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Media discourse and framing of ethno-political conflicts: a case study of the Oromo Somali groups in South Eastern Ethiopia
No full textThis dissertation explores the framing of violent ethno-political conflicts through media discourse, with a specific focus on the Oromo-Somali (sometimes interchanged as Somali-Oromo conflict, without changing the intention of meaning in the study) conflict in Ethiopia. Employing an exploratory qualitative research design, the study draws on two theoretical frameworks: Galtung's War and Peace Journalism approach, and Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) method. Data for the research were drawn from extracts of 30 African regional and Ethiopian national online news articles published over a period of 17 months, from August 2017 to December 2018. These online news articles were accessed through search engines, thereby making the sampling strategy purposive.
The findings reveal a predominant war discourse/primordial explanation in the media, with a tendency to downplay anti-war narratives. The newspapers present the conflicts in a discriminatory manner utilizing demonizing, victimization, and sensational and escalatory discourses that can exacerbate the violence. Within the media discourse, the two ethnic groups involved are often portrayed as both victims and perpetrators, with a grading system that categorizes them as ―violent villains‖ and ―innocent victims‖. Additionally, there is a notable inclination to place blame on one ethnic group more than the other. Almost all the selected news articles were heavily biased towards the Oromo ethnic faction. The victimization of the Oromo ethnic group was given high priority in the newspapers, which maximized news discourses which are unfavorable to or critical of the Ethiopian Somalis. This unfair representation can further intensify the conflicts and reflects a hegemonic view that serves the interests of a few Oromo political elites and citizens, rather than considering the well-being of the broader population, and the victims from both ethnic groups. The media discourse is skillfully manipulated and exploited by the Oromo to advance their own veiled interests. Furthermore, the newspapers provide superficial narratives of the conflict, lacking in-depth analysis. It is evident that the frames employed by online newspapers do not contribute to peace-building or to the de-escalation of the conflicts. Therefore, this study highlights the pressing need for responsible journalism and unprejudiced reportage to foster peace and reconciliation in
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societies affected by ethno-political conflicts. It reflects the urgent necessity for decolonial approaches and Afro-centric philosophy/African parlance. By adhering to these approaches, the media can play a vital role in addressing a more peaceful and inclusive narrative surrounding such conflicts. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the media's role in such conflicts, the study recommends assessing the reception of media texts by the audience and employing instruments such as questionnaires and interview guides in future studies. Additionally, future research should delve into the editorial policies of newspapers covering conflict and wars in particular.D. Phil.(Sociology)Sociolog
Partial replacement of coarse aggregate in portland cement concrete with Expanded Polystyrene Thermocol (EPT)
Get PDFNormally, non-biodegradable solid waste material produced in South Africa is disposed off through landfilling, intriguingly, the country has limited landfill space and a high demand for affordable solid waste material for use in construction. The demand for affordable material in the construction industry suggest that there is a need to consider the reuse of solid waste materials. This research aimed to evolve lightweight concrete by partially replacing coarse aggregate with Expanded Polystyrene Thermocol (EPT), hence reducing the amount of EPT that goes to landfills while producing concrete with enhanced properties. In this study, EPT was used to partially replace granite aggregate at varying levels: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 50 % by volume of aggregate. The water to cement ratio adopted was 0.58 and the specimens were cured for 7 and 28 days before testing. The effect of EPT on workability, compressive strength, and flexural strength of concrete was determined. Results showed that incorporation of EPT in concrete reduces the compressive and the flexural strength but increases the workability when compared to the control mix (0% EPT replacement). It was observed that when the percentage of EPT is higher, the compressive and flexural strengths were lower with corresponding improvement in workability. The average compressive strength and flexural strength of 50% replacement was 15.43 and 2.22 MPa, respectively, after 28 days, while that for control mix was 38.63 and 3.78 MPa, respectively, a strength reduction of approximately 40%. The heat conductivity at 50% EPT replacement reduced by 34% from normal concrete. Overall, the results show that one way to dispose EPT is to use it in concrete. It