Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Applied Chemistry)
Not a member yet
300 research outputs found
Sort by
Antimicrobial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesized by Actinomycetes Isolated from Lombok Island Soil Samples
No full textAbstractA total of 98 actinomycetes were isolated from the soil and litter samples collected from the cacao and coffee plantation in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. These isolates were screened for their antimicrobial activity. Among 98 isolated strains, only 24 isolates showed antimicrobial activity against test microorganisms of which 20.4% were active against Bacillus subtilis BTCC B-612, 14.3% against Staphylococcus aureus BTCC B-611, and 5.1% against Escherichia coli BTCC B-609. Out of these 24 isolates, 3 were found to be able to grow in medium containing 3 mM Selenium oxide of which the culture were changed color to red. Two of the best strains, L-155 and L-156, were selected for assessing production of Selenium nanoparticles. Bioreduction of selenium nanoparticles was confirmed by UV–visible spectrophotometer which showed peak between 300 and 320 nm. Biosynthesized selenium nanoparticle from isolate actinomycetes L-155 and L-156 were found to have a broad spectrum of activity against the tested microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, and Candida albicans. This study showed rapid and eco-friendly synthesis of selenium nanoparticles from soil actinomycetes. Most of these active isolates revealed to possess antibacterial property
Preparation and Characterization of Polyhedral Octaphenylsilsesquioxane Modified Castor oil based Polyurethane
Get PDFVegetable oil-based polyurethanes were synthesized using castor oil (CO) as feedstock, which were characterized by their environmental friendly and renewable properties. Aiming to compensate for shortcomings of these materials, a series of polyurethane/polyhedral octaphenylsilsesquioxane (OPS) hybrids with different OPS contents were prepared by physical mixing in the solutions. Thereafter?chemical structure?morphology and thermal properties of hybrids were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), tensile test techniques and static contact angle. The results show that the hybrid polyurethanes display both enhanced glass transition temperatures (Tg), initial decomposition temperature (Td5) and tensile strength with low OPS contents. While with high contents?these values decline with the severe aggregation of nano-particles as shown in the SEM images. Meanwhile, the hybrid polyurethanes displayed enhanced surface hydrophobicity as the contact angle with water reveale
Degradation of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) in Super-Critical Organic Solvents Affecting the Chemicals Distribution of Bio-Oil
No full textHydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) in different organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetone, toluene and hexane) to produce bio-oil were comparatively investigated. Experiments were carried out in an autoclave at different temperature of 300, 350 and 400 oC with a fixed solid/liquid ratio of 4 gram in 50 mL solvent, without catalysts and reaction time of 5 hours. The liquid products were analyzed using GCMS to determine the chemical composition. Result showed that the chemical compositions were greatly affected by the solvent types. Each solvent has a major component in bio-oil products. The major compounds resulted from methanol and ethanol solvent were ketones/others. The major compounds resulted from toluene and hexane solvents were organic acid, which favoured high temperature. Meanwhile, esters and organic acid were the major products from acetone solvents. Temperature operation resulted more variations in the chemical composition and the percentages of the bio-oil
The Synthesis of Cinchonine Tiglat Ester Compound and Cytotoxic Test Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell
No full textCinchonine is a type of cinchona alkaloid compound commonly found and/or isolated from Cinchona sp. plant. It is commonly used to treat malaria, and can potentially be used against cancer cells. In this particular study, cinchonine ester derivatives were extracted through esterification processs. Synthesized esther is aimed to gain higher lipophilicity of cinchonine so that makes it easier to pass through cell membrane. Esterification was done using DCC activator as well as DMAP catalyst with tiglic acid used to create cinchonine tiglat. Subsequent cinchonine tiglat was obtained in the form of oil with 25,28% yield. The compound obtained from the synthesis was the analyzed using LC-ESI-MS and 1H-NMR spectroscopy instrumentation. Results show that the target compound has been successfully synthesized. Its cytotoxic ability against MCF-7 breast cancer cells was tested using the Alamar Blue method. Results concluded that cinchonine tiglat ester compound has a viable cytotoxic activity with IC50 value of 1.22 ppm
Kinerja Katalis Nikel/Titanium Oksida Yang Dibuat Dengan Metoda Impregnasi Terhadap Hidrogenesi Minyak Sawit
No full textThe preparation of nikel aktif metal catalyst and oksida titanium as supporting materials by impregnation method.The content of metal is various between 20-30% (weight). Specifik surface area of catalyst is measured BET method, the content 22.5% of catalyst have maximal specific surface area is 14,5288m2/gr.From XRD analysis, aktif metal catalyst before reduction is metal oksida NiO (200) at 20 = 43,47, after reduction showednickle metal cristal at 20 = 44,50 is peak caracteristic from Ni (111).Test activity comerical catalyst after reaction time two hoursiodine number decreased 34,00 preparated catalyst 44,50 atcontent 22,5%
The Influence of Poly(Lactic Acid) Addition to Thermal Properties of the Blended Polypropylene for Food Packaging Materials
Get PDFThe commonly used food packaging materials are made from synthetic polymers derived from petroleum. However, the use of synthetic polymers has negative impacts on the environment, because it is difficult to degrade naturally either by the biotic or abiotic process. Although their complete replacement with eco-friendly packaging films is just impossible to achieve economically, at least for a specific application like food packaging the use of bioplastics should be the future. One of the alternatives is to blend synthetic polymer for instance polypropylene (PP) with a natural polymer like poly-lactic acid (PLA). Because their mixture is an immiscible blend because they have highly different polarity, it is necessary to add a compatibilizer such as polypropylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH) in order to increase the properties of its blend miscibility. The objective of this research was to study the influence of PLA addition to the thermal properties of their blend product with PP. The combinations of PP with PLA in the ratios of (80:20); (90:10); (95:5) were prepared and then characterized for their thermal property behaviour by means of TG and DSC. The results showed that increasing the amount of PLA will decrease their enthalpy significantl
SOLASODINE STEROID BIOCONVERSION BY MYCOBACTERIUM PHLEI DSM 43286.
Get PDFBioconversion of solasodine by Mycobacterium phlei DSM 43286 was conducted to obtain intermediate compounds which might be used as precursor in the production of steroidal drugs, i:e androst-4-en-3, 17-dione (AD) and androsta-l,4-diene-3,17-dione (ADD). M. phlei was firstly grown in nutrient broth medium at 37 C for 8.5 hours with agitation of 200 rpm. The bacterial culture thus obtained was used as starter to inoculate the conversion medium containing 0,02% solasodine as the substrate and 0.01% 8-hydroxyquinoline as inhibitor. Bioconversion was conducted for 12 days at 37 C using the same speed of agitation. Analysis of the bioconversion products was carried oUl using samples taken periodically at a 24-hour interval by TLC and HPLC methods. TLC analysis using chloroform-ethyl acetate (80:20) as eluent, measurement of the nuvamum wavelength and molar extinction coefficient value showed that AD and ADD was not found in the fermentation product,, but other intermediau: compound might the present. However, HPLC analysis of the fermentation products using Ik'Porasil column and benzene- ethylacetatechloroform (40:80:10) as eluent, showed -peaks with retention time similar to that of AD (during the 2nd - 9th day of incubation) and, ADD (during the 5th - 6th day offermentation) and, other unknown peaks