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Silenciament multigènic en plantes per microARNs artificiales expresats perprecursors mínims en tàndem
No full text[EN] Gene silencing or RNA interference (RNAi) mediated by small artificial RNAs (art-sRNAs) is a valuable biotechnological tool for regulating gene expression, facilitating the development of plants that are better adapted to environmental changes or more resistant to pathogens. It consists of designing highly specific 21-nucleotide art-sRNAs with a sequence complementary to that of the target gene transcript and expressing them in plants to induce the cleavage of these transcripts and silence the corresponding gene. Our laboratory has developed a series of bioinformatic and molecular tools that include new state-of-the-art expression vectors that allow the ultra-fast cloning of various art-sRNAs, such as artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) or synthetic tasiRNAs (syntasiRNAs), and their transient overexpression or overexpression in transgenic plants. Despite the success of these tools, the need to integrate art-sRNA precursor sequences into the plant genome limits their commercial use due to strict European legislation regulating genetically modified organisms. This study aims to investigate the effect of two minimal precursors in tandem for the future development of biotechnological tools. This work has been carried out with two plant species, A. thaliana and N. benthamiana, and using different expression formats, such as stable, transient and viral vector.[ES] El silenciamiento génico o RNA de interferencia (RNAi) mediado por pequeños RNAs artificiales (art-sRNAs) es una valiosa herramienta biotecnológica para regular la expresión génica y que facilita la obtención de plantas mejor adaptadas a los cambios medioambientales o más resistentes a patógenos. Consiste en diseñar art-sRNAs de 21 nucleótidos, altamente específicos y con secuencia complementaria a la del transcrito del gen diana, y expresarlos en plantas para inducir el corte de dichos transcritos y silenciar el gen correspondiente. Nuestro laboratorio ha desarrollado una serie de herramientas bioinformáticas y moleculares que incluyen unos nuevos vectores de expresión de última generación que permiten el clonado ultrarápido de diversos artsRNAs, como son los microRNAs artificiales (amiRNAs) o los tasiRNAs sintéticos (syntasiRNAs), y su sobrexpresión de manera transitoria o en plantas transgénicas. A pesar del éxito de estas herramientas, la necesidad de integrar las secuencias precursoras de los art-sRNAs en el genoma de la planta limita su uso comercial debido a la estricta legislación europea que regula los organismos modificados genéticamente. A lo largo de este trabajo se pretende estudiar el efecto de dos precursores mínimos en tándem para el futuro desarrollo de herramientas biotecnológicas. Este trabajo se ha llevado a cabo con dos especies de plantas, A. thaliana y N. benthamiana, y mediante diferentes formatos de expresión, como la estable, la transitoria y en vector viral.Gibanel Velasco, L. (2026). Multigene Silencing in Plants by Artificial microRNAs Expressed from Minimal Precursors in Tandem. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232592TFG
Salutogenesis, Design + Health: Embracing Holistic Tactics to Fostering Wellbeing in Built Environments
No full text[EN] Built environments play major roles in shaping our physiology, sociology, psychology and spirituality. In fact, the environments in our cities, communities, spaces and places prove primary determinants of public health. From engineering exercise out of cities and generating toxic compounds, on the negative side, to creating green spaces and ensuring our ‘right to light’, on the positive side, the designs of our landscapes, buildings and interiors seriously impact our wellness, happiness and quality of life. The present research explores new and more holistic ways of approaching design with wellness at the core. The researcher, an architect & psychologist, has spend decades investigating more integrative, sensitive and inclusive means of approaching the conception, construction and occupation of built environments. Central to the current paper is the conduct of a senior research architecture studio focused on the principles of Salutogenesis, a theoretical frame and mode of practice developed by sociologist Aaron Antonovsky. Salutogenesis assumes an opposite posturing to pathogenesis – the norm in most health care systems whereby disease is treated after it surfaces. In a more preventative and proactive sense, a Salutogenic strategy considers the person in concert with many environmental forces in play, from societal + personal stressors to the spaces + places in which we work, play and dwell. A senior level graduate studio provided a rich milieu to explore aspects of the environment that can contribute to better health, more happiness and an improved quality of