256488 research outputs found
Sort by
Pre-analytical analysis of blood metabolome stability: a prerequisite for its application in medical biology
No full textIntroduction :
La métabolomique permet d’analyser simultanément de nombreux métabolites dans un échantillon biologique. Son intégration en clinique exige cependant un contrôle strict des conditions de prélèvement et de conservation.
Méthode :
Des échantillons de sang de 4 patients ont été soumis à différentes conditions de température (4°C et 20°C) et de délais (0h, 4h, 24h) avant et après centrifugation. Les métabolites ont été analysés par RMN.
Résultats :
Des variations significatives du métabolome ont été observées en fonction du temps et de la température de conservation, tant pour le sang complet que pour le sérum.
Conclusion :
Le métabolome est sensible aux conditions pré-analytiques. Une standardisation rigoureuse est indispensable pour garantir la fiabilité des analyses cliniques en métabolomique. Une étude plus large, Stabolomics, sera lancée
Tracing antarctic surface mass balance since 1958: signal or artifact?
No full texteditorial reviewedThe reconstruction of Antarctic surface mass balance (SMB) is essential for understanding ice sheet dynamics and sea level rise, yet existing datasets are limited to the satellite era (1979-present) because little is known about the sea surface conditions (SSCs) before 1979. Using a new SSCs product derived from a particle filtering reconstruction of the southern climate before 1979 to constrain the regional atmospheric model MAR, we expand the known SMB time series up to 1958. The dataset has been evaluated against AWS and SMB measurement campaigns to ensure a good agreement throughout the simulation period, substantially better than when MAR is forced by ERA5 SSCs (HadISST2). We also investigate the influence of the sea ice extent drop on SMB observed between the 70s and the 80s, analogous to the one observed in 2016. This extended dataset offers improved insight into past ice sheet mass changes and highlights the importance of long-term SMB reconstructions for further understanding the role of the Antarctic ice sheet in Earth's climate system.PolarRE
Les dimensions géographiques et linguistiques de l'élection à la Chambre des représentants : des arrondissements électoraux à la circonscription fédérale ?
No full textpeer reviewedCette contribution s'inscrit dans un ouvrage d'hommage au professeur Hugues Dumont. Elle porte sur l'effet que le découpage électoral en circonscription peut avoir sur la représentation des gouvernés par les élus. En particulier, l'étude s'intéresse à l'évolution des règles de droit qui ont fondé la répartition géographique et linguistique des sièges de la Chambre des représentants. Elle s'achève par une réflexion prospective sur la circonscription fédérale, idée chère à Hugues Dumont, récipiendaire de l'ouvrage
Spatio-temporal variability of air temperature biases in regional climate models over the Greenland Ice Sheet
No full textpeer reviewedRegional climate models are fundamental tools in understanding and quantifying the contribution of the Greenland ice sheet to sea-level rise. We perform an extensive evaluation of the daily air temperature simulated by two regional climate models, MARv3.12 and RACMO2.3p2, and a global atmospheric reanalysis, ERA5, at 35 locations across the ice sheet over the period 1995 ´ 2020. We compare model results to weather station data from two climate networks, focusing on the spatial and temporal variability in mean biases. All three models perform well at low elevations (ă 1500 m a.s.l.) with a mean bias of 0.16˝C (MAR), 0.36˝C (RACMO), and 0.41˝C (ERA5), while warm biases (ą 1.70˝C) are found at high elevations (ą 1500 m a.s.l.). Temperature biases exhibit a strong seasonality, being more pronounced during winter and much smaller during summer ranging from 0.11˝C to 0.59˝C. No interannual variability is found in the biases of all three datasets. Daily variability within each month is captured well by both climate models and the reanalysis at most locations. Finally, all three models perform overall better in the ablation zone during summer, i.e., where and when considerable melt production occurs
Creative Texts, Translation Technology and Translator Corpora
No full textThis presentation aims to broadly present some of the uses, contexts and case studies around the deployment of translation technology in creative translation. Through the constant themes of using personal translator corpora and reappropriating technology for individual and creative uses, the talk will cover and illustrate actual applications and experimental customization of computer-assisted translation tools and machine translation systems, using both the literary field and video game works as concrete examples. To wrap up this conversation and open the discussion, I will also highlight the transversal concerns and risks associated with technology in these fields, which can be easily applied to the more recent yet very predictable rush towards AI
Radiotherapy department supported by an optimization algorithm for scheduling patient appointments.
