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The influence of parental financial socialisation on financial literacy of young black African adults in rural and low-income areas in South Africa
Get PDFAbstracts in English, Shona, TsongaParental financial socialisation is becoming increasingly important globally, due to low levels of financial literacy amongst young adults, especially those in developing countries, rural and low-income areas, and black communities. However, studies in parental financial socialisation remain scant. Therefore, this study was aimed at adding to the knowledge in this field by investigating the influence of parental financial socialisation on the financial literacy of young black African adults in rural and low-income areas in South Africa. This study followed a quantitative research approach and survey design, where data were collected through questionnaires administered to young black African adults in Fetakgomo Tubatse municipality in Limpopo province and Intsika Yethu municipality in Eastern Cape province, because these municipalities met the inclusion criteria, being the most rural and low-income areas in South Africa.
The data were analysed through descriptive statistics, factor analysis, correlation analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression analysis, moderated regression analysis, and structural equation modelling (SEM). The results showed that young black African adults are not financially literate. Furthermore, the results indicated that young black African adults were financially socialised by their parents.
The results further showed that there is a significant difference in parental financial socialisation across socioeconomic status; there is no significant difference in parental financial socialisation according to the child’s gender; there is a significant difference in parental financial socialisation across parental gender; there is a significant negative relationship between culture and parental financial socialisation; and there is a significant positive relationship between parenting style and parental financial socialisation. Furthermore, an empirical result of the study is that there is a significant positive relationship between parental financial socialisation and the young adult’s financial literacy.
This study is amongst the first to investigate the moderated relationship between parental financial socialisation, financial literacy, social structural factors, and individual factors. It was found that the relationship between parental financial socialisation and the young adult’s financial literacy is moderated by social structural factors. It was found that individual factors do not moderate the relationship between parental financial socialisation and the young adult’s financial literacy. The results of the SEM underpin the proposed Parental Financial Socialisation Framework. This study offers recommendations to improve the financial literacy of young black African adults.Kuitele kune vhathu vha funzwa nga vhabebi vhavho nga ha masheleni na matshilisano ku khou ṋaṋa u vha kwa ndeme ḽifhasini ḽoṱhe, nga nṱhani ha ḽeveḽe ya fhasi ya pfunzo ya zwa masheleni kha vhaaluwa vhaswa, nga maanḓa avho vha re kha mashango ane a kha ḓibvelela, vha mbuelo ya fhasi na vha vhuponi ha mahayani, na zwitshavha zwa vharema. Naho zwo ralo, ngudo dza nga ha kuitele kune vhathu vha funzwa nga vhabebi vhavho nga ha masheleni na matshilisano ku dzula ku songo lingana. Nga zwenezwo, ngudo heyi yo livhiswa kha u engedza nḓivho kha heḽi sia nga u sengulusa ṱhuṱhuwedzo ya kuitele kune vhathu vha funzwa nga vhabebi vhavho nga ha masheleni na matshilisano nga ha pfunzo ya zwa masheleni kha vhaswa vha vharema vha Afrika vha mbuelo ya fhasi vhuponi ha mahayani Afrika Tshipembe. Ngudo heyi yo tevhedza nḓila ya ṱhoḓisiso ya khwanthethivi na nyolo ya savei, he data ya kuvhanganyiwa nga kha mbudzisambekanywa dzo livhiswaho kha vhaswa vhahulwane vha vharema vha Afrika masipalani wa Fetakgomo Tubatse ngei vunduni ḽa Limpopo na masipalani wa Intsika Yethu vunduni ḽa Eastern Cape, ngauri mimasipala heyi yo swikelela ṱhoḓea ya u katelwa, u vha vhupo ha mahayani tshoṱhe na mbuelo ya fhasi Afrika Tshipembe.
Data yo saukanywa hu tshi shumiswa zwitatisiṱika zwa mbuletshedzo, zwiṱaluli zwa u saukanya, u saukanya vhushaka, u saukanya phambano (ANOVA), u saukanya u fhungudzea, u saukanya u sedzuluswa hafhu ha u fhungudzea, tshiedziswa tsha u vhambedza ndinganyiso (SEM). Mvelelo dzo sumbedza uri vhaswa vha vharema vha Afrika a vha na pfunzo ya zwa masheni. U i sa phanḓa kha zwenezwo, mvelelo dzo sumbedzisa uri vhaswa vha vharema vha Afrika Tshipembe vho vha vha tshi funzwa nga vhabebi vhavho.
