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Queer matters in criminology
No full textThis special issue addresses the need for a critical and collective response to the growing hostility faced by queer and trans people worldwide, and to the expansion of state, legal, and techno-social control over contra-normative modes of gendered and sexual life. In this editor’s introduction, we reflect on the provocation offered in the title of this special issue—
Queer Matters in Criminology
—and situate this collection’s development within its social, intellectual, and institutional context. We foreground the importance of a queer criminology that challenges criminological spaces to become more explicitly anti-normative and politically radical, and to foster alliances and coalitions in defence of queer and trans lives. At a time when queer and trans research is being vilified, criminalised, surveilled, and censored by state institutions across the globe, spaces where that knowledge can be generated, shared, and defended are as vital as ever
Comparison of Methods for the Preparation of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters for the Analysis of Omega‐3 Rich Oils by Gas Chromatography
No full textABSTRACTFatty acid analysis is required in a wide range of industries, and conversion to fatty acid methyl esters followed by gas chromatography is by far the most common method of analysis. However, despite widespread use, there is no consensus on which derivatization method should be used or how the methods compare. In this work, five methods for the preparation of fatty acid methyl esters were compared for the analysis of three omega‐3 rich oils (marine, krill, and flaxseed oils). Overall, we found that all methods gave similar results for percentage composition of fatty acids, but some variation existed when comparing absolute quantitation of fatty acids. We also found that the derivatization efficacy of each method varied depending on lipid class, with catalyst type having a significant effect. Two methods employing: (i) methanolic hydrogen chloride and (ii) methanolic sodium hydroxide followed by a boron trihalide reagent (BCl3 or BF3) had derivatizing efficacies (by lipid class) that were significantly higher than for the other methods.</p
Collaborative Work Spaces, Diversity, and Regional Entrepreneurship Growth: A Conceptual Review
No full textCollaborative Work Spaces, Diversity, and Regional Entrepreneurship Growth: A Conceptual Revie
Effect of ultra-processed food consumption on male reproductive and metabolic health
No full textEffect of ultra-processed food consumption on male reproductive and metabolic healt
From policy to practice: progress towards data- and code-sharing in ecology and evolution
No full textData and code are essential for ensuring the credibility of scientific results and facilitating reproducibility, areas in which journal sharing policies play a crucial role. However, in ecology and evolution, we still do not know how widespread data- and code-sharing policies are, how accessible they are, and whether journals support data and code peer review. Here, we first assessed the clarity, strictness and timing of data- and code-sharing policies across 275 journals in ecology and evolution. Second, we assessed initial compliance to journal policies using submissions from two journals:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B
(Mar 2023–Feb 2024:
n
= 2340) and
Ecology Letters
(Jun 2021–Nov 2023:
n
= 571). Our results indicate the need for improvement: across 275 journals, 22.5% encouraged and 38.2% mandated data-sharing, while 26.6% encouraged and 26.9% mandated code-sharing. Journals that mandated data- or code-sharing typically required it for peer review (59.0% and 77.0%, respectively), which decreased when journals only encouraged sharing (40.3% and 24.7%, respectively). Our evaluation of policy compliance confirmed the important role of journals in increasing data- and code-sharing but also indicated the need for meaningful changes to enhance reproducibility. We provide seven recommendations to help improve data- and code-sharing, and policy compliance
What Do Australians Eat? A Systematic Review of Dietary Patterns and Adverse Health Outcomes
No full textAbstract
Context
A suboptimal diet is a leading factor in the current burden of chronic diseases. In Australia, dietary factors contribute to one-fifth of the chronic disease burden. Understanding the dietary patterns of Australian adults and summarizing their effects on chronic conditions are imperative for improving interventions targeting dietary behaviors.
Objective
This systematic review aims to summarize the dietary patterns of Australian adults derived using a posteriori and hybrid analysis methods and their associations with adverse health outcomes.
Data Sources
Six databases were first searched in December 2020 and updated in August 2023.
Data Extraction
Cardiometabolic health, cardiovascular mortality, cancer, pregnancy-related metabolic conditions (gestational diabetes mellitus [GDM] or hypertensive disorders during pregnancy [HDP]), mental health, and cognitive function were the main health outcomes.
Data Analysis
Dietary patterns from each study were classified as either healthy or unhealthy. A narrative synthesis was used to describe the association of dietary patterns with adverse health outcomes in longitudinal studies. Fifty-nine observational studies (31 cross-sectional, 3 case-control, 22 longitudinal, and 3 combining both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs) were included, involving a total of 362 263 participants aged 18 years and older.
Conclusion
Higher adherence to a healthy dietary pattern (characterized by higher consumption of dark-yellow, green leafy, cruciferous vegetables and fruits, nuts, whole grains, tomatoes, fish, and low-fat dairy) is associated with improved cardiometabolic risk factors, reduced risk of GDM and HDP, better mental health, and improved pregnancy outcomes. On the other hand, an unhealthy dietary pattern (characterized by a higher intake of processed and red meat, takeaway foods, white bread, high-fat dairy, potatoes, discretionary fat, sweet snacks, soft drinks, fat spreads, jam, and Vegemite) is linked to increased cardiometabolic risks. Overall, while healthy dietary patterns are associated with a reduced risk of several physical and mental health outcomes, unhealthy dietary patterns are linked to an increased risk in Australian adults.
Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023452960
Unmet Need for Breast Cancer Screening Among South Asian Women in Victoria
No full textUnmet Need for Breast Cancer Screening Among South Asian Women in Victori
Suicidality in Men Following Relationship Breakdown: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Data
No full textSuicidality in Men Following Relationship Breakdown: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Global Dat
Clinical characteristics and mortality in novel subgroups of adult-onset diabetes in an Australian population-based cohort of men
No full textClinical characteristics and mortality in novel subgroups of adult-onset diabetes in an Australian population-based cohort of me
Nasal transcriptome differences preceding recurrent wheezing in infancy
No full textNasal transcriptome differences preceding recurrent wheezing in infanc