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Representation of transgender women in the South African soap opera, 7de laan
No full textAbstract in English with Afrikaans and Xhosa translationsThe goal of this study was to explore and discuss how transgender women are spoken about and treated by examining the portrayal of Geneviève du Pré in the South African soap opera 7de Laan and highlighting the importance of relevant and relatable portrayals.
Transgender representations are on the rise globally, but quantity should not be equated to quality in light of criticism around negative portrayals that encourage transphobic behaviour.
The dissertation’s main research question is: How are transgender women represented in the South African soap opera 7de Laan? Five sub-questions were constructed to guide the investigation and those related to whether stereotypes exist within the portrayal and whether 7de Laan perpetuates stereotypes. Additional sub-questions pertained to the findings of the thematic analysis conducted on the 14 episodes that feature Geneviève; the narrative structure of soap operas and how it positions the medium as an enabler of change. The study’s final sub-question related to soap’s ability to provide a platform for the dentification, negotiation or construction of identities.
The investigation employed a qualitative cross-sectional thematic analysis of the 14 episodes featuring Geneviève. The study also used triangulation, and the additional data sources included discourse analysis of Facebook comments related to the portrayal and
an interview with the actress who portrayed Geneviève du Pré.
Due to the study being exploratory, the long-term research outcomes of contributing to the body of research related to transgender representation may not be immediately realised.
It is hoped that the study will spark a debate around the deficit ertaining to the representation of transgender women in South African soap operas specifically, and the importance of addressing accurate portrayals.Injongo yesi sifundo yayikukuphonononga nokuxoxa ngendlela ekuthethwa ngayo
nendlela abaphathwa ngayo abafazi abazikhethele ukutshintsha isini sabo sendalo,
ngokubhekiselele ekuzotyweni komlinganiswa onguGeneviève du Pré kumdlalo
kamabonakude ongu7de Laan. Esi sifundo sibonisa ukubaluleka kokuzoba abalinganiswa
ngokufanelekileyo nangokukholelekayo. Ukuzotywa kwabalinganiswa abatshintshe isini
ngokuzikhethela kuyanda ehlabathini jikelele, kodwa ubuninzi abumelanga kulinganiswa
nomgangatho kuba ukuzoba abalinganiswa kakubi kukhuthaza impathombi yabo
batshintshe isini ngokuzikhethela.
Umbuzo wophando ongundoqo uthi: Baveliswa njani abafazi abatshintshe isini
ngokuzikhethela kumdlalo kamabonakude waseMzantsi Afrika ongu7de Laan?
Kwaqulunqwa imibuzwana emihlanu yokuqhuba uphando. Umphandi wabuza ukuba
ingaba ukuzotywa kwabafazi abatshintshe isini ngokuzikhethela kusekelwe kwiingcinga
ezithile ezingajikiyo okanye ingaba u7de Laan uqhubela phambili ezo ngcinga. Eminye
imibuzwana yagxila kuhlalutyo lwemixholo yemiboniso eli-14 awayedlala kuyo
uGeneviève; kwisakhiwo sebali semidlalo kamabonakude; nokuba ingaba eso sakhiwo
sivumela ukuba umdlalo ukhuthaze utshintsho kusini na. Umbuzwana wokugqibela
wabhekiselela kwimidlalo kamabonakude njengeqonga lokwazisa, lokubonisana okanye
ukwakha ubuwena bomntu.
Uphando lwaqhutywa ngokuhlalutya izimvo zabathathi nxaxheba malunga nemixholo
efumaneka kwimiboniso eli-14 adlala kuyo uGeneviève. Uphando lukwaqwalasele
izenzo ezisisiqhamo sempixano phakathi kwabalinganiswa ababini; lwaqwalasela
neminye imithombo yezimvo njengoFacebook, malunga nokuzotywa kukaGeneviève;
ingxoxo malunga nezo zimvo; kwakunye nodliwano ndlebe nomdlali odlala indawo
kaGeneviève du Pré.
Njengokuba esi isisifundo esiyingabula zigcawu, zisenokungabonakali kwangoku
iziqhamo kunye negalelo laso kuphando olumalunga notshintsho lwesini ngokuzikhethela.
