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The Gentrification walking tour of Peckham (More-Than-Human-Mappings)
Get PDFThe Gentrification walking tour of Peckham prevents an overview of historical spaces which have been occupied by the Black community over a significant period between 1960-1990. The most recent walking tours (2023) supported the ‘Rights in Focus Conference’, National Youth Theatre play ‘Gone Too Far’, and UAL’s ‘Portraits of Peckham exhibition’. Each space presents the human occupants as pioneers. The skills and knowledge which they brought to the UK as immigrants from the Windrush generation, leaves the community with an impactful heritage and legacy. The walking tours are shaped by Participatory Action Research. One of the most prominent methods for data collection is the Caribbean oral history tradition. The pinnacle of the walking tour is identifying some of the educational, recreational, and cultural spaces which have shaped social and cultural capital over a defined period of Peckham’s history. These are spaces experienced by the researcher and informed by the Caribbean narratives exchanged during the research. The walking tours bring to life a phase in Peckham’s history which has not been documented or credited despite the wealth of community historians, historical societies, and experts in the field of Peckham’s history since 1086. Publications and events omit this significant phase which contributes to Peckham’s colourful history whilst continuing the narrative post 1990 around the impact of newer communities in Peckham. The walk is supported by the Gentrification and the African Presence in Peckham (GAPP) map outlining locations key to patterns of displacement of the Black community and the establishment of popular gentrification zones
Hormesis and hydra effects revealed by intraspecific overcompensation models and dose–response curves
Get PDFOvercompensation, defined as recovery beyond a baseline state, arises from both hormetic and hydra effects, illustrating adaptive responses to stress. The overcompensation framework of a re-evaluated fishery resource management model was examined through nonlinear growth patterns based on logistic or Ricker models, emphasizing population size over carrying capacity. This complete overcompensation model’s threshold conditions reveal an interplay between hydra and hormetic effects. Also, when dividing a population into distinct subgroups, such as susceptible and infected classes in disease transmission, the population size can be modelled as a function of the basic reproduction number (R0). A threshold condition of R0 allows examination of how disease infectivity triggers hydra or hormetic effects and, also, development of a partial overcompensation model that elucidates the internal mechanisms of overcompensation. Analysis of data from 24 groups of U-shaped or inverted U-shaped dose–response curves validated the dose response curves. The simplified modelling approach developed revealed the mechanisms underlying hydra and hormetic effects, highlighting the importance of strong growth or regenerative capabilities, overcompensatory responses (strong nonlinearity), mild external stimuli (weak stressors) and the baseline population size. Our new analytical techniques for overcompensation modelling can be adapted to many fields, including tumour treatment and toxicology
Developing accessible Derbyshire: the first accessible county in the UK
No full textThe aim of the chapter is for Gillian Scotford, Director of AccessibleUK, to share a biographical narrative of her experience in setting up ‘Accessible Derbyshire’. This insightful reflection on her encounters in working with various stakeholders provides a comprehensive platform to share all the necessary information for exploring the county of Derbyshire, is of benefit to others who wish to learn from the study. The objectives of this chapter are as follows: to learn how to collaborate effectively with all stakeholders and share the common goal of making a destination more accessible; to acquire the skills for understanding the needs of disabled people when planning a destination; and to give practical guidance on what changes are required to benefit disabled people. This case study chapter starts with an introduction to ‘Accessible Derbyshire’, before moving on to give background information on the stakeholders involved, sharing good practice, and giving insights on lessons learnt and feedback from tourists. The biographical narrative concludes with an overview on moving forward in order to ensure that accessibility is at the forefront of destination management and the planning of cultural routes
Hospital management accounting systems: evolving roles, actors, and interactions
No full textSeeking to offer an integrated understanding of Hospital Management Accounting Systems (HMAS) dynamics—through a synthesis of 196 studies on management accounting in public healthcare since 1980—we provide critical insights into HMAS roles—diagnostic, interactive, culture shaping, political, and symbolic—and their interconnections, shedding light on their (in)effectiveness in relation to relevant actors. The review highlights that different actors contribute significantly to the diverse roles of HMAS, while these roles—if functioning as mechanisms for meaningful change—in turn, impact their activities, managerial awareness, and power relationships. While being criticised for unintentionally intensifying value conflicts, HMAS changes reportedly have long-term impact on shaping organisational culture and reconciling values within broader public management transformations. It underscores the need for the longitudinal perspectives to better capture a holistic insight of the evolving roles and effectiveness of HMAS in empirical research. In this regard, the analytical framework we employed for examining the (in)effectiveness of HMAS and the underlying reasons through actors, roles, and interactions could provide a foundation for future empirical studies. Practically, this review advocates for greater involvement of medical professionals and patients in HMAS, promoting changes that balance flexibility with accountability while respecting medical professionals' autonomy through an interactive approach
“Adrift From the World”: Exploring the lived experiences of individuals affected by an inherited optic neuropathy in the United Kingdom—A qualitative study
Get PDFObjectives
Little is understood about the lived experiences of individuals affected by inherited optic neuropathies (IONs) in the United Kingdom. The aim of this study was to understand how autosomal dominant optic atrophy (DOA) and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, the 2 more commonly encountered IONs, impact affected individuals and the factors contributing to their vision-related quality of life (VRQoL).
