256488 research outputs found
Sort by
Editorial: Reviews in ethnopharmacology: 2023
No full textpeer reviewedEditorial on the Research Topic Reviews in Ethnopharmacology: 2023 Since centuries, natural products have long been used for the treatment and management of various diseases and disorders (Dubey and Singla, 2019; Singla et al., 2019a; Singla et al., 2023b). Natural products have been the goldmine of bioactive compounds that hold great significance clinically (Singla et al., 2019b; Wang et al., 2024). Considering the strong role of natural products in the field of drug discover, we have proposed the Research Topic "Reviews in Ethnopharmacology: 2023" in order to collate the literature in the field of ethnopharmacology. We have received a total of 65 manuscripts, out of which, 30 manuscripts have been successfully published in our Research Topic. A total of 232 authors have contributed in this Research Topic. This Research Topic has garnered significant attention from the readers and viewers, with 83K topic views, 56K article views, and 24K article downloads, as on 5th March, 2025. The study of Wang et al. proposed the combination therapy of Rehmannia glutinosa DC. and Lilium lancifolium Thunb. for the treatment and management of depression. This combination is also associated with the traditional Chinese medicine, Baihe Dihuang Decoction. Bioactive compounds from this combination reported to inhibit serotonin or 5hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) reuptake in various nerve endings and cell bodies, along with modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),Tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), Neurotrophin P75 receptor (P75NRT), Phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ), Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), Raf kinase (Raf), and other targeted genes for depression as described in this article. Orozco-Barocio et al. focused on the cancer prevention and treatment using phytochemicals derived from medicinal plants belonging to Cactaceae family. Opuntia genera is the most significant genera of this family. This article tends to give an overview on various genera of Cactaceae family and their therapeutic potential especially in relation to cancer. Rahman et al. focused on the bioactive metabolites derived from soybean and discussed their medicinal and pharmaceutical properties in their study. Among the valuable metabolites they have highlighted were genistein, phytic acid, dietary fibers, conjugated linoleic acid, pinitol
Silver Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial Agents in Veterinary Medicine: Current Applications and Future Perspectives
No full textpeer reviewedSilver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained significant attention in veterinary medicine due to their antimicrobial properties and potential therapeutic applications. Silver has long been recognized for its ability to combat a wide range of pathogens, and when engineered at the nanoscale, silver’s surface area and reactivity are greatly enhanced, making it highly effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This narrative review aimed to summarize the evidence on the antimicrobial properties of AgNPs and their current and potential clinical applications in veterinary medicine. The antimicrobial action of AgNPs involves several mechanisms, including, among others, the release of silver ions, disruption of cell membranes and envelopes, induction of oxidative stress, inhibition of pathogens’ replication, and DNA damage. Their size, shape, surface charge, and concentration influence their efficacy against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. As a result, the use of AgNPs has been explored in animals for infection prevention and treatment in some areas, such as wound care, coating of surgical implants, animal reproduction, and airway infections. They have also shown promise in preventing biofilm formation, a major challenge in treating chronic bacterial infections. Additionally, AgNPs have been studied for their potential use in animal feed as a supplement to enhance animal health and growth. Research suggested that AgNPs could stimulate immune responses and improve the gut microbiota of livestock, potentially reducing the need for antibiotics in animal husbandry. Despite their promising applications, further research is necessary to fully understand the safety, efficacy, and long-term effects of AgNPs on animals, humans, and the environment
Determination and Characterization of (Novel) Circulating Strains of Brucella sp. Within the National Bovine Brucellosis Control Program in Ecuador.
