21838 research outputs found
Sort by
Ukuhlola ukuhlanganiswa kolwazi lomdabu eklasini lesayensi yokuphila : ucwaningo lwezikole ezintathu zemfundo ephezulu esifundazweni sase-Gert Sibande eMpumalanga eNingizimu Africa
No full textThe amended Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) for Life Sciences
promotes the idea of grounding knowledge in local contexts in South African schools.
However, as inspired as the CAPS may be, it still remains a challenge for educators
who do not necessarily know the details of the various indigenous knowledge (IK)
within South Africa, and may not be disposed to teach such knowledge.
This is a qualitative case study which was conducted among Life Sciences educators
and learners at three schools in Gert Sibande District to explore the educators’ and
learners’ understanding of IK and how the educators integrated IK in their teaching.
The findings from semi-structured interviews, lesson observations and documents
revealed a limited understanding of the scientific principles and concepts upon which
IK can be integrated into the Life Sciences curriculum. The study offers
recommendations regarding the implementation of the integration of IK in Life
Sciences.Setatamente sa Pholisi sa Kharikhulamo le Asasemente (CAPS) se se fetotswego sa
Thutamahlalebophelo se hlahlosa kgopolo ya tsebo ya mathomong ka tlhaloso ya gae
dikolong tsa Afrika Borwa. Le ge go le bjalo, le ge CAPS e ka ba e hlohleletswa, se ke
tlhohlo magareng ga bobedi baithuti le barutisi bao ba sa tsebego dintlha tsa go
fapafapana goba bohlokwa bja tsebo ya tlhago (IK) ka Afrika Borwa thutong ya
saense. Ka gona, ba kaba ba se na le maswanedi a go kopanya tsebo ge ba ruta.
Nyakisiso e somisitse mokgwa wa khwalithethifi magareng ga barutisi le baithuti ba
Thutamahlalebophelo dikolong tse tharo Seleteng sa Gert Sibande go lekola kwesiso
ya barutisi le baithuti ya IK le ka fao barutisi ba kopanyago, goba ba ikemiseditsego
go kopanya IK ka thutong ya bona. Go somisitswe mokgwa wa dipoledisano tsa
dipotsiso tseo di sego tsa rulaganywa, mokgwa wa go lekola thuto le tshekatsheko ya
ditokomane go kgoboketsa datha.
Dikutollo di laeditse gore go na le kwesiso ye e lekanyeditswego magareng ga baithuti
le barutisi ka melawana le dikgopolo tsa saense tseo go tsona IK e ka kopanywago
ka go kharikhulamo ya Thutamahlalebophelo. Nyakisiso e fa ditshisinyo tsa ka fao IK
e ka kopanywago ka go kharikhulamo ya Thutamahlalebophelo dikolong tsa Afrika
Borwa.Isitatimende esichitshiyelwe seNqubomgomo Yombhalo ohlanganisa izifundo
Nokuhlola (CAPS) seSayensi Yokuphila sikhuthaza umqondo wokuqinisa ulwazi
ezimeni zendawo ezikoleni zaseNingizimu Afrika. Kodwa-ke, noma igqugquzelwe
kangakanani i-CAPS, kuyinselelo kothisha abangayazi imininingwane noma
ukufaneleka kwemiqondo eyahlukene yolwazi lwendabuko (IK) eNingizimu Afrika
esimeni sokufundisa isayensi. Ngakho-ke bangase bangahlomi kahle ukuhlanganisa
lolo lwazi ekufundiseni kwabo.
Ucwaningo ngokuchaza imininingwane lwenziwa phakathi kothisha beSayensi
Yokuphila kanye nabafundi ezikoleni ezintathu esifundazweni sase-Gert Sibande
ukuhlola ukuqonda kothisha nabafundi nge-IK nokuthi othisha bayihlanganisa kanjani,
noma bazimisele ukuyihlanganisa, i-IK ekufundiseni kwabo. Izingxoxo ezihleliwe,
ukubhekwa kwezifundo kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemibhalo kusetshenzisiwe
ekuqoqweni kwemininingwane.