Sinethemba lokuba esi sifundo siya kukhokelela kwingxoxo emalunga nokunqongophala
kokuveliswa kwabafazi abatshintshe isini ngokuzikhethela kwimidlalo kamabonakude
yoMzantsi Afrika kunye nokubaluleka kokuzotywa kwabalinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo.Die doel van hierdie studie was om ondersoek in te stel na, en te bespreek hoe daar oor transgendervroue gepraat word en hoe hulle behandel word met verwysing na die uitbeelding van Geneviève du Pré in die Suid-Afrikaanse strooisage, 7de Laan. Die studie werp lig op die belangrikheid van relevante uitbeeldings waarby aanklank gevind kan word. Transgenderverteenwoordiging is besig om wêreldwyd toe te neem, maar
kwantiteit moenie aan kwaliteit gelykgestel word nie aangesien negatiewe uitbeeldings transfobiese gedrag aanmoedig.
Die hoofnavorsingsvraag was: Hoe word transgendervroue in die Suid-Afrikaanse strooisage 7de Laan uitgebeeld? Vyf subvrae is geformuleer om die ondersoek te lei. Die navorser se vraag was of die uitbeelding van transgendervroue op stereotipes gebaseer was en of 7de Laan stereotipes perpetueer. Bykomende subvrae het op die bevindinge van ’n tematiese ontleding van die 14 episodes gefokus waarin Geneviève ’n belangrike rol vertolk het, sowel as op die narratiewe struktuur van strooisages en hoedat die narratiewe struktuur die medium toegelaat het om ’n instaatsteller van verandering te word. Die finale subvraag het verband gehou met strooisages as ’n platform vir die identifisering, onderhandeling of konstruksie van identiteite.
Die ondersoek het ’n kwalitatiewe, deursnee tematiese ontleding van die 14 episodes waarin Geneviève opgetree het, aangewend. Dit het ook triangulering, bykomende databronne soos Facebook-kommentaar op die uitbeelding van Geneviève en ’n diskoersontleding van hierdie kommentaar, sowel as ’n onderhoud met die aktrise wat die rol van Geneviève du Pré vertolk het, gebruik.
Aangesien die studie verkennend van aard was, is dit moontlik dat die langtermynnavorsingsuitkomste en bydrae tot navorsingsmateriaal oor transgenderverteenwoordiging nie dadelik erkenning sal kry nie. Die hoop is dat die studie die voorloper sal word van debatvoering oor die ontoereikende verteenwoordiging van
transgendervroue in Suid-Afrikaanse strooisages en die belangrikheid van akkurate uitbeeldings.M.A. (Communication Science)Communication Scienc
A study of light curve variations in eclipsing contact binary stars
Get PDFSummary in EnglishThe study of light curves of W UMa (W Ursa Majoris type) eclipsing contact binary stars can provide
insight into their physical dimensions as well as their evolution. By making use of different data
sets, including from the All Sky Automated Survey (ASAS) and the Wide Angle Search for Planets
(SuperWASP), light curves were modelled to assess if there is a trend regarding their mass-ratios
q and the inclination angles i of these systems in relation to the appearance of the light curves. A
selection of stars were also subjected to period variation analysis and the results thereof presented.
Period changes that are fore-casted with a degree of certainty are indicative of evolutionary changes
in these systems. An area of future study is to analyse amongst others the underlying causes that
contribute to the variations observed. To do so requires quality data spanning decades. Results of the
analysis of the appearance of light curves with regards to secondary minima in relation to q and i are
presented as well as improved periods for a selection of 14 stars by making use of SuperWASP data.M.Sc. (Astronomy)Geograph
The Relationship Between Leadership and Rules of Conduct in Instilling Ethical Behaviour: Case of City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality
No full textThis research set out to find out what factors drive the ethical conduct of municipal staff members in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM). The rules of municipalities as well as the conduct of the leaders under which the officials serve directly influence the standard of ethics attainable.