Mvelelo dzo isa phanḓa na u sumbedzisa uri hu na phambano khulwane nga maanḓa kha pfunzo ya masheleni nga vhabebi kha zwiimo zwoṱhe zwa ikonomi ya matshilisano, a hu na phambano khulwane kha pfunzo ya masheleni nga vhabebi zwi tshi ḓa kha mbeu ya ṅwana; hu na phambano khulwanesa kha pfunzo ya masheleni nga vhabebi kha mbeu dzoṱhe dza vhabebi; hu na vhushaka vhu si havhuḓi vhuhulwanesa vhukati ha mvelele na pfunzo ya zwa masheleni nga mubebi; na uri hu na vhushaka havhuḓi vhukati ha nḓila ya kualusele na pfunzo ya zwa masheleni nga mubebi. U isa phanḓa ngauralo, mvelelo dza u sedza dza ngudo ndi dza uri hu na vhushaka havhuḓi ha ndeme vhukati ha pfunzo ya zwa masheleni nga mubebi; na pfunzo ya zwa masheleni ya vhaswa vha vhaaluwa.
Ngudo vhukati ha tsedzuluso ya u sedzulusa vhushaka vhu re vhukati ha pfunzo ya zwa masheleni nga mubebi, pfunzo ya zwa masheleni, zwiṱaluli zwa zwivhumbeo zwa matshilisano, na zwiṱaluli zwa muthu nga muthu. Ho wanuluswa uri vhushaka vhukati ha pfunzo ya zwa masheleni nga mubebi na pfunzo ya zwa masheleni ya vhaswa vha vhaaluwa i vhukati kha zwiṱaluli zwa tshivhumbeo tsha matshilisano. Ho wanuluswa uri zwiṱaluli zwa muthu nga muthu a zwi vhi vhukati ha vhushaka vhukati ha pfunzo ya zwa masheleni nga mubebi na pfunzo ya zwa masheleni ya muswa wa mualuwa. Mvelelo dza SEM dzo kwaṱhisedza u dzinginywa ha Furemiweke ya Pfunzo ya zwa Masheleni nga Mubebi. Ngudo heyi yo ṋetshedza themendelo u khwinisa pfunzo ya zwa masheleni ya vhaaluwa vha vhaswa vha vharema vha Afrika.Ku dyondzisiwa hi vatswari hi swa timali swi ya swi va swa nkoka eka misava hinkwayo hikokwalaho ka leswo vantshwa a va na vutivi hi swa timali, ngopfu ngopfu eka matiko lama ya ha hluvukaku, eka tindhawu ta le makaya na le ka tindhawu ta vanhu lava va holaku miholo yitsongo na le ka tindhawu ta vaaki ta vantima. Kambe, mindzavisiso hi swa vudyondzisi hi swa timali eka vatswari a yi kona kahle. Hikokwalaho, ndzavisisi lowu wu nga xikongomelo xa ku ngetela eka vutivi eka xiyenge lexi hi ku endla ndzavisiso hi nkucetelo wo dyondzisa vatswari hi swa vutivi bya swa timali eka vanhu lavakulu va vantima va Maafrika eka tindhawu ta le makaya na lava va holaku katsongo eAfrika Dzonga. Ndzavisiso lowu wu landzelela fambiselo ra quantitative research na dizayini ya savheyi laha ku hlengeletiwaka kona vutivi hi nongonoko wa swivutiso leswi tsariweke ku na questionnaire eka vanhu lavakulu va vantima va Maafrika eka masipala wa le Fetakgomo Tubatse eka provhinsi ya Limpopo na le ka masipala wa le Intsika Yethu eka provhinsi ya Kapa Vuxa, hikuva vamasipala lava a va hlanganyetana na khrayitheriya, ku nga ku va tindhawu ta le makaya laha vanhu va holaku katsongo eAfrika Dzonga.
Vutivi byi xopaxopiwile hi ku tirhisa descriptive statistics, factor analysis, correlation analyisis na analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression analysis, moderated regression analysis, na structural equation modelling (SEM). Vuyelo byi kombise leswo vanhu lavakulu va Maafrika a va na vutivi hi swa timali. Nakambe, vuyelo byi kombise leswo vanhu lavantshwa va vantima va Maafrika va dyondzisiwe hi swa timali hi vatswari va vona.
Vuyelo byi tlhele byi kombisa leswo ku na ku hambana kukulu eka ku dyondzisiwa hi vatswari hi swa timali eka swiyenge swo hambana swa ta nhlayiseko wa vanhu na ikhonomi; a ku na ku hambana kukulu hi ku dyondzisiwa hi vatswari hi swa timali eka n'wana ku ya hi rimbewu; ku na ku hambana kukulu hi ku dyondzisiwa hi vatswari hi swa timali eka rimbewu ro hambana ra vatswari; ku na vuxakelani lebyi nga ri ku lebyinene exikarhi ka mfuwo na madyondziselo ya vatswari hi swa timali; kasi ku na vuxakelani lebyinene eka switayele swa vatswari na madyondziselo ya vatswari hi swa timali. Nakambe, vuyelo bya vumbhoni bya ndzavisiso hi leswo ku na vuxakelani lebyinene exikarhi ka madyondziselo ya vatswari hi swa timali na vutivi bya lavantshwa hi swa timali.
