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AtMAPR3, a heme protein from Arabidopsis, might play a role in plant defense via the ROS signaling pathway
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Skin Measurements and Analysis on Dynamic Properties Using Mirau-based Full-field Optical Coherence Tomography
No full text 本論文使用實驗室自行生長的摻鈦藍寶石晶體光纖之放大自發輻射(Amplified spontaneous emission; ASE)作為光源，搭配輕薄簡單的Mirau物鏡與收取二維大角度成像的CMOS相機，架設全域式光學同調斷層掃描系統，並展示量測人類活體皮膚的結果。系統於組織中的縱向解析度與橫向解析度分別為1.3 μm 與 1.25 μm。運用此系統可以在前臂、手掌、手指與手腕得到高解析度的皮膚影像，並可由影像觀察到真皮與表皮之交界、汗腺、毛孔與血管等。量測前臂端手腕、前臂、手掌與拇指腹的角質層平均厚度，按厚度排列，結果分別為4 μm、13 μm、141 μm、306 μm。除了角質層厚度，本論文也針對區域性的軸向散射強度特徵進行分析。 正交偏振光譜影像(Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging)有著高對比度特性，本論文使用其研究紅血球的動態變化，並與OCT三維影像進行疊合，深入探討皮膚內部動態特性。此外，紅血球在不同光源下的吸收程度不同，也會導致其與周圍組織的對比度差異。在560 nm的光源下，吸收顯著，該處較無光線返回，呈現黑色圓點；在780 nm的光源下，吸收較小，與周圍組織的散射情形沒有顯著差異，唯有血球外緣的反射光較難收取，可以觀察出血球邊緣輪廓。 最後，使用質點影像速度分析的技術，針對影像中的微血管與小血管進行紅血球的流速運算，並使用平均影像與追跡影像的差值之區域標準差，標定正交偏振光譜影像中的流動區域。流速計算之結果，微血管的流速大約在30 – 80 μm/s，小血管的流速則大約在70 – 100 μm/s。本論文展示之OCT結合OPSI的方法，可以得到皮膚的結構資訊與紅血球之動態變化，可能可以提供醫師一些疾病診療的參考。 In this thesis, Mirau-based full-field optical coherence tomography system using homemade Ti:sapphire crystal fiber amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) as light source was demonstrated. The lateral and axial resolution of the system are 1.25 μm and 1.3 μm in tissue, respectively. High-resolution in-vivo human skin images acquired from various locations such as dorsal forearm, palm, finger and wrist were demonstrated. Besides the morphology, dermal-epidermal junction, sweat gland, pore and vessel could be found out. The stratum corneum thickness was compared between above locations. It is about 300 μm, the thickest, at thumb and about 4 μm, the thinnest, at wrist. Complementary to the morphology extracted with OCT system, orthogonal polarization spectral imaging (OPSI) was used to study the dynamic properties of red blood cells (RBC). Due to the absorption difference, RBC under OPSI has different appearance. At 560 nm, higher absorption, RBC is a black dot. At 780 nm, lower absorption, the boundary of RBC can be seen, but not that obvious compare with the circumstances of 560 nm. Finally, RBC velocity calculation was demonstrated with particle image velocimetry (PIV) method using cross-correlation algorithm. Using regional standard deviation, RBC flowing region can be found out. The RBC velocity of capillary is about 30 - 80 μm/s, and that in small vessel is at the range of 70 – 100 μm/s. Skin morphology acquired from OCT system combined with dynamic properties studied by OPSI and PIV may provide assistance for skin diseases related with structural change and RBC velocity change
Spectrally-resolved Third Harmonic Generation Microscopy
No full text藉由優化雷射共振腔內的配置，吾人將鉻貴橄欖石鎖模雷射的頻寬從三十三奈米展寬至八十奈米。利用中心波長一千兩百六十三奈米、波長頻寬八十奈米、脈衝寬度四十八飛秒的鉻貴橄欖石鎖模雷射作為激發源，吾人首先建立起一套三倍頻頻譜系統以進行分子特性分析。本系統能夠過單束的寬頻超快鎖模雷射取得水、脂肪、黑色素、血紅素等人體皮膚內常見分子的寬頻三倍頻頻譜並分析其對應的非線性極化率。 結合三倍頻頻譜分析及三倍頻顯微術，吾人成功建立起一套頻譜解析三倍頻顯微系統，能提供七秒幀率、一零二四像素見方、三通道偽色三倍頻影像。透過將寬頻的三倍頻訊號依據波段劃分為三通道並以偽色套色，不同的分子頻率響應可以被吾人以不同的偽色調來呈現。本系統的頻譜解析三倍頻影像成功的在提供次微米等級的組織型態外，提供視覺化的生物組織內分子的頻率響應。黑色素瘤細胞、孵化斑馬魚、脂肪組織、紅血球、表皮組織、基底細胞癌、真皮層微血管等作為頻譜解析三倍頻顯微系統的離體及活體生物樣品，都展示了本系統視覺化分子頻率響應的成果。