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青年期後期の子どもが認知する養育態度と感情表出および感情制御の関連 : 親子間のデジタルコミュニケーションに着目して
No full textParental nurturing attitudes significantly impact children's emotional development and regulation. In today's digital age, understanding how these attitudes influence children's emotions through digital communication is crucial. Research shows that nurturing attitudes elicit positive emotions, while overprotective attitudes suppress negative emotions. Study Ⅰ found that fathers' nurturing attitudes facilitate positive emotion expression, while overprotective attitudes inhibit negative expression. Study Ⅱ examined the immediate impact of different nurturing attitudes on late adolescents' emotional expression via simulated messaging. The results indicated no direct influence of parental attitudes on digital communication emotion expression, suggesting a direct but not indirect effect through emotion regulation strategies. Future research should expand sample sizes and consider factors like gender, family type, marital satisfaction, and social relationships.departmental bulletin pape
年齢層による主観的ウェルビーイングの構造の違いの検討 : 心理ネットワークアプローチを用いて
No full textSubjective well-being (SWB) is a multi-dimensional concept that should be investigated within and across facets. This study examined the difference in network structure of thirteen SWB-related scales among three age groups. Several scores such as life satisfaction, interdependent happiness, and social network were higher in the old group (age: 65-80) compared to the young group (age: 22-47) and the middle-aged group (age: 48-64). The network comparison test revealed the absence of any significant difference in global strength and edge weight. In contrast, the number of non-zero edges in the old group were smaller than in the other groups. The test also showed that the node strength of PHQ-9 in the middle-aged group was higher than in the old group. These results can be partly explained by the strong positivity effect that should reduce the number of risk factors for depression. Diverse work or family life situations could be another possible background that will appear as weak edges in the young and middle-aged groups and disappear in old groups.departmental bulletin pape
Robotics Perception : Intention Recognition to Determine the Handball Occurrence during a Football or Soccer Match
No full textIn football or soccer, a referee controls the game based on the set rules. The decisions made by the referee are final and can’t be appealed. Some of the decisions, especially after a handball event, whether to award a penalty kick or a yellow/red card can greatly affect the final results of a game. It is therefore necessary that the referee does not make an error. The objective is therefore to create a system that can accurately recognize such events and make the correct decision. This study chose handball, an event that occurs in a football game (Not to be confused with the game of Handball). We define a handball event using object detection and robotic perception and decide whether it is intentional or not. Intention recognition is a robotic perception of emotion recognition. To define handball, we trained a model to detect the hand and ball which are primary objects. We then determined the intention using gaze recognition and finally combined the results to recognize a handball event. On our dataset, the results of the hand and the ball object detection were 96% and 100% respectively. With the gaze recognition at 100%, if all objects were recognized, then the intention and handball event recognition were at 100%.journal articl
Development of Liver Fibrosis Represented by the Fibrosis-4 Index Is a Specific Risk Factor for Tubular Injury in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
No full textAlthough hyperglycemia and hypertension are well-known risk factors for glomerular injury in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), specific risk factors for tubular injury remain unclear. We aimed to clarify the differences between risk factors for glomerular injury and risk factors for tubular injury in individuals with T2D. We categorized 1243 subjects into four groups based on urinary biomarkers, including the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) and L-type fatty acid-binding protein-to-creatinine ratio (uL-ABPCR) as a normal (N) group (uACR < 30 mg/gCr and uL-FABPCR < 5 μg/gCr; n = 637), a glomerular specific injury (G) group (uACR ≥ 30 mg/gCr and uL-FABPCR < 5 μg/gCr; n = 248), a tubular specific injury (T) group (uACR < 30 mg/gCr and