No full textpeer reviewedBrucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the Brucella species. This infectious disease represents a significant public health and economic challenge in many regions of the world, including Ecuador. Brucella abortus is the most common species in cattle. Transmission mainly occurs through direct contact with secretions, aborted fetuses, or contaminated reproductive fluids. In this study, to evaluate the circulating strains of Brucella in continental Ecuador, Brucella strains were cultured and isolated from retromammary lymph nodes and milk samples collected over the past three years from six Ecuadorian provinces within the National Brucellosis Program of Ecuador. Brucella cultures were performed on two specific media, CITA and Farrell, followed by molecular identification using PCR and multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis 16 (MLVA-16) diagnostic techniques. Out of a total of 25 retromammary lymph nodes collected at slaughterhouses and 50 milk samples obtained from serologically positive animals on farms, Brucella was isolated from 35 milk samples and 19 retromammary lymph node samples and identified as Brucella abortus by PCR. Subsequent MLVA-16 genotyping enabled accurate discrimination among the Brucella strains present in Ecuador. This study confirmed the presence of Brucella abortus strains of biovars 1 and 4 and, for the first time, detected the presence of biovar 2 in Ecuador. The isolation and accurate detection of Brucella, along with the implementation of advanced genotyping techniques, such as MLVA, are crucial for future epidemiological studies, outbreak tracing, and the development of control strategies to mitigate animal and human infection in Ecuador
Biosecurity Risk Factors and Predictive Index for Hepatitis E Virus Serological Status in Belgian Pig Farms: Conventional and Free-Range Systems.
No full textpeer reviewedHepatitis E viruses (HEV) cause hepatitis E in humans. In industrialized countries, sporadic HEV infections, typically caused by HEV genotypes 3 or 4, can become chronic and progress to liver cirrhosis in immunocompromised individuals. Pigs are a significant animal reservoir, implicating raw or undercooked pork products as potential sources of human infection. To better understand HEV dissemination in the Belgian pig population, potential risk factors were investigated by linking farm-level HEV serological status to biosecurity questionnaire data. Farrow-to-finish herd type, free-range systems, and poor boot hygiene were significantly associated with higher within-herd prevalences. This enabled an initial risk profiling of various farming types and the development of predictions for all Belgian pig farms. When combined with the census of the Belgian wild boar population, the predicted HEV status of all professional Belgian pig farms (based on these associations) does not suggest that the proximity of wild boars is a main source of HEV in free-ranging herds. Identifying risk factors for increased circulation of HEV between and within pig farms is critical to controlling its spread and reducing human infection
Seasonal allocation of dry matter and nitrogen in Th. intermedium across stand ages
No full textpeer reviewedNAPERDI
Modélisation des espaces collaboratifs augmentés en conception
No full textpeer reviewedDans un contexte où la conception collaborative devient essentielle pour l’innovation, la résolution de problèmes complexes et l’optimisation des processus de travail, la gestion des interactions entre concepteurs et l’organisation des espaces de travail augmentés par le numérique représentent des enjeux cruciaux. Cet article explore l’impact de ces environnements hybrides sur l’activité de conception collaborative, en s’intéressant plus particulièrement aux interactions synchrones et à l’usage des outils numériques. À travers une méthodologie d’observation de situations réelles et une analyse multimodale, il propose l’élaboration d’une ontologie de l’activité en espace augmenté, structurée autour de trois dimensions clés : les modalités de travail, l’espace et les échanges. En mobilisant des protocoles d’observation adaptés à la complexité et à l’imprévisibilité des interactions, cette recherche contribue à la modélisation de l’activité collaborative, en identifiant les leviers et contraintes qui la structurent. Elle ouvre ainsi des perspectives pour une meilleure visualisation des dynamiques collectives et pour l’optimisation des espaces et outils de collaboration
Modalités et conséquences de l’adaptation d’un même texte magique sur différents papyrus : le cas des versions turinoises de P. Chester Beatty IX, vº, B1-B18
No full texteditorial reviewedSeveral versions of the P. Chester Beatty IX verso magical texts are preserved in the
collection of the Museo Egizio, Turin. Those documents were written by several scribes and
using various formats. Based on the comparative material and paleographical study of those
papyri, this paper aims to question their status in the written production from Deir el-Medina
and beyond. A set of objective criteria to distinguish a handbook version from a true amuletic papyrus is discussed. The purpose of the paper is also to showcase, using this particular study case, that a same text on the same material support can follow the specific features corresponding to various graphical registers
In-silico assessment of longer measurement intervals in glycaemic control to match clinical practice.