Okutholakele kuveze ukuthi kunokuqonda okulinganiselwe phakathi kwabafundi
kanye nabafundisi bemigomo nemibono yesayensi lapho i-IK ingahlanganiswa khona
nombhalo ohlanganisa izifundo weSayensi Yokuphila. Lolu cwaningo lunikeza
iziphakamiso zokuthi i-IK ingahlanganiswa kanjani embhalweni ohlanganisa izifundo
weSayensi Yokuphila ezikoleni zaseNingizimu Afrika.M. Ed. (Natural Science Education)Science and Technology Educatio
Assessing the implementation of e-learning in primary schools : a case study of Harare Metropolitan Province
No full textThe role of technology has become one of the most important issues in 21st century education. Electronic learning has revolutionised the way teaching and learning takes place at almost all levels of the education. The global corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged both learners and educators to rapidly transform and adopt modern, non-contact ways of education delivery, to fully exploit the potential affordances technology offers, e-learning has emerged as a core of this revolution. While e-learning is not a completely new phenomenon, with already generous coverage of its implementation particularly in high school and tertiary levels of education, the dearth of literature and studies on the adoption and implementation of e-learning in primary schools is conspicuous. This is particularly so in less resourced, developing countries like Zimbabwe. This is despite considerable effort being made towards the adoption and implementation of e-learning.
This study is an assessment of the implementation of e-learning in primary schools in Zimbabwe. Adopting a descriptive qualitative case study design, its focus was on schools in the Harare Metropolitan. Three schools were purposively selected to participate in the study, from which a sample of nine teachers and three school heads were selected. Data was collected through interviews, observations, and a review of documents. For analysis, data were examined and categorised, and recurring themes that emerged from the transcripts were identified. Findings revealed a lack of guidance on the specific models to follow for e-learning implementation; the need for continuing professional development of teachers and school leaders on the use of educational technology, as well as the need for resources to support the implementation of e-learning in schools. The role of a supportive and visionary school leadership is proposed as a key factor for success, coupled with availability of technical expertise and ICT coordinating structures in schools.D. Phil. (Education)Educational Studie
Contributions of corporate social responsibility within the private higher education sector in South Africa : a case study of the Wisdom Group (Pty) Ltd
No full textThe purpose of this dissertation was to explore the contributions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the private higher education sector using a case study-based research. The research sought to investigate the Wisdom Group’s impact of CSR through an analysis of the perceptions of the research participants who benefited from the company’s CSR programmes. The research followed a qualitative method which was suitable for the objectives that were pursued by the study. The current study was based on the Bourdieuan theory of forms of capital that argues that different capitals (social and cultural) are built through environments such as schools. The capitals also determine an individual’s success through connections; however, these are masked through meritocratic illusion that claims that people succeed purely based on merit. Meritocratic illusion paints an incorrect picture that everyone has an equal chance to success regardless of their personal circumstances. The theory refers to these connections as social networks. The study found that the Wisdom Group engaged in different forms of corporate social responsibility through, among other programmes, skills development programmes by awarding bursaries and learnerships. The study also found that the participants held positive perceptions of the CSR programmes they benefited from. The perceptions held by the participants included that CSR programmes improved their income, inspired them to pursue academic development and led to their employability. