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Physiology, yield, and nutritional contribution of Indian Hemp (Cannabis sativa L) grown under different fertilizer types and environment
Get PDFAbstracts in English, Northern Sotho and TsongaThe first three Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 1, 2 and 3) set by the United Nations focus on ending poverty, promoting good agriculture to eradicate malnutrition, and ensuring good health and well-being, respectively. Humans have traditionally used Cannabis sativa L. for a variety of uses, including medicine and as a raw ingredient for goods with added value including drinks, cakes, cookies, and oil. In 2020, the Constitutional Court of South Africa ruled that laws prohibiting cultivation and consumption of Cannabis in private were unconstitutional. In addition, the South African government suggested that the country's Cannabis production, including its cultivation, processing, and commercialization, could provide billions in revenue annually, and could lead to about 10 000 to 25 000 employment opportunities in the industry. The legalisation of Cannabis has generated interest in Cannabis farming, which has associated challenges regarding the production of high-quality plant material because currently there is insufficient scientifically validated cultivation protocols, particularly in respect to the South African climate. Thus, the goals of the study were to find out how different fertilizer types and growing conditions (in the open or under shade netting) affected the yield and biochemical components of Cannabis sativa L. in order to help growers produce high-quality Cannabis sativa crops for commercialisation. Fresh and freeze-dried plant Cannabis bud samples were used to measure yield and biochemical constituents. Treatment combinations of plant growth under shade netting and the addition of chemical fertilizer resulted in superior Cannabis bud water content (40.2 g) and total phenols (14.7 GAE/100 g DW) compared to other treatments. Therefore, growers should consider the shade netting and chemical fertilizer combination for yield and quality maximisationMaikemisetso a Mokgatlo wa Dinagakopano tsa Lefase go Leano la Tlhabollo la go ya go ile (SDG 1, 2 le 3) ke go fedisa bodidi, phepompe le go kaonafatsa tsa maphelo le boiketlo. Go tloga kgale batho ba somisa Cannabis sativa L. (Patse) bjalo ka sehlare, go dira dino, dikhekhe, dikuku le makhura. Ka 2020 Kgorotsheko ya Molaotheo ya Afrika Borwa e file kahlolo ya gore ga go molaong go thibela tshomiso ya phoraebete ya cannabis. Go tlaleletsa se, mmuso wa Afrika Borwa o laeditse gore go tsweletsa Cannabis ka nageng, go akaretswa go e bjala, tshomiso le thekiso ya yona go ka tsentsha letseno la dibilione ngwaga ka ngwaga, gomme se se ka hlola mesomo ye e balelwago go 10 000 go fihla go 25 000 ka intastering. Se se hlotse kgahlego ye kgolo go bolemi le tsweletso ya Cannabis. Nyakisiso ye e utullotse gore go hloka mokgwa wo o netefaditswego wa saense wa go bjala Cannabis go amile khwalithi ya dibjalo tseo di tsweleditswego ka lebaka la maemo a boso ka Afrika Borwa. Maikemisetso a nyakisiso ke go sekaseka ka moo mehuta ye e fapanego ya menontsha e ka somiswago le dikarolwana tsa payokhemikhale go Cannabis sativa mafelong a go fapana (mo go nago le nete le mo go se nago nete), go thusa balemi go tsweletsa dibjalwa tsa Cannabis sativa tsa khwalithi ya godimo tseo di ka rekiswago. Nyakisiso e somisitse disampole tse di omisitswego le tse tala go lekanyetsa puno le dikarolwana tsa payokhemikhale. Dikutullo tsa nyakisiso di laeditse gore mo go somisitswego nete le monontsha wa dikhemikhale go hlogile mahlogedi a go ba le monola kudu (40.2g) le difenolo (14.7 GAE/100g DW) ge di bapetswa le mekgwa ye mengwe. Ka gona, nyakisiso e fa tshisinyo ya gore balemi ba somise nete le monontsha wa dikhemikhale go tsweletsa dibjalo tsa khwalithi ka bontsiKu hava vusweti, ku herisiwa ka ku pfumaleka ka swakudya, rihanyu lerinene na vuhlayiseki i swin'wana swa swikongomelokulu leswi vekiweke hi Nhlangano wa Matiko hi ku tirhisa Swikongomelo swa wona swa Nhluvukiso wa Nkarhi Woleha (SDG 1, 2 na 3). Vanhu hi ndzhavuko a va tirhisa Cannabis sativa L. eka mitirhiso yo hambanahambana, ku katsa tanihi murhi na tanihi xichelana ximbisi eka nhundzu leyi nga na nkoka lowu engetelekeke ku katsa