is therefore recommended that it is possible to replace 25% of coarse aggregate by EPT for structural concrete while higher percentage replacement can be deemed for non-structural applications.Ngenxa yendawo elinganiselwe yokulahla imfucumfucu eNingizimu Afrika yokulahla imfucuza engaboli kanye nesidingo esikhulu sezinto zokwakha ezithengekayo, kunesidingo esinamandla sokuphinda kusetshenziswe imfucuza eqinile embonini yezokwakha. Lezi zinhloso zocwaningo ziveza ukhonkolo ongasindi ngokufaka ingxenye ehlanganisiwe ye-Expanded Polystyrene Thermocol (EPT), ngaleyo ndlela kwehliswe inani le-EPT eliya ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhiqizwe ukhonkolo onezinto ezithuthukisiwe. Kulolu cwaningo, i-EPT yasetshenziselwa ukufaka ingxenye ye-granite aggregate emazingeni ahlukahlukene: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 kanye no-50 % ngesisindo, ngokulandelana. Isilinganiso sikasimende samanzi esamukelwe singu-0.58 kanti izibonelo zelashwa izinsuku eziyi-7 nezingama-28 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Umphumela we-EPT ekusebenzeni, amandla okucindezela kanye namandla okuguquguquka kwekhonkrithi kwanqunywa. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-EPT kukhonkolo kunciphisa ukucindezela namandla okuguquguqukayo kodwa kwandisa ukusebenza uma kuqhathaniswa nokuxuba kokulawula (i-0% EPT esikhundleni). Kwaphawulwa ukuthi amaphesenti aphezulu e-EPT, aphansi amandla okucindezela nokuguquguquka nokuthuthukiswa okuhambisanayo ekusebenzeni. Amandla acindezelayo amaphakathi namandla aguquguqukayo we-50 % esikhundleni atholwe angu-15.43 no-2.22 MPa ngokulandelana ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-28, kuyilapho leyo yokuxuba kokulawula ingu-38.63 no-3.78 MPa ngokulandelanayo, ukuncipha kwamandla cishe ku-40%. I-conductivity yokushisa ku-50% EPT esikhundleni sehliswe ngo-34% kusuka kukhonkolo evamile. Ngenhloso yokusebenzisa i-EPT kukhonkolo njengendlela yokulahla futhi isenokhonkolo onezinto ezamukelekayo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi kuthathelwe indawo u-25 % wesamba esimahhadla nge-EPT ukuze uthole ukhonkolo wesakhiwo kuyilapho ukushintshwa kwamaphesenti aphezulu kungathathwa njengezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingezona ezesakhiwo.M. Sc. (Construction materials)College of Engineering, Science and Technolog
Topology optimization of mining vehicle tyres
Get PDFTyres that are used on light duty mining vehicles (LDMV’s) are for commercial vehicles that have been designed for higher speeds and used predominantly on-highway tarred road surfaces. Substitute tyres that are more sustainable and meet the criteria for mining environments are not currently attainable for this vehicle class. The objective of this research was to develop a topologically optimal tyre fit for mining conditions. As such, a computer generated topologically optimised tyre that better conforms with the design parameters of a mining vehicle was analysed and proposed using classical mechanics through a model-based systems engineering approach. A commercial tyre with all the constituent geometries and dimensions was modelled using computer aided design (CAD). The inherent vehicle data of vehicle kinematics was used as data inputs and boundary conditions to a finite element model (FEM). The model was then algorithmically analysed and optimised with the embedded software program and tools. The main purpose of topologically optimising the tyre was to reduce driveline stresses and have greater vehicle payload capacity. A proof-of-concept tyre design was developed through this research by substituting currently used pneumatic and foam filled commercial tyres with a topologically optimised tyre generated via a FEA software. The mandate was that such a tyre must conform to the vehicle design parameters of the original equipment manufacturer. The results highlighted that changing the tyre topology would better protect the driveshaft. The obtained results indicated the possibility of meeting the metric requirements of having reduced stresses of driveline components. This included reducing the tyre inertia from 6.15 to 2.28 kg/m2, reducing its mass by approximately 70% and redistributing the stress on the tyre. Furthermore, it is shown that topologically optimizing a tyre can result in a tyre with a very high stiffness and subsequent low deformation (up to 90%) characteristics. These are desirable traits in mining applications.M. Sc. (Mechanical Engineering)College of Engineering, Science and Technolog
Evaluating the implementation of ehealth systems in Ethiopia
No full textText in EnglishEthiopia has launched various eHealth systems, including Electronic Medical Recording (EMR), the District Health Information System (DHIS2), and the Electronic Community Health Information System (eCHIS), among others, to improve healthcare delivery and management. However, the existing systems do not provide the information needed to achieve the intended health outcomes addressed in the Health Sector Transformation Plan. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eHealth system’s implementation in Ethiopia and develop sustainable implementation guidelines to strengthen the health system.