life (QoL). Unlike typical studios, which often dedicate a short & superficial opening block to research, the present project embedded a one-month intense research period (Phase 2) into the studio schedule. After completing a month of conceptual design work (Phase 1 – solo work), students collaborating in teams explored key areas & pressing topics with rich connections to and potential implications for health, namely: agile architecture, restorative design, alternative medicine, and systems & cybernetics. In a one-day external seminar (hosted by a construction association), student research teams presented their findings to diverse content experts, including professionals drawn from medicine, architecture, interior design, construction, human ecology, and urban design. Armed with the four thematic research reports, together with the guidance of the aforesaid content experts, the students (now working independently) moved into the design development component (Phase 3) of their Salutogenesis Institute 5000 m2 building projects. A key goal of this ultimate part of the studio was to deploy in a demonstrable + evidence-based fashion, the research findings in ways that positively reconsidered parameters and reshaped design. In the end fourteen building designs were realized, all of which embraced theories of Salutogenesis while concurrently valuing research, using holistic tactics, and placingSocial Sciences & Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) Partnership Grant Project #895-2022-1003 Quality in Canada’s Built Environment: Roadmaps to Equity, Social Value + SustainabilitySinclair, B. (2026). Salutogenesis, Design + Health: Embracing Holistic Tactics to Fostering Wellbeing in Built Environments. En Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, (pp. 1016-1026). https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2024.2024.18147OCS1016102
Disseny de vectors virals per a induir el silenciament de gens de l'hoste basats en la modificació de proteïnes de moviment de la família 30K
No full text[ES] El silenciamiento génico inducido por virus (Virus-induced gene silencing, VIGS) representa una herramienta particularmente relevante en especies agrícolas para el estudio de la funcionalidad génica. En nuestro laboratorio hemos puesto a punto un sistema innovador que permite utilizar virus con proteínas de movimiento (MP) pertenecientes a la familia de 30K como vectores VIGS. La estrategia consiste en modificar las MP de la familia 30K para introducir secuencias heterólogas del gen de interés en su secuencia codificante. Este enfoque permitió la inducción exitosa del silenciamiento génico en Nicotiana tabacum y Nicotiana benthamiana. A diferencias de los métodos de VIGS convencionales que emplean secuencias de inserción relativamente largas (100-500 pb), nuestro enfoque utiliza secuencias mucho más pequeñas (54 pb o menos). Además, hemos observado que la utilización de secuencias heterólogas pequeñas permite establecer una correlación entre el tamaño de la inserción y la eficacia del silenciamiento, abriendo la puerta a silenciar genes esenciales en huéspedes de interés. En el presente proyecto, analizaremos la capacidad de silenciamiento de dos vectores virales basados en el virus del mosaico de la alfalfa (AMV) y el virus de mosaico del pepino (CMV) así como los requerimientos de las secuencias introducidas para inducir un silenciamiento total o parcial de genes del huésped, utilizando tanto plantas de Nicotiana benthamiana como de Arabidopsis thaliana. Los resultados de este estudio podrían proporcionar un marco teórico y práctico para la aplicación de VIGS en una amplia gama de cultivos de importancia agrícola, contribuyendo a mejorar su resistencia frente a factores bióticos y abióticos, así como a optimizar la manipulación genética en estos organismos.[EN] Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a particularly relevant tool in agricultural species for studying gene functionality. In our laboratory, we have developed an innovative system that allows viruses with movement proteins (MPs) belonging to the 30K family to be used as VIGS vectors. The strategy consists of modifying the MP of the 30K family to introduce heterologous sequences of the gene of interest into its coding sequence. This approach allowed the successful induction of gene silencing in Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana. Unlike conventional VIGS methods that use relatively long insertion sequences (100-500 bp), our approach uses much smaller sequences (54 bp or less). Furthermore, we have observed that the use of small heterologous sequences allows a correlation to be established between the size of the insertion and the efficacy of silencing, opening the door to silencing essential genes in hosts of interest. In this project, we will analyse the silencing capacity of two viral vectors based on alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), as well as the requirements of the sequences introduced to induce total or partial silencing of host genes, using both Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana plants.The results of this study could provide a theoretical and practical framework for the application of VIGS in a wide range of agriculturally important crops, contributing to improving their resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, as well as optimising genetic manipulation in these organisms.Villalba Vaz, A. (2026). Diseño de vectores virales para inducir el silenciamiento de genes del huésped basados en la modificación de proteínas de movimiento de la familia 30K. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232591TFG
