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Implementation of Third-Party Software : A Government Agency's Processes and Adaptation Needs
No full textDenna studie syftar till att undersöka möjligheter och utmaningar med implementering av tredjepartsprogramvara och AI-programvara för statliga myndigheter. Studien är utformad som en kvalitativ fallstudie med Transportstyrelsen i fokus. Studien undersöker processer för att hantera tredjepartsprogramvara och artificiell intelligens (AI), med fokus på juridiska, tekniska och organisatoriska krav i en myndighetskontext. Ett analytiskt ramverk med sju kritiska områden, exempelvis juridik, ansvar, etik och testmiljöer, har utvecklats för att strukturera analysen av en AI-implementation. Studien visar att Transportstyrelsen har en stark grund för traditionell systemintegration, men att nuvarande processer inte är tillräckliga för de särskilda krav som AI ställer, som transparens, rättssäkerhet och riskhantering. Begränsningar i teknisk infrastruktur, regelverk och kompetens bromsar AI-utvecklingen. Det finns ett behov av AI-specifika styrdokument, rollfördelning, tekniska riktlinjer samt ökad kompetens inom både juridik och teknik. Transportstyrelsen och andra myndigheter måste se över sitt beroende av amerikanska leverantörer på grund av CLOUD Act. Studien avslutas med förslag på rekommendationer och ett behov av nationell samordning för att säkerställa rättssäker, etisk och effektiv AI-användning i offentlig sektor.This study aims to investigate the opportunities and challenges associated with the implementation of third-party software and AI-based software in government agencies. Designed as a qualitative case study with the Swedish Transport Agency (Transportstyrelsen) as its focus, the study explores processes for managing third-party software and artificial intelligence (AI), with an emphasis on legal, technical, and organizational requirements in a public authority context. An analytical framework consisting of seven critical areas – such as legal compliance, responsibility, ethics, and testing environments – was developed to structure the analysis of AI implementation. The study shows that while the Swedish Transport Agency (Transportstyrelsen) has a solid foundation for traditional system integration, its current processes are insufficient to meet the specific demands of AI, such as transparency, legal certainty, and risk management. Limitations in technical infrastructure, regulatory clarity, and internal competence are hindering AI progress. There is a clear need for AI-specific governance documents, clarified roles and responsibilities, technical guidelines, and enhanced expertise in both law and technology. Transportstyrelsen and other public agencies must reassess their reliance on U.S. vendors due to the implications of the CLOUD Act. The study concludes with a set of recommendations and highlights the need for national coordination to ensure legally sound, ethical, and effective AI use in the public sector
The Role of Sustainable Consumption Knowledge and Self-Efficacy in Overcoming Resistance to Reuse : A Social Cognitive Perspective
No full textThis study explores the psychological mechanisms underlying consumer resistance to reuse, particularly within the context of sustainable consumption. Drawing on Social Cognitive Theory, the research examines how sustainable consumption knowledge and self-efficacy influence resistance to reuse, and how perceived social norms influence this relationship. Using a cross-sectional survey of 156 participants and statistical analysis via SPSS and PROCESS Macro, the study employed mediation and moderation models to test its hypotheses. The findings show that while sustainable consumption knowledge significantly predicts self-efficacy, neither variable directly reduces resistance to reuse. Instead, perceived social norms were the strongest predictor, indicating that social approval and environmental cues may influence reuse behaviour more than personal knowledge or confidence. Qualitative data from open-ended responses further illuminated key consumer concerns, highlighting themes such as product quality, convenience, social influence, and trust. These insights reinforce the limited behavioural influence of knowledge and confidence when not supported by social reinforcement. The study contributes both theoretically, by identifying boundary conditions for Social Cognitive Theory in sustainability contexts, and practically, by offering recommendations for policymakers, businesses, and educators to design more socially oriented interventions. Limitations related to sampling, measurement overlap, and contextual generalisability are acknowledged, with suggestions for future research on emotional mediators and culturally comparative designs
The Nurse anesthetist's experience of anesthetizing children as a rare event
