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Agonismo sportivo, attività economica e diritto dell’Unione Europea (Competitiveness, economic activity and EU Law)
No full textIn the national legal context, the qualification of a sports activity as competitive requires careful
consideration and solid conceptual exercise, due to the inherently fluid and polysemous nature
of the term. Conversely, from the perspective of European Union law, the notion of competitiveness
is largely irrelevant. Under Union law, what matters is solely the qualification of
the sports activity as an economic activity, or at least as a cross-border activity, regardless of
the categories used at the national level (professional, amateur, elite, etc.). That said, if the
qualification of a particular activity as competitive aims or results in reserving the exercise of
certain activities to sports federations, thereby excluding third parties from market access,
such restrictions could conflict with the rules of the Union’s internal market. The regulatory
autonomy granted to sports federations must, in fact, be exercised within a framework of procedural
and substantive rules that are clear, objective, transparent, non-discriminatory, and
established ex ante, in order to prevent abuses of dominant position and ensure adequate levels
of accountability and control in their decisions
Hybrid High-order formulations with turbulence modelling capabilities for incompressible flow problems
Full text linkWe propose a Hybrid High-Order (HHO) formulation of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, that is well suited to be employed for the simulation of turbulent flows. The spatial discretization relies on hybrid velocity and pressure spaces and the temporal discretization is based on Explicit Singly Diagonal Implicit Runge-Kutta (ESDIRK) methods. The formulation possesses some attractive features that can be fruitfully exploited when high-fidelity computations are required, namely: pressure-robustness, conservation of volume enforced cell-by-cell up to machine precision, robustness in the inviscid limit, implicit high-order accurate time stepping with local time step adaptation, reduced memory footprint thanks to static condensation of both velocity and pressure, possibility to exploit inherited p-multilevel solution strategies to improve performance of iterative solvers. After demonstrating the relevant properties of the scheme in practice, performing challenging 2D and 3D test cases, we consider the simulation of the Taylor--Green Vortex flow problem at Reynolds 1600
Hydrogen impact on gas turbine operating flexibility in simple and combined cycle mode
Full text linkThis study addresses two topical issues: carbon-free power production, on the one hand, and secure and reliable energy supply on the other hand. Undeniably, to integrate increasing shares of renewables into sustainable and competitive electricity systems, “capacity mechanisms”, i.e., a range of solutions aimed at ensuring adequate power capacity, are needed. Clean, dispatchable power generation is one such solution. Specifically, gas turbines fed by green fuels such as hydrogen can be scheduled to provide power when the contribution from solar and wind sources is not enough to meet the demand or in challenging situations, even for a few hours per year. With the idea of retrofitting existing gas turbine (GT) plants to hydrogen combustion, a thermodynamic model was developed by means of Thermoflex® software in a dual context: peaking, with a small, simple-cycle (SC) GT or “load-following”, with a large size combined cycle (CC) with 1 × 1 configuration. In both cases, ad hoc control strategies were implemented to increase thermal efficiency (η) at partial load. Simulations were run on an hourly basis to meet the prescribed load profiles at representative locations, for two typical hot and cold days: computations were carried out assuming 100% hydrogen as fuel, for comparison against conventional natural gas (NG), given the same GT output requirement and environmental condition. This study's novelty stems from these constraints.
The results show that replacing NG with hydrogen combines obvious decarbonization with increases in net power (Pn) and net efficiency (ηn), the magnitude of which depends on the off-design control strategy, which in turn is a function of the GT operating environment. Overall, the largest increase in ηn was quantified at about 0.6 percentage points (pp). Furthermore, the combustor shifted towards leaner conditions so that the maximum cycle temperature does not exceed that with the conventional fuel
Are Digital Finance Markets Inclusive? Evidence From Equity Crowdfunding Investors
Full text linkDigital finance promises to reduce barriers in financial markets, yet its inclusiveness remains uncertain. This paper examines individual investors in equity crowdfunding (ECF) using data from 20,209 registered users on Italy's largest ECF platform. We analyze gender, age, location and ethnicity in investment decisions. Our findings challenge traditional finance views: women and ethnic minorities invest more and in larger amounts, while younger individuals invest less, contradicting assumptions about digital finance appealing to youth. No significant differences emerge between rural and metropolitan investors, suggesting that digital access alone does not eliminate geographic barriers
Postural control in children with obesity: a cross-sectional comparison with normal-weight peers
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The Need for Refined Effective Regurgitant Orifice Area Cutoff Values to Define Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation
No full textTelemedicina e assistenza geriatrica agli anziani nelle aree interne: il caso dell’AULSS 1 Dolomiti di Belluno
No full textThis article presents the results of a case study on a telemedicine service implemented by Belluno Hospital’s geriatrics department at a nursing home in a mountainous location. It highlights the challenges involved in caring for elderly people who are unable to care for themselves in disadvantaged areas. Drawing on observations of the service, organisational documentation, and 16 indepth interviews with all relevant stakeholders, the analysis discusses the added value of the service for guests and nursing home operators. It also considers the preconditions and challenges of using telemedicine to reduce care inequalities for nonselfsufficient elderly people in remote areas
Design and Evaluation of a Mobile Application for Real-Time Monitoring of Physical Exercises in Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation
No full textThis paper presents the design and preliminary evaluation of a mobile application developed to support home-based rehabilitation for patients recovering from cardiac surgery. The application uses the smartphone’s built-in RGB camera in conjunction with MediaPipe’s pose landmark detection to track body articulations and monitor exercise execution. A rule-based approach, driven by landmark positions, was implemented to evaluate user poses during the exercises. Based on this evaluation, the system tracks progression through a predefined sequence of states that represent correct execution. This method enables automatic repetition counting and the detection of common execution errors. Real-time visual and auditory feedback is provided, effectively simulating a virtual coach that guides patients through their rehabilitation routines. The application was tested with a specific rehabilitation exercise and demonstrated good reliability in both repetition counting and error detection. Although some limitations related to depth estimation by the smartphone camera were observed, the system shows promise as an accessible tool for guided rehabilitation, without the need for specialized equipment or clinical supervision, and has the potential to enhance patient engagement and adherence to rehabilitation protocols