swo nwa, makhekhe, makukisi, na oyili. Hi 2020, Khoto ya Vumbiwa yi bohile leswaku milawu leyi yirisaka ku byala na ku tirhisiwa ka khanabisi exihundleni a yi lwisana na vumbiwa. Hi ku tlhandlekela, mfumo wa Afrika Dzonga wu tlhele wu kumbetela leswaku vuhumelerisi bya khanabisi bya tiko , ku katsa ku byariwa ka yona, ku purosesiwa, na ku xavisiwa swi nga nyika mabiliyoni ya mali leyi nghenaka lembe na lembe, naswona swi nga yisa eka kwolomu ka swivandlanene swa mitirho yo ringana 10 000 ku ya fika eka 25 000 eka vumaki. Leswi swi endlile leswaku ku va na ku tsakela swinene eka ku rima khanabisi, leswi vangeke mitlhontlho eka ku humesa matheriyali ya xiyimo xa le henhla ya swimilana hikuva sweswi ku hava milawu yo byala leyi ringaneleke leyi tiyisisiweke hi sayense, ngopfungopfu ehansi ka tlimeti ya Afrika Dzonga. Hikwalaho, xikongomelo xa dyondzo a ku ri ku lavisisa mbuyelo lowu hlanganisiweke wa tinxaka to hambana ta manyoro, swiphemu swa bayokhemikali swa khanabisi sativa ehansi ka tindhawu to hambanahambana to byala (nete ya ndzhuti na ndhawu leyi pfulekeke), leswaku nxopanxopo wo fananisa wu ta kota ku endliwa ku pfuna vabyari ku humesa swimila swa xiyimo xa le henhla swa Khanabisi sativa hi xikongomelo xo xavisa. Tisampulu ta furexe na leti omisiweke hi ku firiziwa ti tirhisiwile ku pima mbuyelo xikan'we na swiphemu swa bayokhemikali. Nhlanganiso wa maendlelo ya nete wa ndzhuti na manyoro lama nga na tikhemikali wu endlile leswaku ku va na mati ya le henhla ya ximila (40.2g) na nhlayo ya tifenolo (14.7 GAE/100g DW) loko ku fananisiwa na maendlelo man'wana. Hikwalaho, vabyari va fanele va tekela enhlokweni nhlangano wo endla ndzhuti/wo sirhelela na manyoro ya khemikali ku kuma mbuyelo na ku kurisa khwalitiM. Sc. (Horticulture)Environmental Science
Constraints on simplified dark matter models involving an s-channel mediator with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV
No full textAbstract This paper reports a summary of searches for a fermionic dark matter candidate in the context of theoretical models characterised by a mediator particle exchange in the s-channel. The data sample considered consists of pp collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider during its Run 2 at a centre-of-mass energy of s = 13 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector, corresponding to up to 140 fb - 1 . The interpretations of the results are based on simplified models where the new mediator particles can be spin-0, with scalar or pseudo-scalar couplings to fermions, or spin-1, with vector or axial-vector couplings to fermions. Exclusion limits are obtained from various searches characterised by final states with resonant production of Standard Model particles, or production of Standard Model particles in association with large missing transverse momentum
Bullying Malady in a learning context : Developing intervention guidelines for social work practice
No full textText in EnglishBullying is fundamentally the most common form of violence among peers during the
school years. Perpetrators often display aggressive behavior towards their victims.
Globally, bullying is seen as a complex social problem that can have serious
consequences for the victims, including mental health issues and negative effects on
schoolwork and family relationships. Bullying can take not only physical but also
technological forms, with learners being bullied through social media platforms like
Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter.
The aim of the study was to understand the role of social workers in a learning context
and the impact of social workers on bullying with the objectives to explore and describe
the issue of bullying in a learning context and develop guidelines for intervention in social
work practice. This study was qualitative in nature, and the following designs were
considered: exploratory, descriptive, and contextual strategies. Interpretivism was also
used. Non-probability purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods were
employed to select participants. Data was collected through semi-structured face-to-face
interviews with school-linked social workers, using an interview guide. Prior to data
collection, the researcher obtained participants' consent to participate in the study and to
have the interviews audio-recorded.