Transient analysis of induction machine deep bar current displacement through bar layer model
No full text[EN] The aim of this contribution is to advance in the description of the bar current displacement effect in induction machines with deep rotor bars. The model proposes a transient bar layer model that is based on the former steady state studies (the multiple bar layer model) to provide a state space model of the bar layer currents that can be integrated in standard transient performance models of the induction machine. The transient bar layer model results are compared with the analytical results for steady state performance showing very good agreement. The model results are compared also with a previous proposal based on uncoupled time-finite element method (FEM) calculations showing a better description of the transient bar current displacement effect that should be considered in the design of high-performance torque control systems for converter-fed induction machines. The transient bar layer model has been validated also against FEM calculation including the eddy current effect equivalent to the bar current displacement under transient conditions equivalent to those typical of converter-fed operation. The proposed model is quite time efficient compared to such coupled time-FEM models able to represent the bar current displacement and, thus, it is very well suited to the effective design and tuning of induction machine control systems.This publication is part of the R+D+i project (grant PID2021-128013OB-I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by "ERDF A way of making Europe". This work was also supported by Generalitat Valenciana, Spain (reference CIAICO/2022/042) .Terrón-Santiago, Carla;Delfa-Baena, Sandra;Riera-Guasp, Martín;Sapena-Bano, Angel;Martinez-Roman, Javier (2026). Transient analysis of induction machine deep bar current displacement through bar layer model. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. 240:317-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2025.06.027S31733124
Desenvolupament d'un Model BIM en l'entorn CYPE per a l'Avaluació i Rehabilitació Energètica de La Farinera (València): Anàlisi de l'Estat Actual i Proposta de Millores per a aconseguir l'Estàndard NZEB
No full text[ES] Este proyecto se centra en el análisis energético y la optimización de La Harinera, un edificio público de Valencia, mediante una metodología BIM (Building Information Modeling) y el uso del software CYPE. El objetivo principal ha sido evaluar el comportamiento actual del edificio, su modelización y análisis energético, y proponer mejoras viables para alcanzar el estándar de NZEB (Near Zero Energy Building).
Este análisis se enmarca en la estrategia de descarbonización urbana de edificios municipales por la Missió Climàtica València 2030, ofreciendo un ejemplo replicable de cómo aplicar tecnologías BIM en procesos de rehabilitación energética en edificios existentes.
El proceso ha incluido el diseño del modelo arquitectónico del edificio simplificado, la configuración completa del modelo analítico y energético, y la realización de la simulación del caso base mediante CYPETHERM HE Plus, lo que ha permitido identificar las principales ineficiencias energéticas del edificio.
Los resultados han mostrado una demanda térmica significativa, especialmente en refrigeración, y un consumo elevado de energía primaria, concentrado en los sistemas de iluminación, climatización y equipamiento. A partir de este diagnóstico, se han llevado a cabo simulaciones de mejora centradas en la reducción de la demanda y el consumo energético. Las estrategias aplicadas han incluido protecciones solares automáticas, sombreamiento exterior, mejora del aislamiento térmico y optimización de la envolvente, consiguiendo reducir la demanda de calefacción y refrigeración hasta cumplir los requisitos NZEB. Asimismo, se han implementado medidas activas orientadas al consumo, como el control de ocupación para la gestión eficiente de la iluminación y la climatización, la optimización de los horarios de funcionamiento y la instalación de nuevos módulos fotovoltaicos. Estas acciones han permitido reducir de forma notable la dependencia de energía no renovable e incrementar el aporte de generación limpia.