The study setting was public health facilities in the Sidaama region of South Ethiopia. A sequential, exploratory, mixed-method design was employed, and the modified Delphi technique was used to validate the guidelines. In phase one of the study, participants were selected from the Ministry of Health (MOH), regional health bureau (RHB), district health offices, and health facilities using purposive, maximum variation sampling. In phase two, healthcare providers, information technology professionals, and health extension workers were selected from various health facilities using multistage, stratified sampling techniques. In-depth interviews were conducted for phase one, while a questionnaire was employed to collect data for phase two. In phase three the researcher employed the modified Delphi technique to obtain consensus on the proposed guidelines from policymakers, planners, and eHealth experts. Version 9 of Atlas.ti was used to thematically analyse the qualitative data. Conversely, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28 for Windows application was used to analyse the quantitative data.
Results showed a disparity in the implementation of the eHealth system, with the DHIS2 being almost fully implemented (97.9%), while EMR (41.6%) and the eCHIS’s (90%) implementation lagged behind. The themes that emerged from the qualitative phase focused on the current status of eHealth implementation in Ethiopia, the benefits of eHealth, challenges related to eHealth implementation, and facilitators for eHealth implementation.
The findings revealed that the poor delivery and quality of training posed a challenge to eHealth’s implementation. However, there was good awareness and knowledge among healthcare providers regarding the benefits of the eHealth system. Several factors were found to affect eHealth’s implementation in Ethiopia, including a lack of robust infrastructure, inadequate user readiness, insufficient management support and leadership, limited commitment and intersectoral collaboration, inadequate data sharing and integration, behavioural issues, and a lack of data demands at lower levels.
Political willingness, regulatory frameworks, adequate resources and users’ e-readiness will have a positive impact on the implementation of eHealth in low and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. The study assumes that the developed guidelines could expedite the implementation of EMR, the DHIS2, and eCHIS. This would have a positive effect on the sustainable implementation of eHealth and improve healthcare delivery in Ethiopia.Ph. D. (Public Health)Health Studie
An assessment of the processing of crime scenes by detectives in informal settlements in Gauteng
No full textText in English, abstract in English, Afrikaans and TswanaA criminal investigation begins with the processing of the crime scene, which has to be properly protected against any form of contamination to the evidence. The success of a criminal investigation depends on its proper identification, protection, and isolation in order to secure it by restricting access and preventing evidence from being contaminated and destroyed. It is against this backdrop that the study was undertaken with the aim of assessing the processing of serious crime scenes by detectives in informal settlements. It is on the basis of the study’s findings that recommendations were proposed for improved and viable procedures regarding the processing of serious crime scenes in these settlements.
Guided by its preferred constructivist research paradigm, the study adopted a qualitative research approach and its case study design to explore, describe and analyse the applicable trends, patterns and practices/ approaches applied by detectives in the selected informal settlements when processing complex and restricted cases. A non-probability purposive/ judgement sampling strategy was utilised for the selection of a total sample size of 35 participants, comprising 18 SAPS detectives and 15 LCRC members at the selected Gauteng Province Brigadier police stations, as well as two senior international police officers.
Data collection was facilitated by means of semi-structured in-depth interviews which the researched personally conducted with the selected detectives attached to the selected Brigadier police stations, as well as the selected South African Police Service members attached to the selected 4 (four) Local Criminal Record Centre Units in Gauteng Province. Additionally, online interviews were conducted with selected senior detective officers from two African countries experiencing the same problem of processing of serious crime scenes by detectives in informal settlements.
Thematic data analysis and content analysis were applied in the development of the findings, which then revealed the following five themes: training and involvement in processing of serious crime scenes; current method on processing serious crime scenes in suburban-and informal settlement areas; infrastructural-and environmental physical conditions that affect serious crime scenes in suburban- and informal settlement areas; practicality and adequateness of the saps policy on crime scene management in informal settlements; and suggestions for improvement on the effectiveness in processing serious crime scenes in informal settlements.