Ndzavisiso lowu hi wun'wana wa mindzavisiso yo sungula ya vuxakelani bya ku dyondzisiwa hi vatswari hi swa timali, vutivi hi swa timali, na tifekthara ta swa nhlayisano wa vanhu na tifekthara ta munhu hi wun'wewun'we. Ku kumeke leswo vuxakelani bya swa ku dyondzisiwa hi vatswari hi swa timali na vutivi hi swa timali eka vanhu lavantshwa, swi pfunetiwa hi tifekthara ta xivumbeko xa ntshamisano wa vanhu. Ku kumeke leswo tifekthara ta munhu hi wun'wewunwe a swi pfunetiwe ngopfu hi vuxakeleni bya swa ku dyondzisiwa hi vatswari hi swa timali na vutivi bya swa timali eka vanhu lavantshwa. Vuyelo bya SEM lebyi seketeriweke hi rimba leri pimanyetiwaka ra Parental Financial Socialisation Framework. Ndzavisiso wu bumabumela ku antswisiwa ka dyondzo hi swa timali eka vanhu lavantshwa va vantima va Maafrika.D. Phil. (Management Studies)Finance, Risk management and Bankin
An ethical strategic decision-making framework for South African small and medium enterprises
Get PDFSmall and Medium Enterprises (SME) are as important in South Africa as they are across the globe. The South African government has identified SMEs as a key player in the economy, and has developed polices and initiatives to assist them in becoming sustainable. These enterprises face numerous challenges due to their size and unique characteristics, and the failure rate of these entities remains high.
While much research has been conducted on SMEs, the field of strategic decision-making (SDM) and business ethics in SMEs is underrepresented, particularly in South Africa. Most research in these two fields has also focused on large organisations, and SMEs have been neglected. The implementation of effective SDM and the creation of ethical infrastructures are necessary to maintain and ensure the long-term performances of these entities. Hence, there is a need to develop appropriate theory and frameworks aimed at SMEs.
Considering the above, the aim of this study was to determine a benchmark SDM process for SMEs, and to identify how ethics can be integrated into the SDM process. Data was collected though the Delphi Technique, the Interactive Qualitative Technique, and additional interviews with SME owners/managers as participants. The Delphi Technique allowed the study to reach participants across all nine provinces of South Africa, although most participants in this study were located in the Gauteng province. Much of the empirical data obtained was defined and refined by the participants, with the researcher assisting and facilitating in the research process.
The empirical findings identified a benchmark SDM process, as well as how ethics can be defined and integrated into this process. The findings highlighted unique SDM-related activities in the South African context. These unique activities are internal reasons for SDM, financial analysis, the development of alternatives, choice of an alternative with the least cost route, gathering of non-financial information, importance of communication, the implementation step, and lastly, evaluating the effectiveness of the strategic decision. The findings also indicated that SMEs do not follow specific formal steps in SDM, which highlights the dynamic nature of SDM in SMEs.
The influencing factors of SDM in SMEs contributed additional and unique knowledge to the literature in the South African context. The unique influencing factors that were identified included operational matters such as “engine” (the processes and
structures), limitations/opportunity matters such as time and capacity, and rewards such as fuzzy feel-good feelings and financial potential. In addition, the study identified ethical influencing factors and ethical principles such as integrity, doing the right thing, reliability and responsible behaviour towards stakeholders that guide strategic decisions. Personal ethical principles, such as moral codes and beliefs, were also identified.
These findings highlight the mediating and moderating roles of SDM. The empirical finding also established how SMEs define ethics. The findings highlighted unique practical elements of defining business ethics, such as highlighting trustworthiness, and quality of products and services. Additional findings indicated the role of emotions in making ethical strategic decisions. Thirdly, the empirical findings also indicated how the broad influencing factors relate to each other. This was the first empirical research study to highlight the influencing factors within a system of SDM; highlighting influencing factors (primary drivers) such as risk, and primary outcomes such as rewards. Lastly, an ethical SDM framework is suggested, indicating the moderators and mediators in SDM, and highlighting how ethics are integrated into SDM.
