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Thinking Allowed : Linguistic Landscapes-Based Projects for Higher-Order and Critical Thinking Skills
No full textThis chapter describes the design and integration of linguistic landscape (LL)-based projects in a secondary English as a foreign language course. Throughout the project, students were encouraged to learn about and become ethnographers while documenting their neighbourhoods' LL. The project was also designed to promote learners' critical thinking (CT) and higher order thinking skills (HOTS). In this chapter we identify and discuss which critical and higher order thinking skills students used to construct knowledge from their ethnographic work and final presen-tation of their findings. We adapt and apply definitions provided by Beyer (1985)for critical thinking skills and Lewis and Smith (1993) for higher order thinking skills to Silbey's (2021a, b) framework, which is based on Grounded Theory (Charmaz, 2007) to analyse students' selected output as well as their responses in post-project inter-views. Our analysis indicates that the LL project supported students' development of linguistic and intercultural sensitivity
Gene Therapy for Diabetes
No full textThe use of gene transfer technologies has allowed the development of potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, as well as the performance of proof-of-concept studies in small and large animal models to understand pathophysiology of these diseases better. Gene therapy is a therapeutic strategy based on genetic modification of a cell by introduction of exogenous genetic material to prevent, correct, or ameliorate the symptoms of a disease. The use of viral vectors exploits the natural ability of viruses to enter cells, transfer their genetic material to the nucleus, and express proteins. The immune system is a key component of the aetiopathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Future studies are required to demonstrate the efficacy and safety in large animal models of the approaches that have demonstrated promise in small animals before any of these gene therapies are brought to the clinic to treat diabetes in humans
Remote Sensing Data Normalization
No full textThe increasing access to remote sensing data from different platforms, acquired at different spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions, is continuously widening the scope of applications of these datasets. Parallel advancements in computational science and technology have led to the development of more sophisticated data processing and analysis tools. While early remote sensing studies focused on detecting a feature or phenomenon, the current practice is to conduct multitemporal studies and time series analyses based on multiple data sources, including optical, microwave, and thermal imagery. There are several calibration and normalization issues that need to be resolved before these more complex monitoring and change detection studies can be accomplished
Working with Young people : From Social Work to Social Pedagogy
No full textThe two professions that have been most clearly linked to Social Pedagogy are Social Education and Social Work. The former in some Nordic countries and southern Europe in particular, but also in Latin America, mainly due to the influence of Spanish Social Pedagogy (Kornbeck & Úcar, 2015). In central and western European countries, it has more traditionally been linked to Social Work. This means that there are countries where Social Pedagogy is viewed from the perspective of Social Work, others where it is viewed from the pedagogical and educational perspective, and still others where it falls within both perspectives (Úcar, 2011; Janer & Úcar, 2018). Social Pedagogy comprises both an academic and theoretical approach that is present in different professions depending on the individual country (Kornbeck, 2002; Kyriacou, Elligsen, Stephens & Sundaram, 2009; Kantowicz & Wilinska, 2009; Kornbeck & Rosendal, 2009)
Inventing a New Antiquity : the Reliquary-altar Depicting the Martyrdom of Saint Saturninus at Saint-Hilaire d'Aude
No full textAs has been noted by a number of scholars, the reliquary-altar depicting the martyrdom of Saint Saturninus at the abbey church of Saint-Hilaire d'Aude - generally attributed to the enigmatic Master of the Tympanum of Cabestany - is a puzzling and potentially deceptive 12th-century work of art. Superficially it resembles a Late-Antique sarcophagus, carved in the Roman manner on three faces, though the size of the internal cavity makes it clear that it is in fact a reliquary-altar. Furthermore, the style of its carvings is deliberately archaic and designed to emulate Early Christian sculpture. In short, the intention seems to have been to create a sort of counterfeit that might persuade an onlooker to view the altar as a genuine reused Late Antique sarcophagus. One can find similar instances of the imitation of Antiquity elsewhere in 12th-century Languedoc and Tuscany, in which the aim seems to have been to evoke a prestigious past. From a formal point of view, it has led scholars to propose a long and varied training for the Cabestany Master in Tuscany, Languedoc, and even Catalonia. However, certain iconographical details at Saint-Hilaire reveal something of the sources the artist used in carving the reliquary-altar and of the underlying intention behind its creation. This evidence points to a direct knowledge of Roman sculpture reused in 11th-and-12th-century Pisa, as Laura Bartolomé has pointed out. Furthermore, the Benedictine milieu of the abbey, the interests of the family of the Trencavel counts of Carcassonne and the emerging Albigensian conflict are the historical context for the making of this 'sarcophagus'. It will be concluded that the reliquary-altar acts as a type of manifesto, distancing the community for whom it was made from heresy, in an attempt reclaim the orthodoxy of the past and implicitly compare the troubling present to the age of St. Saturninus and St. Hilaire de Carcassonne
The Baldachin-Ciborium : The Shifting Meanings of a Restricted Liturgical Furnishing in Romanesque Art
No full textTo Romanesque viewers, a baldachin-ciborium over the high altar was a rare and distinguished element in the liturgical furnishing of a church. Beginning in Rome, where ciboria had been established since the 4th century, the ciborium featured as a prominent sign in basilicas ad corpus or in sanctuaries above reliquary crypts (Old St Peter's, Sta Maria in Cosmedin, Lateran Basilica, Sta Maria Maggiore). Its use was restricted even in Romanesque Italy. Examples from the 11th and 12th centuries - such as those of Montecassino, San Nicola in Bari, or in the Abruzzi - should been seen as echoing Papal Roman settings. Outside Italy, baldachin-ciboria over high altars are exceptional and seem to be restricted to places and institutions especially concerned to advertise their adherence to papal authority as a guarantor of their rights. Thus the baldachin at Old St Peters is the symbolic and ideological model for those at Cluny, Ripoll, Cuixà, and Santiago de Compostela. Notwithstanding all this, as with other forms of 'prototype' and 'copy' the evocation of a prestigious model does not imply a facsimile, and in some cases the choice of materials and figurative ornamentation enhanced old meanings and added new content. Thus, in 11th-century Catalonia ciboria were described as the 'sancta sanctorum' of the Temple of Jerusalem, and their pictorial programmes introduced themes that were subsequently incorporated into Romanesque mural and panel painting. In certain later examples, as represented by the mid-12th-century replacement for the canopy at Ripoll or the twin ciboria at San Juan del Duero in Soria (Castile), the significance of the baldachin-ciborium was updated either to reflect Eucharistic themes or to evoke the Holy Land and Christ's tomb in Jerusalem
The role of the Constitutional Court in Spanish industrial relation
No full textThe paper analyses the last cases brought to the Spanish Constitutional Court challenging the 2012 labour reform. The reform inverted the prevalence of collective agreements and limited the ordinary courts' decision on the fairness of collective dismissals. In its arguments, the Constitutional Court has reintroduced into the legal system the managerial prerogatives balanced to economic outcomes, resulting in the transformation of the constitutional protection from persons to economic interests