I broadened the bandwidth of Cr:forsterite solid laser from 33nm to more than 80nm by optimizing the incorrect oscillator statement. Using the 80nm-broadband Cr:forsterite solid laser with a central wavelength around 1263nm and 48fs pulse width as excitation source, I first set up a third harmonic generation (THG) spectroscopy system for molecular analysis. This spectroscopy system was able to measure the THG spectra and analyze the corresponding nonlinear susceptibilities of the molecules commonly found within human skins, i.e. water, lipid, melanin, and hemoglobin by using one broadband ultrafast laser beam. Combining THG spectroscopy with THG microscopy, I then set up the spectrally-resolved THG microscope system, which could record 3-color THG images with 1024x1024 pixels 7 frames per second in real time. The broadband third harmonic signals were divided into 3 channels based on different wavelength sections to present the molecular spectral responses in different pseudo hues. By the spectrally-resolved THG images, it was able to provide detailed morphology with a submicron lateral resolution and visual molecular information of bio-tissues. Melanoma cells, zebrafishs, adipose tissues, erythrocytes, epidermal tissues, basal cell carcinoma, and dermal capillaries were as specimens ex vivo and in vivo to exhibit the sensitivity about molecular information of the spectrally-resolved THG microscope system
A Study on the Developing Mechanism of Ecomuseums in Taiwan: A Case Study of Houtong Coal Mine Ecological Park
No full text1970年代始自法國之國際生態博物館思潮，自1990年代起傳入臺灣，轉眼間已有20多年，臺灣生態博物館也逐漸由理論摸索階段，邁向外觀形似階段，再步入核心理念之全面掌握階段，並逐步朝可持續性發展進行推展與努力。 猴硐地區自日治時期初期開始進行小規模煤礦開採，該地之瑞三煤礦是二次戰後全臺灣煤礦產量最大的礦區，總產量高達6,741,118公噸，1990 年停止煤礦開採後，地方人士即持續呼籲應推動礦業遺產保存及再利用工作，2004年起，著手規劃於猴硐地區設立猴硐煤礦博物園區，並於2010年7月24日開園營運至今。 考量猴硐煤礦博物園區為臺灣生態博物館代表案例之一，故筆者選擇此一案例進行個案研究，並以行動研究作為核心研究理念，結合2007-2010年之在地行動研究成果、2011-2013年之權益關係人田野訪談及課題探討、1990-2013年之公共政策過程分析，針對生態博物館之3大課題：社區參與、現地保存與地域振興，提出建立公私協力平台、導入文化景觀法規、推動觀光社區營造等3項後續發展建議。 另參考國外生態博物館理論模型，以及其他臺灣生態博物館案例經驗，包括：黃金博物館、大溪木藝生態博物館、土溝農村美術館，以由此一個案研究成果延伸提出普遍性之臺灣生態博物館發展機制，期能透過從評估到籌設，再邁向營運階段之6個步驟、11項工作，對於臺灣生態博物館之未來發展提供參考與指引。In 1970s, the original ecomuseum theory was invented in France. Then this international thinking was inroduced to Taiwan in 1990s, which has lasted for more than 20 years. Ecomuseums in Taiwan experienced the exploring stage to similar appearance stage to thorough understanding stage and strived toward sustainable development gradually and continuously. In the initial stage of Japanese Colonial Period, the small-scale coal mining appeared in Houtong. Then Ruisan Coal Mine in Houtong became the most productive coal mining region in Taiwan after the Second World War and the total yield was up to 6,741,118 tons. The enterpreneur stopped the coal mining in Houtong in 1990 and then local people continued to appeal to protect the precious coal mining heritage in Houtong. Since 2004, local government initiated the planning to establish a ecomuseum in Houtong, formally named Houtong Coal Mine Ecological Park later. This ecomuseum was opened on July 24, 2010 and operated up to the present. As one of the most important ecomuseums in Taiwan, the author chose Houtong Coal Mine Ecological Park to be the study case ubder the action research concept. Integrating the result of the action research in Houtong region in 2007-2010, the interviewing and theme discussing outcome with the stakeholds in 2011-2013 and the public policy analysis in 1990-2013, the author tried to proposed 3 further developing suggestions for 3 ecomuseum issues, including community participation, preservation in situ and regional redevelopment, which comprised institute a working platform for public-private partnership, involving the regulation for cultural landscape