An understanding of what factors influence the choices made by individual officials is imperative for the attainment of a good ethical standard of behaviour. This will assist municipalities like the CTMM to know what drives its staff members to act and behave ethically at their job, especially when dealing with the public.
In this study, a qualitative approach in terms of interviews as a data collection instrument and unobtrusive research techniques was adopted. Staff members from the Human Resource Division and the Operational Division of the Department of Public Works of the CTMM were specifically targeted for the interviews. Responses were obtained online from front desk officers, supervisors, operational managers and human resource managers within the constraints imposed by the Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic restrictions on business operations and the data analysis was coded using ATLAS.Ti. The codes were grouped to extricate the embedded themes and deductions
were made from the evolution of the themes.Public Administration and Managemen
Nitroxide polymer mediated oxidation of cellulose : preparation and applications
Get PDFNo keywords2, 2, 6, 6-Tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl radical (TEMPO) is a stable nitroxyl radical, as well as a highly efficient selective oxidation catalyst. It can efficiently catalyze the selective oxidation of C6 primary hydroxyl groups of cellulose to carboxyl groups in water for the production of oxidized cellulose, which is widely used in a variety of high-tech fields. However, the TEMPO-mediated oxidation system has two major disadvantages: difficulty in separating the catalyst from the aqueous reaction mixture; serious depolymerizaiton of cellulose. In this thesis, TEMPO was loaded onto a polymer carrier with a defined molecular structure to enable TEMPO recycling and reduce the degradation of cellulose.
Firstly, an acrylamide-vinylamine copolymer PVAm-supported TEMPO catalyst (PVAm-T) was designed and developed for selective catalytic oxidation of cellulose. PVAm was prepared by using the Hoffmann degradation of polyacrylamide (PAM) method. The amine groups in the copolymer reacted with the carbonyl groups in 4-oxo-TEMPO to form the catalyst PVAm-T. It was used as a catalyst, instead of free TEMPO, for selective catalytic oxidation of the C6 primary hydroxyl groups of cellulose in water.
The study found that the catalyst has good catalytic performance and a low degree of degradation of cellulose. The carboxyl content of oxidized cellulose was equivalent to 76% of the level of free TEMPO. Furthermore, the catalyst PVAm-T was easy to recycle by dialysis and the recycling performance was excellent. Interestingly, it was found that PVAm-T could effectively reduce the degradation of oxidized cellulose.
Secondly, G1.0 polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers was synthesized by repeated Michael addition method and ester aminolysis of ethylenediamine and methyl acrylate. Through reductive amination reaction of the primary amines in PAMAM and the carbonyl groups in 4-oxo-TEMPO, the water-soluble PAMAM immobilized TEMPO (G1.0 PAMAM-TEMPO) was successfully prepared. A polyethylene glycol monomemethyl ether (mPEG) modified PAMAM-TEMPO catalyst, called mPEG-G1.0 PAMAM-Tx, was prepared by means of reaction of the aldehyde group in mPEG-CHO and the amino group in PAMAM-TEMPO. mPEG-G1.0 PAMAM-Tx was used as a catalyst instead of free TEMPO for the selective catalytic oxidation of primary hydroxyl groups in cellulose to carboxyl groups with water as the reaction medium.
The results showed that the cellulose catalytic performance of mPEG-G1.0 PAMAM-T30 was equivalent to 84% of the level of free TEMPO and that the depolymerization of cellulose was also greatly reduced. Interestingly, the positive charge and suitable size of mPEG-G1.0 PAMAM-Tx effectively reduced the formation of C6 aldehydes and C2/C3 ketones. After extracting the supernatant of the oxidation mixture with dichloromethane, mPEG-G1.0 PAMAM-Tx was recovered and re-used for further oxidation cycles. No significant reduction in catalytic performance was found after four oxidation cycles. Following this process, the applications of TEMPO oxidized cellulose (TOC) were studied. TOC has abundant carboxyl groups and so adsorbs heavy metal ions extremely well. However, TOC has a small particle size and abundant carboxyl groups and is easily dispersed in water, making separation difficult. To address this issue, PAMAM-modified magnetic nanoparticle supported TEMPO catalysts, called Gn PAMAM-Tx-MNP, were prepared and used to prepare the TOC. Gn PAMAM-Tx-MNP and TOC were crosslinked by glutaraldehyde to give a magnetic oxidized cellulose/nano-Fe3O4 composite (TOC-Gn PAMAM-Tx-MNP). TOC-Gn PAMAM-Tx-MNP was applied as an adsorption material to adsorb Pb2+ in water. The adsorption capacity of TOC-Gn PAMAM-Tx-MNP was up to 109 mg/g, i.e. equivalent to that of TOC with the same carboxy content. Furthermore, it was easily recovered by magnetic separation and the cycling performance was good.
