Luleå University of Technology Publications
Not a member yet
39356 research outputs found
Sort by
AI based sequences in MRI of the brain and lumbar spine : a general literature review
No full textBakgrund: Antalet magnetkameraundersökningar för diagnostik i Sverige ökar kontinuerligt, vilket påverkar arbetsbelastningen och väntetiderna hos röntgenavdelningar med magnetkameror. Undersökningar av hjärna och ländrygg är bland de vanligaste MRundersökningarna. Dessa undersökningar är tidskrävande och känsliga för rörelseartefakter vilket kan påverka patientupplevelsen negativt och begränsa kapaciteten. Syfte: Syftet med den här studien är att utforska hur artificiell intelligens kan integreras vid magnetkameraundersökningar av hjärna och ländrygg genom att jämföra AI-baserad teknik mot konventionella metoder med fokus på undersökningstid och bildkvalitet. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt innehållandes tolv artiklar med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ design. Resultat: Resultatet visar att vid MR undersökningar av hjärna och ländrygg kan skanningstiden reduceras upp till 60 % med AI utan att kompromissa med bildkvaliteten eller diagnostiskt utfall. I flera av artiklarna framkom det att bildkvaliteten förbättrades med AI. Slutsats: AI kan effektivt implementeras i MR protokoll vid undersökningar av hjärna och ländrygg för att korta ned undersökningstider och samtidigt bibehålla diagnostisk noggrannhet. Det skulle i sin tur kunna leda till förbättrad patientupplevelse, ökad tillgänglighet och ett snabbare flöde i verksamheten
AI kommer orsaka oöverskådlig skada för mänskligheten – ändå rusar vi på
No full textGlada amatörer på universitet, företag och i hela samhället leker med elden utan att veta något om konsekvenserna ens i närtid, än mindre på tio års sikt, skriver Johan Hansson
MITIGATION OF CATIONS IMPACT IN PHOSPHATE FLOTATION
No full textThis study investigates the mitigation of divalent cation effects, mainlycalcium (Ca²⁺) and magnesium (Mg²⁺), on apatite flotation derived from ironore tailings. Conducted within the context of LKAB’s operations in northernSweden, the research addresses challenges caused by process waterrecirculation, which, while essential for sustainability, leads to theaccumulation of dissolved ions that adversely affect flotation performance.Both synthetic (Atrac 1563) and natural (tall oil fatty acid – TOFA)collectors were evaluated, together with nonionic surfactants (Tween 80and Span 80) as performance modifiers. Laboratory experiments werecarried out under controlled pH and varying ionic concentrations, supportedby mineralogical analyses using XRD and XRF. Results showed that Atrac1563 maintained high recovery and selectivity even under elevated Ca²⁺ andMg²⁺ concentrations, while TOFA’s performance decreased significantly incalcium-rich environments due to the formation of insoluble precipitates.The addition of neutral surfactants, particularly Tween 80, improvedcollector dispersion and mitigated cation interference, leading to higherrecovery rates. It is concluded that the combination of natural collectorswith nonionic surfactants represents a technically feasible andenvironmentally sustainable alternative to conventional reagents,contributing to efficient flotation in systems characterized by high waterhardness and ion accumulation
Witold Więsław (1944-2023) : [Witold Więsław (1944-2023)]
No full textWitold Więsław był matematykiem i historykiem matematyki oraz jej popularyzatorem. W matematyce zajmował się algebrą i teorią ciał topologicznych. W latach 1966-2012 pracował w Instytucie Matematycznym Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego w Zakładach Algebry, Algebry i Teorii Liczb oraz Historii i Metodologii Matematyki. W 1971 roku uzyskał doktorat z matematyki na Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim, a w 2006 roku habilitację w Instytucie Historii Nauki PAN. Był członkiem Polskiego Towarzystwa Matematycznego (PTM) w latach 1986--2014. Opublikował ponad 220 prac oraz w 1988 roku monografię {\it Topological Fields}. Był pierwszym redaktorem czasopisma {\it Antiquitates Mathematicae}. Był on także recenzentem 132 prac i książek dla MathSciNet w latach 1972-2013 oraz 228 prac i książek dla ZblMath w latach 1974-2013. W 2003 roku przyznano mu Nagrodę Główną PTM im. Samuela Dicksteina „za osiągnięcia w dziedzinie historii matematyki i popularyzacji matematyki”.Witold Więsław was a mathematician and historian of mathematics, as well as its popularizer. He worked on algebra and the theory of topological fields, as well as the history and popularization of mathematics. In the years 1966–2012 he worked at the Institute of Mathematics of the University of Wrocław in the Departments of Algebra, Algebra and Number Theory, and History and Methodology of Mathematics. In 1971 he obtained a doctorate in mathematics at the University of Wrocław, and in 2006 he obtained his habilitation at the Institute of the History of Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences. He was a member of the Polish Mathematical Society (PTM) in the years 1986–2014. He published over 220 papers and in 1988 the monograph Topological Fields. He was the first editor of the journal Antiquitates Mathematicae. He was also a reviewer of 132 papers and books for MathSciNet in the years 1972–2013 and 228 papers and books for ZblMath in the years 1974–2013. In 2003 he was awarded the Samuel Dickstein PTM Grand Prize “for achievements in the field of history of mathematics and popularization of mathematics”.Full text license: CC BY 3.0</p
Experiences and sustainability aspects of rainwater harvesting systems in Scandinavia
No full textIn response to growing concerns over water scarcity and climate impacts in northern Europe, this study evaluates the performance and sustainability of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems for non-potable use in Scandinavia. This study examined nine RWH systems for non-potable purposes across Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, ranging from small pilot installations to large urban developments. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with operators of nine systems. Generally, simpler systems with minimal treatment achieved better reliability, lower energy use, and higher user satisfaction than complex installations. Challenges for RWH systems included limited experience with the systems, under-dimensioned storage, regulatory uncertainties and temperatures below zero. Generally, the owners of the systems reported high levels of contentment with the systems and the quality of the water. Motivations for installing the systems varied between regions – from groundwater protection in Denmark to sustainability certification in Sweden. Difficulties encountered mostly pertained to issues that arose from the design, such as subdimensioned storage. Overall, RWH might not be a panacea for water shortages induced by climate change in northern Europe, but can offer a viable complement to municipal water supply when designed appropriately for local climate and governance conditions.Full text license: CC BY 4.0;Funder: Sven Tyréns Foundation (2016-05176, 2022-03092)</p
Detection of Hate Speech using Universal Sentence Encoding and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Models.