by law, promoting community empowerment for/by tourism. Besides, referring to the ecomuseum theories and models and 3 ecomuseums’ practical experiences in Taiwan, including Gold Museum, Daxi Wood Craft Ecomuseum and Togo Rural Village Art Museum, the author extended the case study achievement to proffer the developing mechanism for ecomuseums in Taiwan, which contained 6 steps and 11 tasks for the estimation stage, preparation stage and operation stage, which was expected to provide the reference and guidance for ecomuseums’ future development in Taiwan
Development and Applications of Glass-clad Ti:Al2O3 Crystal Fiber
No full text摻鈦藍寶石為常見的寬頻螢光與雷射材料。其常使用於寬頻可調波長雷射、鎖模雷射與生物量測系統，如:光學斷層掃描儀系統與受激拉曼光譜儀等。然而，摻鈦藍寶石有兩個相當大的缺陷:低吸收單位截面積與螢光生命週期短。因此摻鈦藍寶石之幫浦光飽和功率相當的高，以達到低閥值之雷射輸出相當不易。因此摻鈦藍寶石塊材無法以在低於雷射閥值下，以強寬頻光輸出，難以直接以自發放大輻射做運用。 以雷射加熱基座生長法成功的生長出直徑小於20微米的摻鈦藍寶石晶體光纖。由掃描式電子顯微鏡與穿透式電子顯微鏡影像可得知在摻鈦藍寶石波導結構中的最低傳播損耗來自於高品質晶體、表面平緩且均勻的纖心，其有效的降低萊利散射(Rayleigh scattering)。玻璃纖衣提供了一個對於環境變化不敏感的結構，且提供了對幫浦光與訊號光有良好的重合，相對於塊材結構而言，其有效的提升光學效率。 以玻璃纖衣摻鈦藍寶石晶體光纖做為寬頻且高亮度自發輻射增益光源。以一個雙向路徑的架構，其背向自發輻射增益之功率增益相當的顯著。以2顆1 W波長為520 nm之半導體雷射做為激發光源下，其自發放大輻射功率可達42 mW。其光源頻寬163.8 nm且高斯分布形貌之輸出頻譜與77.59 W∙mm-2sr-1之亮度相當適合於光學斷層掃描儀系統之運用。其系統需要提供高空間解析度與低影像干擾之光源。 以內腔式摻鈦藍寶石雷射做為運用，其高效率雷射之波導結構可在本論文中證實於波長532 nm之固態雷射以及波長520 nm之半導體雷射做為幫浦光下。因增益波導效應，其輸出模態近乎為單模輸出。以半導體雷射做為幫浦光源下，吸收雷射閥值與吸收光轉換效率分別為118.2 mW與29.6%。且在1 W幫浦下，其最高的輸出功率為215.8 mW。根據我們所知，這是第一個達到低閥值且高輸出效率之半導體雷射激發摻鈦藍寶石雷射。 以外腔式摻鈦藍寶石雷射做為使用，其雷射閥值為低於文獻最低值為37.3 mW。以17.8%輸出耦合鏡時，其雷射閥值與雷射轉換效率分別為123.2 mW與18.6%。寬頻波長可調可以雙折射率濾波片與刀鋒光柵達成。以雙折射率濾波片做為波長可調元件時，其輸出功率超過50 mW的頻寬可達125 nm。以光柵為可調元件時，光柵提供的高色散特性有助於光譜選擇，使其可達到180 nm波長連續可調。對於摻鈦藍寶石廣泛運用於寬頻光源，寬頻可調及鎖模雷射之領域，玻璃纖衣晶體光纖應可有機會在未來具有重要的地位。Titanium (Ti):sapphire is one of the most commonly used materials in broadband fluorescence and lasers. This material has various applications such as in the construction of tunable lasers, mode-locked lasers and biological measurement systems (e.g., optical coherence tomography and Stimulated Raman spectroscopy). However, Ti:sapphire possesses two inherent drawbacks: a low absorption cross-section and a short lifetime. Therefore, the pump saturation intensity of Ti:sapphire is high, and lasing at a low threshold is difficult. Thus, Ti:sapphire bulks do not exhibit strong broadband emission below the laser threshold, and can hardly be directly used as an amplified spontaneous emission light source. A Ti:sapphire CF with a core diameter of less than 20 μm was fabricated using a laser-heated pedestal growth method. Both SEM and TEM images indicate that the lowest propagation loss of Ti:sapphire waveguides, which can reduce the Rayleigh scattering loss, could be attributed to a high quality crystalline core, smooth perimeter, and uniform diameter. Glass-clad structures provide non-sensitive for environmental variations and useful overlapping of pump and signal lights, which improves the optical efficiency compared to a bulk structure. Broadband and high-brightness ASE light sources were generated using a glass-clad Ti:sapphire CF. Utilizing a double-pass setup, backward ASE power increased substantially. Up to 42 mW of ASE power was generated using two pieces of 1-W 520-nm LDs as the pump source. The 163.8-nm near-Gaussian spectrum and 77.59-W∙mm-2sr-1 radiance rendered the light source eminently suitable for OCT applications in which high spatial resolution and low-image-pixel crosstalk are necessary. In applications such as an intra-cavity Ti:sapphire laser, the highly efficient structure in present research was pumped