The thesis contributes to the field of SDM, business ethics and SMEs, and particularly, to ethical SDM in SMEs. It is of value to South African SME owners/managers, who can utilise the findings of this study.Business Managemen
Effect of free trade agreements on international trade and employment in agro-processing industry in South Africa
Get PDFUnemployment in South Africa has averaged above 20% over the past ten years. Trade
liberalisation is linked to an increase or a decrease in trade and employment. Though, on the
one hand, the positive aspects of trade liberalisation are desirable, on the other hand, the
negative implications of an increase in imports and unemployment are concerns for policy
makers. The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of free trade agreement (FTA) on agro processing industry’s exports, imports and employment in South Africa. Firstly, the study
analyses the effect of free trade agreement on South African exports of subsectors of agro processing industry. Secondly, it analyses the effect of the free trade agreement on South
African imports of subsectors of agro-processing industry. Lastly, it assesses the implication
of trade agreements on employment in the South Africa’s subsectors of the agro-processing
industry.
The study uses panel data, with exports and imports data sourced from United Nations Statistics
Bureau, Commodity Trade Statistics (COMTRADE) and Global Trade Atlas databases. The
real gross domestic product and population data were sourced from the International Monetary
Fund and the World Bank. While the binary variables (landlocked, colony and common
language) data and the data for area and distance were sourced from the CEPII database. The
data for subsectors of the agro-processing industry was sourced from the Quantec EasyData
database.
The study used a gravity model to analyse the effect of trade agreements on subsectors of agro processing industry. The labour regression model was used to analyse the impact of trade on
agro-processing employment. The gravity and labour model’s results were juxtaposed to assess
the link between trade agreement, exports, imports and employment. The results showed that
the Southern African Development Community (SADC) (excluding Southern African Customs
Union (SACU)) trade agreement increases South African exports of woods and woods products
and rubber products by 0.65% and 0.52%, respectively. Moreover, the SADC (excluding
SACU) trade agreement increases South African textiles imports by 1.36%. The Trade,
Development and Cooperation Agreement (TDCA), on the other hand, increases South African
exports of food and beverages by 0.45%. However, in terms of imports, the TDCA increases
South African imports of wood and woods products, paper and paper products and furniture by
0.44%, 0.62% and 0.70%, respectively. The Southern African Customs Union-European Free
v
Trade Association (SACU-EFTA) agreement showed no evidence of increasing exports and
imports of the agro-processing divisions except for tobacco and rubber. The SACU-EFTA
increases South African tobacco and rubber exports by about 1.74% and 1.10%, respectively.
Lastly, it increases South African tobacco imports by 2.22%. On employment nexus, the results
show that the SADC (excluding SACU) trade agreement benefits employment in the wood and
wood products division. The employment for wood and wood products increases as its exports
increase. On the imports side, the SADC (excluding SACU) trade agreement negatively affects
employment in the textiles division. The TDCA’s exports increase employment in the wearing
apparel division. The imports encouraged by the TDCA negatively affect employment in the
furniture division. The exports influenced by the SACU-EFTA agreement positively affect
tobacco division employment.
This study recommends that South Africa, firstly, needs to go beyond traditional markets
(markets where South Africa trades under free trade agreements) and open trade negotiations
for new markets. Secondly, to boost exports-induced employment, majors to facilitate an
increase in trade with traditional markets need to be prioritise, including trade facilitations
majors that ensure effective and efficient movement of goods and services. Lastly, South Africa
needs to identify priority products that could be supported to mitigate an adversely negative
impact on employment induced by imports.Ph.D. (Agriculture)Agriculture, Animal Health, and Human Ecolog
A framework for effective strategy implementation- a resource- capability approach: the case of commercial banks in Ethiopia
No full textExtensive research in strategic management has shown that more than half of the business strategies fail to accomplish their intended objectives due to problems with strategy implementation. However, in comparison to strategy formulation, strategy implementation has received insufficient attention both at the theoretical and empirical levels. The strategy implementation practices in Ethiopian commercial banks were not adequately documented and most of the commercial banks lack an appropriate strategy implementation framework to execute their strategy effectively. The objective of the study was to develop a comprehensive framework that augments the effectiveness of strategy implementation. The study used an explanatory sequential mixed methods research design which utilized a quantitative research approach in the first phase of the study and a qualitative approach in the second part of the study. A sample of 229 top and middle-level managers of commercial banks in Ethiopia was chosen to collect quantitative data, and around 187 (82 percent) questionnaires were returned. In-depth interviews were also held with eight concerned bank officials to obtain qualitative data. The quantitative and qualitative data analyses were carried out using structural equation modelling and thematic analysis, respectively. The results of the study confirmed that strategy communication, incentives and rewards alignment, organisational structure alignment, organisational culture alignment, and strategy monitoring and evaluation are the major components of strategy implementation capability that positively influence strategy implementation success. Furthermore, the study identified managerial skills and managerial social capital as critical organisational resources that positively affect strategy implementation capability. The study also revealed that strategy implementation capability mediates the relationship between the two critical strategy implementation-related resources and strategy implementation success. By operationalizing strategy implementation capability as a second-order reflective-formative construct, the study established an empirically informed strategy implementation framework that entails three components: critical strategy implementation related resources, key elements of strategy implementation capability and strategy implementation performance. The study contributes to the existing knowledge on strategy implementation by expanding the extant strategy implementation frameworks to a broad-based and integrative framework. The study also supplements the strategy implementation literature by employing the resource-capability approach of the resource-based view in developing a framework for effective strategy implementation.D. B. L.Business Managemen
Analysis of a municipal solid waste biorefinery for Johannesburg East Municipalities
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to analyse the amount of municipal solid waste disposed at various landfill sites in the east of Johannesburg. As a resident residing in the east of Johannesburg, it was of interest to me to understand the monetary implications involved in the disposal of waste by the City of Ekurhuleni (CoE) municipality which was formerly known as Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality (EMM). The east of Johannesburg has five operational landfill sites with the Rietfontein Landfill Site being one of them. The Rietfontein Landfill Site is located in Springs, Johannesburg. The Rietfontein Landfill Site is a special landfill site as it is the only one that accepts lower hazardous waste and at the time of research had a 20 year lifespan remaining compared to the others. It was on this basis that the municipal solid waste disposal data from the Rietfontein Landfill Site was utilised to determine whether any valuable products could be recovered from the waste using a biorefinery technology called fast pyrolysis.