4-nitrophenol (4-NP) is a highly toxic compound. Ag nanoparticles prepared with PAMAM as a template (PAMAM-Ag) can achieve the effect of uniform dispersion of Ag nanoparticles and can be used as a catalyst to rapidly transform 4-NP into 4-aminophenol (4-AP). However, re-use is difficult. To address this issue, PAMAM-Ag was covalently attached to TOC by an aldehyde-amine reaction between TOC-containing aldehyde groups and PAMAM-Ag containing amino groups. The TOC immobilized PAMAM-Ag (TOC-PAMAM-Ag) was used to catalyze the reaction of reducing 4-NP to 4-AP. It was found that the imine bonds contained in TOC-PAMAM-Ag were transformed into stable amine bonds in the catalytic reduction process, making TOC-PAMAM-Ag stable. The effect of the catalyst loading amount and carboxyl content was investigated and it was found that increasing the carboxyl content is beneficial in improving catalytic activity. The cyclic catalytic performance was stable, and the catalytic activity remained at a good level after several cycles.Ph. D. (Engineering, Science and Technology)Engineering, Science and Technolog
Nickel selenide-based electrochemical sensors for the determination of Nevirapine drug in wastewater
Get PDFThe occurrence of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) in most water sources in South Africa has been
of major concern over the past decade. Though they have been reported to occur in low
concentrations (low ng/L and µg/L), their increasing concentration poses health risks to
humans, animals, and aquatic organisms. This accelerates the emergence of antiretroviral
resistance. The consequences of these adverse effects on human health are therefore very
concerning. Nevirapine (NVP) is one of the most extensively used ARVs worldwide for the
prevention of mother-to-child transmission and has been often detected in water sources. These
drugs enter water systems in various ways, including incorrect disposal of unused or expired
drugs, via treated or untreated wastewater from the municipality, discharge from hospital
wastewater, effluent from sewage treatment plants and industrial wastewater. Several
chromatographic methods have been employed in its detection in water, but their high costs
and sophisticated nature limit their use in a variety of applications. Very limited research is
available on the electrochemical detection of nevirapine in real wastewater samples, as most
studies present its detection in human serum or pharmaceutical formulations. Therefore, this
work presents the use of novel electrochemical sensor systems for the detection of nevirapine
in real wastewater samples. The electrochemical sensor systems were developed by depositing
functionalised nickel selenide quantum dots (NiSe2QD) onto an L-cysteine or Nafion-modified
gold electrode. The quantum dots were prepared using a simple and cost-effective aqueous
method, capped with banana peel extract (BPE) and 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) to
improve their stability and prevent agglomeration. Microscopic, spectroscopic, and
electrochemical techniques were used to determine the properties of the synthesised quantum
dots. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the capping of 3-MPA NiSe2QD, where the SH group absorption band disappeared from the spectra of 3-MPA NiSe2QD and decrease in intensity for the COOH groups. The increase in intensity and the
shifting of bands to higher wavenumbers were observed for BPE-NiSe2QD. The size of the
quantum dots (˂ 10 nm) was revealed by High-resolution transmission microscopy (HR-TEM)
and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The optical properties of NiSe2QD were studied by
ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), which produced absorbance bands at 331 nm and
329 nm corresponding to energy bandgap values of 3.91 eV and 2.99 eV for 3-MPA and BPE capped NiSe2QD, respectively. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to study the
electrochemical responses of 3-MPA-NiSe2QD/L-cyst/Au and Au/BPE-NiSe2QD/Nafion to