Thematic content analysis was used to make sense of the collected data. Two theoretical
frameworks were utilized: ecological social work theory and the strengths-based
perspective. The researcher adhered to ethical requirements, including obtaining
informed consent, ensuring anonymity and confidentiality, avoiding harm, debriefing
participants, and managing data. The study found that bullying has social, emotional and
academic effects on learners and further found that recruitment of social workers in
schools is key in ending bullying in schools. It concludes that preventatives or proactive
programs are important in dealing with bullying. The study recommends that bullying
should be made a standing program with resources to be effective.PhD. (Social Work)Social Wor
Megacostalism, socialising, and prosperity gospel in the South African context
No full textThere is a rising phenomenon of mega Pentecostal churches in South Africa and elsewhere on
the continent of Africa, which is conceptualised here as mega-costalism. The phenomenon
refers to churches with mega-church buildings that can attract large crowds in church
attendance. Previous studies have focused on the prosperity gospel and the socialising aspect
of membership in mega Pentecostal churches. This literature review on the mega Pentecostal
churches has some economic, sociological, and theological implications. Economically, the
larger the church is the more income in tithes and offerings can be received. Sociologically, the
church creates an opportunity for the sharing of common interests, socialising, and interaction
of the church members with one another. However, theologically (particularly in the discipline
of missiology), there is a need to research how megachurches can orientate their members on
discipleship-making, with some implications for fulfilling the mission of God. To fill this gap,
this article uses missional ecclesial imagination as a theoretical framework, to argue that the
primary purpose of the church goes beyond the aspect of socialising among members and a
prosperity gospel, towards the fulfilment of the mission of God. Therefore, the missional
ecclesial imagination is relevant for the orientation of megachurches towards the mission of
God. Data were collected by reviewing the literature on the mega Pentecostal churches in
Africa, the missional ecclesial imagination, the prosperity gospel, and the socialising among
church members.Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiolog
Analysing patterns of geographic distributions of Healthcare Services alongside accessibility in Sekhukhune District Municipality, a GIS case study
Get PDFAccess to healthcare is a complex and multifaceted issue that is exacerbated by geographic disparities, scarce healthcare resources, and topographical challenges. People make use of clinics as the primary entry point into the healthcare system and access to high-quality and affordable care is critical to their physical, social, and mental well-being. As opposed to their metropolitan counterparts, rural populations face additional barriers to accessing clinics. However, although access to clinics in rural areas continues to be a major issue, few studies have looked at the frequency of associations between the geographic distribution patterns of clinics and accessibility in mountainous regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accessibility of clinics in the Sekhukhune District Municipal Area (SDMA), Limpopo province, South Africa which is largely characterized by its mountainous terrain. The survey used to collect the data for the quantitative research approach involved interviews with 400 public clinic users above the age of 18 who completed the self-administered questionnaires distributed to them. ArcMap and Flowmap software’s were then used to perform spatial analyses on the data thus obtained to determine the level of healthcare accessibility in this municipal area. The findings of this research revealed that the geographical distribution of clinics, travel distance, and unreliable public transportation are major contributors to the lack of access to care and that equity in this respect is still a major issue. In fact, the prevailing spatial distribution of clinics could not provide the population with equitable healthcare services. Based on the 10km travel distance and the 10 000-population requirement to warrant a clinic, more than half of the 1,076,840 persons, that is 573,946, were not assigned to any clinic. Thus, the study recommends that additional healthcare clinics be constructed to reduce travel distances and relieve the load on the existing clinics to promote
