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PIXI-udgave af rapport fra delprojekt 3: Finansiering af den offentlige forskning i Danmark
Full text linkEssays on Pensions and Fiscal Sustainability
Full text linkThis thesis is a volume comprised of four independent chapters: The overarching topic of the thesis is
pensions and fiscal sustainability. An overriding problematic throughout the different chapters is that of
demographic ageing. This ageing process, in the form of higher longevity and lower fertility, will most
certainly bring changes to the way our economic lives work, whether the individual or society at large is
considered. Each chapter, described below, sheds light on issues related to: fiscal sustainability and optimal
public debt levels under demographic change; reform to pension systems as a response to increased
longevity; and saving behaviour for retirement - a topic which is more and more relevant, as higher
longevity implies a fundamental shift in how individuals ought to save for retirement
The Role of Self-Regulation in Environmental Behavior Change
Full text linkA rapid and global transition is needed to prevent catastrophic climate change. This transition
requires, amongst other, profound behavioral changes to reduce the emission of greenhouse gasses
and other environmental impacts. Within psychology, researchers have studied the psychological
constructs that predict the performance of environmentally friendly behaviors and how utilizing
and manipulating these constructs can bring about behavioral changes. Limited research has,
however, studied the dynamics of the behavior-change process itself to uncover the processes that
determine the success or failure of environmental behavior change. To address this research gap,
the dissertation investigates the role of self-regulation in behavior change that is voluntarily
undertaken to limit environmental impacts. Studying self-regulation—the processes that enables
humans to guide their behavior over time and builds on the capacity to influence, modify, and
control their own behavior—can help identify key self-regulatory problems and strategies to
overcome them
Essays on the Demand-Side Management in Electricity Markets
Full text linkThis Ph.D. thesis focuses on the demand-side management in electricity markets and a
new player in the market { an aggregator of
exible demand. The thesis consists of three
independent chapters investigating the entrance of this new player in the power markets
from di erent angles: focusing on the aggregator, a large power consumer and a producer.
The rst chapter, \Aggregation of demand-side
exibility in electricity markets: the e ects
of portfolio choice", analyses the performance of the aggregator depending on its portfolio
choice. I have investigated several portfolios of di erent
exibility sources: electrical vehi-
cles, heat pumps and/or home appliances like washing machines, dryers and dish washers.
I have used Nord Pool power market data for Denmark's bidding area DK2 to identify the
e ects of the portfolio choice on the imbalance payments and compensations to consumers
that provide
exibility. The results show that di erent compositions of
exibility sources
lead to di erent imbalance payments and compensations to consumers. However, there is no
signi cant additional value of having an access to all types of
exibility sources unless there
is a xed contract cost. This suggests that the aggregator would choose to specialise in cer-
tain types of
exibility sources. Also, I nd that the incentives for consumers to participate
in demand-side management programs might be not su cient, since the compensation for
the provided
exibility is very low
The Organizing of Participation in Contemporary Art
Full text linkThis thesis engages with the organizing of participation in participatory art that constitutes the so-called
social turn in contemporary visual art. The purpose of the research project is to generate new
knowledge about participatory art, in particular, by investigating the organizational processes involved
in these practices. To this end, an in-depth, qualitative case study of the organizing of participation for a
public work of art was conducted. Using sociologist John Law’s notion of modes of ordering as a tool to
sharpen an analysis of the patterning effects discerned from fieldwork observations, the thesis argues
that the organizing of participation in contemporary art is an effect of four main interacting modes of
ordering, termed artistic autonomy, administration, the site, and public interest. First, the thesis
respectively explores the modes of ordering as singular ordering patterns in the networks of the social,
and then describes how they interact and the effects of that interaction in the case study. The thesis
thus contributes to a new ‘organizational turn’ in art theory that considers the way in which artistic
practices are concerned with the organizing and reorganizing of social ordering processes, while
themselves being embedded within and filtered into other organizing practices. The thesis also
contributes to organization studies’ interest in the relationship between art, aesthetics, and processes
of organizing, suggesting that contemporary art theory and organization studies both ponder the
question of how artistic practices generate new forms of organizing that counter society’s prevailing
economic rationale
A Literature Review
Full text linkForestry decentralization policies follow an inherent logic that centralized governance
of forest resources cannot address the multifaceted nature of forest-related problems.