The objectives of the study were: (i) To assess the different challenges faced by the landfills in the East of Johannesburg (ii) Identifying useful products which can be recovered from municipal solid waste (iii) Model a process to derive value from the municipal solid waste based on a chosen biorefinery technology and (iv) Apply the combined economic value and environmental impact method to measure the economic and margins and environmental impact saving margins of each product produced.
A theoretical approach was used for this study. Data collection was conducted through a site visit to the Rietfontein Landfill Site. Data was available for the different waste categories used by Rietfontein Landfill Site, namely: Ash Cover Material, Clean Building Rubble (for less than and more than 300mm), General Public and Contractors – Clean Compost/Garden Refuse, Delisted Solids, General Domestic Refuse, Industrial Refuse (For inside and outside Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality), Mixed Waste, Soil, Treated Liquid Foodstuffs, Lesedi Waste, Nigel Waste and Paper Pulp >40%. However, the fast pyrolysis process which was used to determine the amount of valuable products to be recovered; required only the data for Clean Compost/Garden Refuse and not any other waste type.
This data was then collated and analysed to determine data inputs and operating conditions required for the COCO (CAPE-OPEN to CAPE-OPEN) simulation software. The feed flowrate of 40 kg/hr of pine wood biomass provided a yield of 13% flue gas, 18% biochar and 69% bio-oil. The energy balances conducted around the process units found that the coolers and flash separator had a negative change in enthalpy. The capital cost of the process was also determined. The total delivered cost of equipment amounted to 1.29 million Rands. The reactor accounts for 83.92% of the CAPEX. On the other hand, the total annual cost of the process units was found to be 2.20 million Rands. A combined economic value and environmental impact (EVEI) method was utilized to measure the economic margins and environmental impact saving margins of recovered products. The EVEI results indicated that the flue gas product would be uneconomical to produce whilst the biochar and bio-oil products would be economical to produce. The results for the environmental aspects highlighted that 75% of the streams would result in a higher environmental impact. This meant that the streams with negative environmental impact margin savings will be expensive to produce. The first sensitivity analysis for the effect of conversion rates on the yield of products revealed that at low conversion rates, there is less bio-oil and flue gas generated. At high conversion rates, there is more bio-oil generated but less biochar and flue gas generated. A second sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the effect of the feed flowrate on the quantity of pyrolysis products produced. It was observed that an increase in the feed flowrate resulted in a proportional increase in the flue gas, bio-oil and biochar quantities produced. It can be summed from the EVEI profiles of the recovered products that the bio-oil stream was the only stream that had a negative EI saving margin and a positive economic margin unlike other product streams.M. Tech. (Chemical Engineering)Civil and Chemical Engineerin
A cross-sectional assessment of symptom burden among patients with advanced cervical cancer
Get PDFBackground
The increasing burden of chronic non-communicable diseases in developing countries is driving attention to palliative care services. Identification of disease-specific symptoms of concern and their prevalence will guide designing, monitoring, and evaluating palliative care programmes. This study assessed the burden of symptoms and problems among patients with advanced cervical cancer.
Methods
This research followed a cross-sectional study design to quantitatively review the symptom burden among patients diagnosed with advanced cervical cancer attending treatment at Tikur Anbessa Specialised Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January to July 2019. Symptoms were assessed using a patient-reported, seven-day recall Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS) version III. Frequency, median and mean scores with a standard deviation were used in the descriptive analysis whereas t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for comparisons.