No full textpeer reviewedPrompt administration of radiotherapy (RT) is one of the most effective treatments against cancer. Each day, the radiotherapy departments of large hospitals must plan numerous irradiation sessions, considering the availability of human and material resources, such as healthcare professionals and linear accelerators. With the increasing number of patients suffering from different types of cancers, manually establishing schedules following each patient's treatment protocols has become an extremely difficult and time-consuming task. We propose an optimization algorithm that automatically schedules and generates patient appointments. The model can rearrange fixed appointments to accommodate urgent cases, enabling hospitals to schedule appointments more efficiently. It respects the different treatment protocols and should increase staff and patient satisfaction. The optimization algorithm can be connected to a mobile application allowing patients to accept or refuse appointment changes for rescheduling radiotherapy treatments.9. Industry, innovation and infrastructur
A Game for the Crowds: Neutral Mode on!
No full textpeer reviewedVideo game localisation presents a medium often divorced from visual context and texts arranged based on technical criteria rather than a narrative flow, operating under a "double-blind process" (Bernal-Merino, 2013). The field's dynamic nature situates it at the intersection of technology, linguistics, and social progress, putting pressure on localisers to create an immersive experience while reflecting the developers’ intentions. As such, the increasing inclusion of non-binary characters in video games poses new challenges for localisers dealing with gendered languages that lack established non-binary pronouns. Current translation strategies involve the use of either “direct or indirect non-binary language” (López, 2021; Lardelli & Gromann, 2023), where the former employs neologisms and the latter eliminates all gendered words. The complexity of the task coupled with the well-known crunch times that tend to define the video game industry call for the creation of resources to support localisers and reduce their cognitive load.
Building upon All-inGMT (Rivas Ginel & Theroine, 2022), a specialised Neural Machine Translation (NMT) system for non-binary language in video game localisation, we aim to develop a second tool specialised in neutralisation techniques. Similarly to the Dodiom initiative (Eryiğit et al., 2023) and given the substantial data required to train these systems, crowdsourcing and gamification arise as key approaches to compile our corpus. First, crowdsourcing methodologies facilitate the generation of considerable scientific knowledge and integrate citizens into processes with significant societal implications. Second, the gamification of crowdsourcing initiatives has demonstrated high efficacy in sustaining participants’ engagement and motivation (Morschheuser et al., 2019).
In this presentation, we will introduce NB: Automata, a gamified crowdsourcing initiative revolving around indirect non-binary translation based on Dodiom (Eryiğit et al., 2023). Using telegram to send the competing teams sentences that need to be rephrased to avoid gender markers, the participants will play two roles: neutralisers and reviewers. As a result, we will obtain a ranking of the most idiomatic solutions that will constitute the dataset used to train All-inGMT+. The Fun4All conference will provide the ideal opportunity to launch our gamified corpus project officially
Observation de l’enseignement de l’activité collaborative de la conception architecturale : Défis d’analyse et de visualisation d’une approche environnementale.
No full textpeer reviewedL'enseignement de la conception architecturale s'inscrit dans un contexte de plus en plus complexe où la collaboration interdisciplinaire et l'intégration des défis environnementaux deviennent des impératifs incontournables. La compréhension de l'activité collaborative constitue ainsi un enjeu majeur pour les institutions académiques souhaitant préparer leurs futures générations de concepteurs à répondre aux défis contemporains.
Cet article propose de comprendre la complexité de l’activité collaborative dans un contexte pédagogique, à travers une observation menée au sein d’un programme de master en génie civil et architecture à l’[Université Anonyme] en étudiant les interactions entre étudiants et enseignants. Il met en lumière les défis méthodologiques liés à l’observation, l’analyse et la visualisation des dynamiques de conception intégrée, en intégrant les enjeux environnementaux.
Enfin, nous proposons des pistes pour explorer encore les modalités d’observation et d’analyse de l’enseignement de l’activité collaborative de conception architecturale