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Artificial neural network application in construction and the built environment:a bibliometric analysis
No full textOver the past decade, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of various technologies in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction sector. Artificial intelligence has played a significant role throughout the different phases of the design and construction process. A growing body of literature recognizes the importance of artificial neural network applications in numerous areas of the construction industry and the built environment, presenting a need to explore the main research themes, attributes, benefits, and challenges. A three-step extensive research method was utilized by conducting a bibliometric search of English language articles and conducting quantitative and qualitative analyses. The bibliometric analysis aimed to identify the current research directions and gaps forming future research areas. The scientometric analysis of keywords revealed diverse areas within the construction industry linked to ANNs. The qualitative analysis of the selected literature revealed that energy management in buildings and construction cost predictions were the leading research topics in the study area. These findings recommend directions for further research in the field, for example, broadening the application ranges of ANNs in the current Construction 4.0 technologies, such as robotics, 3D printing, digital twins, and VR applications
Voices from Ukraine:Introduction by Jonathan Jackson and Lily Hamourtziadou
No full textIn this period of global insecurity, sharing human experiences acts as a tool to preserve history, educate future generations, foster empathy, prevent revisionism, and honor those who have been affected by conflict. By sharing personal stories, individuals provide first-hand accounts of events, capturing the human perspective and emotions associated with war. This helps to preserve a comprehensive understanding of historical events. Hearing about the experiences of those who have lived through war can be a powerful educational tool. It allows people, especially the younger generations, to learn about the realities of armed conflict and the impact on individuals and societies. The voices from Ukraine in this article communicate the suffering, but also the hope of those caught up in the horrors, the losses and the fog of war
Doing critical psychology! The challenges and unexpected rewards of co-creating module structure, content and resources
No full textThis chapter offers a reflective account of the co-construction of a Level 6 (Undergraduate Year 3) Critical Psychology module with student partners. Designed around the three areas of the SPaM teaching and learning model; subject content, modality and pedagogical design, student co-creators worked alongside staff to design a study to collect data able to inform module development. Data was analysed collaboratively alongside Student Research Associates to create and pilot learning resources and activities for focus group discussion and modification. The challenges and benefits of involving large cohorts in meaningful co-creation of a module are discussed, along with key lingering questions we have as a result of the co-creation process and outcomes of the project. The chapter adds to the student co-creation field by offering student perspectives on effective pedagogical design and discussion of the practicalities of embedding these within module development
The boundaries within a cold case review:review type, terms of reference, and prioritisation scales
No full textPurposeThe reviews of cold case homicides are infrequently referenced within either procedural guides or scholarly outputs. However, boundaries for the review are imperative to ascertain the most productive use of resources, aligned with the case’s chance of eventual resolution. The purpose of the study is to identify the boundaries established by police forces within England and Wales for their reviews of cold cases. Due to the lack of guidance, forces have created their own methods which may result in ineffective review processes and strategies. Therefore, this study sought to elucidate the boundaries of the review process through 13 semi-structured interviews with cold case detectives and a seven-month observation period (analysed simultaneously using an inductive Thematic Analysis), the following boundaries were identified before the review commences: the Terms of Reference (which provide a framework for the review based on live homicide review criteria), the identification of the review type (either a full or thematic review) and justification of the case’s prioritisation. This study provides initial evidence that there is an interconnectedness of procedures underpinning the reviews of cold cases, with the Terms of Reference dictating the type of review to be conducted, which is subsequently influenced by the case’s prioritisation. This study provides an important insight into the boundaries of reviews, and recognises the challenges for their implementation, attributed primarily to available resources and the number of cases that a force is responsible for. Important recommendations are proposed for the ongoing practice of cold case reviews to provide areas of evaluation and improved practice.Design/methodology/approachThe reviews of cold case homicides are infrequently referenced within either procedural guides or scholarly outputs. However, boundaries for the review are imperative to ascertain the most productive use of resources, aligned with the case’s chance of eventual resolution. The purpose of the study is to identify the boundaries established by police forces within England and Wales for their reviews of cold cases. Due to the lack of guidance, forces have created their own methods which may result in ineffective review processes and strategies. Therefore, this study sought to elucidate the boundaries of the review process through 13 semi-structured interviews with cold case detectives and a seven-month