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Assessing spatial and temporal variability of grass swale infiltration in shallow groundwater conditions
No full textImplementing stormwater green infrastructure in shallow groundwater areas presents major challenges that could restrict widespread adoption of swales in such areas. These limitations are driven by concerns about reduced swale infiltration capacity, which negatively impacts the effectiveness of green measures in managing runoff volumes. This study evaluates the spatial and temporal distribution of infiltration rates in a 30-m grass swale section using a Modified Philip-Dune infiltrometer and full-scale infiltration testing. Groundwater levels were continuously monitored by three piezometers adjacent to the grass swale to assess the impact of unsaturated zone depth on the swale infiltration capacity. Results showed that infiltration rates varied widely from 13 mm/h at the swale bottom to 98 mm/h on the right slope and highlighted the potential overestimation of swale capacity when relying only on point measurements of infiltration. Results from a full-scale infiltration test revealed an overall swale infiltration rate of only 4 mm/h, which is below the values recommended in the literature for swale applicability. A 52 % decrease in infiltration rates was observed between 2022 and 2024. Experimental results indicated that the grass swale had the capacity to recover its storage and managed a subsequent rainfall event within 15 h of the full draw-down. While the findings did not show a strong correlation between swale infiltration rates and the depth of the unsaturated zone, the results underscore the need to balance the soil permeability and groundwater protection for effective stormwater management.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-02 (u2);Full text: CC BY license;</p
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and the Circular Economy: Leveraging Ecosystem Strategies for Circular Business Model Implementation
No full textThe circular economy can enable small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to address sustainability challenges and facilitate the transition from the linear economy. Understanding ecosystem strategies and their implications for circular business model implementation is vital for a successful circular economy transition. Therefore, we seek to answer the following research question: How do SMEs’ circular ecosystem strategies influence business model implementation to achieve circularity goals? Drawing on a multiple case study of 31 SMEs from the food processing industry, our research provides insights into four ecosystem strategies: visioner, synergizer, explorer, and amplifier. These circular ecosystem strategies are contingent on the ability of SMEs to adopt an appropriate role in the ecosystem (leader or complementor) and on the state of ecosystem evolution (emerging or established). In addition, we elucidate activities dealing with the design, development, and commercialization of the circular business model that relate to the ecosystem strategies identified.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-07-03 (u2);Full text: CC BY License;Funder: European Regional Development Fund and the Green Transition North -circular economy (GTN—CE)-project (no. 20359796);</p
Can artificial intelligence replace contrast agents in CT scans? : A literature review
No full textBakgrund: Kontrastmedel används ofta vid diagnostiska datortomografiundersökningar (DT) för att förbättra bildkvalitén och tydliggöra strukturer i kroppen. Dock finns det risk för komplikationer, särskilt hos patienter med nedsatt njurfunktion eller allergier mot kontrastmedel. Med den senaste utvecklingen har artificiell intelligens (AI) framstått som en innovativ teknik för att hantera komplexa medicinska utmaningar. Genom att tillföra nya lösningar och effektivisera diagnostiska metoder bidrar AI till att höja både kvaliteten och precisionen inom medicinsk avbildning. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om AI kan ersätta eller minska användningen av kontrastmedel vid DT-undersökning. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en allmän litteraturöversikt. Totalt inkluderades 13 vetenskapliga artiklar som analyserades för att identifiera AI-teknologiers effektivitet och tillämpbarhet. Resultat: Resultaten visar att AI kan generera syntetiska kontrastbilder (SCECT) med hög strukturell likhet och diagnostisk kvalitet, vilket möjliggör en minskning eller eliminering av kontrastmedel i många fall. AI-teknologier, med olika typer av nätverk och modeller, har också visat sig förbättra bildkvaliteten och minska risken för komplikationer. Dock kvarstår begränsningar, såsom behovet av ytterligare validering i större patientgrupper och utveckling av standardiserade protokoll. Slutsats: AI har potential att revolutionera användningen av kontrastmedel vid DT. Tekniken kan förbättra diagnostikens precision och samtidigt minimera risken för komplikationer. Ytterligare studier är nödvändiga för att säkerställa AI:s pålitlighet och möjliggöra dess breda tillämpning i klinisk praxis.