It was on the basis of these five developed themes that the study developed conceptual standard operational procedure guidelines on the processing of serious crime scenes in informal settlement areas. In the context of the research aim and objectives, these guidelines are viewed as the study’s significant contribution in the field of crime scene processing in informal settlement areas.’n Strafregtelike ondersoek begin met die prosessering van die misdaadtoneel en sodanige misdaadtoneel moet behoorlik teen enige vorm van kontaminasie van bewyse beskerm word. Die sukses van ’n strafregtelike ondersoek hang af van die behoorlike identifikasie, beskerming en isolasie daarvan ten einde dit te beveilig deur toegang te beperk en te voorkom dat bewyse gekontamineer of vernietig word. Dit is teen hierdie agtergrond dat die studie onderneem is met die doel om speurders se prosessering van ernstige misdaadtonele in informele nedersettings te assesseer. Op grond van die studie se bevindinge word aanbevelings gemaak vir verbeterde en haalbare prosedures vir die prosessering van ernstige misdaadtonele in hierdie nedersettings.
Gelei deur sy konstruktiwistiese navorsingsparadigma van voorkeur, het die studie ’n kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering en gevallestudie-ontwerp aangeneem om die toepaslike tendense, patrone en praktyke/benaderings te ondersoek, beskryf en ontleed wat deur speurders in die geselekteerde informele nedersettings toegepas word wanneer hulle komplekse gevalle met beperkte toegang prosesseer. ’n Niewaarskynlikheids- doelbewuste/oordeelsteekproefstrategie is vir die keuse van ’n totale steekproefgrootte van 35 deelnemers gebruik. Die deelnemersteekproef het bestaan uit 18 SAPD speurders en 15 lede van die plaaslike kriminelerekordsentrum (LCRC) van die geselekteerde Gauteng provinsie Brigadier polisiestasies, sowel as twee senior internasionale polisiebeamptes.
Datainsameling is deur middel van semi-gestruktureerde, diepgaande onderhoude gefasiliteer. Die navorser het persoonlik die onderhoude met die geselekteerde speurders van die Brigadier polisiestasies gevoer, sowel as met die geselekteerde Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens-lede verbonde aan die vier (4) gekose plaaslike kriminelerekordsentrum-eenhede in die Gauteng provinsie. Daarbenewens is aanlynonderhoude gevoer met geselekteerde senior speurbeamptes uit twee Afrika-lande wat dieselfde probleem met speurders se prosessering van ernstige misdaadtonele in informele nedersettings ervaar.
Tematiese data-ontleding en inhoudontleding is met die ontwikkeling van die bevindinge toegepas en die volgende vyf temas is blootgelê: opleiding en betrokkenheid by die prosessering van ernstige misdaadtonele; huidige metode in die prosessering van ernstige misdaadtonele in voorstedelike gebiede en informele nedersettings; infrastrukturele en fisiese omgewingstoestande wat ernstige misdaad in voorstedelike gebiede en informele nedersettings affekteer; praktiesheid en voldoendenheid van die SAPD-beleid ten opsigte van misdaadtoneelbestuur in informele nedersettings; en voorstelle vir verbetering van die doeltreffendheid van die prosessering van ernstige misdaadtonele in informele nedersettings.
Dit is op grond van hierdie vyf temas wat ontwikkel is, dat die studie riglyne vir konseptuele, standaard bedryfsprosedures ontwikkel het om ernstige misdaadtonele in informele nedersettings te prosesseer.Patlisiso ya bosenyi e simolola ka go samagana le lefelo la bosenyi, le le tshwanetseng go sirelediwa sentle kgatlhanong le kgotlhelego epe ya bosupi. Katlego ya patlisiso ya bosenyi e ikaegile ka tshupo, tshireletso, le tlhaolo ya lefelo la bosenyi gore le sirelediwe ka go lekanyetsa motsamao le go tila gore bosupi bo kgotlhelege le go senngwa. Ke ka moo go dirilweng thutopatlisiso eno ka maikaelelo a go sekaseka tsela e babatlisisi ba kwa mafelong a baipei ba samaganang le mafelo a bosenyi jo bo tseneletseng ka yona. Go dirilwe dikatlenegiso tsa dithulaganyo tse di botoka le tse di dirisegang malebana le go samagana le mafelo a bosenyi jo bo tseneletseng mo mafelong ano, go ikaegilwe ka diphitlhelelo tsa thutopatlisiso.