observation period (analysed simultaneously using an inductive Thematic Analysis), the following boundaries were identified before the review commences: the Terms of Reference (which provide a framework for the review based on live homicide review criteria), the identification of the review type (either a full or thematic review) and justification of the case’s prioritisation. This study provides initial evidence that there is an interconnectedness of procedures underpinning the reviews of cold cases, with the Terms of Reference dictating the type of review to be conducted, which is subsequently influenced by the case’s prioritisation. This study provides an important insight into the boundaries of reviews, and recognises the challenges for their implementation, attributed primarily to available resources and the number of cases that a force is responsible for. Important recommendations are proposed for the ongoing practice of cold case reviews to provide areas of evaluation and improved practice.FindingsThe reviews of cold case homicides are infrequently referenced within either procedural guides or scholarly outputs. However, boundaries for the review are imperative to ascertain the most productive use of resources, aligned with the case’s chance of eventual resolution. The purpose of the study is to identify the boundaries established by police forces within England and Wales for their reviews of cold cases. Due to the lack of guidance, forces have created their own methods which may result in ineffective review processes and strategies. Therefore, this study sought to elucidate the boundaries of the review process through 13 semi-structured interviews with cold case detectives and a seven-month observation period (analysed simultaneously using an inductive Thematic Analysis), the following boundaries were identified before the review commences: the Terms of Reference (which provide a framework for the review based on live homicide review criteria), the identification of the review type (either a full or thematic review) and justification of the case’s prioritisation. This study provides initial evidence that there is an interconnectedness of procedures underpinning the reviews of cold cases, with the Terms of Reference dictating the type of review to be conducted, which is subsequently influenced by the case’s prioritisation. This study provides an important insight into the boundaries of reviews, and recognises the challenges for their implementation, attributed primarily to available resources and the number of cases that a force is responsible for. Important recommendations are proposed for the ongoing practice of cold case reviews to provide areas of evaluation and improved practice.Originality/valueThe reviews of cold case homicides are infrequently referenced within either procedural guides or scholarly outputs. However, boundaries for the review are imperative to ascertain the most productive use of resources, aligned with the case’s chance of eventual resolution. The purpose of the study is to identify the boundaries established by police forces within England and Wales for their reviews of cold cases. Due to the lack of guidance, forces have created their own methods which may result in ineffective review processes and strategies. Therefore, this study sought to elucidate the boundaries of the review process through 13 semi-structured interviews with cold case detectives and a seven-month observation period (analysed simultaneously using an inductive Thematic Analysis), the following boundaries were identified before the review commences: the Terms of Reference (which provide a framework for the review based on live homicide review criteria), the identification of the review type (either a full or thematic review) and justification of the case’s prioritisation. This study provides initial evidence that there is an interconnectedness of procedures underpinning the reviews of cold cases, with the Terms of Reference dictating the type of review to be conducted, which is subsequently influenced by the case’s prioritisation. This study provides an important insight into the boundaries of reviews, and recognises the challenges for their implementation, attributed primarily to available resources and the number of cases that a force is responsible for. Important recommendations are proposed for the ongoing practice of cold case reviews to provide areas of evaluation and improved practice
The role of higher education in youth justice:a ‘child-first’ approach to diversion
No full textThis article examines the perspectives of justice-involved children regarding the obstacles to accessing higher education (HE). It outlines the regulatory approach of the Office for Students (OfS) aimed at ensuring the sector aids disadvantaged children in ‘raising attainment’ through outreach activities to enhance the equality of opportunity. The analysis incorporates both desistance theory and ecological systems theory to understand children’s viewpoints on how being outside mainstream education affects their transition from specialised programs to further learning beyond secondary school. This approach is anchored in the ‘Child-First’ principle, a core aspect of the Youth Justice Board’s strategic plan for 2021–2024, emphasising the importance of children’s voices in efforts to divert them from the youth justice system, thereby reducing victimisation and fostering safer communities. The findings indicate that justice-involved children not in mainstream education who have supportive micro- and mesosystems are more likely to develop an identity aligned with continuing education post secondary school, through positive encouragement and relational environments that promote educational pathways. Thus, higher education can contribute to raising attainment for justice-involved children not in mainstream education by focusing on the broader ecological system surrounding the child, which can encourage a pro-social and pro-educational identity
ZEITFLUSS – flow of time / time river:part of the group show ViewPoints