by both a solid-state 532-nm laser and a 520-nm LD. Because of the gain guiding effect, the pattern of the lasing mode was close to the fundamental mode. The threshold and slope efficiency with a LD pump with respect to the absorbed pump power were 118.2 mW and 29.6%, respectively. At 1-W pump power, the maximum output power was 215.8 mW. To our knowledge, this is the first time that such a high slope efficiency has been achieved with a Ti:sapphire laser with a LD pumps at such a low threshold. Using an external cavity Ti:sapphire CF laser, the lowest threshold achieved for this laser was 37.3 mW. With a 17.8% output coupling, the threshold power and slope efficiency were 123.2 mW and 18.6%, respectively. Broad wavelength tuning was achieved with a birefringent filter and a blazed grating. With the birefringent filter as a wavelength-tuning element, the wavelength associated with output power levels exceeding 50 mW was 125 nm. With the blazed grating as a wavelength-tuning element, the strong dispersion characteristics of the grating facilitates spectral mode selection and continuous wavelength tuning throughout the 180-nm coverage. With widespread applications of Ti:sapphire in the area of broadband light sources, tunable and mode-locked lasers, the glass-clad crystal fibers should have a good chance to play an important role in the future
A Study of Applying Semantic Analysis Technology to Travel Writing Auxiliary System
No full text觀光旅遊在民眾生活中扮演著重要角色，遊記作為記錄旅程的一種主要形式，對撰寫者、潛在旅客與景區管理者均具有重要意義。但既有遊記撰寫輔助系統存在模版類型單一、客觀資訊檢索繁雜、寫作時間過長等問題。針對以上，本文研究目的是通過創建新的遊記撰寫輔助系統，使得撰寫者可依據不同寫作對象選擇對應的框架與架構，完成客觀內容的調用、主觀內容的描述以及遊記的自動展文。 將語意分析技術應用於遊記撰寫輔助系統，實際操作分為爬文、框架與架構提取、客觀資訊擷取、系統建置四個階段。首先根據觀光資源、遊程類型選定陽明山國家公園地質地形景觀作為本文寫作對象，並利用網路蒐集相關遊記與客觀資訊資料各60篇。再以資源描述架構(RDF)與資源描述架構綱要(RDFS)模型建立語意網(semantic web)的空間階層關係，歸納總結出此類遊記的寫作框架與架構。繼而使用軟體CompassV與InfoMap，定義客觀資訊的語意結構，實現資訊的半自動化擷取(information extraction)。最後則為系統建置階段，建立客觀資訊資料庫、多類別的框架與架構，以及完成遊記的自動展文與客製化編輯功能。 研究之成果，包含依據語意網歸納的遊記撰寫框架與架構、客觀資訊描述規則與自動化展文技術。最終將以上階段性成果應用於遊記撰寫輔助系統，該系統中撰寫者可選擇多樣化的寫作框架，調用客觀資訊資料庫完成主客觀內容敘述，並在自動展文的基礎上實現客製化修改，簡化遊記寫作流程，豐富遊記寫作內容。Tourism plays an important role in our daily life. As one major form of recording the tour, travel notes are significant for writers, potential travelers, and administrators. Nevertheless, present travel writing auxiliary systems exist problems of the single template type, complex objective information searching modes, and the long time of writing process, etc. This paper aims to establish a new travel writing auxiliary system, with which users could select different writing templates or frameworks according to specific objects, complete the utilization of objective information, the description of subjective contents and realize the automatically generation of whole articles. Applying semantic analysis technology to the travel writing auxiliary system, the procedure is divided into four stages, including collection of related articles, generation of templates and frameworks, extraction of objective information and establishment of the system. Firstly, selecting Yangmingshan National Park as the writing object and crawling related 60 travel notes and objective information respectively on the web. Secondly, building the space class hierarchy depending on models of Resource Description Framework and Resource Description Framework Schema, and then generalizing writing templates and frameworks from travel notes. In addition, defining the semantic structure of objective information, and using CompassV and