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Menstruation-Related Symptoms and Associated Factors among Female University Students in Vietnam
Get PDFMenstruation and menstrual-related symptoms, stress, and lifestyle factors can significantly affect the health and academic lives of university students. This study aimed to explore menstruation-related symptoms and associated factors among female university students in Vietnam. This study used a cross-sectional design. Data from 349 students were analyzed for menstrual and menstrual-related symptoms using the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ). We found that 92.0% and 98.9% of the students had menstrual-related symptoms in the pre- and intra-menstrual phases, respectively. The most common symptoms in each phase were backache (71.1%) in the pre-menstrual phase and fatigue (90.3%) in the intra-menstrual phase. Menstruation-related symptoms were associated with stress. These results contribute significantly to our understanding of menstrual health among Vietnamese university students. These findings imply the need to strengthen support systems for university students, especially by providing proper information about menstruation and managing stress.journal articl
A novel CT-based radiomics model for predicting response and prognosis of chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Get PDFNo clinically relevant biomarker has been identified for predicting the response of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Herein, we established a CT-based radiomics model with artificial intelligence (AI) to predict the response and prognosis of CRT in ESCC. A total of 44 ESCC patients (stage I-IV) were enrolled in this study; training (n = 27) and validation (n = 17) cohorts. First, we extracted a total of 476 radiomics features from three-dimensional CT images of cancer lesions in training cohort, selected 110 features associated with the CRT response by ROC analysis (AUC ≥ 0.7) and identified 12 independent features, excluding correlated features by Pearson’s correlation analysis (r ≥ 0.7). Based on the 12 features, we constructed 5 prediction models of different machine learning algorithms (Random Forest (RF), Ridge Regression, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, and Artificial Neural Network models). Among those, the RF model showed the highest AUC in the training cohort (0.99 [95%CI 0.86–1.00]) as well as in the validation cohort (0.92 [95%CI 0.71–0.99]) to predict the CRT response. Additionally, Kaplan-Meyer analysis of the validation cohort and all the patient data showed significantly longer progression-free and overall survival in the high-prediction score group compared with the low-prediction score group in the RF model. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the radiomics prediction score and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic biomarkers for CRT of ESCC. In conclusion, we have developed a CT-based radiomics model using AI, which may have the potential to predict the CRT response as well as the prognosis for ESCC patients with non-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness.journal articl
山口大学における教学IRデータを活用したFDの実践と評価
Get PDF本稿では，山口大学において実施した教学IRデータを活用したFD研修会について，実践内容とその評価を報告する。FD研修会では，教学IRデータとして「学修実態に関するアンケート」を単純集計やクロス集計した内容を説明した。参加者に対して実施したアンケートの結果を分析したところ，成果としては，FD研修会の満足度が高いこと，授業改善への活用が促せていること，学生支援への改善に活用できていることが分かった。一方，課題としては，FD研修会の内容の見直しの必要性や各学部に根付いたFD研修会の必要性が分かった。いくつかの課題は残るものの，教学IRデータを活用したFD研修会を実施することは，教職員に当事者意識を持ってもらう有効な手段のひとつであることが示唆された。This paper reports on the practical content and evaluation of the FD session conducted at Yamaguchi University using educational data. At the FD session, the "Current student survey questionnaire" for current students was utilized as educational data. The results of the "Current student survey questionnaire" were explained using simple and cross tabulations. According to the questionnaire answered by the participants of the FD session, it was found that the participants were highly satisfied, and that they encouraged using the results to improve teaching and student support. On the other hand, as issues, the necessity of improving the contents of FD session and the necessity of FD session that are rooted in each faculty were found to be importance. Although some issues remain, the results suggest that conducting FD session using educational data is an effective way to make faculty members more aware of the importance of their own activities.departmental bulletin pape
国公立大学の河川氾濫による浸水リスクとその対策 : 徳島大学への教訓とするために
Get PDF近年激甚化する風水害への対策は、大学においても喫緊の課題となっている。徳島大学は暴れ川として有名な吉野川の氾濫平野に位置し、網目状に流れる市内河川に囲まれた場所に立地する。そのため、学生、教職員の人命や知的財産を保護するための対策や事業継続計画（BCP：Business Continuity Plan）を十分に備えておく必要がある。本研究では、徳島大学の水害対策の一助となる知見を見出すことを目的に、①国公立大学の立地場所に着目し、河川の氾濫による浸水リスクの把握、②実際に浸水被害にあった東京都市大学へのヒアリング調査を行った。その結果、河川の氾濫による浸水被害が想定される国公立大学は全体の約40％存在しており、各キャンパス・学部の地形分類からみても、約半数の大学が浸水リスクを抱えていることを明らかにした。また、被災大学の事例から徳島大学への教訓を抽出し、今後の大学BCP の課題と方針を提案することができた。In recent years, countermeasures against wind and flood damage have become urgent, even for universities.Tokushima University is located on the flood plain of the Yoshino River, which is famous as a raging river, and is surrounded by a network of rivers. Therefore, it is necessary to take sufficient measures to protect the lives of students, faculty, and staff, as well as intellectual property, and to have a Business Continuity Plan (BCP) sufficiently developed. In this study, we conducted (1) an understanding of the risk of inundation due to river flooding, focusing on the location of national and public universities, and (2) an interview survey of universities that experienced flooding damage, to obtain knowledge to help Tokushima University in its flood countermeasures. As a result, it was found that about 40% of the national and public universities are expected to be inundated by river flooding, and that about half of the universities are at risk of inundation due to flooding, based on the topographical classification of each campus and faculty. We also extracted important lessons for Tokushima University from the case studies of universities affected by the disaster, and proposed future challenges and policies for university BCP.departmental bulletin pape
Fatty Acid Metabolism in Peroxisomes and Related Disorders