No full textLandscape photography encourage the viewer to be enchanted with the recognition of the places depicted, giving us the illusion that it is a simulation of ordinary seeing. Yet, not only do photographs show a particular place in time, but they also show a particular stretch of time – the exposure time at least. This time may be a moment (a decisive moment) or a substantial duration. Photographs therefore show not only the places depicted, but the time spent gazing at them. In my practice I draw attention away from straightforward recognition and likeness to the importance of temporality. Especially, when thinking about landscape photography, we enjoy the recognition of beautiful places as if they were timeless. Yet, my images juxtapose stillness and movement in panoramic landscape photography. These photographs took up to 15 minutes to build up. As a result, the work portrays a sense of landscape that much more dynamic and depicts places as experienced, rather than immutable presences.All five images are of the river Isar in Munich. In selecting work directly related to my birthplace, I want to highlight my ongoing changing relationship with my childhood home. And this work shows, moments, intervals I spent looking at the Isar. Each image portrays an unrepeatable, indeterminate, Merleau-Pontian ‘thick moment.’ Essentially photographic and indexical, though not immediately recognisable, the work is exactly therefore deeply personal.<br/
Mental health impact of cyberbullying among European sexual minority adolescents:the mediating role of internalized homophobia
No full textSexual minority youth face distinct challenges related to cyberbullying, with significant implications for their well-being (Bishop et al., 2023). Furthermore, elevated levels of internalized homophobia (IH) may be correlated with victimization experiences and adverse mental health outcomes (Pucket et al., 2016). This study aims to investigate the interplay between cybervictimization experiences, internalized homophobia, and depression among European sexual minority adolescents. Data from 9,363 sexual minority adolescents (Mage = 15.82; SD = 1.53) were collected through an online survey conducted in Austria, Belgium, Croatia, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Netherlands, Slovenia, Spain, Portugal, and the UK. In this study, cyberbullying victimization was evaluated using an 8-item version of the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (α = .87, ω = .91; Brighi et al., 2012). Two additional items were incorporated to assess biased-based cyberbullying victimization. Depression was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item depression screener (Richardson et al., 2010). Logistic regressions indicated that sexual minorities experiencing general cyberbullying or bias-based cyberbullying had a 90% and 49% higher likelihood of depression, respectively. Those facing both types were five times more likely to experience depression. Decomposition analyses revealed IH explained 5-10% of the total effects. The study highlights the significant impact of cybervictimization and biased-based cybervictimization on the mental health of sexual minority adolescents, with IH playing a crucial role. Tailored interventions and policies are imperative to address the unique challenges faced by sexual minority youth in diverse European countries, especially given the increasing presence of social media in adolescents' lives
Access to natural green spaces and their associations with psychological wellbeing for South Asian people in the UK:a systematic literature review
No full textUse of natural green spaces (NGS) is associated with improved psychological well-being (PWB). Ethnic minorities, particularly South Asian (SA) communities in the UK, face unequal access to NGS and experience a greater prevalence of health challenges than the general population. Improving access to green space can contribute to addressing current health inequalities. Following PRISMA guidelines, this systematic literature review aimed to synthesise existing research on NGS access barriers experienced by SAs and associations between NGS use and PWB. A comprehensive search was conducted through SAGE, Science Direct, and SCOPUS in August 2022; we included qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies with findings on NGS access and/or associations between NGS use and PWB for SAs in the UK. We employed deductive thematic analysis to explore inhibitors and enablers of access which were then conceptualised through a multidimensional framework. Associations between NGS and PWB were coded inductively and mapped separately. This review is registered on PROSPERO: CRD42022353711. Twenty-six studies were included in the review which varied substantially in their aims, methods, context, and participants. Included studies on NGS grouped SAs within broader demographic categories such as minority ethnic communities or Muslims. Our findings indicate that SAs are disadvantaged in their access to NGS due to numerous intersecting factors including unequal distribution, inadequate transport, racialisation of NGS, and safety concerns. Whilst these findings generally aligned with broader literature on NGS access, certain access barriers and enablers are particularly significant to SA communities. We also identified several dimensions of PWB that are enhanced for SAs through interacting with NGS including overall mental health outcomes, physical wellbeing, and social relatedness. This review highlights opportunities to improve access to NGS and thereby enhance PWB outcomes for SA people. It also identifies the lack of primary research exploring NGS access and PWB associations for SA communities, specifically in rural contexts
Keeping the Olympic torch alight:supporting athletes’ psychological wellbeing at the Paris Games
No full textOn the eve of the 2024 Olympic Games, psychologists Richard Simpson and Helen Heaviside consider how practitioners can use positive and social psychology to help competitors flourish during and after the event, showing the impact that a psychological approach can have