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, participant interviews could not be conducted face to face but through the use of audio-conferencing technology. The study benefitted the Wisdom Group as it provided a scientific evaluation of their CSR programmes from the perspective of those who benefited from themInhloso yalo mbhalo omude bekuwukuhlola iminikelo yesibophezelo senhlalo yenkampani (CSR) emkhakheni ozimele wemfundo ephezulu, kusetshenziswa ukusongozwa kwecebo locwaningo olusekelwe esifundweni. Ucwaningo lwalufuna ukuphenya umthelela we-Wisdom Group ku-CSR ngokuhlaziywa kwemibono yababambiqhaza bocwaningo abahlomule ezinhlelweni ze-CSR yenkampani. Kwalandelwa indlela yokuqoqa nokuhlaziya imininingwane okungezona izinombolo, njengoba ibifanele izinhloso ebeziqhutshekwa ocwaningweni. Ucwaningo lwamanje belusekelwe embonweni we-Bourdieuan wezinhlobo zemali, othi izimali ezihlukene (ezenhlalo namasiko) zakhiwe ngokusebenzisa izindawo ezifana nezikole. Lezi zimali ziphinde zinqume impumelelo yomuntu ngoxhumano (ngokombono obizwa ngokuthi ubudlelwano bomphakathi ekudluliseni ulwazi); nokho-ke, lokhu kufihlwe ngenkohliso ezuzisayo ethi abantu baphumelele ngokusekelwe ekuzuzeni kwabo kuphela. Inkohliso ezuzisayo iveza isithombe esingalungile - sokuthi wonke umuntu unethuba elilinganayo lempumelelo - kungakhathaliseki izimo zakhe zomuntu siqu. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi i-Wisdom Group ibambe iqhaza ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokuzibophezela emphakathini ngokusebenzisa, phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo, izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa amakhono ngokuklomelisa ngemifundaze kanye nohlelo lokufunda olusekelwe emsebenzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababambiqhaza babe nemibono emihle ngezinhlelo ze-CSR abahlomule kuzo. Le mibono yayihlanganisa ukuthi izinhlelo ze-CSR zathuthukisa iholo labo, zabakhuthaza ukuba baqhubekise ukuthuthukiswa kwezemfundo, futhi kwaholela ekuqashekeni kwabo. Ngenxa yemikhawulo ye-COVID-19, izingxoxo nababambiqhaza kwadingeka ukuba zenziwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe benkomfa yokulalelwayo esikhundleni sobuso nobuso. Ucwaningo lube nenzuzo ku-Wisdom Group njengoba lunikeze ukuhlolwa kwesayensi kwezinhlelo zabo ze-CSR ngokombono walabo abahlomule kuzo.Maikemisetso a thuto ena e ne e le ho hlahloba nyehelo tsa boikarabelo ba khamphani setjhabeng (CSR) lekaleng la poraefete la thuto e phahameng, ka ho sebedisa dipatlisiso tsa thuto ya boithuto ba taba. Dipatlisiso di ne di batla ho batlisisa tshusumetso ya Wisdom Groups’s ho CSR ka tlhahlobo ya maikutlo a bankakarolo ba dipatlisiso ba ruileng molemo ho tswa mananeong a CSR a khamphani. Ho ile ha latelwa mokgwa wa boleng, ka ha o ne o loketse merero e neng e phethilwe thutong. Boithuto ba ha jwale bo ne bo thehilwe kgopolong ya Bourdieuan ya mefuta ya matlotlo, e bolelang hore matlotlo a fapaneng (a setjhaba le a setso) a hahilwe ka maemo a kang dikolo.Matlotlo ana a boetse a kgetholla katleho ya motho ka dikgokahano (ka kgopolo e bitswang marangrang a setjhaba); leha ho le jwalo, tsena di kwahelwa ke kgopolo ya hore batho ba hatela pele ho latela seo ba se finyelletseng ho ipapisitswe le makgabane feela. Kgopolo ya hore batho ba hatela pele ho latela seo ba se finyelletseng ho ipapisitswe le makgabane feela e hlalosa setshwantsho se fosahetseng - sa hore e mong le e mong o na le monyetla o lekanang wa katleho - ho sa tsotellehe maemo a bona a bophelo.Thuto ena e fumane hore Wisdom Group e sebedisitse mefuteng e fapaneng ya boikarabello setjhabeng mme a mang a mananeo e bile, mananeo a ntlafatso ya ditsebo ka ho fana ka dibasari le dithupelo. Ho feta moo, bankakarolo ba ne ba e na le maikutlo a matle ka mananeong a CSR ao ba ileng ba rua molemo ho ona. Maikutlo ana a ne a kenyelletsa hore mananeo a CSR a ntlafaditse tjhelete eo ba e fumanang, a ba kgothaleditse ho hahamalla ntshetsopeleng ya thuto, mme a lebisa ho hirweng ha bona. Ka lebaka la dithibelo tsa COVID-19, dipuisano le bankakarolo di ile tsa tlameha ho etswa ka tshebediso ya theknoloji ya ho hokela batho ba fetang bonngwe ho mohala o le mong. ho e na le ho shebana mahlong.Thuto ena e bile molemo ho Wisdom Group ka ha e fane ka tlhahlobo ya saense ya mananeo a CSR ho latela pono ya ba ileng ba rua molemo ho ona.M.A. (Development Studies)Development Studie
Developing a conceptual model linking remuneration governance compliance, executive pay, pay-gap, and performance of JSE firms
No full textIncludes summaries in Xhosa and SothoPurpose: The global interest in the ability of corporate governance to increase a firm’s wealth
based on its reaction to corporate scandals/collapses has led to contestation of the agency
theory favoured by extant studies compared to stewardship and tournament theories. The
study aimed to develop a conceptual model linking RGC (RGC), executive pay, pay performance link, executive-employee pay-gap, and firm performance of JSE-listed firms.
