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前近代日本語の動詞「聞こゆ」――理解用法の意味拡張について
No full textpeer reviewedIn modern Japanese, the verb denotes involuntary auditory perception. However, until the 19th century, it also conveyed “comprehension,” equivalent to the modern verb . This study elucidates the mechanisms behind the emergence of three types of comprehension: auditory comprehension usage, general comprehension usage, and conviction usage. Results indicate that auditory comprehension arises from inferential interpretation of perceived stimuli, realized through the cognitive process of simulation in the 10th century. General comprehension developed in the 13th century via superschematization of inference, while conviction usage emerged in the 17th century through instantiation of general comprehension usage in a synecdochic relationship.On the Japanese Verb : Semantic Expansion of Comprehension Usag
An analysis of regional building stocks for material flow assessment
No full textpeer reviewedThis study develops a GIS-based framework to create a high-resolution building inventory for Wallonia, Belgium, addressing a critical data gap for regional material flow assessment. Key methodological innovations include the use of LiDAR to estimate building volume, a jointness analysis to supplement missing building typologies, and a spatial matching technique to identify demolished structures, collectively addressing common data scarcity issues. The resulting inventory identified 1.43 million residential buildings. The detected
trend in demolition activity aligns with official statistics, validating the methodology’s ability to capture meaningful stock dynamics at a regional scale. This work demonstrates that a spatially explicit inventory is a foundational and transferable tool for quantifying material stocks and determining construction and demolition volume, providing a critical evidence base for regional circular economy strategies
Entre contraintes institutionnelles et opportunités d’action en temps de crise : l’expérience des migrant.es sans-papiers à Liège pendant la pandémie de la Covid-19
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The Openscientometer: Reflections on game design and mechanics
No full textThis presentation shares some reflections on game design and mechanics for "The Openscientometer", a serious game mainly developed for ULiège Ph.D students in 2020. After the presentation, three different game sessions were moderated with groups of 8 people from different federal institutes and organizations. The objectives of these sessions were to gauge the Open Science knowledge of participants and to help them adopt some of the strategies or components of the game for their own purposes
Variants of Wythoff game with terminal positions or blocking maneuvers
No full textWe show how the software Walnut can be used to obtain concise proofs of results concerning variants of the famous Wythoff game, in which blocking maneuvers or terminal positions are added, as discussed respectively by Larsson (2011) and Komak et al. (2025). Our approach provides automatic proofs that both confirm and extend their results, and the same techniques apply to newly introduced variants as well. Then, using classic techniques, we obtain new recursive and morphic characterizations of Wythoff-type games where the set of terminal positions (x, y) satisfy x + y ≤ l. The use of Walnut in combinatorial game theory is relatively recent, and only a few examples have been explored so far. The Wythoff game, being directly connected to the Fibonacci numeration system, proves especially well suited to this kind of approach. It permits us to solve instances for fixed value of a parameter
Permafrost thaw drives iron and organic carbon release into soil pore water during palsa to degraded palsa transition
No full textpeer reviewedPermafrost degradation, driven by rising temperatures in high‐latitude regions, destabilizes previously sequestered soil organic carbon (OC), increasing greenhouse gas emissions and amplifying global warming. In these ecosystems, interactions with mineral surfaces and metal oxides, particularly iron (Fe), stabilize up to 80% of soil OC. This study investigates the mechanisms of Fe solubilization and OC release across a permafrost thaw gradient in Stordalen, Abisko, Sweden, including palsa, intermediate, and highly degraded permafrost stages. By integrating geophysical measurements—including relative elevation, thaw depth, soil water content, and soil temperature with redox potential and soil pore water chemistry, we identify the environmental conditions driving iron and organic carbon release into soil pore waters with permafrost degradation. Our results show that combining relative elevation, thaw depth, soil water content, soil pore water pH, and soil pore water conductivity with shifts in vegetation species enables very‐high‐resolution detection of permafrost degradation at submeter scales, distinguishing intact from degraded permafrost soils. We show that small‐scale changes in thaw depth and water content alter soil pH and redox conditions, driving the release of Fe and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and promoting the formation of Fe‐DOC complexes in soil pore water. The amount of exported Fe‐DOC complexes from thawed soils varies with the stage of permafrost degradation, and the fate of Fe‐DOC complexes is likely to evolve along the soil–stream continuum. This study highlights how environmental conditions upon thaw control the type of Fe‐DOC association in soil pore waters, a parameter to consider when quantifying what DOC is available for microbial and photo‐degradation in aquatic systems which are significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions across Arctic landscapes
Operating characteristics of nebulizers used for intraperitoneal aerosolized drug delivery
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