No full textpeer reviewedBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: STAR is a patient-specific glycaemic control (GC) framework accounting for both inter- and intra- patient variability to modulate insulin and nutrition in ICU patients. While providing safe, effective control to all patient, the workload induced by STAR represents a clinical burden in some ICUs. This study aims at extending the treatment interval of STAR from 1-3 hourly to 1-6 hourly to reduce the workload associated with STAR and assessing the impact on GC outcomes using virtual trials.
METHODS: Retrospective data form 606 patients are used to create virtual patients. Insulin sensitivity is identified for each patient using a physiological model and used to build and validate the new stochastic models to provide up to 6-hourly predictions using five-fold cross-validation. Virtual trials are performed and safety, performance, nutrition intake and workload are compared and analysed.
RESULTS: The extended STAR protocol 1-6 hourly measurement interval still provided high control safety and efficacy. Results showed slightly reduced %BG within the safe target band 4.4-8.0 mmol/L (from 83.8 to 81.4 %) as the measurement interval increased. It also resulted in an increased risk of hyper- (from 14.5 to 16.9 %BG > 8.0 mmol/L) and severe hypo- (from 0.03 to 0.05 %BG < 2.2 mmol/L) glycaemia. Insulin and nutrition rates decreased (from 3.5 [2.0 5.0] to 2.5 [1.7 3.0] U/h and from 100 [85 100] to 89 [71 100] % goal feed (GF) respectively). The workload was significantly reduced from 12 to 8 measurements per day.
CONCLUSIONS: The workload was successfully reduced by extending the measurement interval, approaching clinical practice. High performance and safety are achieved. However, the results also highlight a clear risk and reward trade-off in glycaemic control with the increased risk of hyper- and hypo- glycaemia and the reduced nutrition rates. Choosing an intermediate measurement interval could be an interesting solution. Clinical trials should be conducted to further confirm those results and consider the adoption of longer treatment intervals in STAR GC framework
Predicting CO Cameron‐Band Auroral Emission at Venus Using VEx Electron Observations
No full textpeer reviewedAbstractVarious types of auroral emissions have been observed at (partially) magnetized planets (e.g., Earth, Jupiter, and Mars). Auroral emissions have also been observed at Venus, an unmagnetized planet, by the Pioneer Venus Orbiter (PVO) and ground‐based telescopes. By applying a linear relation, this study predicts the possible CO Cameron‐band emission brightness at Venus using electron observations from Venus Express (VEx). Our results suggest that to produce the PVO observations, electron acceleration is not required as in the case of discrete aurorae at magnetized planets; rather, the magnetic access of precipitating electrons to the lower atmosphere is the more limiting factor for auroral occurrence. This study helps better understand how aurorae can occur at an unmagnetized planet, in contrast to magnetized planets. It also has implications for future Venus mission design: auroral imaging can serve as a remote sensing tool to characterize the magnetization state of the Venus nightside atmosphere
Buttermilk as a Potential Wall Material for Delivering Algal Oil: an In Vitro and In Vivo Study
No full textpeer reviewedThe buttermilk was selected as a wall material to deliver the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in this current research, including algal oil encapsulating with pure buttermilk (BMO) and its mixture (buttermilk and maltodextrin (BMMO)). The results showed that the particle growth rate of BMO and BMMO was slower than that of commercial algal oil powders (CMOs) during simulated digestion in vitro. Moreover, in the Morris water maze experiment, the mice in BMO and BMMO groups took less time to find the platform compared to that in CMO group, and their DHA content in the brain was significantly higher. The immunoglobulin detection revealed that feeding BMO and BMMO could improve the immune function of rats. Therefore, buttermilk will be a potential wall material which are able to improve the digestion characteristics of algal oil and the DHA bioavailability, and these results also promote the value-added utilization of by-products in the dairy industry