It is through a diverse range of institutions and a combination of multiple partners
consisting of state, non-state actors and rural communities, that such problems can be
efficiently addressed. Central to decentralization policies is the argument that it
envisions a triple win involving improved natural resource governance, improved rural
livelihoods and improved biophysical conditions. However, an important and often
overlooked consequence of these policies is that they also enable a growing
commercialization of forests. In this context, increasing profits are constitutive for the
governing logic. Based on a review of the state of knowledge on forestry
decentralization and its impacts, and drawing on insights from Tanzania’s forestry
sector, this literature review discusses the background of decentralization policies in
Tanzania and how they have led to a proliferation of community-based forest
enterprises with potentially adverse effects on both the sustainability of the forest and
local livelihoods
Risk Attitudes, Sample Selection and Attrition in a Longitudinal Field Experiment
Full text linkLongitudinal experiments allow one to evaluate the temporal stability of latent preferences, but raise concerns about sample selection and attrition that may confound inferences about temporal stability. We evaluate the hypothesis of temporal stability in risk preferences using a remarkable data set that combines socio-demographic information from the Danish Civil Registry with information on risk attitudes from a longitudinal field experiment. Our experimental design builds in explicit randomization on the incentives for participation. The results show that the use of different participation incentives can affect sample response rates and help identify the effects of selection. Correcting for endogenous sample selection and panel attrition changes inferences about risk preferences in an economically and statistically significant manner. Estimates of risk preferences change with these corrections. In general we find evidence consistent with temporal stability of risk preferences when one corrects for selection and attrition
Moving Organizational Atmospheres
Full text linkMoving Organizational Atmospheres provides a conceptual and empirical exploration of the
notion of organizational atmosphere as a non-dualist concept. The atmospheric is presented as an
organizational phenomenon with relevance for decision makers, organizations and managers as it
concerns aesthetic, affective-emotional and spatial qualities of the work environment, but also
addresses issues of profound cultural transformation and social change. As such, organizational
atmospheres are considered part of an ongoing aesthetization of society that pervades the emotionalaffective
climate of organizations and everyday human actions to respond to desires, creativity and
the quest for constant growth.
Looking at organizational atmosphere from a non-dualist perspective, shows
organization as an aesthetic phenomenon manifesting itself in and stimulating the emotional-affective
climate, the practices, the spaces and the ways of working in organizations. Both conceptually and
analytically the thesis contributes to the discussions in the fields of organizational aesthetics as well as
the affective and spatial turn in organization studies, by addressing how organizational atmospheres
work when embraced as a fluid phenomenon and by providing an analytically experimental account
of the experiencing and producing organizational atmosphere based on field work in two
organizations.
Considering organizational atmosphere as a non-dualist notion, implies embracing
ambiguity by attending to subject and object as forming a coherent whole in human experience. The
thesis presents a systematic and in-depth engagement with a ‘German’ non-dualist tradition of
thinking the atmospheric in organization studies by tracing the philosophical roots in the German
phenomenological tradition, spearheaded by the neo-phenomenology of Hermann Schmitz and
Gernot Böhme’s aesthetics. Coherently, dealing empirically with organizational atmosphere raises a
set of pivotal ontological and epistemological questions, which leads to arguing for a performative
research approach to engage with organizational atmosphere as a relational ontological matter
coming into momentary presence in the lived space through the embodied affective experience. As
such the thesis reflects a move towards understanding organization as an atmospheric phenomena
reflecting an aesthetic and processual apprehension, whereby not only considering organizations as
part of an aesthetization of society, but proposing a rethinking of organizational categories and the
ways of writing organization