Methodology: A pragmatism ontology and convergent parallel mixed approach was
employed on selected JSE-listed firms between 2011 and 2020. Secondary data from annual
reports, the IRESS database, and extant literature were employed to develop a RGCI and to
extract key variables including firm performance measures (FPMs) and key performance
indicators KPIs). Descriptive statistics, correlations, regression, and comparative analysis
were used to achieve research objectives.
Findings: The results indicate a declining RGC among the selected firms, a negative
association between RGC and executive pay, a positive connection between RGC and firm
performance, a negative moderating effect of RGC on the pay-performance link, a positive
moderating effect of RGC on the connection between pay-gap and firm performance, and a
disconnection of FPMs from KPIs of the JSE listed firms, suggesting a neglected endogeneity
problem.
Implications and recommendations: There is a need to enforce and monitor RGC, and to
review methodological and theoretical foundations in research that involves governance and
executive pay, performance, or pay-gap. This is since the type and nature of KPIs are
dissimilar to the FPMs, which is likely to result in research that is disconnected from what is
happening in practice.
Contribution to knowledge: The study is the first to have selected firms from the full range
of JSE listed firms, with specific focus on RGC post-King III and IV, tested RGC moderation
effect, compared FPMs against KPIs, studied pay-gap locally and used firm performance
proxies aligned with practice. The study has also identified methodological flaws and
challenged the agency theory.Injongo: Umdla wehlabathi jikelele ekukwazini kolawulo lwenkampani ukwandisa ubutyebi
befemu ngokusekelwe kwindlela esabela ngayo kumahlazo / ukuwa kwenkampani
kukhokelele ekukhuphisaneni kwengcamango yeagency theory ethandwa zizifundo
ezikhoyo, xa kuthelekiswa ukulawula/ukuphatha kunye netournament theories. Uphando
lujoliswe ekuphuhliseni imodeli yengqiqo edibanisa ukuthotyelwa kolawulo lwemivuzo
(iRGC), umvuzo wesigqeba, unxibelelwano lomvuzo wokusebenza, umsantsa kumvuzo
womsebenzi osisigqeba, kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo kweefemu ezidweliswe kwiJSE.
Isikholelo sophando/imethodoloji: Kusetyenziswe ipragmatism ontology kunye nendlela
yohlalutyo lwedatha yophandontyilazwi nolweenkcukachamanani (iconvergent parallel mixed
approach) ekujongeni iifemu ezikhethiweyo ezidweliswe kwiJSE phakathi kuka2011 no2020.
Kukwasetyenziswe idatha elandelayo evela kwiingxelo zonyaka, ulwazi olucwangcisiweyo
olukwikhompyutha/idathabheyisi yeIRESS, uncwadi olukhoyo ukuphuhlisa isalathiso seRGC
kunye nokukhupha iinguqu eziphambili, kubandakanya amanyathelo okusebenza
okuzinzileyo (iFPMs) kunye nezalathisi eziphambili zokusebenza (iKPIs). Kusetyenziswe
iinkcukachamanani ezichazayo, ukuhambelana, ubudlelwana kwiinguqu ezixhomekekileyo
nezizimeleyo, kunye nohlalutyo oluthelekisayo ukufezekisa iinjongo zophando.
Iziphumo: Iziphumo zibonisa ukuhla kweRGC phakathi kweefemu ezikhethiweyo,
unxulumano olungalunganga phakathi kweRGC kunye nomvuzo wesigqeba, unxibelelwano
oluhle phakathi kweRGC kunye nokusebenza okuzinzileyo, ifuthe elingalunganga
lokumodareyitha leRGC kunxibelelwano lokuhlawula ukusebenza, ifuthe elihle
lokumodareyitha leRGC kunxibelelwano phakathi komsantsa kumvuzo kunye nokusebenza
okuzinzileyo, kunye nokwahlukana kweFPMs ezivela kwiKPIs zeefemu ezidwelisiweyo
kwiJSE, okubonisa ingxaki yempembelelo engakhathalelwanga.
