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XXII ASAP FORUM – Day 1: Leading the Servitization Journey
Get PDFThe session “Understanding and guiding servitisation” of the XXII ASAP Forum explored how manufacturing companies can manage the transition towards service-oriented business models in an increasingly complex economic, technological, and regulatory environment. Through the joint contributions of academic researchers and industry practitioners, the session highlighted servitisation as a systemic transformation affecting business models, organisational structures, sustainability strategies, regulatory compliance, and skills.
The discussion on Everything-as-a-Service (XaaS) business models, illustrated through the Stulz case, showed how advanced servitisation enables long-term value creation by shifting the focus from product sales to usage and performance-based offerings. While these models offer economic, relational, and environmental benefits, they require significant organisational change, new capabilities, and a gradual implementation strategy to overcome market resistance and internal barriers.
The ABB case demonstrated the importance of integrating economic and environmental impact assessment when designing and selling Product–Service Systems. By combining Total Cost of Ownership and Life Cycle Assessment, the proposed model supports more informed customer decisions and strengthens service-based value propositions, while highlighting the need for robust data and a broader, multi-stakeholder perspective.
The session also addressed corporate resilience in the face of regulatory change, focusing on the EU Data Act through the Tetra Pak case. The findings showed that proactive regulatory management, supported by cross-functional coordination and data governance, can transform compliance requirements into opportunities for innovation, competitive advantage, and enhanced digital services.
Finally, the Scandicar case highlighted skills as a critical enabler of servitisation, particularly in the automotive sector. The analysis revealed growing skill gaps, the central role of soft and digital skills, and increasing challenges in attracting and retaining qualified personnel. Addressing these challenges requires a holistic approach centred on employee experience, inclusive leadership, and continuous capability development.
Overall, the session underscored that successful servitisation depends on integrating business model innovation, sustainability, regulatory readiness, and human capital development, positioning services as a key driver of resilience and long-term competitiveness
La sfida ai costruttori di macchine: vendere impianti o reggere l’urto del pay per use. La servitizzazione secondo MICS
No full textDevelopment of a Subject-Specific Finite Element Framework for the Ankle Based on Gait Analysis
No full textAnkle injuries are common due to the joint’s role in weight-bearing and dynamic motion. Finite element method (FEM) has become a valuable tool for understanding joint biomechanics and planning clinical interventions. However, many existing models are limited by static simulations, simplified geometry, or generalised approaches that do not focus specifically on the talus-tibial joint. This study presents a subject-specific FEM framework of the ankle, integrating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and gait data from a healthy 49-year-old male. The tibia and talus were reconstructed from MRI and cartilages were modeled using a custom method to compensate for limitations in image resolution. Kinematic data was collected using the Xsens motion capture system and applied to a dynamic FEM developed in Abaqus. The model yielded contact pressures between 1.2 and 21.8 MPa and maximum von Mises stresses up to 5.7 MPa. The stress distribution was predominantly lateral, consistent with known biomechanical patterns. This framework allows realistic simulation of ankle mechanics and provides a basis for assessment of pathological conditions and surgical planning. Future work will incorporate ground reaction force data to further improve the physiological accuracy of the simulations
Data-driven Model Predictive Control strategies for blood glucose regulation in Artificial Pancreas
Get PDFL'obiettivo di questa tesi è quello di sviluppare algoritmi di controllo per la gestione dei livelli di glicemia nel sangue dei pazienti diabetici di tipo 1, basati sui dati del paziente, in modo da ottenere algoritmi personalizzati e creare dispositivi sempre più autonomi. Nello specifico, viene utilizzato il Model Predictive Control (MPC) come algoritmo di controllo, basato sulla CHoKI (Componentwise Holder Kinky Inference) come metodo di apprendimento basato sui dati.
Nella tesi sono presentati diversi tipi di CHoKI-based MPC, con strutture diverse e tutti sono stati testati sui pazienti virtuali del simulatore UVA/Padova, accettato dall'FDA per gli studi preclinici.
I risultati sono soddisfacenti, in quanto i vari controllori proposti sono in grado di ridurre i tempi in ipoglicemia (ovvero quando i valori di glicemia sono inferiori a 70 mg/dL), vista la sua pericolosità nel breve periodo.The objective of this thesis is to develop control algorithms for managing blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetic patients, which are based on patient data, in order to obtain personalized algorithms and to create increasingly autonomous devices. Specifically, Model Predictive Control (MPC) is used as the control algorithm, based on the CHoKI (Componentwise Holder Kinky Inference) as a data-driven learning method.
The thesis presents different types of CHoKI-based MPC, with different structures, all of which have been tested on virtual patients in the UVA/Padova simulator, accepted by the FDA for preclinical studies.