No full textIntroduktion: Att söva barn är en sällanhändelse på många mindre sjukhus, vilket innebär särskilda utmaningar för anestesisjuksköterskan. Syftet med studien var att beskriva anestesisjuksköterskans upplevelse av barnanestesi som en sällanhändelse. Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie genomfördes med nio anestesisjuksköterskor vid ett mindre länssjukhus. Datainsamlingen skedde via semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman. Resultat: Fyra kategorier identifierades: Att vara förberedd, En rolig och stimulerande utmaning, Att skapa trygghet för barn och föräldrar och Behov av mer kunskap och erfarenhet. Deltagarna beskrev ökad noggrannhet och förberedelse inför barnanestesi, ofta präglad av viss nervositet. Upplevelsen var både emotionellt krävande och yrkesmässigt stimulerande. Barnets och föräldrarnas tillstånd påverkade anestesisjuksköterskans upplevelse, och kommunikationen med båda sågs som avgörande. Flera uttryckte behov av mer utbildning och praktisk erfarenhet, särskilt vad gäller yngre barn. Diskussion: Barnanestesi innebär både tekniska och emotionella utmaningar, där förberedelse, kommunikation och samarbete är centralt. Trots begränsad erfarenhet fann anestesisjuksköterskorna mening och arbetsglädje i att bidra till trygg och säker vård för barnet och dess familj. Studien visar också ett tydligt behov av ökad tillgång till utbildning och fortbildning inom området. Slutsats: Barnanestesi som sällanhändelse upplevs som utmanande men meningsfull. För att säkerställa trygg och säker vård bör kontinuerlig kompetensutveckling prioriteras, med fokus på såväl teknisk färdighet som emotionellt och kommunikativt bemötande.
When sport become the self: identity formation through athletic participation - a pathway to psychological well-being or distress : A quantitative survey study on adolescents' self-perceived athletic identity and well-being
No full textDenna studie syftade till att undersöka hur och i vilken grad ungdomar som utövar någon form av idrott identifierar sig med sin idrott, genom en så kallad idrottsidentitet. Studien undersökte ytterligare dessa ungdomars självskattade välmående och om detta mående korrelerar med idrottsidentitet. Vidare undersöktes möjliga skillnader mellan kön och om deltagare som utövade individuella sporter och lagsporter skattade olika. För att skapa en avgränsning för urvalet av deltagare beslutades att endast tillåta deltagare som var idrottsaktiva samt i ålder 15-20 år. Metoden som användes för att besvara syftet och frågeställningarna var en kvantitativ enkätundersökning. De skalor som användes i studien var Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) och Välmåendeskalan, vilka har bevisats vara tillförlitliga genom tidigare forskning. I enkätundersökningen deltog totalt 57 respondenter, av dessa var 32 flickor och 25 pojkar. Slutsatsen som framkom genom analysen av enkätundersökningen visade på ett icke statistiskt signifikant resultat gällande samband mellan idrottsidentitet och välmående. Vidare framkom det även att det inte gick att finna ett statistiskt signifikant resultat varken när det kommer till könsskillnader eller skillnader mellan lagsporter och individuella sporter. This study aimed to examine how and to what extent young individuals engaged in sports identify with their sport, through the concept of athletic identity. Additionally, the study investigated these individuals' self-reported well-being and whether their well-being correlates with athletic identity. Furthermore, were analyses conducted to explore potential gender differences as well as differences between participants involved in individual versus team sports.. To define the participant selection criteria, it was decided that only individuals who exercise and were aged 15–20 years would be included. The method used to address the study's aim and research questions was a quantitative survey. The scales utilized in the study were the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) and the Well-being Scale, both of which have been validated in previous research as reliable measures. In the survey participated a total of 57 respondents of which 32 were girls and 25 were boys. The findings from the survey analysis indicated a non-statistically significant result regarding the relationship between athletic identity and well-being. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were found concerning gender or different types of sports (team versus individual sports)
Modular Implementation of the Rust RTIC Framework by Multi-Pass Macro Expansion
No full textEmbedded systems connected to the internet are everywhere in our daily lives, from cars to heat pumps. Memory-unsafe languages, such as C and C++, are commonly used in embedded systems. However, these languages come with safety and cybersecurity risks. Real-Time Interrupt-driven Concurrency (RTIC) is a framework for embedded Rust. It provides an executable model for hard real-time systems that guarantees race-free and deadlock-free scheduling. The implementation in Rust enables RTIC to effectively utilise the Rust language's memory safety features, thereby eliminating classes of vulnerabilities common to C and C++. However, RTIC needs more contributors to achieve further adoption and drive maintenance and development forward. The current implementation of the RTIC framework is a monolithic codebase with high coupling, meaning contributors need to understand the whole project before they can make any changes. Making the RTIC codebase modular would allow a contributor to focus on one part at a time. This thesis implements and evaluates