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SVG Icons 3 ways
Full text linkThis open educational resource provides comprehensive technical instruction on implementing Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) in web design contexts. The resource addresses three distinct implementation methods—SVG as image element, CSS background, and inline code—explicating the technical constraints and appropriate use cases for each approach. Through a structured tutorial creating personalised monograms and functional UI icons, the resource demonstrates vector graphic creation, path optimisation, and export workflows from design applications including Adobe Illustrator and Figma. It examines critical technical concepts including the currentColor keyword for CSS inheritance, data URI encoding for embedded graphics, and progressive enhancement strategies for browser compatibility. The resource emphasises accessibility requirements through appropriate ARIA attributes and semantic markup patterns. Practical implementation examples demonstrate parent-element hover states, decorative background patterns, and responsive scaling techniques. The tutorial integrates professional design considerations including visual hierarchy, consistent iconography, and performance optimisation through file compression, providing students with production-ready skills for implementing scalable graphics in portfolio and client projects
E-entrepreneurial intentions: parasocial relationships with influencers
Full text linkPurpose – Thisstudy examines how parasocial relationships with influencers shape e-entrepreneurial intentions among Millennials and Generation Z. In addition, the study investigates the mediating roles of theory of planned behavior constructs, including attitudes toward e-entrepreneurship, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms.
Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 381 social media users across both generations and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling.
Findings – Results indicate that attitudes toward e-entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control fully mediate the relationship between parasocial relationships and e-entrepreneurial intentions. These findings highlight parasocial relationships as a key antecedent that shapes entrepreneurial cognitions, which in turn drive e-entrepreneurial intentions.
Practical implications – Social media influencers can serve as virtual mentors to inspire e-entrepreneurial behavior among youth. Policymakers, incubators and digital entrepreneurship programs can leverage influencer-follower dynamics to foster e-entrepreneurial intentions among youth, particularly in digitally advanced emerging economies.
Originality/value – Unlike prior research that primarily examines influencers’ effects on consumer behavior, this study shows how parasocial relationships shape e-entrepreneurial intentions. It further highlights the mediating role of the theory of planned behavior constructs in explaining how one-sided relationships with influencers translate into entrepreneurial intentions
Complementary information mining for redundancy and weakly aligned RGB-T semantic segmentation
Full text linkMultimodal data can effectively improve the accuracy and robustness of traditional RGB image semantic segmentation. However, the redundant information between cross-modal data hinders the complementary information mining of each modality. And the data misalignment between modes will aggravate the above effects. In this article, we propose a complementary information mining network (CIMNet) for RGB-thermal (RGB-T) semantic segmentation. We comprehensively consider the link between the difficulty of redundant information mining and modality misalignment. Through mutual information minimization and adaptive update of modality bias, we achieve more accurate and robust segmentation performance in complex environments. Specifically, we introduce a complementary information promotion and amplification (CIPA) module via mutual information minimization and channel attention mechanism to prevent a multimodality network from focusing on redundant information and amplify the informative cross-modality features. Then, we design a spatial-channel sequential feature rectification (SCSFR) module with adaptive offset modeling to calibrate the modality misalignment features. Extensive experiments on public datasets demonstrate that our CIMNet outperforms other state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods in terms of objective metrics and subjective visual comparisons. The code will be accessible at https://github.com/KustTeamWQW/CIMNet
Entry threshold setting and incentive design for Green order financing
Full text linkIn the green order financing (GOF), suppliers must first obtain “green certification” from core enterprises before they can secure bank financing to fulfill eco-friendly orders. In practice, core enterprises often face challenges in establishing green certification standards, particularly in setting a reasonable entry threshold for suppliers to access GOF. This paper examines the setting of entry threshold for GOF and proposes incentives to coordinate the GOF system. Specifically, we study a GOF system consisting of a bank, a large retailer, and a capital-constrained supplier. The retailer, acting on behalf of the bank, sets the greenness entry threshold for the supplier to access more preferential GOF, leveraging its informational advantages regarding the supplier’s environmental performance. We find that the supplier will opt for GOF only when the entry threshold set by the retailer is below a critical value; otherwise, it will continue using traditional order financing (TOF). In a Stackelberg game with the retailer as the leader, a unique equilibrium emerges between the two sides of the supply chain, under which GOF is implemented, leading to Pareto improvements and enhanced greenness. As another participant in the system, the bank also benefits from providing GOF, provided that it sets a reasonable interest rate—no lower than a certain threshold. If the bank’s GOF interest rate falls below this threshold, external government incentives will be necessary. We demonstrate that the government will only refrain from subsidizing the bank if the supplier’s cost coefficient of green investment is extremely high while the bank’s GOF interest rate is exceedingly low. Otherwise, the government will be willing to provide subsidies (transfer payments) to the bank, resulting in Pareto improvements for all three GOF members and achieving greater social welfare than with TOF. Finally, we conduct numerical studies to validate the findings and extend the analysis to include a new formulation of consumer surplus, a new game sequence, a new subsidy category, and the retailer’s pricing decisions, further confirming the robustness of the results
