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[[alternative]]一個歷史回顧
No full text[[abstract]]From a perspective of historical development and focused on the period from the Japanese Colonial era up to April of 2002, this article discusses state policies’ intervention in cultural development at different historical stages as well as other significant cultural developments albeit without the intervention of state regime. In addition, this paper analyzes the interactions between state’s culture policies and current Political, economic, and social developments. This research finds out that, in Taiwan, the underlying concepts of cultural policies led by the state regime focused primarily on political ideologies, education, leisure and recreation, etc. In the meantime, state’s cultural policies in the early era accentuate the purpose of political development while policies in the later era put emphasis on the overall economic development of the society. Nevertheless, cultural development used to be deemed as accessory to state’s political and economic development in the long past and there was no cultural development policy whatsoever for culture per se. As such, it leads to a serious issue that characters of current domestic culture identity are ambiguous. In order to give an in-depth analysis on the characteristics of the cultural policy development at the different stages of Taiwan, this article concludes with some issues and responses toward the historical development of the nation’s culture policies and provides some suggestions as advices for future policy formulation.
[[alternative]]At the Crossroads of Market, Public Policy and Civil Society [by Sophie Adam and Toby Johnson]?
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Comparison of Anxiety Levels and Physiological Indicators among Patients Undergoing Primary Total Knee Replacement by Different Preoperative Teaching Approaches?
No full text[[abstract]]Background: Although the role of the operation nurses in making preoperative patient visits has received significant attention recently, published studies have yet to establish the efficacy of this role. Purpose: This research studied the comparative effects of preoperative visits by ward and operation nurses on anxiety and physiological indicators in total-knee-replacement patients. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with purposive sampling that recruited 74 patients as control-group participants and 86 as experimental-group participants. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and physiological indicators including blood pressure, respiration rate, and pulse rate were applied. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to examine the effects of the preoperative patient visits. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in anxiety level or physiological indicators between participants in the two groups on the day immediately prior to their surgery. Postoperative anxiety in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group (p < .001). Moreover, the experimental group earned significantly better postoperative results in terms of respiration rate (p < .05), heart rate (p < .001), and blood pressure (p < .001). Conclusions / Implications for Practice: This study supports that total-knee replacement patients obtain better outcomes when given adequate perioperative information preoperatively by operation nurses than by ward nurses. Additional research designs should further examine other effects not covered by the present study such as cost, time, and length of hospital stay.