Classroom management as community building: a primary schoolteacher’s integrated rituals, emotional labor, and professional improvisation
No full textThis single case study illuminates the complexity of successful classroom management. Framing classroom management as ritualized community building (Bell, 2009), we show how a teacher’s interaction rituals (Collins, 2004), emotional labor (Scheff, 1994), and professional improvisation (Sorensen, 2023) are integrated in this process. Based on observations of a primary schoolteacher’s classroom management, a chain of interaction rituals could be discerned. Furthermore, in a subsequent in-depth interview with the same teacher, these rituals could be connected to specific emotions, and improvisational acts. According to the interview, the teacher primarily strived to maintain a ‘cozy ambience’, and to establish participation as the norm. Through abductive analysis, a coherent framework for the teacher’s complex classroom management was outlined, where all action and emotions appeared to derive from a moral core value of ‘feeling social responsibility’. Theoretically, this study contributes a complex ritualized model of emotional labor, professional improvisation, and community building in classroom management that teachers can use for reflection and improvement of their own practice. Empirically, results highlight how challenging classroom situations can become opportunities for social bonding and community building. Results also demonstrate that even the most experienced teachers need assistance to simultaneously satisfy the varying needs of different pupils. Validerad;2025;Nivå 1;2025-04-07 (u8);Full text license: CC BY</p
Multi-Scale insights into competitive adsorption of CO2-CH4-N2 ternary mixtures on MIL-101(Cr): From molecular behaviour to process simulation
No full textUnderstanding competitive adsorption behaviors and pore-filling mechanisms of multicomponent gas mixtures in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is essential for advancing gas separation technologies. This study explores the adsorption dynamics of CO2, CH4, and N2 in MIL-101(Cr), demonstrating how its unique topological structure determines adsorption capacity and governs competitive interactions. Pure CO2 and N2 exhibit edge-to-center pore-filling sequences, while CH4 fills from the center outward. In mixed gas systems, CH4 dominates by reshaping the spatial distribution and filling sequence of CO2 and N2, while its own adsorption remains stable. Excess CO2 or CH4 inhibits competing gases from accessing adsorption sites, whereas excess N2 enhances CH4 adsorption, revealing a nuanced interplay of competitive effects. Furthermore, these interactions influence gas mobility, with excess molecules reducing the self-diffusion coefficients of other gases while increasing their own. This work also introduces a novel computational framework that integrates molecular-scale simulations with process-scale modelling to predict breakthrough curves of gas mixtures with high accuracy. The proposed two-stage adsorption process highlights MIL-101(Cr)’s exceptional potential for purifying CH4 from coal bed methane and biogas under ambient conditions. These findings underscore the utility of MIL-101(Cr) and computational innovations for sustainable energy applications and greenhouse gas mitigation.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-08 (u4);Funder: 2023-24 SJTU-UoE China-UK Low Carbon College Joint Seed Fund;Fulltext license: CC BY</p
A feasibility study of the internet-based intervention “Strategies for Empowering activities in Everyday life” (SEE 1.0) applied for people with stroke
No full textBackground To enable people with stroke to achieve an active everyday life under altered conditions, the development of self-management programs is essential to facilitate the process of change that individuals must undergo. To improve access to self-management, internet-based solutions have been proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a novel internet-based intervention, “Strategies for Empowering activities in Everyday Life” (SEE, version 1.0), for clients with stroke. Methods This feasibility study had a preposttest design without a control group and utilized a mixed-method approach. Data were collected through study-specific forms, outcome assessments, interviews, and field notes. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were subsequently applied. Results The study involved fifteen clients and staff at clinics in a hospital-based open-care rehabilitation setting. The results indicate that SEE is feasible for clients with stroke. When adopted as expected, SEE has the potential to empower self-management and enhance engagement, balance, and values in everyday activities. The study also indicates that SEE is feasible in terms of adherent delivery of dosage, acceptability, and value, as perceived by clients, occupational therapists, and clinic managers. However, adjustments are needed in the study design, in terms of recruitment strategies, the selection of assessor-based outcome assessment, and the evaluation of adherence. Additionally, the educational program for professionals should be enhanced to better support the implementation of SEE. Conclusion After the study design, intervention, and educational program are refined, SEE can be prepared for a pilot randomized controlled trial.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-03-17 (u8);Funder: Stroke Research in NorrlandFull text license: CC BY</p
Green infrastructure site prioritization to improve urban flood resilience in Monterrey and Brussels using a decision support model