NVP, with a characteristic oxidation peak at 0.76 V. This was performed in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at a scan rate of 30 mV/s. The electrochemical sensors exhibited
enhanced electroactivity, which was attributed to the catalytic effect of the incorporated
quantum dots. This was characterised by the low limit of detection (LOD) values of 0.0035
ng/L and 0.0064 ng/L for 3-MPA-NiSe2QD/L-cyst/Au and Au/BPE-NiSe2QD/Nafion sensors,
respectively. However, the 3-MPA-NiSe2QD/L-cyst/Au electrochemical sensor produced the
best signal with higher a sensitivity of 6.15 µA/pM compared to 5.52 µA/pM for Au/BPE NiSe2QD/Nafion. The oxidation peak current of NVP had a linear range of 0–1.21 pM with a
correlation coefficient of 0.998. The application of both sensors in the determination of
nevirapine in real wastewater samples showed good recoveries in the range of 85%-108%,
which indicates that the sensors are suitable for real-time sample analysis.Chemistr
The impact of educators’ professionalism on learners academic performance at community schools in Gauteng province
No full textM. Ed. (Adult Education)Adult Basic Education (ABET
Evaluating psychological factors in the construction of a retention model for black African teachers
No full textIncludes summary in Afrikaans and isiXhosaThe aim of this study was to develop a psychosocial retention model for Black South African teachers by critically evaluating the relationship dynamics between work engagement, psychological capital, occupational passion and organisational commitment, job satisfaction and human resource retention practices satisfaction. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was used on a convenience sample of Black high school teachers (N = 309) within the Tshwane South District in Gauteng. Correlational statistics supported theoretically expected psychosocial relationship dynamics among the study variables for the envisaged psychosocial retention framework. Mediation statistics indicated psychological capital resources as important intermediary mechanisms for understanding the positive link between participants’ work engagement and their job satisfaction, including their satisfaction with retention practices, but not for the link between their work engagement and organisational commitment. Moderation regression results indicated occupational passion as a psychosocial resource that directly explains higher levels of psychological capital, organisational commitment, job satisfaction and satisfaction with retention practices. Moderated mediation results did not support the assumed strengthening role of occupational passion in the intermediatory processes of participants’ psychological capital resources that elucidated the positive link between work engagement and participants’ job satisfaction and satisfaction with retention practices. Tests for significant mean differences indicated biographical characteristics, such as gender, age and tenure, as being important considerations in the design of retention interventions. The study presents recommendations pertaining to psychological factors that industrial psychologists and human resources professionals may keep in mind in the design of retention interventions for Black South African high school teachers. The empirically manifested psychosocial retention framework extended conservation of resources and retention theory and makes a valuable contribution to the field of Industrial and Organisational Psychology.Injongo yesi sifundo kukuqulunqa indlela yesimo sengqondo sokugcina iititshala ezintsundu zaseMzantsi Afrika, oko kusenziwa ngokuvavanya ubudlelwane phakathi kokusebenza, isimo sengqondo, ukuthanda umsebenzi nokuzinikela kwiziko, ukwaneliseka ngumsebenzi nokwaneliseka yindlela yokugcina abasebenzi. Kwenziwe uhlolo zimvo oluqwalasela izimvo ngokobuninzi kwisampulu elula ekhethwe ngenjongo kwiititshala ezintsundu zezikolo zemfundo ephezulu (N = 309) zesithili iTshwane South District, eGauteng. Amanani aqokelelweyo ayixhasile ingcingane ebilindelekile malunga nemiba yezentlalo nesimo sengqondo