Results
There were 385 patients with advanced cervical cancer, stage IIB-IVB, successfully interviewed. The median age was 50 years, the majority were illiterate (63.1%) and in marital union (62.3%). Over 50% of the patients experienced pain, weakness, poor appetite, constipation, limited mobility, and dry mouth. The burdens of emotional symptoms such as patient anxiety, family anxiety, and patient depression were also prevalent at 79.7%, 82.3%, and 47.0%, respectively. Patients who are illiterate, at a higher stage of the disease, not currently in marriage, and who received palliative radiotherapy bear a higher symptom burden.
Conclusion
Patients with advanced cervical cancer bear a high symptom burden. Early initiation of palliative care is recommended to alleviate the concerning symptoms, and to improve patients’ quality of life.Health studie
Remedies for possible corrupt activities within the Supply Chain Management Directorate of the Department of Correctional Services
No full textThe primary aim of this study was to investigate remedies for possible corrupt activities transpiring within the supply chain management (SCM) division of the Department of the Correctional Services (DCS). The focus of the study was to review the level of awareness of public service corruption; to evaluate the policy guidelines and responsibilities of the SCM division in the DCS; and to evaluate and describe the corruption challenges in the SCM division of the DCS. The study includes a survey of international and national literature on the remedies for corruption in SCM.
The study was conducted at two correctional services regions, namely, Gauteng region and Limpopo, Mpumalanga and North West region. The Pretoria district is responsible for two geographically large regions. In this study, a sample size of 30 respondents was targeted. A total of 30 respondents provided feedback which translated to a 100% response rate. Survey questionnaires were distributed to the respondents, whereby 30 returned completed questionnaires, meeting the required sample figures. Respondents were selected using random sampling. A quantitative research methodology was utilised for the interpretation and analysis of data. The quantitative data was triangulated with data collected through the documentary study.
The major findings of this study confirm that the DCS does not adequately address the challenge of corruption and its remedies within the SCM directorate. The following finding supports this proposition: departmental officials do not regularly attend corruption prevention and ethics workshops. This inevitably implies lower levels of awareness of the phenomenon of corruption and its negative impact. Communication about procurement corruption is not clear or provided timeously. The study also confirmed that respondents often observe colleagues ignoring department’s policies and procedures. Respondents disagreed that the department undertakes vetting of all newly recruited staff. The study confirmed the respondents’ view that the awareness of the effect of corruption on the activities of the Department is inadequate. Proposed remedies include education and training interventions on a continuous basis, the encouragement of whistle blowing to enable suppliers and communities to report corruption, the vetting of newly recruited and appointed officials, and awareness campaigns to emphasise the debilitating effect of corruption on the department (directly) as well as society (indirectly).M.A. (Public Health)Public Administration and Managemen
Intersectoral stakeholders’ experiences of supporting sexually abused learners in Gauteng North schools
Get PDFChild sexual abuse affects many learners worldwide. It leaves victims and their families traumatised. South African children of any race are prone to this phenomenon. This study aimed to explore the experiences of intersectoral stakeholders in supporting learners who are sexually abused in schools from Gauteng North Education District-South Africa. The study is positioned within Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. A qualitative research approach and phenomenological design was used to gain insights and understanding of the intersectoral stakeholders’ lived experiences of supporting sexually abused children. Data was collected through semi-structured individual interviews, and field notes captured through a journal. An interpretive phenomenological analysis was used to analyse data. Purposive sampling included 12 intersectoral stakeholders (consisting of 4 teachers, 4 psychologists and 4 social workers) responsible for supporting sexually abused learners. The findings show that child sexual abuse is a sensitive, complex, and extensive phenomenon. Intersectoral stakeholders experienced numerous challenges and negative psychological effects on their health and wellbeing while supporting sexually abused learners. The extensive nature of child sexual abuse, multidisciplinary strategies used to support sexually abused children, and effective interventions for providing support to sexually abused children were also explored. The study recommends the use of a collaborative, integrated multidisciplinary approach to provide support to sexually abused learners. Training, development and empowerment of intersectoral stakeholders are necessary to be able to support sexually abused learners speedily and effectively. Introduction of a variety of measures is important for raising the awareness of CSA and equipping learners with knowledge and skills to address the issue of CSA disclosure among learners.D. Phil. (Psychology of Education)Psychology of Educatio
Effectiveness of writing-to-learn activities in enhancing learners’ performance on the topic of intermolecular forces
No full textAbstracts in English, Northern Sotho and TsongaAn important goal of South Africa’s National Development Plan is for the country to
achieve a target of at least 450000 learners by 2030 qualifying to study for the
Bachelor’s degree programmes in STEM disciplines in various institutions of higher
learning. However, research studies and results from the National Senior Certificate
show that South African learners are performing poorly in STEM subjects such as
Physical Sciences where the number of learners who pass the subject with 40% and
above has not reached 100000 since 2015. One of the identified challenges for poor
performance is related to the language of instruction. Writing is one of the most
important aspects of language that contributes to poor performance, and it is a
fundamental skill associated with critical and creative thinking skills that are important
for learning Physical Sciences. This study was an attempt to design a pedagogical
intervention using ‘writing-to-learn as a pedagogy to enhance learners’ understanding
of Physical Sciences concepts. A mixed-method approach was used to elicit
responses from 317 Grade 11 learners from three schools in Mpumalanga Province
of which 154 were taught through the normal traditional way and 163 through writingto-
learn pedagogies to develop their abilities to construct scientific written
explanations. The quantitative data was collected from tests (pre- and post-tests)
focusing on overall academic achievement, science inquiry skills, and how learners
define and explain concepts in the topic of intermolecular forces. Physical Sciences
teachers from the participating schools were interviewed and learners participated in
focus group interviews. The overall findings from the tests which were analysed
through ANCOVA showed a statistical significance (df= 316; F=65.54; p<0.05) in
favour of the learners who were engaged in writing-to-learn strategies. The WTL
strategies also enhanced learners’ science Inquiry Skills (df= 316; f=40.600 and
p<0.05) and understanding of basic IMF concepts (df= 316, F=79.798 and p<0.05).