Finalmente, se ha realizado un análisis económico integral que ha evaluado los costes de inversión, los ahorros energéticos y los periodos de retorno de las distintas actuaciones. Los resultados han confirmado la viabilidad técnica y económica de las medidas adoptadas, consolidando a La Harinera como un edificio público de energía casi nula y eficiente.[EN] This project focuses on the energy analysis and optimization of La Harinera, a public building in Valencia, through a Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology and the use of CYPE software. The main objective was to evaluate the building¿s current performance, develop its digital model and energy analysis, and propose feasible improvements to achieve the NZEB (Near Zero Energy Building) standard.
This analysis is part of the urban decarbonization strategy for municipal buildings promoted by Missió Climàtica València 2030, providing a replicable example of how to apply BIM technologies in energy rehabilitation processes for existing buildings.
The process included the design of a simplified architectural model of the building, the full configuration of the analytical and energy models, and the simulation of the baseline scenario using CYPETHERM HE Plus, which made it possible to identify the building¿s main energy inefficiencies.
The results revealed significant thermal demand, particularly for cooling, and high primary energy consumption, mainly associated with lighting, HVAC, and equipment systems. Based on this diagnosis, improvement simulations were carried out focusing on reducing both energy demand and consumption. The strategies applied included automatic solar protections, external shading, enhanced thermal insulation, and optimization of the building envelope, achieving reductions in heating and cooling demand sufficient to meet NZEB requirements. In addition, active measures aimed at energy consumption were implemented, such as occupancy control for efficient management of lighting and HVAC systems, optimization of operating schedules, and the installation of new photovoltaic modules.These actions substantially reduced dependence on non-renewable energy sources and increased the share of clean energy generation.
Finally, a comprehensive economic analysis was conducted to assess investment costs, energy savings, and payback periods for the various interventions. The results confirmed the technical and economic feasibility of the adopted measures, consolidating La Harinera as an efficient near-zero energy public building.González De Juan, M. (2026). Desarrollo de un Modelo BIM en el entorno CYPE para la Evaluación y Rehabilitación Energética de La Harinera (Valencia): Análisis del Estado Actual y Propuesta de Mejoras para alcanzar el Estándar NZEB. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232681TFG
Street will Tear Us Apart: Alternative Scenarios for the Urban Transformation of the Cultural Quartier in Sarajevo
No full text[EN] This paper examines the status quo of an urban void located among three key museums in Sarajevo: The National Museum, the Historical Museum, and the under-construction Contemporary Art Museum. This in-between space is controversial due to its designation in urban plans as the site for a major transversal road, intended to connect the northern and southern avenues via a four-lane road and bridge crossing the Miljacka River, which would disrupt the existing continuity of a prominent longitudinal green space. In the interim period before the road is developed, this void offers numerous possibilities for alternative uses and temporary public projects through tactical urbanism. One potential option is to develop the area into a museum quartier. Academic activities, workshops, and architecture studios have been organized to critically examine the key aspects of the urban plans within the context of political and economic transitions, and to juxtapose them with the goals of sustainable development and the actual priorities of Sarajevo's inhabitants. This paper aims to spark a discussion about the future of this urban threshold: whether it should be transformed into a transversal traffic link, or instead developed into a socio-cultural hub that fosters public activity. Through observation, projection, and experimentation with various activities and interventions, this study challenges the notions of "permanent temporality" and "temporary permanence" in this in-between space during the interim period awaiting future development.Zagora, N.;Ibrišimbegović, S. (2026). Street will Tear Us Apart: Alternative Scenarios for the Urban Transformation of the Cultural Quartier in Sarajevo. En Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, (pp. 134-146). https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2024.2024.19118OCS13414
Visualidades Posporno 3.0: La Sobreexposición del Cuerpo Femenino a Través del Arte y los Medios Digitales
No full text[EN] What performativities are employed from an artistic perspective to represent female sexuality within networked society?This paper proposes an approach to studying the ways in which post-pornographic visualities are incorporated and developed within the artistic field, specifically in those areas related to technological and digital media. The main hypothesis of this study is that such representations problematize erotic capital as a form of cultural capital and question the aestheticization of the explicit. Furthermore, they promote the denaturalization of the pornographic production apparatus, which has conventionally been constructed with a purely masturbatory purpose, created by and for a heterosexual male audience. To support this argument, the paper analyzes and interrelates the graphic, audiovisual and performative work of artists Candela Capit & aacute;n, Arvida Bystr & ouml;m, and Molly Soda, since their practices challenge prevailing beauty standards on digital platforms. Through their artistic interventions, they explore the overexposure and vulnerability of the female body, as well as its representation, consumption, and regulation across the Internet. These works invite a critical reflection on how femininity and sexual agency are mediated, commodified, and negotiated within the dynamics of online visibility and technological culture.[ES] ¿Qué performatividades se emplean desde una perspectiva artística para representar la
sexualidad femenina en la sociedad en red? Este artículo propone un enfoque para
estudiar cómo las visualidades postpornográficas se incorporan y desarrollan en el
ámbito artístico, específicamente en las áreas relacionadas con los medios tecnológicos
y digitales.