uL-FABPCR ≥ 5 μg/gCr; n = 90), and a dual injury (D) group (uACR ≥ 30 mg/gCr and uL-FABPCR ≥ 5 μg/gCr; n = 268). Logistic regression analysis referencing the N group revealed that BMI, current smoking, and hypertension were risk factors for the G group, creatinine (Cr) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index were risk factors for the T group, and BMI, hypertension, HbA1c, Cr, and duration of diabetes were risk factors for the D group. While hypertension was a distinct specific risk factor for glomerular injury, the FIB-4 index was a specific contributor to the prevalence of tubular injury. On the other hand, the logistic regression analysis revealed that the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) did not show any significant association with the G group, T group, or D group. Taken together, the development of liver fibrosis rather than liver steatosis is an inherent threat relating to tubular injury in individuals with T2D.journal articl
Intermediate phenotype between CMT2Z and DIGFAN associated with a novel MORC2 variant : a case report
No full textCharcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z is caused by MORC2 mutations and presents with axonal neuropathy. MORC2 mutations can also manifest as developmental delay, impaired growth, dysmorphic facies, and axonal neuropathy (DIGFAN). We report a patient exhibiting an intermediate phenotype between these diseases associated with a novel MORC2 variant. A literature review revealed that the genotype‒phenotype correlation in MORC2-related disorders is complex and that the same mutation can cause a variety of phenotypes.journal articl
若手に知ってほしい不随意運動症基礎研究の魅力
No full text不随意運動症の基礎研究には，さまざまなカテゴリーが存在するが，徳島大学では遺伝学的なもの，免疫組織学的なものが主に行われてきた。特に線条体の免疫組織学的な変化を追求し，苦労の中にも多くの発見の喜びを感じて研究を行ってきた。本報告は，若手脳神経外科医にこの領域の基礎研究の魅力を伝えることを主目的とし，脳線条体構造の研究を核に，筆頭筆者の大学院時代，留学時代の体験をもとに報告を行う。脳線条体にはストリオソームとマトリックスという異なる機能分画が存在し，不随意運動疾患の発症機序に重要な役割を持っていると考えられている。筆頭筆者は，若い時分このストリオソーム・マトリックスという構造物の基礎研究を行うことで，ニューロサイエンスに興味を抱き，また定位・機能神経外科を専門にしようと決心した。指導者や同僚にも恵まれ，その経験が糧となってこのフィールドに継続した好奇心を持って理論的に対峙し，医師として専念できるようになった。基礎研究はなかなか成果が出ないことも多く，効率化を求める世の中においては逆行した選択肢なのかもしれない。しかし，基礎研究の魅力は，わからないことに対して挑戦していくことで，たとえ答えに辿り着かなくとも，知らず知らずのうちに成長していけるところにある。In fundamental research on involuntary movement disorders, various categories exist including genetics, electrophysiology, and immunohistology. At Tokushima University, research has predominantly focused on genetics and immunohistology. Particularly, investigating immunohistological changes in the striatum has been pursued. This report aims to convey the allure of fundamental research in this area to young neurosurgeons, centered around studies of the brain striatal structure, drawing from the first author’s experiences during graduate and postdoctoral research. The striatum comprises distinct functional compartments known as the striosomes and matrix, believed to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of involuntary movement disorders. The author’s early exploration of this striosome–matrix structure sparked an interest in neuroscience and solidified a commitment to functional neurosurgery. Fortunate to have supportive mentors and colleagues, these experiences nourished an enduring curiosity in the field, enabling theoretical engagement and dedicated medical practice. Basic research often yields slow progress, appearing contrary to efficiency–seeking trends. However, its appeal lies in the growth one experiences as a researcher during the research process.journal articl
Lenvatinib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma promotes malignant potential of tumor-associated macrophages via exosomal miR-301a-3p
No full textBackground: The interactions between cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) via microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in malignant potential and drug resistance. However, it remains unclear how lenvatinib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (LR HCC) promotes TAM tumor biology. Here we investigated the crosstalk between LR HCC cells and TAMs for cancer progression and lenvatinib resistance, focusing on an exosomal miRNA.
Methods: We used two bioinformatics software programs to identify miRNAs that target PTEN in gastrointestinal cancers, then investigated exosomal miRNA expression in LR HCC conditioned medium (CM). After modifying TAMs with LR HCC CM (LR TAM), macrophage phenotype and PTEN-Nrf2 signaling pathway component expression were analyzed in LR TAMs. The malignant potential and drug resistance were investigated in naïve HCC cells cultured with LR TAM CM.
