industrial heritage-making projects can promote socioeconomic opportunities and tourism, balancing community well-being, conservation needs, and social inclusion. The study focuses on what heritage is meant to achieve and how the past and its ties are retroactively “constructed” more than on the material constitution of heritage, examining the initiatives’ contribution to long-term social, cultural, and environmental sustainability. It also applies the analytical method proposed by Muzaini and Minca (2018) to evaluate the inhabitants’ involvement in the heritage-making process. Findings suggest heritage valorization contributes to the creation of complex collective identities and territorial regeneration, although management contradictions and challenges emerge, such as the absence of an integrated and participatory approach. This shows the complexity of heritage-making processes, fluctuating between new meanings, the risk of marginalizing relevant aspects of local memory, the need for sustainable preservation, and the challenges of its touristic and economic consumption
Shaping Immigration Explicit and Implicit Attitudes With Framing: The Role of Self-Reported Political Orientation, RWA, and SDO
No full textImmigration is a complex phenomenon that significantly involves most Western countries. Political parties often hold divergent views on immigration, which deeply influence their supporters and contribute to societal polarization. To address this divide, moral framing-a technique proven effective in other contexts, such as environmental issues-could offer a promising solution. However, there has been little research on how this approach is influenced by specific aspect of the political ideology, such as Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) and Social Dominance Orientation (SDO), or its impact on implicit attitude changes. The present study (N = 230) explored the effectiveness of moral framing in bridging the gap between conservative and liberal individuals in their explicit and implicit attitudes towards immigration. Participants in two experimental groups were presented with a video that ended with either a binding or individualizing moral message in which two immigrants described their positive experiences. A video about unrelated issues was presented in the control condition. Findings showed that conservative individuals expressed less negative explicit and implicit attitudes toward immigration when exposed to the binding moral framing compared to the control group. However, no significant differences emerged between participants exposed to the binding versus individualizing frames. Overall, results indicated that moral framing had a limited effect, but exposure to exemplars of positive integration was effective in shifting both the explicit and implicit attitudes of more conservative individuals, thereby fostering greater consensus across the political spectrum
The Evolving Features of Takotsubo Syndrome
No full textPurpose of the ReviewTakotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a transient form of left ventricular dysfunction, typically affecting post-menopausal females, often preceded by emotional or physical stressful events that act as triggers. Initially believed to be a rare and benign condition for its reversible nature, TTS has recently emerged as a complex multifaceted clinical entity, with heterogenous clinical presentations and a non-negligible risk of serious in-hospital complications, including acute heart failure, arrhythmias and death.Recent FindingsEmerging pathophysiological hypotheses, ranging from microvascular dysfunction to systemic inflammation, offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of TTS. Moreover, increasing awareness of potential complications during the acute phase of the disease underscores its significant prognostic implications and emphasizes the need for randomized clinical trials to guide the therapeutic management of TTS.SummaryIn this narrative review article, we aim to discuss the recent insights on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment and prognosis of patients affected by TTS discussing the emerging evidence and the remaining knowledge gap in the field
Benessere e corporeità nel contesto scolastico
No full textOggi il concetto di “benessere” arriva a coincidere con quello di “salute attiva” e non dipende unicamente dall’assenza di malattia ma da un insieme di componenti tra cui l’acquisizione delle life-skills e l’abitudine ad una pratica motoria giornaliera che sembra essere una tra le scelte più determinanti.
L’uomo di oggi, dirigente, insegnante o bambino che sia, si muove poco e male incorrendo in situazioni di sovrappeso, ipocinesi motoria e malessere che palesano situazioni evidenti di un basso livello di cultura del movimento. Se noi tutti conveniamo che il benessere non può essere né genetico né imposto dall’esterno ma al contrario “educabile” l’unica operazione che sembra essere oggi necessaria è quella dell’inclusione convinta e programmata di una forte cultura del movimento all’interno del nostro sistema educativo, scolastico e extrascolastico
An Investigation Into the Italian Halal Market
No full textThe process of globalization has undoubtedly led to the transformation of nations into multicultural and multi-religious societies, fostering contacts between peoples with different cultural and religious traditions and increasing possibilities for mutual understanding. Therefore, after outlining the socio-historical framework of the Islamic presence in Italy, this chapter shall explore the halal issue in Italy in terms of market, policies, services and certification process. Ultimately, the goal is to take a snapshot of the current state of halal in Italy, considering it one of the elements that qualify pluralistic societies, respectful of affiliations and differences, even beyond mere economic logic. However, the growth in demand for halal products in Italy does not seem to be accompanied by an adequate supply. Therefore, a paradigm shift is needed where the quality of “Made in Italy” meets the needs of a growing community
Essenzialità e musicalità delle parole ‘per’ la Giustizia
No full textPrendendo spunto dall’esperienza dei cicli seminariali di "Giustizia e letteratura" (organizzati dall'Alta Scuola Federico Stella sulla Giustizia Penale (ASGP) dell'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore), l'Autrice riflette sulle parole e le espressioni utilizzate nei discorsi (perlopiù politici) sulla giustizia. Si nota come, alle volte, la musicalità ed espressività di talune parole o frasi abbia evocato sentimenti di giustizia e adesione a valori etici, come accade nella speciale forma di manifestazione artistica degli haiku
Una vita nel segno di Carducci e nel solco di Abba: Arnaldo Foresti (1867-1944)
No full textIl contributo riassume i contenuti dell'attività di ricerca condotta nel triennio 2020-2022 da Marco Zanini sulle Carte Foresti, conservate dalla Fondazione "Ugo Da Como" di Lonato del Garda, ovvero l'insieme documentario (bozze di ricerca, lettere, appunti di studio e di lavoro) prodotto dallo studioso Arnaldo Foresti nel corso della sua attività professionale e intellettuale. Allievo di Carducci, Foresti fu studioso insigne di Petrarca, Dante, Boccaccio e Parini e successore di Giuseppe Cesare Abba nella presidenza dell'istituto "Tartaglia" di Brescia
Different Types of Social Feedback can Enhance or Reduce Performance, and Induce or Alleviate Psychosocial Stress: An Exploratory Study of the Underlying Neurophysiological Mechanisms
No full textObjectives: Social feedback plays a pivotal role in human interactions, significantly impacting psychological and behavioral processes. This study explored the effect of different types of social feedback on neurophysiological function in the context of psychosocial stress and performance. Methods: Thirty-nine healthy adults underwent a modified version of the Trier Social Stress Test, in which they prepared and gave five short speeches, each associated with a different social feedback condition: No Feedback, (NoF), Neutral Feedback (NF), Annoyed Feedback (AF), Bored Feedback (BF), and Positive Feedback (PF). Data on electroencephalography (EEG), heart rate (HR), and electrodermal activity (SCL) were collected during the speech preparation phase and following social feedback. Results: HR and SCL were significantly lower in the AF and BF conditions compared to the NoF and NF conditions. Furthermore, EEG data showed higher gamma band activity in the posterior region of interest compared to frontal and central areas; this activity increased from the NoF to the PF, NF, and BF conditions, peaking before declining in the AF condition. Beta band activity was higher in central and posterior regions than in the frontal area and increased from NoF to NF before decreasing in the BF and AF conditions. Conclusions: These results illustrate how social feedback may or may not induce psychosocial stress depending on its valence and identify some potential neurophysiological correlates of adaptive and maladaptive performance under stress