InfoMap to realize semi-automatic extraction. In the end, the travel writing auxiliary system will be established on the basis of the objective information database, various templates and frameworks, and the technology of automatically generation. Results of this study contain different writing templates and frameworks, syntax description rules of objective information and automatically generation of whole articles. Most importantly, a new travel writing auxiliary system is built. With such a system, the process of writing travel notes would be considerably simplified and customized
The Development of Community Environmental Education Program: A Case Study of Wennei Community
No full text 我國自80年代以來推動社區環境教育以來，透過社區營造與參與環境改造計畫，社區民眾的環保意識已逐步形成。自民國100年正式施行環境教育法以後，許多社區積極規劃設計環境教育體驗活動，積極爭取成為優質的「環境教育設施場所」，社區角色從環境教育的學習者逐步轉變為教育者。然而在申請認證過程中，許多社區雖有豐富的社區營造成果與經驗，卻苦於將其轉化為設置環境教育場域所需要素，因此本文將探討社區發展環境教育發展的基礎與有關要素，並以竹南塭內社區作為研究個案。塭內社區，已積累豐富的社區營造與環境改造成果，並多次作為苗栗縣環境教育志工培訓的示範點，現今亦有意申請環境教育設施場所認證，可作為社區發展環境教育設施場所的歷程研究對象，藉此了解，社區如何將過去參與社區營造與環境保育的經驗與成果轉化為推動環境教育所需的相關因素。本文作者實際參與該社區申請環境教育場域的認證計畫，並運用PPGIS協助規劃符合在地特色的環境教育課程，透過社區申請環境教育設施場所認證與發展的課程規劃過程中，了解該社區發展環境教育發展的基礎與相關要素。研究結果指出，塭內社區先前成功的社區營造經驗，促使社區發展出成熟的管理能力，能有效動員參與者，並藉由申請政府計畫補助，逐步完成社區環境資源調查與基礎硬體設施。在此過程中，地方居民亦將對社區資源的認識轉化為地方認同感，而地方認同感再進一步轉化為環境保護意識，建構出社區發展環境教育設施場所的基礎。最後，在塭內社區發展環境教育設施場所的相關要素中：人、設施與營運管理，奠基於社區營造經驗，並在發展協會的強力運作之下，相互協調運作，成為申請環境教育設施場所的關鍵要素，為未來成功申請認證奠下基石。Since the 1980s there are a vast number of people are equipped with environmental consciousness through joining the Comprehensive Community Development and the Environmental Reforms of Community. With the execution of policy of the Environmental Education Act since 2011, there are more and more communities engaged. Community are transforming their role as a learner of environmental education into an educator. Community is a group of people living in the same place and having a particular characteristic in common. These people are, moreover, familiar with local cultural resources. Thus, community is the ideal unit for participatory environmental education, which emphasis bottom-up and environment-regarding activities. Although a great number of communities have abundant outcomes of executing community empowerment, there a few communities are able to transform their achievements into the base of applying for the environmental education facility and field. To explore this question, this thesis analyzes the basic factors of community in developing environmental education facility and field. Wennei community has sufficient experiences of conducting comprehensive community developments and environmental reforms. Wennei also has a well-developed community association and plays as a representative role of conducting environmental education activities. This research, therefore, takes Wennei community as a developing sample to implement a case study. To get close to this community and figure out the mechanism of running the community association, the author joins the association and applies these public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) for helping this community draft the environmental education program with local resources. The outcomes point out three key bases of paving the way to obtain the certification of environmental education facility and field. Firstly, the Wennei Community Development Association plays a powerful role of leading and integrating local resources. Secondly, the community takes the prior experiences of comprehensive community development as base for establishing environmental education facility and field. Lastly, the joiners of community empowerment build the strong connection and motivation for refining the local environment. This community is, therefore, able to be more competitive in constructing a successful environmental education facility and field, thorough integrating all necessary factors: human resources, infrastructure and management