A novel mantle-margin gland system in Tectura virginea (Patellogastropoda)
No full textGlandular defensive systems remain poorly understood in many marine invertebrates. Here, we investigated the anatomy and chemical composition of mantle-margin glands in the true limpet Tectura virginea. These glands produce a persistent, thread-like secretion that emerges from the exposed mantle edge in response to mechanical stimulation. Light and electron microscopy revealed large glands, each dominated by a single voluminous secretory cell surrounded by quiescent precursors and ring musculature, suggesting a holocrine expulsion mechanism. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry identified over 80 compounds, including disulfides, sulfonates and organic acids. Their presence suggests that the secretion may act as a chemical barrier against microbial colonization or small invertebrate predators. Several major compounds, such as 1-(propyldisulfanyl)-1-(propylsulfinyl)propane, have potential defensive roles. The anatomical position of the glands and the biochemical diversity of their products suggest a defensive role. Our findings support the interpretation of these mantle-margin glands as a novel repugnatorial system, representing a unique adaptation among patellogastropods. These findings highlight the potential for secretory and defensive functions in the mantle-margin glands of T. virginea, underscoring the broader relevance of such glands in less-studied lineages
Organisational Network Analysis
No full textOrganisational Network Analysis (ONA) is an application of the theories and techniques of Social Network Analysis (SNA) to the specific context, concerns and parameters of organisations. It has developed as a distinct application area focusing principally on intra-organisational and inter-organisational relationships. The relational approach to organisational dynamics within and between organisations has drawn on the rigorous foundation of SNA, rooted in sociological interpretations of mathematical observations of these relationships. The ONA extension has highlighted some aspects of SNA, particularly the contrast between social closure and brokerage and, in turn enriched these. ONA has a growing influence on organisational, business and management studies and management practice
Green and purple jobs for equitable and sustainable development
No full textThis paper analyzes the impact of public spending in the care economy, the green economy and infrastructure on the employment of men and women and on GDP in selected emerging economies. Using a vector autoregression (VAR) model for each country, we explore policy scenarios involving a mix of public spending for an equitable green transition to a caring and sustainable economy. The findings indicate the potential for redeployment of brown, high-carbon, and fossil fuel-based sectors to green and care jobs by creating new decent formal jobs with adequate pay, working conditions, rights, and social security while addressing the effects of technological change on employment in emerging economies
Assessing maximum oxygen uptake through a motor-cognitive reactive agility test in team ball sports athletes
Full text linkBackground: Conventional laboratory and field tests often underestimate VO2max and fail to reflect the reactive agility, multidirectional demands of team ball sports. This study examined whether a motor-cognitive Reactive Agility (RA) Test can elicit a true VO2max response and serve as a sport-specific alternative for assessing VO2max in team sport athletes.
Method: Fifty-three team ball sports athletes performed an exhaustive incremental treadmill test and a motor-cognitive RA Test. The RA Test was performed on the SKILLCOURT and contained four all-out reactive agility runs of 150 m with an intermittent break of 30 s. VO2max was determined in both tests using a portable gas analyzer. Dependent t-tests, Blant-Altman analysis, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and correlation analyses were performed.
Results: The mean difference in VO2max between the tests was 0.25 mL × kg−1 × min−1 (0.5%, p = 0.55) with upper and lower 95% limits of agreement at 6.02 (11%) and −5.53 (10%) mL × kg−1 × min−1, respectively. CCC (pc = 0.94), ICC (0.943) and correlation analysis (r = 0.94) revealed a strong agreement and relation between VO2max in the treadmill and RA Test.
Conclusion: The RA Test reliably elicits a true VO2max response and offers a valid and more sport-specific option when compared to laboratory treadmill assessment for measuring VO2max in team ball sport athletes
The moderating effects of management’s non-GAAP treatment of a CAM item and investors’ position on investors’ management credibility judgments
No full textNo Abstract Available
From gut to brain: formulation and transporter-guided approaches to maximise rutin central nervous system delivery
Full text linkNeurological disorders, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, are characterised by high morbidity and disability, representing a major global health challenge. A central obstacle in their treatment is the blood–brain barrier, a highly selective interface that limits drug delivery to the central nervous system. Rutin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, exhibits potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities, yet its clinical utility remains constrained by poor solubility, low oral bioavailability, and restricted blood–brain barrier permeability. Recent advances in drug delivery and formulation science offer promising solutions. Nanoparticle encapsulation, peptide conjugation, intranasal delivery, and co-administration with absorption enhancers have been shown to improve rutin’s solubility, metabolic stability, and central nervous system penetration in preclinical models. Mechanistic studies further reveal that rutin can modulate efflux transporters, regulate tight-junction proteins, and influence microglial activity and cellular metabolism, collectively contributing to enhanced neuroprotection. Experimental evidence highlights its potential to mitigate key neurodegenerative processes, particularly in Alzheimer’s disease. This review synthesises current knowledge on rutin’s pharmacological effects, limitations in bioavailability, and innovative strategies to improve blood–brain barrier penetration. By integrating mechanistic insights with advances in delivery technologies, this review underscores rutin’s translational potential. Priority next steps include optimising delivery systems, establishing long-term safety, and conducting well-designed clinical trials to define efficacy and dosing
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