La hipótesis principal de este estudio es que dichas representaciones problematizan el
capital erótico como una forma de capital cultural y cuestionan la estetización de lo
explícito. Además, promueven la desnaturalización del aparato de producción
pornográfica, que convencionalmente se ha construido con un propósito puramente
onanístico, creado por y para un público masculino heterosexual. Para fundamentar este
argumento, el artículo analiza e interrelaciona la obra gráfica, audiovisual y
performativa de las artistas Candela Capitán, Arvida Byström y Molly Soda, ya que sus
prácticas desafían los estándares de belleza predominantes en las plataformas digitales.
A través de sus intervenciones artísticas, exploran la sobreexposición y la vulnerabilidad
del cuerpo femenino, así como su representación, consumo y regulación en internet.
Estas obras invitan a una reflexión crítica sobre cómo la feminidad y la agencia sexual
son mediadas, mercantilizadas y negociadas dentro de la dinámica de la visibilidad en
línea y la cultura tecnológica.Infante Barbosa, MA.;Gonzalez Ibanez, E.;López Izquierdo, María Angeles (2026). Post-Porn Visualities 3.0: The Overexposure of the Female Body Through Art and Digital Media. Barcelona Investigación Arte Creación / Barcelona research art creation. 14(1):1-16. https://doi.org/10.17583/brac.18113S11614
Casa al Mare, an american influenced project by Ettore Sottsass
No full text[EN] The work consists of an analysis of the influence that North American culture and architecture had on Europe after the Second World War. The study is carried out using as an example a project by the famous designer and architect, Ettore Sottsass (1917-2007), carried out in the middle of the century. The study is carried out room by room, establishing relationships between the Italian's Mediterranean villa and some of the most iconic homes of the 1950s and 1960s in the United States.Martínez Lauwers Dolz, B. (2026). Casa al Mare, an american influenced project by Ettore Sottsass. En Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, (pp. 600-607). https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2024.2024.19126OCS60060
Life Cycle Assessment of Deep Energy Retrofitting solutions: An Economic and Environmental Study on a Public Housing Complex Managed by AUMSA in Valencia
No full text[EN] In response to the climate crisis, there is a pressing need to revisit traditional construction methods. The European Union, through its EU Green Deal, aims to double the deep energy renovations annual rate by 2030, aligning with the United Nations' goal for climate neutrality by 2050. This study evaluates the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costs (LCC) associated with two proposed deep renovation scenarios for a public residential building managed by ‘Actuaciones Urbanas Municipales S.A.’ (AUMSA), located in Valencia, Spain. The building is comprehensively analysed using full-building energy simulations through Energy Plus, an LCA with Sima Pro, and an LCC using the Building Life Cycle Cost program. For each method and its corresponding tools, there is an alignment with the CTE HE Spanish normative and ISO standards. This detailed examination focuses on two scenarios: one employing traditional materials and the other using unconventional materials sourced locally. In the evaluated scenarios, the use of unconventional, locally sourced materials is identified as the most environmentally beneficial option. However, it is associated with higher initial costs when assessed through LCC analysis, compared to traditional methods. This finding emphasises the necessity to integrate environmental and economic assessments to formulate strategic plans for extensive energy renovations. The balance between maximising environmental benefits while optimising costs is crucial for enhancing the current rates of deep renovations. Such plans should align with the three pillars of sustainability: social, environmental, and economic, providing a comprehensive roadmap for sustainable development.Juan Gabriel;Saez, V.;Quintana-Gallardo, Alberto;Bono-Cremades, Javier Alfonso;Alapont-Ramón, José-Luis;Guillén Guillamón, Ignacio Enrique (2026). Life Cycle Assessment of Deep Energy Retrofitting solutions: An Economic and Environmental Study on a Public Housing Complex Managed by AUMSA in Valencia. En Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, (pp. 928-936). https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2024.2024.18176OCS92893