Can Money Buy Happiness? Multilevel Analysis of Individual Income, Regional Income, and Happiness
No full text快樂為個人終身追求要事，也為衡量生活品質的主要指標，而實質收入與抽象快樂之關聯更為個人日常、學界關注焦點。眾多學者提出不僅是個人收入會影響自我快樂，他人收入也會影響自我快樂，個人能運用之家戶收入、個人所居住區域內他人收入，甚至是生活圈內之鄰區他人收入皆與快樂有所相關。然而目前尚缺乏以多層次模式看待不同收入與快樂的關係，除忽略研究資料之巢套特性外，也易遺漏重要變數、層次關係。基此，本研究以臺灣作研究範疇，利用階層廣義線性模式（HGLM）討論個人、區域層次收入與快樂的關係。本研究使用「臺灣社會變遷基本調查計畫2010六期一綜合問卷組」中1660筆抽樣資料，及政府相關部會統計資料進行分析，試回答個人、區域、鄰區收入與快樂間的跨層次關係。實證結果顯示家戶收入對快樂呈正向關係，區域收入在社會比較下對快樂呈負向關係，而鄰區收入則與快樂呈正向關係。故藉由多層次模式，能細緻地討論不同尺度收入以及地理差異與個人快樂的關係。此研究結果及後續建議，可供未來學術研究、實務參考。This study aims to examine the relation of individual and regional income to happiness by multilevel modelling. People always pursue happiness, and happiness is a significant indicator to measure quality of life. Above all factors of happiness, income plays an important role in daily life and academic research. Many scholars suggested that not only a person’s income affects one’s happiness, but also others’ income dose. Thus, individual income, other people’s average income in regional level, and other people’s average income in neighboring regional level are all key factors of happiness. However, there is still a lack of multilevel analysis of income at different levels in relation to happiness. It will neglect the characteristics of nested data, ignoring important variables, and fail to notice the relationships across spatial scales. Using 2010 Taiwan Social Change Survey (Round 6, Year 1), this study attempts to explore the relationships between individual income, regional income, and happiness by hierarchical generalized linear models (HGLM). The result shows that in Taiwan, one’s own money does buy happiness. Moreover, the geography of happiness does matter. Taiwanese tend to be happier when they reside in poorer township, as well as in richer neighboring township
Fabrication of focus-tunable liquid crystal microlens array with spherical electrode
No full text本論文主要介紹利用噴墨、親疏水性侷限效應、翻模技術製作曲面型液晶微透鏡陣列。製程主要分為兩個部分：微透鏡陣列及液晶盒的組裝。製作微透鏡認列的過程中，利用SU-8 光阻與自身微疏水之特性，並使用噴墨機台製作微透鏡陣列，再使用翻模技術翻在玻璃基板上。經過旋塗上透明導電高分子PEDOT:PSS 與利用SU-8 填平，我們在其上頭旋轉塗佈配向膜，並搭配另一個ITO 玻璃組裝成液晶盒。因為微透鏡的尺寸很小的關係，可以達到比較大的屈光度，並藉由之家電壓於液晶透鏡，改變內部的折射率分佈達到光線偏折的目的，進而與光學變焦系統做結合。In this thesis, the fabrication of the liquid crystal microlens array with spherical electrode is demonstrated. The fabrication process is divided in two parts: microlens array and liquid crystal cell sealing. In the process of microlens array, the hydrophilic confinement effect, an inkjet printer, and the replication process is used to fabricate microlens array on glass substrate. PEDOT:PSS is spin-coated on the microlens array as a curved electrode and flatten by SU-8 photoresist. Then we assemble it with another ITO glass to form the liquid crystal microlens array. The interference patterns of the LC microlens array is measured and it is in a good agreement with the theoretically calculation. From the interference rings, the optical focusing power range is from -47.28 to -331 diopter under 10 volts. This device can be potentially used for the optical zoom system or focus-tunable lens applications