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The Concept of Local Community in the Contemporary Postmodern Context. A Sociological Approach
No full textU radu se razmatra pojam lokalne zajednice iz sociološke perspektive, polazeći od kla sične Tönniesove definicije pojma zajednice (njem. Gemeinschaft) kao temeljne forme ljudske društvenosti, koji precizno razlikuje njezina obilježja, ulogu i funkcije od poj ma društva (njem. Gesellschaft). Glavni cilj je preispitati kakvo je suvremeno značenje pojma lokalne zajednice, koja su njezina obilježja te je li ona više zajednica u klasič nom smislu značenja ili tek oblik prostorom povezanog individualizma, čime popri ma više obilježja društva prema Tönniesovoj tipologiji. Najprije će biti prikazan sam pojam zajednice u klasičnoj i suvremenoj sociološkoj konceptualizaciji, od tradicio nalnih seoskih zajednica kao primarnih lokalnih zajednica do modernih urbanih su sjedstva. Također se razmatra i koncept župe kao župne zajednice koja sadrži obilježja i tradicionalnih i suvremenih lokalnih zajednica. Posebno se analiziraju obilježja pos tmodernih zajednica koje karakterizira osjećaj identiteta ili pripadnosti a koje najčešće i nisu povezane nekim geografskim lokalitetom. Naredno poglavlje bavi se virtualnim zajednicama kao i utjecajem informatičke tehnologije na djelovanje lokalne zajednice, kada se socijalne interakcije ne odvijaju samo u realnoj nego i u virtualnoj stvarnosti, čime one postaju ujedno i hibridne zajednice. U zaključku je prikazana komparativna shema temeljnih obilježja i tipova zajednica: tradicionalnih, modernih/urbanih, pos tmodernih, virtualnih i hibridnih.The paper explores the concept of local community from a sociological perspective, beginning with Tönnies’ classic definition of community (German: Gemeinschaft) as a fundamental form of human social interaction. This definition helps clarify the distinguishing characteristics, roles, and functions of community in contrast to those of society (German: Gesellschaft). The primary objective is to examine the contemporary meaning of the term »local community,« identify its defining features, and assess whether it aligns more closely with the classical notion of community or represents a type of spatially connected individualism that mirrors the characteristics of society according to Tönnies’ typology. Initially, the paper presents an overview of the concept of community as understood in both classical and contemporary sociological frameworks, encompassing traditional rural communities as primary local communities and modern urban neighbourhoods. The concept of a parish as a parish community, encompassing characteristics of both traditional and contemporary local communities, is also considered. Particular attention is given to the characteristics of postmodern communities, which are defined by a sense of identity or belonging and often lack geographical connections. The subsequent section delves into virtual communities and investigates the influence of information technology on local community activities. In this context, social interactions manifest not only in the physical realm but also in virtual spaces, leading to the formation of hybrid communities. Finally, the paper concludes with a comparative framework outlining the essential features and types of communities: traditional, modern/urban, postmodern, virtual, and hybrid
Health and Disease Concepts Cannot Be Grounded in Social Justice Alone
Get PDFKukla (2014) has argued that we should abandon naturalistic and social constructivist considerations in attempts to define health due to their alleged failure to account for their normativity and instead define them purely in terms of ‘social justice.’ Here, I shall argue that such a purely normativist project is self-defeating, and hence, that health and disease cannot be grounded in social justice alone
Gross, M.; Mediavilla, C.; Walter, Virginia. A five steps of outcome-based planning and evaluation for youth services. Chicago: ALA Editions, 2022.
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The Study on the Prospects for Ship Chartering Market Virtualisation
Get PDFChartering brokers play an important role in the functioning of the maritime industry, providing the role of intermediaries in the search for ships and cargo. However, questions arise in the context of the possibility of virtualising this component of the freight market activity. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of implementing this opportunity, both in the world maritime freight market and in Ukraine. An analysis of trends in freight market virtualisation has been carried out, and the situation in the industry described based on statistical data. Within the framework of the study, the role of modern digital technologies in the freight market has been comprehensively investigated, showing that their use contributes towards the conclusion of contracts, obtaining information about the state of the market, and provides support during the implementation of the transaction, thereby allowing this market to increase its efficiency. It has also been also concluded that the prospect of its further digitalisation plays an important role at this stage of market development. The study has proposed two models: one is linked to a global platform that will include brokerage, logistics, and commercial functions to optimise the entire service lifecycle, while the other consists of many independent platforms that compete with each other, potentially connecting to e-commerce resources. However, it has been concluded that there are problems and difficulties for both models. In addition, it has been shown that modern technologies can provide a certain level of virtualisation of the freight market, but the question arises about the quality of their application. The results obtained in the framework of the study can be used to create effective approaches to virtualisation of the freight market in the future
Sustainable Maritime Literacy: Navigating Education for Eco-Conscious Professionals
Get PDFThis study at the Maritime Institute Jakarta deals with sustainable maritime literacy, exploring the perspectives of 70 cadets from Nautical, Technical, engineering and Port and shipping management courses. Adopting a qualitative, descriptive approach, the study examines the importance of maritime literacy, the feasibility of integrating sustainable infrastructures and the cadets' familiarity with the relevant concepts. The results indicate different perspectives in the individual study programmes, which calls for tailored educational strategies. The study identifies gaps in knowledge, promotes collaborative learning and emphasises the practical application of sustainability principles. Recommendations include curriculum improvements, interdisciplinary collaboration and partnerships with industry. The study contributes to reshaping maritime education, empowering professionals to navigate the seas competently while advocating for sustainability
Administrative Reforms in Bosnia and Herzegovina in Comparative Perspective: A Distinctive Case of Context in Motion
Get PDFThis paper illustrates and critically analyses administrative and public management
reforms in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) over the period from 1995 to
2020, thereby filling a gap in the literature on post-socialist transition in Europe,
which has largely missed this important case. Reforms in both the field of
personnel management and the field of financial management are considered.
Specifically, the features of the civil service system and management, the use
of HRM databases, recruitment, training and development, and remuneration
are analysed in relation to personnel management, and budgeting, accounting,
and auditing processes are examined in relation to financial management. The
BiH case of reform is investigated through the analytical-theoretical lens of the
“Pollitt and Bouckaert model”, a prominent and widely employed framework
developed by the late C. Pollitt and by G. Bouckaert. The P&B model provides
a lens through which to investigate the BiH case and make it amenable to
comparative analyses and discussion. At the same time, the uneasy way with
which the BiH case can be accommodated into the P&B model enables us to
revisit certain features of this very model, thus contributing also theoretically to
knowledge generation in the field