Tandem Catalytic Processes for Selective Ethylene Valorization into C3 Chemicals
No full text[ES] El etileno representa uno de los pilares de la industria química actual como parte de los denominados "productos químicos básicos". Los procesos de recuperación y valorización de etileno actuales están basados en fuentes de carbono de origen fósil y son operados a gran escala, por lo que tienen asociado un elevado coste energético y contribuyen significativamente a la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero. La preocupación actual por avanzar hacia la descarbonización de la industria química ha impulsado el diseño de procesos químicos más sostenibles. En este contexto, el diseño de nuevos procesos catalíticos (tándem), con alta economía atómica y operando a condiciones de operación más suaves, supone una alternativa de gran interés. La presente tesis doctoral se centra en el desarrollo de procesos catalíticos alternativos para la conversión de (bio-)etileno en productos de alto valor añadido, como el propileno o los compuestos oxigenados C3.
En primer lugar, se ha estudiado el efecto de emplear diferentes soportes basados en óxidos metálicos en catalizadores de Rh de dispersión atómica para la hidroformilación de etileno en fase gas para producir propanal. Entre los materiales estudiados con diferente grado de reducibilidad superficial, el catalizador Rh1/SnO2 mostró el mejor rendimiento, con altos valores de actividad y con una selectividad a hidroformilación prácticamente total, a unas condiciones de operación muy suaves (P=20 bar, T=383 K). El comportamiento extraordinario de este material se ha atribuido a la capacidad de formar vacantes de oxígeno superficiales, lo que facilita la formación de especies de Rh de alta flexibilidad de coordinación y con propiedades electrónicas que se asemejan a de los catalizadores moleculares en disolución empleados industrialmente.
A continuación, se estudió el uso de catalizadores bimetálicos Ag-Pt para la hidrogenación selectiva de aldehídos en presencia de olefinas. Para la composición óptima del catalizador (50%.
Por último, se estudió la conversión de etileno a propileno mediante procesos tándem de dimerización-metátesis. Para ello, se estudiaron métodos de calentamiento específico y termometría selectiva combinando técnicas de calentamiento por inducción y termometría por luminiscencia. Dichos métodos resultaron adecuados para solventar las incompatibilidades de temperatura inherentes a los procesos de catálisis tándem del estado del arte y desbloquear, de esta manera, rendimientos inaccesibles para procesos operados mediante calentamiento convencional.[CA] L'etilè representa un dels pilars de la indústria química actual com a part dels denominats "productes químics bàsics". Els processos de recuperació i valorització d'etilé actuals estan basats en fonts de carboni d'origen fòssil i són operats a gran escala, per la qual cosa tenen associat un elevat cost energètic i contribueixen significativament a l'emissió de gasos d'efecte d'hivernacle. La preocupació actual per avançar cap a la descarbonització de la indústria química requereix el disseny de processos químics més sostenibles. En este context, el disseny de nous processos catalítics (tàndem), amb alta economia atòmica i operant a condicions d'operació més suaus, suposa una alternativa de gran interés. La present tesi doctoral se centra en el desenvolupament de processos catalítics alternatius per a la conversió de (bio-)etilè en productes d'alt valor afegit, com el propilé o els compostos oxigenats C3.