E kaelwa ke pharataeme e e itlhophetsweng ya kago, thutopatlisiso e tsere molebo wa patlisiso ya khwalitatifi le thadiso ya yona ya thutopatlisiso ya tobiso go tlhotlhomisa, go tlhalosa le go lokolola mekgwa e e maleba, dipaterone le ditiragatso/melebo e e diriswang ke babatlisisi mo mafelong a a tlhophilweng a baipei fa ba samagana le dikgetse tse di marara le tse di nang le ditekanyetso. Go dirisitswe togamaano ya go tlhopha sampole e e sa neeleng batsayakarolo seabe se se tshwanang go tlhopha sampole ya batsayakarolo ba le 35, e le babatlisisi ba SAPS ba le 18 le ditokololo tsa LCRC di le 15 kwa diteišeneng tsa sepodisi tsa Porofense ya Gauteng, gammogo le batlhankedibagolwane ba sepodisi ba boditšhabatšhaba ba le babedi.
Kokoanyo ya datha e dirilwe ka dipotsolotso tse di tseneletseng tse di dirilweng ke mmatlisisi ka boene le babatlisisi ba ba kwa diteišeneng tse di tlhophilweng tsa mapodisi, gammogo le ditokololo tse di tlhophilweng tsa Tirelo ya Sepodisi sa Aforikaborwa tse di kwa Diyuniting tse nne (4) tsa Tikwatikwe ya Direkoto tsa Bosenyi tsa Selegae tse di tlhophilweng kwa Porofenseng ya Gauteng. Go tlaleletsa foo, go nnile le dipotsolotso tsa mo maranyaneng le batlhankedibagolwane ba dipatlisiso ba le babedi go tswa kwa dinageng di le pedi tsa Aforika tse di itemogelang bothata jo bo tshwanang le jo jwa babatlisisi ba ba samaganang le mafelo a bosenyi jo bo tseneletseng mo mafelong a baipei.
Go dirisitswe tokololo ya datha ka merero le tokololo ya diteng go bona diphitlhelelo, tse di senotseng merero e metlhano e e latelang: katiso le go nna le seabe mo go samaganeng le mafelo a bosenyi jo bo tseneletseng; mekgwa ya ga jaana ya go samagana le mafelo a bosenyi jo bo tseneletseng mo metsesetoropong le mo mafelong a baipei; seemo sa mafaratlhatlha le tikologo se se amang mafelo a bosenyi jo bo tseneletseng mo metsesetoropong le mo mafelong a baipei; nonofo ya pholisi ya SAPS e e malebana le tsamaiso ya lefelo la bosenyi mo mafelong a baipei; le ditshitshinyo malebana le tokafatso ya nonofo ya go samagana le mafelo a bosenyi jo bo tseneletseng mo mafelong a baipei.
Go lebeletswe merero eno e metlhano e e tlhamilweng, thutopatlisiso e tlhamile tsamaiso e e rileng ya tiro e e malebana le go samagana le mafelo a bosenyi jo bo tseneletseng mo mafelong a baipei. Mo bokaelong jwa maikaelelo a patlisiso, kaedi eno e tsewa e le kakgelo ya botlhokwa ya thutopatlisiso mo lephateng la go samagana le mafelo a bosenyi mo mafelong a baipei.D. Lit. Phil (Police Science)Police Practic
Search for heavy Majorana or Dirac neutrinos and right-handed W gauge bosons in final states with charged leptons and jets in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textAbstract
A search for heavy right-handed Majorana or Dirac neutrinos
N
R
and heavy right-handed gauge bosons
W
R
is performed in events with energetic electrons or muons, with the same or opposite electric charge, and energetic jets. The search is carried out separately for topologies of clearly separated final-state products (“resolved” channel) and topologies with boosted final states with hadronic and/or leptonic products partially overlapping and reconstructed as a large-radius jet (“boosted” channel). The events are selected from pp collision data at the LHC with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb
-
1
collected by the ATLAS detector at
s
=
13
TeV. No significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions are observed. The results are interpreted within the theoretical framework of a left-right symmetric model, and lower limits are set on masses in the heavy right-handed
W
R
boson and
N
R
plane. The excluded region extends to about
m
(
W
R
)
=
6.4
TeV for both Majorana and Dirac
N
R
neutrinos at
m
(
N
R
)
<
1
TeV.