The results are satisfactory, as the various controllers proposed are able to reduce the time spent in hypoglycemia (i.e., when blood glucose levels are below 70 mg/dL), given its short-term danger
No Coincidence, George: Capacity Limits in Cognitive Processing Reflect the Curse of Generalization
No full textThe striking constraints of some human cognitive processes stand in stark contrast to the near
limitless capability of others. While we can acquire and flexibly use vast amounts of
information, the amount we can process at any one time is often stiflingly limited: for example
the number of items we can hold in working memory or the number of tasks that can be
performed at once. Here, we integrate ideas from information-theory, cognitive science, and
neuroscience to offer a unified account of why processing is often so limited. We argue that
this reflects a fundamental tradeoff between generalization —how effectively existing
representations can be used in novel settings— and how many distinct representations can be
processed in parallel. Representations that best promote strong forms of generalization — a
characteristically human cognitive strength — come at the expense of surprisingly strict limits
in the number of items that can be processed at once, an equally characteristic human
weakness. We refer to this as the “curse of generalization.” We formulate this first in
information-theoretic terms, and then in process models, including a neural network model
of classic tasks used to demonstrate strict limits in human processing capacity. This tension
offers a potential explanation for a range of phenomena — from performance on the tasks on
which we focus, to representational learning and skill acquisition more broadly — as well as the
performance of modern machine learning architectures that exhibit generalization capabilities
comparable to humans
Non-Paradoxes of Set Theory and the Diagonal Method
No full textThe requirement for axiomatic set theory rests on the belief that the unrestricted comprehension of sets can result in sets that are paradoxical and therefore unrestricted comprehension needs to be tamed. Some key paradoxes of Burali-Forti, Russell and Cantor are examined and shown not to be paradoxes. Additionally, a common technique known as the diagonal method is shown to never construct a contradictory sequence. Then it is shown that any infinite set can be placed in a bijection with its power set by explicitly constructing a bijection and that the real numbers and natural numbers have the same cardinality. Finally, semantic diagonal techniques are considered with particular reference to Godel's incompleteness theorem and the halting problem
Nel silenzio del Calvario. Hans Memling tra contemplazione e devozione
No full textAnalisi e ricostruzione del Trittico di Jan Crabbe di Hans Memlin
Politiche urbanistiche, co-design e governance dei territori montani
No full textNegli ultimi due decenni, il rapporto tra città e montagna ha assunto una nuovacentralità nel dibattito sull’urbanistica e la pianificazione territoriale. La pandemiadi Covid-19, il cambiamento climatico e la crisi dei modelli produttivi tradizionalihanno reso evidente come le categorie dicotomiche di “urbano” e “rurale”, “centro”e “margine”, “pianura” e “montagna” non siano più in grado di descrivere la complessitàdelle relazioni territoriali contemporanee.In particolare, nel contesto lombardo e alpino, si osserva una crescente interdipendenzatra aree metropolitane e territori montani. Le dinamiche di pendolarismo,la diffusione dello smart working, la digitalizzazione dei servizi e la ricerca di qualitàambientale hanno modificato profondamente le forme dell’abitare e del produrre,ridefinendo le gerarchie territoriali. La montagna, fuori dagli stereotipi delluogo di fuga o di turismo stagionale, rappresenta una parte integrante di un sistemaurbano policentrico e reticolare, in cui si sperimentano nuove forme di cittadinanzaterritoriale e di innovazione locale. La riflessione qui condotta si propone di analizzare tali processi attraverso una duplicelente: da un lato, la prospettiva teorica che ripensa le categorie di urbanità emontanità alla luce della società urbana totale; dall’altro, la prospettiva operativache considera il co-design e la governance multiscalare come strumenti per affrontarela complessità delle aree montaneOver the last two decades, the relationship between cities and mountains has taken on a new centrality in the debate on urban planning and spatial planning. The Covid-19 pandemic, climate change and the crisis in traditional production models have made it clear that the dichotomous categories of “urban” and “rural”, “centre” and “periphery”, “plain” and “mountain” are no longer capable of describing the complexity of contemporary territorial relationships. In particular, in the Lombardy and Alpine contexts, there is a growing interdependence between metropolitan areas and mountain territories. Commuting dynamics, the spread of smart working, the digitalisation of services and the search for environmental quality have profoundly changed the ways in which we live and produce, redefining territorial hierarchies. The mountains, beyond the stereotypes of a place of escape or seasonal tourism, are an integral part of a polycentric and networked urban system, where new forms of territorial citizenship and local innovation are being experimented with. The discussion aims to analyse these processes through a dual lens: on the one hand, the theoretical perspective that rethinks the categories of urbanity and mountainity in the light of the total urban society; on the other, the operational perspective that considers co-design and multi-scale governance as tools for addressing the complexity of mountain areas
L’ἐξαίφνης tra tempo ed essere. Heidegger, Platone e Parmenide
No full textLa questione dell’unità molteplice dell’essere, ereditata da Aristotele, spinge Heidegger a interpretare il 'Parmenide' di Platone. Nel concetto di ἐξαίφνης che si trova in questo dialogo egli scorge la chiave di volta per comprendere non soltanto la possibilità del χωρισμός e della κοινωνία di cui parla Platone, ma anche il tempo quale senso dell’essere in generale. Se ne appropria pertanto per descrivere l’attimo dell’esistenza autentica dell’esserci e dell’apparire dell’essere, che si sottrae.The question of the manifold unity of Being, inherited from Aristotle, leads Heidegger to interpret Plato’s 'Parmenides'. In the concept of ἐξαίφνης, in particular, he discovers the key for understanding not only the possibility of the Platonic concepts of χωρισμός and κοινωνία, but also time as the sense of Being in general. He employs it, therefore, to describe the instant of the authentic existence of being-there and the revealing of the withdrawing Being