ekwakhiweni kwesakhelo sokugcina iititshala. Amanani aqwalaselweyo adize ukuba imithombo yokuxhasa isimo sengqondo ibalulekile ekuqondeni ulwalamano phakathi kokuzinikela emsebenzini nokwaneliseka ngumsebenzi nayindlela abagcinwa ngayo ootitshala, kodwa hayi ulwalamano phakathi kokuzinikela emsebenzini nokuzinikezela kwiziko ekusetyenzwa kulo. Iziphumo zohlalutyo ngokuthelekisa amanani ludize ukuba uthando lomsebenzi lungumthombo wesimo sengqondo nezentlalo kwaye luchaza ulwalamano nqo phakathi kwamanqanaba aphezulu kwesimo sengqondo, ukuzinikezela kwiziko lomsebenzi, ukwaneliseka ngumsebenzi kunye nendlela yokugcina abasebenzi. Iziphumo zothelekiso lwamanani zibuye azaluxhasa ulwamano ebelulindekile malunga noluvo lokuba indima yeenkqubo zongenelelo iyaluqinisa uthando lomsebenzi nesimo sengqondo, nokuba oku kuphinda kwandise ulwalamano oluhle phakathi kokusebenza nokwaneliseka ngumsebenzi kwabo bathathe inxaxheba kwaneendlela zokugcina abasebenzi. Iimvavanyo eziqwalasele umahluko ngokomndilili zidize iimpawu ezifana nesini, ubudala, nobude emsebenzini njengemiba ebalulekileyo xa kuyilwa ungenelelo lokugcina abasebenzi. Esi sifundo sibeka iingcebiso ezimalunga nesimo sengqondo nezinokuthathelwa ingqalelo ziingcali zesimo sengqondo yabasebenzi nezemithombo yomsebenzi engabantu xa ziyila amacebo okugcina iititshala ezintsundu zaseMzantsi Afrika kwizikolo zemfundo ephezulu. Esi sakhelo sokugcina iititshala sisekelwe kubungqina obubonakalayo kwaye sigxile ekugcineni imithombo yokusebenza, ngaphezulu sifake igxalaba kakhulu kwizifundo zesimo sengqondo sabasebenzi nolungelelwaniso lwamaziko ekusetyenzwa kuwo.Die doel van hierdie studie was die ontwikkeling van ’n psigososiale retensiemodel vir swart onderwysers deur die kritiese evaluering van die verhoudingsdinamika tussen werkbetrokkenheid, psigologiese kapitaal, arbeidpassie en organisatoriese toewyding, werksatisfaksie en menslike hulpbronretensiepraktyksatisfaksie. ’n Kwantitatiewe kruisseksie-opname is op ’n gerieflikheidsteekproef van swart hoërskoolonderwysers in die Tshwane-Suiddistrik in Gauteng gebruik (N = 309). Korrelasionele statistiek het teoretiese verwagte psigososiale verhoudingsdinamika onder die studieveranderlikes vir die verwagte psigososiale retensieraamwerk ondersteun. Mediasiestatistiek het sielkundige kapitaalhulpbronne as belangrike intermediêre meganismes aangedui om die positiewe skakel tussen deelnemers se werkbetrokkenheid en hul werksatisfaksie te begryp, insluitend hul satisfaksie met retensiepraktyke, maar nie vir die skakel tussen hul werkbetrokkenheid en organisatoriese toewyding nie. Moderasieregressieresultate het arbeidpassie aangedui as ’n psigososiale hulpbron wat hoër vlakke psigologiese kapitaal, organisatoriese toewyding, werksatisfaksie en tevredenheid met retensiepraktyke direk verduidelik. Gemodereerde mediasieresultate het nie ondesteuning gebied vir die oënskynlike versterkende rol van arbeidpassie vir die tussengangerprosesse van deelnemers se psigologiese kapitaalhulpbronne wat die positiewe skakel tussen werkbetrokkenheid en deelnemers se werksatisfaksie en tevredenheid met retensiepraktyke toegelig het. Toetse vir betekenisvolle gemiddelde verskille het biografiese kenmerke, soos geslag, ouderdom en ampstermyn aangedui as belangrike oorwegings by die ontwerp van retensie-ingrypings. Die studie maak aanbevelings wat betrekking het op psigologiese faktore wat bedryfsielkundiges en menslike hulpbronbeamptes in gedagte kan hou tydens die ontwerp van retensie-intervensies vir swart hoërskoolonderwysers. Die empiriesbewese psigososiale retensieraamwerk het die bewaring van hulpbronne en retensieteorie verleng en lewer ’n waardevolle bydrae tot die veld van bedryf- en organisasiesielkunde.D. Phil. (Psychology)Psycholog
Intimate partner violence anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders among married women in Ethiopia: support intervention strategies
No full textIntroduction
Globally, intimate partner violence is a concern that affects the international rights and
wellbeing of millions of women.