N
R
with masses of less than 3.5 (3.6) TeV are excluded in the electron (muon) channel at
m
(
W
R
)
=
4.8
TeV for the Majorana neutrinos, and limits of
m
(
N
R
)
up to 3.6 TeV for
m
(
W
R
)
=
5.2
(5.0) TeV in the electron (muon) channel are set for the Dirac neutrinos. These constitute the most stringent exclusion limits to date for the model considered
Socioemotional life skills needed for high school learners back to school after COVID-19 lockdown
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has not been eliminated, but changes over time into different variants such as omicron which is just an indication that COVID-19 is still with us. In South Africa, after learners resumed the face-to-face learning in schools, the Department of Health stated that the coronavirus situation decreased in terms of admitted people, quotidian victims and mortality. Therefore, the wearing of masks for people in public spaces including learners in schools was lifted. This can increase the risk of learners getting infected by the virus. The aim of this study was to discover learners‟ challenges in applying the socio-emotional life skills to deal effectively with the COVID-19 new normal. This study utilised a case study qualitative research approach within the interpretive paradigm. It used purposeful sampling including 42 participants selected within three high schools. Data was gathered through semi-structured individual and focus group interviews and then, thematic analysis was used for data analysis. The findings showed that learners lost interpersonal skills talking to someone face-to-face. They may not be used to changes that were implemented during the COVID-19 lockdown such as keeping social distancing. Some learners do not attend classes which make it difficult for teachers to provide them with support. Furthermore, many learners do not realise the trauma that they went through during COVID-19 lockdown. Therefore, this study emphasised the importance of a School-Based Support Team in a school. The School-Based Support Team identifies and assesses learning barriers and then plans for addressing those barriers for learners to manage the new normal of COVID-19. This study recommends parental involvement to assist teachers to improve support for learners to control the COVID-19 new normal. The CAPS for life orientation would insert a provision for COVID-19 in its curriculum and separate the physical education as a stand-alone school subject. The researcher would recommend that a longer period with more participants would shed more light for this research. The researcher also would recommend this study to address other future pandemics of the same nature.M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)Psychology of Educatio
Psychological trauma among mothers with preterm babies in the eastern region of Ghana: exploring lived experiences, sociocultural drivers and coping mechanisms
No full textAbstract in English, Northern Sotho and XhosaMothers who give birth to preterm babies do so prior to the completion of the typical gestational period of approximately 9 months. Most studies in Ghana focus on the physical medical conditions and complications that such mothers and their babies face, while paying little attention to the psychological and sociocultural experiences of the mothers concerned. The purpose of the study was to explore the lived psychological trauma and sociocultural challenges experienced by mothers of preterm babies in the Eastern Region of Ghana. The specific objectives were to explore experiences of lived psychological distress, examine the sociocultural issues involved, understand the coping mechanisms employed, and describe the mothering experiences of mothers of preterm babies in the Eastern Region of Ghana. This study was guided by the Maternal Adaptation Theory and the Middle Range Theory of Traumatic Childbirth. I adapted the qualitative case study design to conduct in-depth, semi-structured interviews among 22 mothers who had given birth to preterm babies. The results from a thematic analysis showed that the mothers forming part of the study experienced traumatic and unanticipated psychological distress and neglect due to absent or inadequate support systems. Additionally, mothers expressed that they coped using multiple strategies, such