No full textFull text: CC BY license;</p
Measurement of event shapes in minimum-bias events from proton-proton collisions at √ =13 TeV
No full textA measurement of event-shape variables is presented, using a data sample produced in a special run with approximately one inelastic proton-proton collision per bunch crossing. The data were collected with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 64 μb−1. A number of observables related to the overall distribution of charged particles in the collisions are corrected for detector effects and compared with simulations. Inclusive event-shape distributions, as well as differential distributions of event shapes as functions of charged-particle multiplicity, are studied. None of the models investigated are able to satisfactorily describe the data. Moreover, there are significant features common amongst all generator setups studied, particularly showing data being more isotropic than any of the simulations. Multidimensional unfolded distributions are provided, along with their correlations.Full text license: CC BY 4.0;For funding information, see: https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/rqvb-gfb7</p
A systematic review of interpersonal skills training for police investigative interviews
No full textUsing interpersonal skills is an important part of humane and effective investigative interviewing for police. Training police in these skills varies in its contents and amount between countries and police forces. This review explores how interpersonal skills are defined and assessed in the context of interview training for police. A systematic evaluation resulted in 26 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The most trained interpersonal skills were rapport (n = 18 studies), and active listening (n = 2 studies). Studies also evaluated training environments (n = 3 studies), and adherence to or knowledge of specific interviewing protocols (e.g. PEACE, n = 1; Whole Story framework, n = 1, procedural justice, n = 1). The reported effects of training vary with half of the included studies (n = 13) reporting positive effects while the other half (n = 13) reported limited or no effects. We discuss how conceptual definitions and study designs affect assessment of training outcomes. Aspects of training assessments (e.g. use of mock-interviews, self-reports, and lack of long-term follow-ups in the field) are discussed. We also discuss the need for more systematic research on training interpersonal skills for interviewing. Our findings should guide and inform further research on the topic.Full text license: CC BY 4.0;</p
Observation of Λ Hyperon Local Polarization in p-Pb Collisions at √NNs=8.16 TeV
No full textThe polarization of the Λ and ¯Λ hyperons along the beam direction has been measured in proton-lead (-Pb) collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 8.16 TeV. The data were obtained with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 186.0±6.5 nb−1. A significant azimuthal dependence of the hyperon polarization, characterized by the second-order Fourier sine coefficient ,s2, is observed. The ,s2 values decrease as a function of charged particle multiplicity, but increase with transverse momentum. A hydrodynamic model that describes the observed ,s2 values in nucleus-nucleus collisions by introducing vorticity effects does not reproduce either the sign or the magnitude of the -Pb results. These observations pose a challenge to the current theoretical implementation of spin polarization in heavy ion collisions and offer new insights into the origin of spin polarization in hadronic collisions at LHC energies.Godkänd;2025;Nivå 0;2025-10-27 (u8);For funding information please see: https://journals.aps.org/prl/pdf/10.1103/6ywq-gm61;Full text license: CC BY</p
Use of Low-Code /No-code platform for Data-Driven Decisions
No full textData-driven decision-making is becoming increasingly important for organizations now-a-days, but many organizations still face barriers such as the lack of technical skills, long development times, and the high cost of traditional machine learning projects. Low-code/no-code platforms with AutoML features aim to reduce these barriers by offering easy to use interfaces, drag-and-drop options. This thesis evaluates four leading Low-code/no-code platforms - Azure ML, AWS SageMaker AI, Google Vertex AI, and Databricks, through both expert interviews and pilot experiments. Three pilot use cases were tested to reflect different levels of decision-making: loan default prediction (operational), telecom churn prediction (tactical), and retail sales forecasting (strategic). The results show that Low-code/no-code platforms can speed up model development, lower the need for programming skills, and make analytics more accessible to everyone. At the same time, these platforms come with challenges, especially around scalability, fairness, transparency, and long-term costs. Based on these findings this thesis outlines a set of generalizability principles showing how low-code/no-code platforms can support decision-making at operational, tactical, and strategic levels. It also provides practical suggestions for organizations that are considering these tools, with a focus on adopting them in an effective and responsible way