a modular approach inspired by multi-pass compilers. Each pass handles and expresses an RTIC feature in other, not yet handled features, or standard Rust code. This approach reduces RTIC features in the code, pass by pass, until only one pass remains. It can be viewed as lowering code towards more primitive features, where the final pass produces code that the Rust compiler can use to generate an application. Each pass is a module that may be removed, changed, or entirely replaced. The results indicate the feasibility of multi-pass implementations. A feature called \textit{forward passing} simplified the implementation process.. Each pass may emit additional code to be executed either before or after the system initialisation code generated by downstream passes. The proof-of-concept implementation demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach.. Our evaluation confirms the importance of finding appropriate pass partitioning, specifically avoiding that closely coupled features are handled by disjoint passes. Future work may build on Z. Madaoui's implementation to create a customisable backend that fits different architectures
A Study On AI Trivia Game Development
No full textThis thesis explores the development of an AI-powered trivia game using Unity and largelanguage models (LLMs) to dynamically generate questions with adaptive difficulty. Inspiredby learning platforms like Duolingo, narrative AI systems like AI Dungeon, and game showformats such as Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, the game combines procedural contentgeneration with strategic gameplay elements like wildcards and player progression. Theproject applies modular design principles, audio-visual feedback, and cinematic presentationto enhance user engagement. Early results demonstrate a functional prototype with dynamicquestion delivery and interactive features, contributing to the broader discussion on AI-drivengame design and educational engagement.These results show that LLMs can effectively support interactive educational gameplay, whilehighlighting key considerations for reliable implementatio
Swingin' on the shoulders of giants : How transcribing can benefit your drumming
No full textThis thesis is intended for those who want to learn more about the benefits of transcribing your favorite jazz drummers. It compares how to play a famous jazz standard in different ways and how to arrange one's drumming within the jazz genre. This thesis is not only aimed at drummers. All the concepts, methods, and analyses I present in are also applicable to other instruments. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between transcription and creative improvisation in jazz drumming. In order to fulfill this aim the following research questions where formulated: What characterizes the idiolect of these four drummers? How does an established jazz drummer accompany a soloist, and is there an audible interaction between them? In what ways can transcribing and analyzing my favorite drummers' playing enhance my musicality and personal musical voice? In this master's thesis, I have chosen to analyze and compare how four different jazz drummers play the same composition. The song I have selected is the jazz standards, titled You & The Night & The Music. This is a fairly well-played jazz standard with several different versions and arrangements. The drummers I have chosen for this thesis are Gary Novak, Niclas Campagnol, Philly Joe Jones, and Jukkis Uotila who are some of the best drummers in the world of jazz. I have transcribed these drummers’ drumbeats and solo playing, and I have also learned to play the transcriptions. I have done this to analyze what I can learn from it and to absorb the knowledge and skills of these drummers so that I can apply them to my own playing. I have also recorded myself imitating and replicating these drummers. This was done to observe what I can come up with spontaneously when improvising and how I interpret and perform the same composition and arrangement as they do. Each arrangement was recorded three times so I could analyze the difference between my first, second and third performance of the arrangement. For this thesis I’ve also analyzed the gear that drummers use. I have done this to understand what gear I need to achieve a certain sound or feel in a song. This has expanded my knowledge of the equipment drummers use and why they choose their drums, cymbals, drumheads, and drumsticks. As a final step, I have recorded myself playing with a jazz band to demonstrate my newly acquired knowledge and skills of interpretation. My musicianship has been developed and my personal musical toolbox has been expanded, enhancing my vocabulary of licks and comping ideas. I have also gained a deeper understanding of how interaction works between different instruments in a jazz band, as well as how improvisation and musical interplay function between a soloist and accompaniment. The transcriptions have improved my technical ability in both my hands and feet, and I have had to practice intensely to be able to play some of the drum grooves and solo phrases that they are playing. My sight-reading ability has also improved, and I have become much faster at reading advanced drum notation.