as religious, avoidance, cognitive, and behavioural techniques at the individual, social, and professional levels. Based on their experiences, mothers constructed their mothering of preterm babies as an impromptu role and a traumatic one. The study concludes that the experiences of mothers with preterm babies are complex and will require multidisciplinary and culturally sensitive approaches to care and policies in this area. The study recommends that the health system strengthen preterm mother support groups, encourage active family and male partner involvement in caregiving, and improve preterm birth awareness to reduce social stigma.Oomama ababeleka iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha benza njalo ngaphambi kokugqiba ixesha eliqhelekileyo lokukhulelwa elimalunga neenyanga ezili9. Uninzi lophandolwazi eGhana lujolise kwiimeko zonyango neengxaki abahlangabezana nazo oomama abakule meko kunye neentsana zabo, ngelixa lunikela ingqalelo encinci kumava angokwasengqondweni nentlalontle yoomama abachaphazelekayo. Injongo yolu phandolwazi ibikukuphonononga amava okungxwelerheka kwengqondo kunye nemingeni yentlalontle abahlangabezana nayo oomama beentsana zangaphambi kwexesha kuMmandla oseMpuma yeGhana. Iinjongo ezingqalileyo ibikukuphonononga amava aphilayo oxinzelelo lwengqondo, ukuhlola imiba
yezentlalontle ebandakanyekayo, ukuqonda iindlela ezisetyenziswayo zokuhlangabezana nale meko, kunye nokuchaza amava okuba ngoomama beentsana zangaphambi kwexesha kuMmandla oseMpuma yeGhana. Olu phandolwazi lukhokelwa yingcingane iMaternal Adaptation Theory kwakunye neMiddle Range Theory of Traumatic Childbirth. Ndisebenzise uyilo lwesifundo ngomzekelo lophandontyilazwi ukuqhuba udliwanondlebe olunzulu, olucwangciswe mayane noomama abangama22 ababeleke iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha. Iziphumo ezivela kuhlalutyontyilazwi lomongo zibonise ukuba oomama abayinxalenye yolu phandolwazi baye bafumana uxinzelelo lwengqondo ngokungahoywa okungalindelekanga ngenxa yokungabikho okanye ukunqongophala kweenkqubo zenkxaso. Ukongeza, oomama bavakalise ukuba baye bahlangabezane nale mingeni ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi, ezifana nenkolo, ukuphepha, ingqiqo, kunye neendlela zokuziphatha kumanqanaba omntu, ezentlalo,
kunye nezobungcali. Ngokusekelwe kumava abo, oomama baye bakubhekisa ukuba ngoomama beentsana zangaphambi kwexesha njengendima eliqubuliso neyeyona nto ingxwelerhekisayo. Olu phandolwazi luqukumbela ukuba amava oomama beentsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kwexesha anzima kwaye aya kufuna iindlela zeenkalo neenkcubeko ezininzi zokukhathalela lo mngeni kunye nemigaqonkqubo kule nkalo. Olu phandolwazi lucebisa ukuba inkqubo yezempilo iphucule amaqela enkxaso enikezwa oomama beentsana zangaphambi kwexesha, ukukhuthaza ukubandakanyeka kosapho neqabane eliyindoda ekunakekeleni usana, kunye nokuphucula ulwazi lokuzalwa kweentsana ngaphambi kwexesha ukuze kuncitshiswe ukubekwa ibala luluntu.Bomma bao ba belegago masea pele ga nako ba dira se pele ga lebakanako la bona la tlwaelo la boimana la dikgwedi tše di ka bago tše 9. Bontši bja dinyakišišo tša ka Ghana di nepišitše go seemo sa mmeleng sa tša kalafo le go hlakahlakana fao bomma le masea a bona ba lebanego le gona, mola ka go le lengwe ba efa šedi ye nnyane go maitemogelo a tša menagano le tša
setšo sa setšhaba. Maikemišetšo a dinyakišišo tše e bile go lekola mathata a kgatelelokgolo ya menagano le a setšo sa setšhaba tšeo bomma ba masea ao a belegwego pele ga nako ba itemogelago ona ka Seleteng sa Bohlabela sa Ghana. Maikemišetšo a itšego a bile go lekola maitemogelo a kgatelelokgolo ya monagano yeo ba kopanego le yona, go lekodišiša mathata a setšo sa setšhaba ao a amegago, go kwešiša mekgwa ya go kgona go phela ka seemo se yeo e