Iziphumo kunye neengcebiso: Kukho isidingo sokunyanzelisa nokubeka iliso kwiRGC,
kunye nokuphonononga iziseko zesikhokelo sophando kunye nethiyori kuphando
olubandakanya ulawulo kunye nomvuzo wesigqeba, ukusebenza, okanye umsantsa
kumvuzo. Oku kungenxa yohlobo kunye nokungafani kokudalwa kweKPIs neFPMs,
okunokwenzeka ukuba ziphumele kuphando olwahlukeneyo koko kwenziwayo.
Igalelo kulwazi: Olu phando lolokuqala ukuba nezi nkalo zilandelayo: iifemu ezikhethiweyo
ezivela kuluhlu olupheleleyo lweefemu ezidweliswe kwiJSE, ngokugxininisa ngokukodwa
kwiRGC post-King III kunye neIV; ifuthe lokumodareyitha leRGC elivavanyiweyo; ukuthelekiswa kweFPMs neKPIs; ukufundwa komsantsa kumvuzo
ngokwalapha/ngokwasekuhlaleni; lwaze lwasebenzisa abameli bokusebenza okuzinzileyo
abahambelana noko kwenziwayo okanye umsebenzi. Olu phando luye lwachonga neziphene
zesikhokelo sophando laze lwacela umngeni weagency theory.Sepheo: Thahasello ya lefatshe ya bokgoni ba puso ya koporasi ba ho eketsa leruo la feme
ho latela karabelo ya yona ho manyofonyofo/ho putlama ho entse hore ho be le phehisano
ya kgopolo ya lefapha le ratwang ke diphuputso tse seng di ntse di le teng, ha di bapiswa le
botsamaisi le dikgopolo tsa tlhodisano. Phuputso ena e ikemiseditse ho hlahisa moralo wa
mohopolo o hokahanyang boikamahanyo ba puso ya meputso (RGC), meputso ya
batsamaisi, lehokelo la ho lefshwa, sekgeo sa meputso ya basebetsi ba botsamaisi, le
tshebetso ya feme ya difeme tse lenaneng la JSE.
Mekgwa e sebedisitsweng phuputsong: Ho sebedisitswe katamelo ya phuputso ya se teng
ya nnete le moelelo le e kopantseng bongata le boleng ho sheba difeme tse thathamisitsweng
ho JSE pakeng tsa dilemo tsa 2011 le 2020. Dintlha tsa bobedi tse tswang ditlalehong tsa
selemo le selemo, datapeisi ya IRESS, le dingodilweng tse seng di ntse di le teng di ile tsa
sebediswa ho hlahisa indekse ya RGC le ho ntsha dintlha tse ka sehloohong, ho
kenyelletswa mehato ya tshebetso ya difeme (di-FPM) le matshwao a bohlokwa a tshebetso
(di-KPI). Ho sebedisitswe dipalo-palo tse hlalosang, dikamano, ho kgutlela morao, le
tlhahlobo ya papiso ho fihlella dipheo tsa patlisiso.
Diphumano: Diphetho di bontsha ho fokotseha ha RGC hara difeme tse kgethilweng,
mokgatlo o fosahetseng pakeng tsa RGC le meputso ya batsamaisi, kamano e ntle pakeng
tsa RGC le tshebetso ya feme, phello e mpe ya RGC ho lehokela la tshebetso ya meputso,
phello e ntle ya tekanyetso ya RGC mabapi le kamano pakeng tsa sekgeo sa meputso le
tshebetso ya feme, le ho kgaoha ha di-FPM ho tswa ho di-KPI tsa difeme tse
thathamisitsoeng ho JSE, ho fana ka maikutlo a bothata bo sa tsotellweng ba ho qetela.
Diphello le dikgothaletso: Ho na le tlhokahalo ya ho qobella le ho beha leihlo RGC, le ho
lekola mekgwa le metheo ya kgopolo-taba diphuputsong tse amang puso le meputso ya
batsamaisi, tshebetso, kapa sekgeo sa meputso. Sena se bakwa ke hore mofuta le sebopeho
tsa di-KPI di fapane le tsa di-FPM, e leng ntho e ka nnang ya fella ka patlisiso e sa amaneng
le se etsahalang tshebetsong.