Sally Jones + the Chief = A Relationship Counteracting Species Boundaries
No full textThis study analyses the interspecies relationship between Sally Jones, a gorilla, and her human companion, the Chief, in three novels by Jakob Wegelius, focusing on this dynamic relationship and how it reframes the narrative. The research explores three main questions: the modes of interspecies communication, the core elements of their companionship and how their mutual dependency subverts notions of human supremacy. The theoretical framework integrates perspectives from human-animal studies, including Donovan’s critique of speciesist ideologies that separate human and animal communication (2017), Haraway’s concepts of mutual dependence (2003) and contact zones (2008) in interspecies relations and Derrida's carnofallogocentrism, which interrogates anthropocentric hierarchies (2002). Methodologically, the study employs close reading of the texts paying attention to details in the texts, based on the research questions, theories and previous research, analyzing verbal and non-verbal communication between Sally and the Chief, as well as their interdependent relationship. Findings reveal that their companionship is rooted in mutual respect and understanding, transcending human-animal hierarchies. This relationship critiques notions of human supremacy, as the Chief and Sally navigate their lives as equals, disrupting conventional ideas of ownership and superiority, as well as species and societal boundaries and fostering empathy for ‘the Other’. The study contributes to the broader discourse on interspecies relationships, showing how narratives can shape ethical understandings of human-animal relations and potentially reshape perceptions of human-animal relationships in children’s literature.ISBN for host publication: 978-91-8075-520-7;Full text license: CC BY</p
Moving Beyond Circular Utopia and Paralysis: Accelerating Business Transformations Towards the Circular Economy
No full textThe circular economy constitutes a paradigm shift which has proven to be both engaging and unrealistic. While scholars and practitioners have started to advocate for a move toward the circular economy, promising a full reconfiguration of underlying practices and processes, many have become disillusioned about the lack of traction and progress. The circular economy transition has fallen between utopia and paralysis. This article discusses circular utopia and paralysis from a social-symbolic perspective, examining discursive, relational, and material inflators and impediments of the circular economy transition, and the business transformations that have been pursued to navigate within the pragmatic in-between state. We develop a Circular Economy Business Transformation Framework, which assesses how organizations can combat utopia or overcome paralysis and subsequently position the special issue papers within it. We conclude with an agenda for future research aimed at finding pragmatic and actionable, yet significant, business transformations toward the circular economy.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-08-14 (u1);Full text license: CC BY 4.0</p
Microstructure and thermal properties of nano-SiO2 reinforced 3D printed multiscale PEEK composites
No full textAdditive manufacturing (AM) is growing as a resource-efficient and economical processing technique for polymer-based materials. In recent years, substantial advancements have been made in the fused filament fabrication (FFF) of high-performance polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK). However, there is a notable lack of information in the existing literature on the 3D printing of nanoparticle-filled PEEK composites. In this study, PEEK-based composite filaments filled with nanoscale silicon dioxide (SiO2) and microscale short carbon fibers (SCF) were successfully fabricated using melt compounding and 3D printing using FFF. The addition of 2 wt% nano-SiO2 significantly enhanced interfacial bonding, reduced internal porosity, and improved the microstructure of SCF-PEEK composites. Tomography and microstructure analysis revealed a uniform distribution of fibers. Thermal and structural analysis confirmed that the chemical integrity of the PEEK matrix remained intact during the filament processing and 3D printing. Nano-SiO2 enhanced the thermal decomposition temperatures and improved the crystallization behavior of SCF-PEEK. Multiscale composites exhibited up to 40 % and 11 % increments in stiffness compared to neat PEEK and SCF-PEEK, respectively. Overall, SiO2 improved the microstructure, thermal properties, and dynamic modulus of printed SCF-PEEK composites. The findings in this study demonstrate that nano-SiO2 is a promising filament filler for 3D printing of PEEK composites.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-05-20 (u2);Fulltext: CC BY license;</p