Data from the interviews and focus group interviews showed that the teachers and
learners were positive about the incorporation of writing-to-learn activities in science
classes. To offer recommendations for practice, a framework for incorporating writingto-
learn strategies in science education was developed.Maikemisetso a bohlokwa a Leanotlhabollo la Bosetshaba la Afrika Borwa ke gore
naga e fihlelele nepo ya baithuti bao e sego ka fase ga 450000 ka ngwaga wa 2030
bao ba swanelegago go ithutela mananeo a Bachelor’s degree ka dithutong tsa STEM
ka ditheong tsa go fapafapana tsa thuto ya godimo. Le ge go le bjalo, dinyakisiso tsa
dinyakisiso le dipoelo go tswa go Setifikeiti sa Bosetshaba sa Bagolo di laetsa gore
barutwana ba Afrika Borwa ga ba some gabotse dithutong tsa STEM. Physical
Sciences ka mo go kgethegilego ke ye nngwe ya dithuto tsa STEM tseo barutwana ba
di hwetsago e le tlhohlo. Palo ya baithuti bao ba phasago Physical Sciences ga se ya
fihla go 100000 go tloga ka 2015. E nngwe ya ditlhohlo tseo di lemogilwego tsa go se
some gabotse e amana le polelo ya go ruta. Go ngwala ke ye nngwe ya dikarolo tse
bohlokwa kudu tsa polelo tseo di tsenyago letsogo go tshepediso ya go se some
gabotse gomme ke bokgoni bja motheo ka ge gantsi bo tswalanywa le mabokgoni a
go nagana gabotse le a boitlhamelo ao a lego bohlokwa go ithuta Physical Sciences.
Thuto ye e be e le maitekelo a go hlama tsenogare ya thuto ka go somisa ‘go ngwala
go ithuta bjalo ka thuto go godisa kwesiso ya baithuti ya dikgopolo Physical Sciences.
Mokgwa wa mokgwa wa go hlakantshwa o somisitswe go hwetsa dikarabo go tswa
go barutwana ba 317 ba Mphato wa 11 go tswa dikolong tse tharo tsa Profenseng ya
Mpumalanga tseo ba 154 ba tsona di rutilwego ka mokgwa wa tlwaelo wa setso wa
go ruta gomme ba 163 ka dithuto tsa go ngwala go ithuta go hlabolla bokgoni bja bona
bja go aga dingwalwa tsa mahlale ditlhaloso. Datha ya boleng e ile ya kgoboketswa
go tswa ditekong (pele le ka morago ga tlhahlobo) yeo e lebeletsego kudu phihlelelo
ya thuto ka kakaretso, mabokgoni a nyakisiso ya mahlale le ka fao baithuti ba
hlalosago le go hlalosa dikgopolo ka ga hlogotaba ya maatla a magareng ga
dimolekule. Barutisi ba Physical Sciences go tswa dikolong tseo di tserego karolo ba
ile ba boledisanwa le baithuti gomme baithuti ba tsea karolo dipoledisanong tsa
sehlopha sa nepo. Dikutollo ka kakaretso go tswa ditekolong tseo di sekasekilwego
ka ANCOVA di bontshitse bohlokwa bja dipalopalo (df= 316; F=65.54; p<0.05) bjo bo
thekgago baithuti bao ba bego ba swaregile ka maano a go ngwala go ithuta. Maano
a WTL a ile a godisa gape Mabokgoni a go Nyakisisa sa mahlale (df= 316; F=40.600
le p= 0.05 le kwesiso ya dikgopolo tsa motheo tsa IMF (df=316; F=79.798 le p=0.05)
Datha go tswa dipoledisanong le dipoledisanong tsa sehlopha sa nepo e bontshitse
gore barutisi le baithuti ba be ba na le maikutlo a mabotse ka ga go tsenywa ga mediro
ya go ngwala go ithuta ka phaposing ya mahlale. Go fa ditshisinyo tsa go itlwaetsa,
go ile gwa hlangwa tlhako ya go tsenya maano a go ngwala go ya go ithuta thutong
ya mahlale.Xikongomelo xa nkoka xa Kungu ra Nhluvukiso wa Rixaka ra Afrika-Dzonga i ku va
tiko ri fikelela xikongomelo xa vadyondzi lava nga riki ehansi ka 450000 hi 2030 lava
faneleke ku dyondzela tiphurogireme ta tidigiri ta Bachelor’s eka tidyondzo ta STEM
eka swivandla swo hambana swa tidyondzo ta le henhla. Hambiswiritano, tidyondzo
ta ndzavisiso na mbuyelo ku suka eka Xitifikheti xa le Henhla xa Rixaka swi kombisa
leswaku vadyondzi va Afrika-Dzonga a va tirhi kahle eka tidyondzo ta STEM.