Tlatsetso tsebong: Thuto ena ke ya pele ya ho ba le: difeme tse kgethilweng ho tswa
lethathamong le felletseng la difeme tse thathamisitsweng ho JSE, tse tsepamisitseng
maikutlo ho RGC kamora Morena wa III le IV; phello e entsweng teko ya RGC; di-FPM tse
bapisitsweng le di-KPI; sekgeo sa meputso se ithutilweng lehaeng; le tshebediso ya baemedi ba difeme ba tshebetso e tsamaellanang le tlwaelo. Phuputso ena e boetse e hlwaile
mefokolo ya mekgwa le ho phephetsa kgopolo ya setsi.D. Phil. (Accounting Sciences)College of Accounting Science
Knowledge and information sharing through social networking sites among postgraduate students at selected universities in Tanzania
No full textThe study investigated the use of social networking sites (SNSs) in knowledge and
information sharing among postgraduate students at selected universities in Tanzania.
The uses of SNSs are known to have potential to contribute to knowledge and
information sharing. This study adopted the pragmatism paradigm and used mixed
methods research (MMR) employing a convergent research design that allowed the
collection of both quantitative and qualitative data concurrently. Questionnaires,
structured interviews and document review were used to collect data for the study. The
population of the study comprised of 633 postgraduate students from four selected
universities for the study. The response rate was 71.5% which was deemed to be very
good for concluding findings from the mailed questionnaires. Eight interviews sessions
were conducted for the qualitative component of the study. Statistical Package for
Social Science (SPSS) version 24 was used to analyse quantitative data that were
collected while qualitative data were organised and analysed thematically using Atlasi.ti
version 7 and wordArt software. Finally, the findings were integrated to enhance the
rigour of the study.
The study established that, postgraduate students at the selected universities for the
study preferred to share various types of knowledge and information through SNSs
including procedural, conceptual, declarative, explicit, tacit and metacognitive
knowledge. The study established that there was an absence of stand-alone policies to
guide the use of SNSs for knowledge and information sharing in the selected
universities for the study. This study noted that various factors influenced postgraduate
students to use SNSs for sharing knowledge and information. They include educational
compatibility, access to knowledge and information, enhancement of student’s
academic performance, quality of student’s academic works. This study established that,
postgraduate students had perceived the use of SNSs to be very useful for their
academic purposes. Various challenges faced postgraduate students in their use of SNSs
in knowledge and information sharing were identified including lack of reliable internet
connectivity, lack of trust and insecurity, and lack of enough ICT facilities. The study
recommended a framework for the implementation of SNSs in knowledge and
information sharing in the selected universities for the study.D. Phil. (Information Science)Information Scienc
WhatsApp as a Qualitative Data Collection Method in Descriptive Phenomenological Studies
No full textThis article presents WhatsApp as a means of data collection among vulnerable populations, reporting on a study conducted in South Africa and Zimbabwe, to determine the terminology used for and among different genders and sexually diverse individuals. 19 LGBTIQ+ individuals, recruited through a modified snowballing technique, participated in the study. Using WhatsApp text-based information, the interview questions and information regarding the study and ethics-related information were forwarded from one participant to another. The same approach was used for data-collection purposes, where responses (either voice notes or written texts) were forwarded until they reached the initial two participants and/or the principal investigator. Data were analysed using Collazi’s steps for data analysis. As the study focus was on the data collection technique, the paper highlights the ethical implications related to using WhatsApp as a data collecting tool. The study also indicates the advantages and disadvantages of using this platform and further emphasises that voice note WhatsApp messages yielded higher quality and more in-depth responses than text messages. The limitations of using WhatsApp, and ways of enhancing its use as a means of data collection among vulnerable populations, are also addressed.College of Human Science
Is the effect of public debt on inflation symmetric or asymmetric? Evidence from the Gambia
Get PDFSeveral studies have identified the impact of total public debt on inflation. These studies are based on the assumption of a symmetric relationship between these variables. However, because different governments react to changes in total public debt (positive or negative) differently, this study employed the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) technique to investigate the nature of the link between total public debt and inflation in the Gambia for the period from 1978 to 2019. The results indicate an asymmetric relationship between total public debt and inflation, irrespective of whether the analysis was conducted in the short run or long run. The coefficient of a positive shock in total public debt is statistically significant in the short run and in the long run, suggesting the inflationary effect of positive variation in total public debt in the Gambia. On the other hand, the effect of a negative shock is not statistically significant in the short run or in the long run. These findings reinforce the need for government to approach increase in public debt with caution to minimise volatility in inflation. Overall, this study provides a fresh insight into the optimal estimation technique for testing the public debt–inflation nexus through a nonlinear approach.Economic
Ukuhlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwesivumelwano sengqondo, ukuzibophezela kwenhlangano, nokulondolozwa kwabasebenzi emkhakheni wokulawulwa kwamanzi Eningizimu Afrika
No full textAbstracts in English, Afrikaans and ZuluThe objectives of the study were: (1) to determine the relationship between psychological contract (measured by the Psychological Contract Questionnaire), organisational commitment (measured by the Organisational Commitment Questionnaire), and satisfaction with retention factors (measured by the Retention Factor Measurement Scale); (2) to determine whether employees representing different demographical variables (age, gender and race) differ significantly in terms of their levels of the psychological contract, organisational commitment, and satisfaction with retention factors; and, lastly, (3) to investigate whether age, gender, race, psychological contract, and organisational commitment significantly and positively predict employees’ satisfaction with retention factors. A quantitative survey was conducted on a purposive sample of permanent employees (N = 172) from the water control sector.