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equitable access and to boost community health and well-being. Based on the findings of this study it is recommended that the Department of Health should employ geographic Information System (GIS) technology to determine the centricity of the population and to promote its welfare in the health domain by monitoring and responding to its wide range of healthcare needs. Apart from serving in this respect, The Department of Health should also collaborate with the community leaders and other stakeholders to address healthcare needs.Geograph
Social and relationship capital effect on the value of firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange ? An integrated reporting approach
No full textMeasuring and reporting the impact of Social and Relationship Capital (SRC) on firm value has continued to evade practitioners and academics alike. Integrated Reporting (IR) was expected to usher a new era where value added by non-financial capitals could be measured. However, the IR framework fell short of providing a holistic solution as it lacked a measurement tool that could be used by IR report preparers, analysts and other users of corporate reports. SRC is one of the five non-financial capitals identified in the IR framework (IIRC, 2013, 2021). This study, focusing on SRC, offers a measurement solution through the use a regression model. Adopting the stakeholder theory lens, this study decomposed SRC into six stakeholder proxies that were used in the regression model. Customers, Lenders and Shareholders showed positive statistically significant associations to market share price while Employees demonstrated a weak relationship. Government indicated a negative relationship to the same dependant variable.Graduate School of Business Leadershi
Combating copper theft as an organised and critical infrastructure crime in South Africa : a legal comparative study
No full textAbstarct in English, IsiZulu and SepediThis study investigates copper cable theft as an organised and infrastructure crime in South Africa by means of a comparative approach. The main objective is to evaluate the adequacy and effectiveness of the legal framework combating copper theft as an organised and critical infrastructure crime in the country. The crime of copper cable theft as an organised crime relating to infrastructure is investigated in this study from a conceptual approach by analysing and assessing international and regional perspectives on non-ferrous metal theft as well as foreign perspectives from countries impacted by copper theft crimes such as the US, the UK, and Zimbabwe. The research concedes that although common-law crimes, statutes, and transitional legislation can be utilised to challenge certain elements of organised copper theft and critical infrastructure offences, these laws are not comprehensive enough to amply deal with the crime’s complexities and provide only a fragmented approach to combating the crime. The study finds that copper cable theft as an organised and infrastructure crime has national, regional, and international dimensions. To effectively deal with this scourge, the crime must be regarded from these particular perspectives. The study recommends that a national integrated strategy be developed to specifically deal with copper cable theft. This strategy must include best international practices from selected jurisdictions as regards instructive law enforcement and legislative responses to copper cable theft. In this regard, specific recommendations include the promotion of the 4Ps framework, the adoption of the national copper theft online register, ongoing education, training, and specialisation on matters of copper cable theft, and long-term multi-disciplinary approaches to combat copper cable theft, amongst others. It is believed that the full implementation of these recommendations would go a long way in effectively combating copper cable theft as an organised and critical infrastructure crime in South Africa.Lolu cwaningo lusungulelwe ukuphenya kabanzi kusetshenziswa uhlelo lokuqhathanisa ubugebengu obuhleliwe bokwebiwa kwamakhebuli ekhopha yengqalasizinda eNingizimu Afrika. Inhloso enkulu yalokhu ukuhlola ukufaneleka nokusebenza kahle kohlaka lwezomthetho olulwisana nobugebengu obuhleliwe bokwebiwa kwamakhebuli ekhopha yengqalasizinda ezweni. Lolu cwaningo lusebenzise indlela yesimo sokucabangela ngokuthi kuhlaziywe futhi kuhlolwe ubugebengu obuhleliwe bokwebiwa kwamakhebuli ekhopha yengqalasizinda ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe nangokwesifunda kanye nangokwebiwa kwensimbi ethambile kanjalo nemibono yangaphandle yamazwe anjenge-US, UK, ne-Zimbabwe nabo abathintekayo ngalobu bugebengu. Ucwaningo luyavumelana nokuthi nakuba isetshenziswa imithetho yobugebengu obujwayelekile, izimiso, kanye nemithetho yesikhashana ukuze kuliwe nezimo ezithile zokwebiwa kwekhopha ngokuhleliwe kanye namacala abucayi ngaphansi kwengqalasizinda, kodwa le mithetho ayanele ekubhekaneni nobugebengu obunqala futhi ibhekelela uhlelo oluthile kuphela lokulwa nobugebengu. Lolu cwaningo luthole ukuthi ihlukene iminxa yobugebengu obuhleliwe bokwebiwa kwamakhebuli ekhopha yengqalasizinda kuzwelonke, ngokwesifunda, kanye nangamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuze kunqotshwe lesi sihlava, kumele kubhekwane nalobu bugebengu ngalezi zindlela. Ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi kusungulwe amasu okusebenza adidiyele kuzwelonke ukuze kubhekwana ngqo nokwebiwa kwamakhebuli ekhopha. Lawa masu kufanele abandakanye izindlela ezincomekayo zokusebenza zamazwe ngamazwe ezizotonyulwa emiyalelweni ethile yemithethonqubo nemithetho ephoqelekile ukuze kunqandwe ukwebiwa kwamakhebuli ekhopha. Ngalokhu-ke, iziphakamiso kumele zifaka phakathi nokugqugquzelwa kohlaka lwama-4Ps, ukwamukelwa kwerejista lazwelonke lokubhaliswa kokwebiwa kwekhopha elitholakala ku-inthanethi, ukufundisa okuqhubekayo, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nokuhlinzekwa ngolwazi olukhethekile mayelana nokwebiwa kwamakhebuli ekhopha, ngokunjalo nezinhlelo zesikhathi eside zokuqondiswa kobugwegwe kulabo abeba amakhebuli ekhopha. Kunenkolelo yokuthi ukuqaliswa kokusebenza ngokugcwele kwalezi ziphakamiso kungasiza kakhulu ekulwisaneni nobugebengu
obuhleliwe bokwebiwa kwamakhebuli ekhopha yengqalasizinda ebucayi eNingizimu Afrika.Nyakisiso ye e nyakisisa bohodu bja mananeokgoparara le dithapo tsa koporo bjalo ka bosenyi bjo bo rulagantswego ka Afrika Borwa ka mokgwa wa papetso. Maikemisetsomagolo ke go sekaseka bokgoni le mohola wa foreimiweke ya semolao ya go lwantsha bohodu bja koporo bjalo ka bosenyi bjo bo rulagantswego bja mananeokgoparara a motheo. Bosenyi bja bohodu bja dithapo tsa koporo bjalo ka bosenyi bjo bo rulagantswego bja go amana le mananeokgoparara bo a nyakisiswa mo nyakisisong ye go tswa go mokgwa wa kgopolo ka go sekaseka le go asesa dipono tsa boditshabatshaba le tsa selete ka ga bohodu bja methale wo e sego wa tshipi gammogo le dipono tsa dinaga tsa ka ntle go tswa dinageng tseo di amilwego ke bosenyi bja bohodu bja koporo bjalo ka US, UK, le Zimbabwe. Nyakisiso e dumela gore le ge bosenyi bja molao wo o tlwaelegilego, melao le molao wa phetogo di ka somiswa go hlohla dikarolo tse itsego tsa bohodu bjo bo rulagantswego bja koporo le melato ya mananeokgoparara a motheo, melao ye ga se ya akaretsa ka mo go lekanego go sogana ka mo go lekanego le go raragana ga bosenyi le go fa fela mokgwa wo o aroganego go ya go twantsho ya bosenyi. Nyakisiso e hwetsa gore bohodu bja dithapo tsa koporo bjalo ka bosenyi bja mananeokgoaparara bjo bo rulagantswego bo na le dikarolo tsa setshaba, tsa selete le tsa boditshabatshaba. Go sogana le leuba le ka tshwanelo, bosenyi bo swanetse go amantshwa le dipono tse tse itsego. Nyakisiso e sisinya gore leano la bosetshaba leo le kopantswego le hlabollwe gore le sogane thwii le bohodu bja dithapo tsa koporo. Leano le le swanetse go akaretsa mekgwa ye mekaone ya boditshabatshaba go tswa dinageng tse di kgethilwego mabapi le phethagatso ya molao ye e rutago le dikarabelo tsa molao go bohodu bja dithapo tsa koporo. Mabapi le se, ditshisinyo tse di itsego di akaretsa tswetsopele ya foreimiweke ya di4P, kamogelo ya retsisetara ya onelaene ya bosetshaba ya bohodu bja koporo, thuto ye e tswelago pele, tlhahlo, le kgahlego ditabeng tsa bohodu bja dithapo tsa koporo, le mekgwa ya nako ye telele ya makalantsi go lwantsha bohodu bja dithapo tsa koporo, gare ga tse dingwe. Go dumelwa gore phethagatso ka botlalo ya ditshisinyo tse e tla thusa kudu go lwantsha ka tshwanelo bohodu bja dithapo tsa koporo bjalo ka bosenyi bja mananeokgoparara a motheo bjo bo rulagantswego ka Afrika Borwa.L.L.D. (Criminal and Procedural Law)College of La
An analysis of the use of modus operandi as an identification technique in the investigation of cash-in-transit robberies in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Get PDFThe main aim of this study was to analyse the use of modus operandi as an identification technique in investigating Cash-In-Transit robberies in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Modus operandi information can be paramount to the investigators during Cash-In-Transit robbery investigations. The study utilized the qualitative research approach with a non-probability sampling method. The case study research design was selected, and semi-structured interviews were utilised as the data collection instrument in this study. The study employed the spiral data analysis method to generate the findings from the data collected. This study was conducted within the Directorate for Priority Crime Investigation (DPCI), with investigating officers responsible for investigating Cash-In-Transit (CIT) robbery cases under Serious Organised Crime Investigation Units (SOCIU) in Limpopo Province, South Africa. A representative purposive sample of fifteen (15) investigating officers attached to Polokwane SOCIU, Phalaborwa SOCIU, and Musina SOCIU was utilized for data collection using the purposive sampling method in this study. In this study, the use of modus operandi (MO) as a technique to combat and fight against Cash-In-Transit robbery cases is investigated. The study findings indicate that CIT robbery is challenging in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Furthermore, the nature and extent to which CIT robbery occurs in South Africa are also outlined in the study, thus making empirical and significant contributions by exploring and describing the MO used by perpetrators in the commission of CIT robberies. Based on these findings, the study proposes an integrated multidisciplinary operational approach model in response to CIT robberies as a possible practical solution to deal with CIT robberies effectively.M.A. (Criminal Justice)Police Practic