Aim
The study aimed to assess IPV and the association between anxiety, PTSD symptoms,
and IPV perpetration on married women in Ethiopia. Furthermore, support intervention
strategies on IPV and mental health outcomes for married women were developed.
Methodology
The study followed a quantitative research method. The researcher viewed the problem on
a continuum of cross-sectional study design. The study was conducted in a rural area of
Ambo district, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. Married women aged 18-49 years were
selected using a systematic sampling method. An interviewer-administered questionnaire
tailored from a WHO multi-country study on women's health and life events, as well as
PCL-C and BAI scale, was utilized as a data collection instrument.
Results
According to the findings, 34.5% (n=326) of the study participants experienced IPV
considering the past twelve months prevalence. Specifically, psychological violence 25.9%
(n=245), physical violence, 20.8% (n=197), and sexual violence 15.3% (n=145) were
reported by the study participants. Mental health outcome of IPV, 10.2% (n=96) and 11%
(n=104) of the study participants respectively reported anxiety and PTSD symptoms.
The association between anxiety, PTSD symptoms, and IPV perpetration were examined
in this study. Psychological violence, 2.86 (95% CI (1.86- 4.41)), physical violence 2.56
(95% CI (1.63-4.11)) and any form of IPV 2.72 (95% CI (1.77-4.18) predicted anxiety
symptoms. Whereas, the age group from 28-37 years, 2.18 (95% CI (1.07-4.43)) predict a
low level of anxiety. Psychological violence, 2.44 (95% CI 1.60-3.71)), physical violence,
2.23 (95% CI (1.44, 3.46)) and any form of IPV 2.23 (95% CI (1.44- 3.46)) predict an
increased PTSD symptom.
Conclusion and recommendations
This research contributed to developing the support intervention strategies on IPV and
mental health outcomes for married women. The study proposes that supportive
intervention strategies be given at health facilities and the community level.D. Litt. et Phil. (Public Health)Health Studie
An investigation of the effectiveness of technology in open distance learning : a case study of the University of South Africa
No full textDistance education institutions gradually used technology to teach and interact with its diverse student body. University of South Africa (Unisa) has adopted Open Distance and E-learning (ODeL) model to reach students in remote geographical areas. As technology is gaining momentum, the digital divide is a challenge as students experience difficulties in accessing the Internet. The study reviewed the literature from recent sources including books, chapters in books, conference proceedings and journal articles focusing on the effectiveness of technology in ODeL. The study has adopted a qualitative research approach. The study has adopted community of inquiry framework to analyse data gathered from students studying through ODeL. The study used interpretive paradigm which postulates that reality is multi-layered, complex and single phenomenon that can have multiple interpretations. A qualitative research approach with a case study design method was deemed most appropriate for the study; hence, it is holistic in nature. The researcher used purposive sampling strategy to select 12 participants from two Unisa regional offices in the Eastern Cape Province. Semi-structured interviews were used to probe the participants about their perceptions and experiences in using technology. The collected data were analysed using thematic analysis which entails procedure of identifying themes within a qualitative data. The findings indicated that effective use of technology by the students improved communication, students performed better in assignments