Methods
Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 individuals with a genetic diagnosis of DOA (10 participants) or Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (10 participants) and affected by vision loss. Eligible participants were purposively sampled to achieve variation in participant age, sex, duration of visual impairment, and location in the United Kingdom. Using inductive thematic analysis, a range of themes and subthemes were developed.
Results
Participants’ experiences could be broadly summarized across 4 overarching themes: (1) IONs affected all aspects of life, most notably psychosocial and emotional well-being; (2) participants learned to cope by adapting and adjusting to visual impairment, often on their own, with little external support or resources; (3) participants’ identities as visually impaired people were determined by how they viewed themselves and others’ reactions to their disability; and (4) good VRQoL was defined as having independence with the support of others.
Conclusions
Visual impairment due to an ION threatens the independence of affected individuals, leading to psychosocial losses and reduced emotional well-being. Despite the challenges they face, people living with an ION describe a “relatively” good VRQoL, often because of the positive impact of social support, enabling them to lead fulfilling lives
Estimating regional terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks on multi-model coupling approach
Get PDFThe regional terrestrial ecosystems serve as primary carbon sinks, characterized by strong spatial heterogeneity and significant interannual fluctuations. In Xinjiang, one of China’s five autonomous regions, carbon storage increased from 12967.897 Tg C (1Tg = 1012 g) to 14262.31 Tg C. Traditional carbon sink assessment methods struggle to fully account for the combined impacts of human activities and environmental factors, impeding accurate depiction of the spatial distribution and evolution of regional carbon stocks. This study proposes a regional terrestrial ecosystem carbon density estimation method based on an ARIMA-CatBoost-RNN coupled model. Firstly, the ARIMA model forecasts carbon density time series, the CatBoost model reduces the impacts of spatial heterogeneity, and the RNN model estimates ecosystem carbon density values. Secondly, terrestrial carbon storage is estimated using an parameter-updated InVEST model, with an accuracy of up to 78.4 %. Finally, the Geodetector model quantifies the influence of nine driving factors on carbon sink capacity. The results reveal that soil carbon stocks comprise 55 %–61 % of total carbon storage, making them the main component of Xinjiang’s terrestrial ecosystems. Annual average carbon sequestration is 39.02 T C/km2, with forests showing the highest capacity at 103.33 T C/km2. NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) has the most significant impact on Xinjiang’s carbon sink capacity, contributing up to 0.615
Toward successful industrial symbiosis implementation: an exploratory study on the UK sugar industry
Get PDFTo minimize the detrimental effect of finite resources on the environment while realizing the maximum economic benefits of industrial production, industrial symbiosis (IS) has become a new strategic approach for an industrial ecosystem where underutilized resources from one company become the inputs for another. However, IS, while designed to optimize resource flows, can often fail and lead to sizable operational costs which hinder growth and competitiveness. This paper examines the key factors and motivations for companies to engage in IS activities. Our findings, based on case studies of the UK sugar industry, focusing on two leading producers and six IS projects, identify a set of five key stages for establishing an IS relationship and fostering the widespread of IS: identifying, analyzing, system reconfiguration, functional networking, and market entry. We discuss a range of practical and theoretical implications, shedding more light on the underlying mechanism that guides decision-making processes for achieving higher level of productivity circularity and efficiency
Land surface temperature predicts mortality due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a study based on climate variables and impact machine learning
Get PDFChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has been the focus of scientists and policymakers in the past decade with regard to mortality rates and global warming. The long-term shift in tem-perature and weather patterns, commonly called climate change, is an important public health issue, especially concerning COPD. Using the most recent county-level age-adjusted COPD mortality rates among adults older than 25 years, this study aimed to inves-tigate the spatial trajectory of COPD in the United States between 2001 and 2020. Global Moran’s I was used to investigate spatial relationships utilising data from Terra satellite for night-time Land Surface Temperatures (LSTnt), which served as an indicator of warming within the same time period across the United States. The Forest-based Classification and Regression model (FCR) was applied to predict mortality rates. It was found that COPD mortal-ity over the study period was spatially clustered in certain coun-ties. Moran’s I statistic (0.18) showed that the COPD mortality rates increased with LSTnt, with the strongest spatial association in the eastern and south-eastern counties. The FCR model success-fully predicted mortality rates in the study area using LSTnt values, achieving an R² value of 0.68, which accounted for COPD mortal-ity rates independently. Policymakers in the United States could use the findings of this study to develop long-term spatial and health-related strategies to reduce the vulnerability to global warming of patients with acute respiratory symptoms
Enhancing employability through SDT-inspired internships: fostering autonomy, competence, and connectedness in undergraduate psychology students
Get PDFThis research addresses the disconnect between psychology education and post-graduation employability through a curriculum-integrated internship programme. Despite the growing number of psychology graduates, only about 6% become registered psychologists, and many struggle to find careers aligned with their academic background. This study explores the potential of internships, guided by Self-Determination Theory (SDT), to address this issue. Employing qualitative interviews with undergraduate
psychology students before and after internship participation, data collection is currently ongoing and expected to be completed by February 2025. Preliminary findings suggest that well-structured internships can improve employability and align educational outcomes with career prospects
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