Results: LR HCC cells highly induced M2-like properties in macrophages compared with naïve HCC cells. Exosomal miR-301a-3p expression was increased in LR HCC CM, with higher activation of the PTEN/PI3K/GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway in LR TAMs. Naïve HCC cells were educated with LR TAM CM to promote malignant potential and lenvatinib resistance. Inhibition of exosomal miR-301a-3p prevented the malignant potential of LR TAMs. Activation of Nrf2 signaling by LR HCC cell-derived exosomal miR-301a-3p skewed the transformation of macrophages to the M2 phenotype.
Conclusion: Our study provides new findings on the role of miR-301a-3p, suggesting it is a promising therapeutic target to improve HCC lenvatinib resistance.journal articl
Nasal Glucagon Reverses Insulin-induced Hypoglycemia With Less Rebound Hyperglycemia : Pooled Analysis of Clinical Trials
Get PDFBackground: Rebound hyperglycemia may occur following glucagon treatment for severe hypoglycemia. We assessed rebound hyperglycemia occurrence after nasal glucagon (NG) or injectable glucagon (IG) administration in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods: This was a pooled analysis of 3 multicenter, randomized, open-label studies (NCT03339453, NCT03421379, NCT01994746) in patients ≥18 years with T1D or T2D with induced hypoglycemia. Proportions of patients achieving treatment success [blood glucose (BG) increase to ≥70 mg/dL or increase of ≥20 mg/dL from nadir within 15 and 30 minutes]; BG ≥70 mg/dL within 15 minutes; in-range BG (70-180 mg/dL) 1 to 2 and 1 to 4 hours postdose; and BG >180 mg/dL 1 to 2 and 1 to 4 hours postdose were compared. Incremental area under curve (iAUC) of BG >180 mg/dL and area under curve (AUC) of observed BG values postdose were analyzed. Safety was assessed in all studies.
Results: Higher proportions of patients had in-range BG with NG vs IG (1-2 hours: P = .0047; 1-4 hours: P = .0034). Lower proportions of patients had at least 1 BG value >180 mg/dL with NG vs IG (1-2 hours: P = .0034; 1-4 hours: P = .0068). iAUC and AUC were lower with NG vs IG (P = .025 and P < .0001). As expected, similar proportions of patients receiving NG or IG achieved treatment success at 15 and 30 minutes (97-100%). Most patients had BG ≥70 mg/dL within 15 minutes (93-96%). The safety profile was consistent with previous studies.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated lower rebound hyperglycemia risk after NG treatment compared with IG.journal articl
A Case of Osteopetrosis with Orbital Inflammation Secondary to Maxillary Osteomyelitis
Get PDFIntroduction: Osteopetrosis is a rare heritable disorder characterized by increased bone density resulting from osteoclast dysfunction. Major complications include bone fracture, osteomyelitis, anemia, and cranial nerve compression. Optic atrophy can occur due to compression of the optic nerve. Although osteomyelitis of the jaw is a common complication, it rarely occurs in the maxilla. Here, we report a case of a 74-year-old female with osteopetrosis who developed maxillary osteomyelitis, leading to orbital inflammation.
Case Presentation: She was referred to our clinic for 2 months of ptosis and swelling of the left eyelid and temporal region. Previous imaging revealed a left intraorbital occupying lesion, but a biopsy of the temporal subcutaneous tissue did not provide a definitive diagnosis. After 7 months, she presented with severe temporal swelling and purulent discharge. Upon examination, maxillary osteomyelitis resulting from caries of the upper jaw was observed. Treatment with oral antibiotics, drainage of the temporal skin fistula, and regular cleaning of the maxillary drainage improved her symptoms.
Conclusion: This is a rare case of maxillary osteomyelitis associated with osteopetrosis, causing orbital inflammation.journal articl
Hierarchical nickel carbonate hydroxide nanostructures for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water splitting
Get PDFMetal carbonate hydroxides have emerged as novel and promising candidates for water splitting due to their good electrochemical properties and eco-friendly features. In this study, the hierarchical mesoporous structure of nickel carbonate hydroxide hydrate (Ni2(CO3)(OH)2·4H2O) was synthesized by a one-pot facile hydrothermal method. It demonstrated photocatalytic properties for the first time, exhibiting a hydrogen evolution reaction yield of 10 μmol g−1 h−1 under white light irradiation with a nominal power of 0.495 W. This facile synthesis strategy and the good photocatalytic properties indicate that nickel carbonate hydroxide is a promising material for application in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.journal articl