Ngopfungopfu Physical Sciences i yin’wana ya tidyondzo ta STEM leti vadyondzi va ti
kumaka ti ri na ntlhontlho. Nhlayo ya vadyondzi lava pasaka Physical Sciences a yi si
fika eka 100000 ku sukela hi 2015. Yin’wana ya mintlhontlho leyi kumiweke eka
matirhelo yo biha yi fambelana na ririmi ra dyondzo. Ku tsala i xin’wana xa swiyenge
swa nkoka swinene swa ririmi leswi hoxaka xandla eka matirhelo yo biha naswona i
vuswikoti bya xisekelo tanihileswi byi talaka ku fambelanisiwa na vuswikoti byo
ehleketa hi vukheta na byo tumbuluxa lebyi nga bya nkoka eka ku dyonda Physical
Sciences. Dyondzo leyi a ku ri ku ringeta ku dizayina ku nghenelela ka dyondzo hi ku
tirhisa ‘ku tsala-ku-dyondza tanihi dyondzo ku ndlandlamuxa ku twisisa ka vadyondzi
eka miehleketo ya Sayense ya Ntivo-vutomi. Endlelo ra maendlelo yo hlangana ri
tirhisiwile ku kuma tinhlamulo ku suka eka 317 wa vadyondzi va Giredi ya 11 ku suka
eka swikolo swinharhu eXifundzheninkulu xa Mpumalanga laha 154 wa vona va
dyondzisiweke hi ku tirhisa ndlela ya ntolovelo ya ndhavuko yo dyondzisa na 163 hi
ku tirhisa tiphedagoji ta ku tsala ku dyondza ku hluvukisa vuswikoti bya vona byo aka
leswi tsariweke hi sayense tinhlamuselo. Data ya nhlayo yi hlengeletiwile ku suka eka
swikambelo (pre na post-test) leyi kongomisaka eka ku humelela hi ku angarhela ka
dyondzo, vuswikoti byo vutisa sayense na ndlela leyi vadyondzi va hlamuselaka na ku
hlamusela miehleketo eka nhlokomhaka ya matimba ya le xikarhi ka timolekhuli.
Vadyondzisi va Sayense ya Miri ku suka eka swikolo leswi ngheneleke va burisanile
naswona vadyondzi va nghenelerile eka mimbulavurisano ya ntlawa lowu
kongomisiweke. Swikumiwa hinkwaswo ku suka eka swikambelo leswi kamberiweke
hi ku tirhisa ANCOVA swi kombisile nkoka wa tinhlayo (df=316, F=65.54; p<0.05) ku
seketela swichudeni leswi a swi nghenelerile eka tindlela to tsala ku dyondza.
Maqhinga ya WTL ya tlhele ya ndlandlamuxa Vuswikoti bya Vulavisisi bya sayense
(df= 316; f=40.600 na p= 0.05 na ku twisisa miehleketo ya masungulo ya IMF (df=316;
F=79.798 na p=0.05) Data ku suka eka mimbulavurisano na mimbulavurisano ya
ntlawa lowu kongomisiweke yi kombisile leswaku vadyondzisi na vadyondzi a va ri na
ntshembo hi ku nghenisiwa ka migingiriko ya ku tsala ku dyondza etlilasini ya sayense. Ku nyika switsundzuxo swa ku titoloveta, ku endliwile rimba ro nghenisa tindlela to
tsala ku dyondza eka dyondzo ya sayense.Ph. D. (Education (Curriculum Studies))Curriculum and Instructional Studie