Descriptive, correlational, and inferential statistical analyses revealed significant relationships between the psychological contract, organisational commitment, satisfaction with retention factors and demographical variables. The research findings confirmed a relationship between age, gender, race, psychological contract, organisational commitment and satisfaction with retention factors, and that psychological contract and organisational commitment predicted satisfaction with retention factors. Employee retention strategies were formulated based on accurate and deep understanding with regard to core significant research findings. The findings contribute valuable insight and knowledge to the field of psychological contract and organisational commitment that can be applied in the retention of employees in the water control sector.Die doelwitte van die studie was: (1) om die verhouding tussen die psigologiese kontrak (gemeet deur die vraelys vir psigologiese kontrak), organisatoriese toewyding (gemeet deur die vraelys vir organisatoriese toewyding) en die tevredendheid met behoudfaktore (gemeet deur die metingskaal vir behoudfaktore) te bepaal; (2) om vas te stel of werknemers wat verskillende demografiese veranderlikes (ouderdom, geslag en ras) verteenwoordig, noemenswaardig verskil ten opsigte van hul vlakke van die psigologiese kontrak, organisatoriese toewyding en tevredenheid met behoudfaktore; en laastens (3) om ondersoek in te stel na of ouderdom, geslag, ras, psigologiese kontrak en organisatoriese toewyding werknemers se tevredenheid van behoudfaktore noemenswaardig en positief beïnvloed. ’n Kwantitatiewe opname is onder ’n doelbewuste steekproef van permanente werknemers (N = 172) in die waterbeheersektor gedoen.
Beskrywende, korrelasie- en afgeleide statistiese ontledings het beduidende verwantskappe tussen die psigologiese kontrak, organisatoriese toewyding, tevredenheid van behoudfaktore en demografiese veranderlikes getoon. Die navorsingsbevindings het ’n verwantskap tussen ouderdom, geslag, ras, psigologiese kontrak, organisatoriese toewyding en tevredenheid met die behoudfaktore bevestig asook dat psigologiese kontrak en organisatoriese toewyding tevredenheid met die behoudfaktore voorspel. Werknemerbehoudstrategieë is geformuleer, wat op akkurate en grondige begrip ten opsigte van belangrike en betekenisvolle navorsingsbevindings gebaseer is. Die bevindings dra waardevolle insig en kennis by op die terrein van psigologiese kontrak en organisatoriese toewyding wat in die behoud van werknemers in die waterbeheersektor toegepas kan word.Izinjongo zocwaningo kwakuyilezi: (1) ukunquma ubudlelwano phakathi kwesivumelwano sezengqondo (kulinganiswa Uhlu Lwemibuzo Lwesivumelwano Sengqondo), ukuzibophezela kwenhlangano (kulinganiswa Uhlu Lwemibuzo Lokuzibophezela Kwenhlangano), kanye nokwaneliseka ngezici zokulondolozwa (kulinganiswa Ngesikali Sokulinganiswa Kwesici Sokulondolozwa); (2) ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi abasebenzi abamelela ukuhlukahluka kwezibalo zabantu (iminyaka yobudala, ubulili nohlanga) zihluke kakhulu ngokwamazinga azo esivumelwano sengqondo, ukuzibophezela kwenhlangano, nokwaneliseka ngezici zokulondolozwa; futhi, okokugcina, (3) ukuphenya ukuthi ubudala, ubulili, uhlanga, isivumelwano sengqondo, nokuzibophezela kwenhlangano kubikezela ngokuphawulekayo nangokuqinisekile ukwaneliseka kwabasebenzi ngezici zokulondolozwa. Inhlolovo yokuqoqa nokuhlaziya imininingwane yezinombolo yenziwa ngesampula yenhloso yabasebenzi abasebenza ngokugcwele (N = 172) abavela emkhakheni wokulawula amanzi.
Ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo okuchazayo, okuhlobanayo, nokunganaki kwembula ubudlelwano obubalulekile phakathi kwesivumelwano sezengqondo, ukuzibophezela kwenhlangano, ukwaneliseka ngezici zokulondolozwa nokuhlukahluka kwezibalo zabantu. Imiphumela yocwaningo iqinisekise ubudlelwano phakathi kweminyaka yobudala, ubulili, uhlanga, isivumelwano sengqondo, ukuzibophezela kwenhlangano nokwaneliseka ngezici zokulondolozwa, nokuthi isivumelwano sengqondo nokuzibophezela kwenhlangano kwabikezela ukwaneliseka ngezici zokulondolozwa. Amasu okulondolozwa kwabasebenzi akhiwe ngokusekelwe ekuqondeni okunembile nokujulile emithonjeni eyinhloko yocwaningo ebalulekile. Okutholakele kunomthelela omkhulu wokuqonda nolwazi emkhakheni wesivumelwano sezengqondo nokuzibophezela kwenhlangano okungasetshenziswa ekulondolozweni kwabasebenzi emkhakheni wokulawula amanzi.M. Com. (Business Management: Human Resource Management)Human Resource Managemen
How do you expect us to survive? Lamentation of female sex workers in Zimbabwe during COVID-19 lockdown
Get PDFThe restrictive measures taken to curb and mitigate the spread of the corona virus of 2019 (COVID-19) had negative implications on the vulnerable populations. The most severely affected group among the vulnerable population were sex workers, whose work venues and customers were locked down. This descriptive phenomenological study explored effects of COVID-19 on female sex workers in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Snowballing sampling was used to recruit participants. Data were collected through in-depth
face-to-face individual interviews with ten female sex workers. The sample size was determined by data saturation. Colaizzi's seven-step content analysis approach was followed to guide data analysis. Rigour was ensured by adhering to Guba and Lincoln's
trustworthiness criteria. The study found that the lockdown measures impacted negatively on sex workers’ income, making it difficult for them to get money for food and rentals. In order to survive, sex workers adopted innovative entrepreneurship. Others engaged in risky sexual behaviours, further aggravating their situation emotionally and psychologically. It is recommended that the government and policy makers provide psychosocial and economic support to protect the rights of female sex workers in order to
maintain the gains made in HIV response.College of Human Science
Integration in the early black Pentecostal community: a basis for social action in a post-1994 South Africa
Get PDFEarly Pentecostalism refers to the early development and establishment of the Pentecostal movement in South Africa. Early Pentecostalism in South Africa was a united movement learning from the Azusa Street Revival in the United States of America and the Pentecostal message of William Seymour of non-racialism. However, the movement soon succumbed to the political divisions in South Africa and became divided along racial lines. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that the black Pentecostal community remained integrated amidst racial segregation in the country. This has been established by previous studies on the black Pentecostal movement in South Africa. What is new here is that this integration can become a source for social action, specifically in dealing with the challenges of a post-1994 South Africa, such as the injustices of the past, socio-economic challenges, crime, and corruption. The following will be the main section of this article: Firstly, the discussion on the early Pentecostalism in South Africa before the movement succumbed to the racial segregation tendencies. Secondly, the history of the black Pentecostal community in South Africa including the mixed-race and the Indians. Thirdly, integration in this community is discussed to demonstrate that black people have been united especially in the fight against apartheid in South Africa. The last section deals with how this integration can serve as a basis for socialaction in post-1994 South Africa in dealing with the remnants of the apartheid system. By social action in this article, one refers to activities that society can take in confrontation of oppressive systems. The article uses literary analysis that evaluates data on the integration of the black Pentecostal community in South Africa. However, before delving into these main sections, the article discusses the theory of integration to apply it to the black Pentecostal community.Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiolog