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Electric Vehicle Battery Cooling via Loop Heat Pipes coupled with Underbody Aerodynamics
No full textThis paper presents a feasibility study on a fully passive cooling system for electric vehicles using Loop Heat Pipes (LHP) to transfer the batteries excess heat to the underbody of the vehicle. Multiple LHPs are in contact with a battery module, on the evaporator side, while their condensers are embedded in the underbody of the vehicle, cooled via aerodynamic cooling. The study is conducted numerically, by means of a previously validated transient 1-D Lumped Parameter Model (LPM) able to simulate the thermos-fluidic behavior of the LHP, and aerodynamic CFD simulations coupled with heat transfer. The CFD results provide the convection heat transfer coefficient at the condenser wall, which is inputted into the 1-D LPM to design the condenser in order to achieve successful operation of the cooling system, and to evaluate the temperature evolution of the cells. The performance of the proposed cooling system was evaluated over 1C, 2C, 3C charging cycles followed by a 30 minutes 1C driving section. The proposed cooling system was able to contain the cell temperature inside the acceptable limits, even at challenging conditions such as 3C charging, with maximum temperature being 51.6 °C for 3C, 39.3 °C for 2C and 27.5 °C for 1C. All without using any additional energy
Modeling Ultra-Thin Flat Loop Heat Pipes using a 1-D Lumped Parameter Approach
No full textIn the present study, the transient behavior of a diffusion-bonded ultra-thin LHP, specifically designed for the thermal management of smartphones, is predicted by means of a 1-D Lumped Parameter Model (LPM). The LPM approach was previously validated for larger LHPs with different working fluids and is one of the few highly reliable transient models available in literature. The main novelty of this work is the extension of the application range of the LPM model to ultra-thin LHPs, where various parameters may affect the operation of these devices, such as heat leakage by conduction through the case material. The proposed LPM consists of a thermal network describing the thermo-fluidic behavior of the evaporator, connected to a series of mass, momentum, and energy conservation, solved iteratively to predict the device temperatures, heat transfer rates, and thermal resistances. The LPM model successfully predicted the transient temperature of the LHP with the highest and lowest average difference of 0.99 °C and 1.65 °C, respectively. Also, this approach estimated the steady-state thermal resistance with an average discrepancy of 28%. Therefore, the LPM showed to be a powerful design tool to predict and simulate the operation conditions of heat pipes, from ultra-thin to larger ones
Online value co-creation during the “dreaming” phase, brand image and uncertainty avoidance
Get PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study is to propose an explanatory research model for the formation of service-firm brand image in the online context, within the theoretical framework of service-dominant logic (SDL). The study analyzes how brand image can be strengthened through individuals’ online value co-creation – with the firm, with online platforms or with other consumers – during the “dreaming” phase prior to selecting and purchasing a service, taking into account the moderating role of consumers’ uncertainty avoidance and the influence of strategic online reputation management on the value-creation process. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative empirical study was carried out among Spanish and British service consumers. Findings: The results show that, for Spanish consumers (from a high uncertainty-avoidance culture), online value co-creation with online platforms and with other consumers in the “dreaming” phase has a positive and significant effect on service-firm brand image, while, for British consumers (from a low uncertainty-avoidance culture), online value co-creation with the firm has a positive and significant effect on brand image. Moreover, it is shown that strategic online reputation management has a positive and significant effect, in the “dreaming” phase, on value co-creation with the firm, with online platforms and with other consumers. Practical implications: The results also have important business implications for service firms, showing how interaction with consumers in online media can enhance their brand image. Originality/value: The study constitutes an advancement in the development of SDL theory, being the first to center on the very earliest stage in the customer journey – the “dreaming” phase – to empirically measure the effect of online value co-creation on service-brand image, as well as the moderating role of consumers’ uncertainty avoidance and the effect of strategic online reputation management on value co-creation.</p
An experimental analysis of the effect of dissolved gas on pool boiling
Get PDFThe presence of non-condensable gases (NCGs) is typically considered detrimental to the performance of passive two-phase ooling systems. However, their specific impact on thermal performance, particularly on vapor bubble nucleation, remains unclear. This study presents pool boiling experiments conducted in an alumina chamber filled with degassed deionized water and mirror-polished copper samples, with varying concentrations of diluted oxygen. The first nucleation event is recorded, and key thermal parameters such as the onset nucleate boiling temperature TONB, and the critical heat flux CHF are measured for standard comparison of pool boiling behavior. The study explores the hypothesis that gas nanobubbles may act as nuclei for vapor bubble formation. <br/
December 18th was a Tuesday / and the 13th day without food
Get PDFThis poem attempts to preserve the relief of layered ontologies and interwoven narratives, constructed via the perspective of a singular lyric I. The poem uses Linda Bishop's (2008) journal and internet ephemera as source text
How low-income consumers cope with their health issues::Evidence from Pakistan
No full textThis research explores the strategies utilized by low-income consumers to cure their diseases and consequences of their strategies are unearthed too. The participants used public or private hospitals in case of major health issues. Due to resource constraints, they used different alternative medications methods, spiritual healing and home remedies to cure minor health issues. The participants encountered mixed consequences of their choices. The study aims to offer suggestions for low-income consumers inclusion to health services
Effects of motor imagery training on gait and muscle synergy after total knee arthroplasty:study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Get PDFBackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty has proven to be an effective method for treating severe osteoarthritis, but this procedure may induce abnormal symptoms of gait and muscle synergy after surgery. Motor imagery is a special means of training that can heighten cortical-spinal excitability and spinal transmission efficiency. The training method can fortify muscle strength, enhance joint range of motion, and ameliorate gait and muscle synergy control patterns, all while avoiding postoperative intense pain resulting from high-intensity exercise. This study aims to investigate whether motor imagery training can improve patients’ gait function and muscle synergy patterns, and to establish the effectiveness of motor imagery training in fostering postoperative knee joint function recovery in total knee arthroplasty patients.MethodsThis study will utilize a single-blind randomized clinical trial methodology. The research will aim to recruit forty patients from Guilin Medical College Affiliated Hospital who have undergone total knee arthroplasty and who meet the trial criteria. Random allocation to either the experimental group or the control group will be conducted for these patients. Participants in both the experimental and control groups will receive a 6-week conventional training intervention beginning on the first day after surgery and 5 sessions of rehabilitation training per week. In addition, the participants in the experimental group will receive motor imagery training alongside the conventional training programme. The parameters of gait, muscle synergy, lower limb kinematics and kinetics, isokinetic muscle strength, proprioception, and knee joint scoring will be measured one week before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 weeks after surgery.DiscussionThis protocol is to evaluate the function of motor imagery training after total knee arthroplasty by analysing the parameters of gait and muscle synergy. The outcomes of this trial are expected to affirm the utility of motor imagery training in the postoperative rehabilitation of total knee arthroplasty patients.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2400082292. Registered on March 26, 2024
CLARIN in the UK Digital Research Infrastructure
Get PDFThis paper describes the initiatives within the UK to develop a national digital research infrastructure. This infrastructure brings together different aspects, including digital resources, computing services, and associated skills to build an interconnected, human, FAIR and sustainable infrastructure which addresses the needs of Arts and Humanities (A&H) researchers and practitioners. Key elements include the CLARIN-UK repository, the CLARIN Knowledge Centre for DigitalResources for the Languages in Ireland and Britain, and Digital Skills in the Arts and Humanities Network (DISKAH). The paper explores these developments as well as the opportunities to interact with CLARIN infrastructures and initiatives to benefit the wider community
Decolonising Maternity – artists and academics in New Delhi and Brighton creating work on experiences of maternity
Get PDFIn the autumn of 2021, the Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, University of Brighton, funded a symposium led by myself Jess Moriarty and Kate Aughterson, called, Performing Maternities. The conference was a magical space where we laughed and cried over collective and individual experiences, and also the work on maternity – critical and creative – that the people taking part had produced. Creative practice informed by getting pregnant, not getting pregnant, having a baby, not having a baby, and the real and imagined stories that these times inspired meant that the event was rich and full, surprising and relatable. Part of the discussions at the event were focused on the challenges associated with maternity and particularly for people from marginalised and underserved communities. A key question arising from the event was: How can creative methods develop understanding and decolonise maternity? In this article, the authors, Jess Moriarty and Ruchika Wason Singh, discuss our response to this question via a recorded conversation and provide insights into our creative and critical work