and did well in examinations and there is high success rate.Afstandsonderriginstellings het geleidelik tegnologie begin gebruik om onderrig te gee en met hulle diverse studentekorps te kommunikeer. Universiteit van Suid-Afrika (UNISA) het Oopafstand- en E-leer-model (ODeL) aanvaar om studente in afgeleë geografiese gebiede te bereik. Soos tegnologie momentum kry, is die digitale kloof ʼn uitdaging aangesien studente probleme ondervind om toegang tot die internet te verkry. Die studie het die literatuur uit onlangse bronne hersien, wat boeke, hoofstukke in boeke, konferensieverrigtinge en joernaalartikels insluit wat op die doeltreffendheid van tegnologie in ODeL fokus. Die studie het ʼn kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering aanvaar. Die studie het interpretatiewe paradigma gebruik wat postuleer dat die werklikheid ʼn veelvlakkige, komplekse en enkele verskynsel is wat veelvuldige interpretasies kan hê. ʼn Kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering met ʼn gevallestudie-ontwerpmetode is as die geskikste vir dié studie geag; daarom is dit holisties van aard. Die navorser het ʼn doelgerigte steekproefnemingstrategie gebruik om 12 deelnemers uit twee UNISA-streekkantore in die Oos-Kaapprovinsie te kies. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gebruik om die deelnemers te ondervra oor hul persepsies en ervaring in die gebruik van tegnologie. Die versamelde data is ontleed met behulp van tematiese analise wat prosedures behels wat temas in kwalitatiewe data identifiseer. Die bevindinge het aangedui dat effektiewe gebruik van tegnologie deur die studente kommunikasie verbeter het, studente het beter presteer in werkopdragte en goed gevaar in eksamens, en daar is ʼn hoë suksessyfer.Amaziko Emfundo Yakude athe chu ukusebenzisa ubuxhakaxhaka bokufundisa nokunxibelelana nabafundi bawo abaziintlobo ngeentlobo. IDyunivesithi yoMzantsi Afrika (Unisa) isebenzisa indlela yokufunda kude nge-Intanethi ebizwa nge-Opheni Disistentsi andi E-leningi (ODeL) ukufikelela kubafundi abakwimimandla ethe qelele. Njengoko kusenyuka ukusetyenziswa kobuxhakaxhaka, iyantlukwano ngobugcisa bobuxhakaxhaka ngumceli mngeni kubafundi kuba kunzima ukungena kwi-Intanethi. Olu phando luye lwaphonononga uncwadi kwimithombo yolwazi yamva nje, efana neencwadi, izahluko ezithile kwiincwadi, iingxoxo zeenkomfa kunye neengxelo zamanqaku apapashiweyo ezijolise kwimpumelelo yokusebenza kobuxhakaxhaka kwi-ODeL. Olu phando lusebenzise indlela yokuqokelela ulwazi ngqo kubathathi-nxaxheba. Kwakhona uphando lusekelwe kwindlela yemfuna-lwazi ejolise kuluntu oluphandwayo, ukuhlalutya ulwazi oluqokelelwe kubafundi abafunda nge-ODeL. Olu phando lusebenzise umzekeliso wokuxela ulwazi onebango lokuba ubukho bento okanye ubunyaniso yinto eneenkalo ezininzi, entsokothileyo enokuthi itolikwe ngeendlela ezohlukeneyo. Indlela yokufuna ulwazi ngqo kubathathi-nxaxheba iyilwe ngokujonga umzekelo othile yaye ibonakale iyeyona ndlela efanele olu phando; njengoko, imo yayo igqibelele. Umphandi uye wasebenzisa iqhinga elijolise ukufumana abathathi-nxaxheba abali-12 abakule meko ngqo besuka kwii-ofisi ezimbini zase-Unisa ezikwiPhondo laseMpuma Koloni. Kuqhutywe iingxoxo nabathathi-nxaxheba ngendlela ebuza imibuzo evalekile naleyo engena nzulu ukuveza izimvo kunye namava abo okusebenzisa ubuxhakaxhaka. Ulwazi oluqokelelweyo luye lwahlalutywa ngokujonga imixholo esisikhokelo senkqubo yokuchonga imixholo equlathwe kwiinkcukacha eziqokelelweyo. Iziphumo zibonisa impumelelo ekusetyenzisweni kobuxhakaxhaka ngabafundi ngoba luye lwaphucuka unxibelelwano, abafundi baye basebenza ngcono kwizifundo zabo nakwiimviwo zabo, kwaye izinga lempumelelo liyancomeka.Ph. D. (Adult Basic Education and Youth Development)Adult Basic Education (ABET