No full textGreen infrastructure (GI) has been increasingly associated with urban flood resilience as it provides benefits in protecting communities from flood dangers and improving socio-economic capabilities. In order to optimize the GI advantages, it is necessary to engage in strategic prioritizing of implementation areas, considering local conditions. Despite a growing interest in connecting GI and flood resilience, there is still a lack of strategic-oriented GI planning models aimed at enhancing urban flood resilience. This study has introduced the Flood Resilience-based Urban Green Infrastructure Site Priority (FRUGISP) model, which employs a GIS-based multi-criteria assessment to determine the urban regions that should be prioritized for the implementation of GI systems, based on their flood resilience levels. The model was used to map the priority areas in Monterrey, Mexico, and Brussels, Belgium. Despite their distinct features, both cities face flood challenges. The results showed regions of utmost importance based on the flood resilience index and land availability for GI implementation. The model has the potential to be applied to other urban areas grappling with flood issues, providing guidance to decision-makers in selecting high-priority locations for GI projects. This approach can effectively address the difficulties posed by urban floods, ensuring the resilience of urban areas.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-09 (u2);The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-94851-z.Full text license: CC BY</p
Run-time Value Chain Analysis and Cost Accounting Via Microservices In Agile Manufacturing
No full textThe rapid transformation of the manufacturing industry under Industry 4.0 demands systems that can quickly adapt to dynamic market conditions and customer needs. Agile manufacturing emphasizes flexibility, adaptability, and real-time responsiveness, posing challenges in run-time value chain analysis (VCA), including cost flows and production times. This paper presents a novel two-stage VCA approach using an activity-based costing mechanism via microservices to address these challenges. The VCA system enables real-time cost accounting and decision-making, supporting both pre- and post-production VCA, contrasting with traditional methods that rely on historical data. The first stage involves top-down cost calculations from resources to microservices, while the second focuses on constructing efficient manufacturing activities based on product requirements, allowing for a granular analysis of costs and production times across microservices, activities, broader business processes, and finally, cost objects (e.g., customized products, batches of products, or customer invoices). The approach is validated through a proof-of-concept implementation of the VCA system integrated with the Eclipse Arrowhead framework and simulating Fischertechnik indexed line milling, drilling, and conveying operations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in providing detailed insights into costs and production times, enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of agile manufacturers.Validerad;2025;Nivå 1;2025-02-19 (u4);Funder: Electronic Components and Systems for European Leadership (101111977); AI-REDGIO5.0 (101092069);Fulltext license: CC BY</p
Nurses' Health-Promoting Work in Mental Health Issues Among Children and Adolescents
No full textI dagsläget lider många barn och ungdomar av psykisk ohälsa och sjuksköterskor möter dessa personer i sjukvården, inom skolsystemet och inom den sociala omsorgen. Det är av stor vikt att sjuksköterskor vet hur de kan arbeta hälsofrämjande och har kunskap om barn och ungas psykiska hälsa. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att sammanställa kunskap om sjuksköterskors hälsofrämjande arbete vid psykisk ohälsa hos barn och unga. Litteraturstudien utformades som en integrativ kunskapsöversikt med inspiration av Whittemore och Knafl:s metodik. Analysen baserades på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar som identifierades med hjälp av databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades och innehållet utformade områden. I analysen identifierades tre kunskapsområden som vidare delades in nio underområden: Informationshämtning, samtal, familjestöd, direkta åtgärder, trygghet, kommunikation, strukturella faktorer, friskfaktorer och riskfaktorer. I resultatet går det att utläsa att alla nio underområden har betydelse för att sjuksköterskan ska kunna genomföra ett hälsofrämjande arbete för barn och ungas psykiska hälsa. Sjuksköterskor bär ett stort ansvar i att förmedla till barn och unga att det finns en trygg och tillitsfull relation dem emellan och har även ett ansvar i att uppmärksamma och förmedla behovet av stöd och förståelse mellan familjen och individerna med psykisk ohälsa. Litteraturstudien bidrar till en ökad kunskap och sammanställer sjuksköterskans hälsofrämjande arbete vid psykisk ohälsa hos barn och unga, och har potentiellt betydelse för både forskning och praktik.
Cumulative worries in Sápmi—the interplay between climate change and other threats to reindeer herding in Sweden and Norway
No full textCompeting land uses, climate change, and state regulations pose stress to Saami reindeer herders in Norway and Sweden. Saami reindeer herding is a nomadic tradition relying on huge natural pastures, often with long distance migration between seasonal pastures, and the foremost strategy to cope with changing environments has been flexible use of pastures. However, the adaptive space of reindeer herding is under pressure, which may threaten the sustainability of Saami reindeer herding both economically and culturally. The ability to adapt to external pressures has been of focus in several studies on reindeer herding, but few have analysed cumulative sources of worry as perceived by herders. Using data from a survey among reindeer herders in Norway and Sweden, we describe and analyse factors causing worry and cumulative concern. Overall, results show that differences in worry depend largely on country- and region-specific challenges, while other characteristics of the respondents, with some exceptions, do not significantly explain the degree of worry. A principal component analysis shows that underlying traits that could be interpreted as land use change have the highest factor loadings. Another principal component analysis of questions on the effects of climate change suggests that there are two groups of reactions among reindeer herders. One group of traits points to a general worry and insight that some undefined changes in management need to be done, while another set points to an insight that current reindeer husbandry is unsustainable, given the effects of climate change, and consequently a willingness to take concrete action.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-14 (u5);Full text license: CC BY 4.0;Funder: European union;</p