Get PDFOne of the functions of peroxisomes is oxidation of fatty acids (FAs). The importance of this function in our lives is evidenced by the presence of peroxisomal disorders caused by the genetic deletion of proteins involved in these processes. Unlike mitochondrial oxidation, peroxisomal oxidation is not directly linked to ATP production. What is the role of FA oxidation in peroxisomes? Recent studies have revealed that peroxisomes supply the building blocks for lipid synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum and facilitate intracellular carbon recycling for membrane quality control. Accumulation of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), which are peroxisomal substrates, is a diagnostic marker in many types of peroxisomal disorders. However, the relationship between VLCFA accumulation and various symptoms of these disorders remains unclear. Recently, we developed a method for solubilizing VLCFAs in aqueous media and found that VLCFA toxicity could be mitigated by oleic acid replenishment. In this review, we present the physiological role of peroxisomal FA oxidation and the knowledge obtained from VLCFA-accumulating peroxisome-deficient cell.boo
Involvement of TGFBI-TAGLN axis in cancer stem cell property of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Get PDFHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant healthcare burden globally. Previous research using single-cell transcriptome analysis identified TGFBI as a crucial marker for the partial-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (partial-EMT) program. However, the precise role of TGFBI in HNSCC progression remains unclear. Therefore, our study aimed to clarify the impact of TGFBI on the malignant behavior of HNSCC cells. Through RNA-sequencing data from the TCGA database, we validated that increased TGFBI expression correlates with a higher occurrence of lymph node metastasis and unfavorable prognosis in HNSCC cases. Functional experiments demonstrated that TGFBI overexpression enhances the ability of sphere formation, indicating stem-cell-like properties. Conversely, TGFBI depletion reduces sphere formation and suppresses the expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. RNA-sequencing analysis of TGFBI-overexpressing and control HNSCC cells revealed TAGLN as a downstream effector mediating TGFBI-induced sphere formation. Remarkably, TAGLN depletion abolished TGFBI-induced sphere formation, while its overexpression rescued the suppressed sphere formation caused by TGFBI depletion. Moreover, elevated TAGLN expression showed correlations with the expression of TGFBI and partial-EMT-related genes in HNSCC cases. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TGFBI may promote CSC properties through the upregulation of TAGLN. These novel insights shed light on the involvement of the TGFBI-TAGLN axis in HNSCC progression and hold implications for the development of targeted therapies.journal articl
Validity of Quantitative and Qualitative Assessments of Skeletal Muscles in the Lower Extremities Using Ultrasound Imaging : A Literature Review
Get PDFPurpose: To explore the use of ultrasound (US) for quantitative and qualitative assessment of muscles (especially the tongue) in dentistry, we performed investigations using muscles of the lower extremities. These muscles are often used to assess skeletal muscles in general. We aimed to determine whether there was a correlation between quantitative and qualitative assessments of lower extremity muscles using diagnostic US and computed tomography (CT) scans in adults.
Procedure: We conducted a search for English articles published in PubMed and Scopus from its inception up to October 18, 2022. We used a combination of the keywords “muscle,” “ultrasonography,” and “computed tomography” for the search. Additionally, we manually searched through relevant journals and search engines.
Main findings: After applying the inclusion criteria, we ultimately selected seven studies for inclusion in this review. These seven studies focused on muscle mass and involved ultrasonographic evaluations of muscle thickness and cross-sectional area as well as CT evaluations of muscle volume and cross-sectional area. Two studies also evaluated muscle quality using echo intensity (EI) for US assessment and CT values for CT assessment. In three of the seven studies, there was a significant correlation between the US and CT results. Three studies also determined an intraclass correlation coefficient (≥0.8 in all three) to determine the correlation between CT and US. In both studies that additionally assessed muscle quality, a strong correlation was observed between CT and US measurements.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that US can be used to perform high quality assessments of lower extremity muscles and muscle mass in healthy individuals and patients with mild or moderate disease. In the future, high quality research on the tongue is needed for application to the field of dentistry.journal articl
Acute suppression of translation by hyperthermia enhances anti-myeloma activity of carfilzomib
Get PDFHyperthermia is a unique treatment option for cancers. Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable and innovative therapeutic options are needed. We investigated the efficacy of hyperthermia and carfilzomib in combination against MM cells. Although MM cell lines exhibited different susceptibilities to pulsatile carfilzomib treatment, mild hyperthermia at 43℃ induced MM cell death in all cell lines in a time-dependent manner. Hyperthermia and carfilzomib cooperatively induced MM cell death even under suboptimal conditions. The pro-survival mediators PIM2 and NRF2 accumulated in MM cells due to inhibition of their proteasomal degradation by carfilzomib; however, hyperthermia acutely suppressed translation in parallel with phosphorylation of eIF2α to reduce these proteins in MM cells. Recovery of β5 subunit enzymatic activity from its immediate inhibition by carfilzomib was observed at 24 hours in carfilzomib-insusceptible KMS-11, OPM-2, and RPMI8226 cells, but not in carfilzomib-sensitive MM.1S cells. However, heat treatment suppressed the recovery of β5 subunit activity in these carfilzomib-insusceptible cells. Therefore, hyperthermia re-sensitized MM cells to carfilzomib. Our results suggest treatment of MM with hyperthermia in combination with carfilzomib. Further research is warranted on hyperthermia for drug-resistant extramedullary plasmacytoma.doctoral thesi