En primer lloc, s'ha estudiat l'efecte d'utilitzar diferents suports basats en òxids metàllics en catalitzadors de Rh de dispersió atòmica per a la *hidroformilación d'etilè en fase gas per a produir probresca. Entre els materials estudiats amb diferent grau de reducibilidad superficial, el catalitzador Rh1/SnO2 va mostrar el millor rendiment, amb alts valors d'activitat i amb una selectivitat a hidroformilació pràcticament total, a unes condicions d'operació molt suaus (P=20 bar, T=383 K). El comportament extraordinari d'este material s'ha atribuït a la capacitat de formar vacants d'oxigen superficials, la qual cosa facilita la formació d'espècies de Rh d'alta flexibilitat de coordinació i amb propietats electròniques que s'assemblen a dels catalitzadors moleculars en dissolució utilitzats industrialment.
A continuació, es va a estudiar l'ús de catalitzadors bimetàl·lics Ag-Pt per a la hidrogenació selectiva d'aldehids en presència d'olefines. Per a la composició òptima del catalitzador (50%.
Finalment, es va a estudiar la conversió d'etilè a propilè mitjançant processos tàndem de dimerització-metàtesi. Per a això, es van a estudiar mètodes de calfament específic i termometria selectiva combinant tècniques de calfament per inducció i termometria per luminescència. Aquests mètodes van a resultar adequats per a solucionar les incompatibilitats de temperatura inherents als processos de catàlisis tàndem de l'estat de l'art i desbloquejar, d'esta manera, rendiments inaccessibles per a processos operats mitjançant calfament convencional.[EN] Ethylene constitutes one of the pillars of the current chemical industry as part of the so-called "commodity chemicals". Current ethylene recovery and valorization technologies are based on fossil-based carbon feedstocks operated at the large scale, which are very energy-intense and contribute to important greenhouse gas emissions. The current concern on progressing towards a defossilized chemical industry calls for the design of more sustainable chemical processes. In this regard, the design of novel (tandem-) catalytic processes, with high atom economy at milder operation conditions, is desired. In this thesis, the conversion of (bio-)ethylene into high-added value chemicals such as propylene and C3 oxygenates via alternative catalytic processes is addressed.
Firstly, metal oxide support effects have been explored in Rh single-atom catalysts for gas-phase ethylene hydroformylation to propanal. By exploring a series of materials with different surface reducibility, a Rh1/SnO2 catalyst showed to deliver the best performance, with high Rh-specific activity and essentially full selectivity to hydroformylation under very mild operation conditions (P=20 bar, T=383 K). The unconventional performance of this material has been ascribed to the capacity of forming surface oxygen vacancies on the SnO2 support, which triggers the formation of Rh species that resemble the electronic and coordination flexibility properties of Rh centers in benchmark molecular complexes operating in solution.
Next, bimetallic Ag-Pt catalysts were explored, computationally and experimentally, for the selective hydrogenation of aldehydes in the presence of olefins under the same set of mild operation conditions. For the optimal catalyst formulation (50%.
Finally, the direct conversion of ethylene into propylene via tandem dimerization-metathesis has been explored. Catalyst-specific heating and thermometry methods, combining induction heating and remote luminescence thermometry, proved suitable to alleviate temperature incompatibilities inherent to state-of-the-art tandem catalytic processes and unlock catalytic performances inaccessible to conventionally heated conversion processes.I would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and
Universities (MCIU) for my FPU grant (FPU17/04701) and the European Research Council (ERC)
under the Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC-CoG-TANDEng; grant agreement
864195), which have made possible the realization of this thesis. I would like to thank the Institute of
Chemical Technology (ITQ) and the Spanish Research Council (CSIC) for giving me access to the
infrastructure I have used for my PhD work. I would like also to thank the Institute of Materials Science
of Madrid (ICMM) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for giving me access to their
facilities during my short stays. Thanks also to the ALBA synchrotron and, particularly, to the CLÆSS
beamline for making possible the access to synchrotron experiments granting us with several
beamtimes. Finally I would like to thank the Chemical and Nuclear Engineering department (DIQN) of
the Polytechnic University of Valencia (UPV), for hosting me as a teaching assistant during these
yearsGarcía Farpón, M. (2024). Tandem Catalytic Processes for Selective Ethylene Valorization into C3 Chemicals [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/203261TESI