dirišwago, le go hlaloša maitemogelo a go hlokomela masea a bomma bao ba belegego masea pele ga nako ka Seleteng sa Bohlabela sa Ghana. Dinyakišišo tše di hlahlilwe ke Teori ya Tlwaelo ya Bomma le Teori ya Legato la Bogareng ya Pelego ya Lesea ya Kgatelelokgolo ya Monagano. Ke dirišitše tlhamo ya mokgwa wa dinyakišišo tša boleng go dira dipotsološo tše di tseneletšego, tša go nyaka mabaka a bao ba botšišwago dipotšišo gareng ga bomma ba 22 bao ba belegego masea pele ga nako. Dipoelo fo tšwa go tshekatsheko ya merero di laeditše gore bomma bao ba bopago karolo ya dinyakišišo ba itemogetše kgatelelokgolo ya monagano ye e šiišago le yeo e sego ya emelwa le go hlokomologwa ka lebaka la go hlokega goba la tlhaelelo ya mananeo a thekgo. Godimo ga fao, bomma bai le ba laetša gore bai le ba kgona go phela ka seemo se ka go šomiša mekgwa ye mentši, ya go swana le mekgwa ya sedumedi, ya go efoga, ya mogopolo, le ya maitshwaro maemong a motho, a setšhaba, le a sephrofešenale. Go ya ka maitemogelo a bona, bomma bai le ba hloma mošomo wa bona wa go hlokomela masea bjalo ka mošomo wa sewelo wa ka pejana le wa go ba le kgatelelo ye kgolo. Dinyakišišo
di fetša ka gore maitemogelo a bomma bao ba belegego masea pele ga nako a hlakahlakane ebile a tla hloka mekgwa ya makala a mantši le yeo e hlokometšego setšo kudu mabapi le tlhokomelo le melawana mo lefelong le. Dinyakišišo di šišinya gore tshepedišo ya tša maphelo e maatlafatše dihlopha tša thekgo ya bomma bao ba belegego masea pele ga nako, ba hlohleletše go kgatha tema ka mafolofolo ga ba lapa le molekane wa monna ka tlhokomelong, le ka go kaonafatšeng ga temošo ya pelego ya masea pele ga nako ka nepo ya go fokotša kgobošo ye ya setšhabeng.Ph. D. (Psychology)Psycholog
Threads of memory: memory as storytelling and narratives in selected cinematography and art
No full textText in EnglishThis study investigated the interwoven relationship between memory and narratives, specifically focusing on the processes involved in the consolidation, storage and retrieval of episodic memories. This research also interrogated the reconstruction process of memories using a combination of accurate information and information from the individual’s knowledge base (or even fabricated information). Furthermore, this study explored closely related topics that include the nature of narratives and literature that addresses memory through storytelling and narratives. And finally, it discussed storytelling and narratives, through the lens of visual media, focusing on film and art objects.
The principal questions addressed in this research were: How are the gaps in memory reconstruction filled in? What influences the information used? How is this applied to narrative construction? Succeeding questions address the visual devices and strategies used in selected cinematography and artworks that portray or address memory, and how fictional narratives relate to autobiographical narratives.
This qualitative study followed a practice-led methodology. The theoretical framework and relevant themes of the study were informed by a literature review. This is accompanied by a creative body of work consisting of stop frame animation, videography, photography and a catalogue curated to form a cohesive online exhibition. The reciprocity between the theoretical and the practical elements of this study emphasised the thread of memory through life. Conclusions were drawn through the literary analysis and the comparison between selected theorists and artworks, using the theoretical framework and literature review.M. Mus. (Visual Arts)Art and Musi
Optimal investment problem under disordered asset return
No full textIn this dissertation, we study the portfolio optimisation problem
of an investor who has only the observable information on the
stock price dynamics. In particular, we consider the stock price
dynamics whose drift changes abruptly at some stochastic point
in time τ , where τ is an exponential random variable such that
P(τ = 0) = π and P(τ > t|τ > 0) = e−λt. Unfortunately, under
normal circumstances (with no inside information) the investor
cannot actually see when the change occurs. The only information
available is the noisy time-series of the stock price. To be
able to study this problem, we employ the theory of stochastic
filtering and the martingale method, which enables us to characterise
the optimal investment strategy under partial information.
Furthermore, we perform numerical analysis when the investor’s
preference is described by three special cases of utility functions:
power, logarithmic and exponential. It is found that the posterior
probability has an inverse relationship with the optimal investment
strategy in all three utility cases. Finally, we provide the
concluding remarks and possible future directions.M. Sc. (Operations Research)Operations Researc