Underlining basis for the National Environmental Policy design in Ethiopia
Get PDFThis article focuses on Ethiopia’s National Environmental Policy design process. The research methodology entails a mixed research design to yield reliable and valid evidence, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the National Environmental Policy design process. The empirical investigation demonstrates that the National Environmental Policy in Ethiopia has been triggered by the inability of the policy to respond to the emergent environmental changes, and international environmental convention, and to harmonise with the restructured environmental sector.
Although significant new environmental issues have been acknowledged higher on the policy agenda, the National Environmental Policy design process is dominated by the ideological, incremental, and elitist policy design approach rather than rational policy analysis. The policy option generation and selection process has not been conducted through generating the possible policy alternatives and weighing up their relative consequences, and decisions seem made under bound rationality using the rule of thumb guided by the ruling party policy and the overpromising intentions of international environmental conventions which affect the quality of the policy and the implementation thereof.Public Administration and Managemen
Challenges physical sciences educators face when teaching chemistry in one cluster of Mogalakwena district
Get PDFLearners who are studying Physical Sciences in the Mogalakwena District in Limpopo Province have been performing unsatisfactorily in the National Senior Certificate (NSC) matric results compared to other Districts in the Province. Physical Sciences is divided in two papers, thus Paper 1 (Physics) and Paper 2 (Chemistry). According to the Limpopo Department of Basic Education, an improvement in Paper 1 has been noticed, as most learners got a pass mark in the 2019 Physical Sciences Paper 1 examination. More candidates achieved above 30% in Paper 1; however, the overall performance of candidates in Paper 2 was unsatisfactory. This raised the concern of the researcher, resulting in the need to investigate the root cause of this underperformance in Paper 2. The study explored the challenges faced by Physical Sciences educators who teach Physical Sciences in the Mogalakwena District, in the Limpopo Province to understand the cause of the underperformance in Chemistry. The qualitative research approach was used in this study. Qualitative data were analysed and interpreted thematically. The population of the study comprised Physical Sciences teachers and learners. Three (3) schools from 3 circuits in one cluster of Mogalakwena District were randomly sampled. The research instruments used were the interview schedule and lesson observation. Thus, the data were collected by interviewing the teacher(s) who teach Physical Sciences from the sampled schools and three lesson observations, which gave the learners in the sampled school an opportunity to participate in this study. The following issues were considered: Curriculum in South Africa, Problems of teaching Chemistry, teachers’ competence, teaching strategies for chemistry and knowledge of assessments. The major findings of this study illustrate that, the poor performance in the Physical Sciences Paper 2 (Chemistry) includes educators’ lack of content knowledge in Chemistry topics and the lack of learners’ interest in Chemistry lessons. The teachers who participated in this study revealed that they did not have enough content knowledge to teach Chemistry topics. Learners had a negative attitude towards Chemistry lessons. Some of the learners did not have the required determination towards their studies. Most learners doing Physical Sciences in grade 12 had not passed grade 11; instead, they had been condoned to grade 12. Furthermore, none of the sampled schools covered in the study had Chemistry laboratories to close the gap between theory and experimental exposure to attain the learners’ interest in Chemistry teaching and learning. These problems can, however, be solved if the District Department of Education and the schools in the research area can implement the recommendation of this study.M. Ed. (Natural Sciences)College of Educatio