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Parent reports of eating behaviour and feeding practices:effects of parent and child sex
Get PDFResearch on parental feeding practices has focused on mothers, often overlooking fathers' perspectives and the influence of child sex. This study examined (1) differences between fathers' and mothers' own eating behaviours, their use of feeding practices, and perceptions of their children's eating behaviours, and (2) the role of child sex in these perceptions and practices. Parents (N = 784; 145 fathers and 639 mothers) of preschoolers (3–5 years, 51.3 % female) from the UK completed an online survey assessing their eating behaviours and feeding practices, and their child's eating behaviours. There were significant sex differences in parents' eating behaviours, with mothers reporting more emotional overeating, hunger, satiety responsiveness, and slowness in eating. Mothers and fathers did not differ in their reports of children's eating behaviours. Girls were reported to have higher levels of satiety responsiveness than boys. When exploring the interaction of parent and child sex in reports of eating behaviour, fathers reported that girls had more desire to drink. Mothers and fathers differed in their reported use of some feeding practices. Both mothers and fathers reported greater use of food for emotion regulation with girls than boys. Fathers used more encouragement of balance and variety with boys. These findings highlight distinct patterns in feeding practices and eating behaviours, influenced by both parent and child sex, suggesting that girls may be at greater risk of receiving feeding practices that contribute to the development of emotional eating. These results emphasize the need to consider the role of sex in future research and the development of tailored feeding guidance.</p
Pointless distractions and procrastination:The subtle and silent role of effort avoidance in action selection
No full textOur thesis concerns how practical reasoning normally works, and it identifies a problem with a widely shared characterization of it. In this paper, we argue that many ordinary cases of action selection, and not just exceptions involving addiction or weakness of will, exhibit an interesting form of irrationality that stems from a drive to avoid effortfulness. Focusing on two case studies, we argue that the initiation of pointless actions, and procrastination regarding well-justified actions, are often explicable by reference to effort avoidance as opposed to the agent’s explicit judgments or desires. This is so because practical reasoning is sensitive to effortfulness, and influenced by a drive to avoid effortfulness, and this very avoidance is often askew from standard inputs to practical reasoning (such as desires, beliefs, goals, and intentions). Effort avoidance thus plays a powerful and hitherto unnoticed role in many ordinary cases of action selection. As we explain, effort avoidance works subtly, by negatively affectively coloring effortful action options, and silently, without revealing effort anticipation as the source of this coloring. In so doing, effort avoidance can undermine the agent’s control over behavior by undermining the control they exercise in practical reasoning. Still, in some cases agents can bring feelings related to effortfulness into focal awareness, rendering better control over practical reasoning possible. Control is within our reach. It just happens not to be the norm in the way that standard philosophy of action would have us believe.<br/
Healing-assessment tools for perineal and cesarean section wounds in postpartum women:A scoping review
Get PDFIntroduction: Approximately 85% of women who undergo vaginal birth sustain childbirth‐related perineal trauma. Worldwide, 21% of women give birth by cesarean section. These wounds therefore affect the vast majority of women after birth; however, there is a lack of validated tools to accurately identify women with abnormal wound healing in the postpartum period. Consequently, in clinical settings, validated wound‐assessment tools are not generally used to assess wound healing in this population. We performed a scoping review to identify and characterize wound‐assessment tools that have been used to determine the healing of childbirth‐related wounds in existing research (to include women who experience perineal trauma or a cesarean section). Material and Methods: Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to April 2024. Studies were included where wound‐assessment tools were used to assess wound healing, after women had sustained either childbirth‐related perineal trauma or a cesarean section, as an outcome of a primary research article. For studies that assessed wound healing in women with perineal trauma, this included all types of childbirth‐related perineal trauma, sustained at spontaneous or assisted vaginal birth. Studies were eligible for inclusion where the wound‐assessment tool was used at any time‐point in the postpartum period. Results: There were 95 studies eligible for inclusion; 72 of which utilized wound‐assessment tools for the assessment of healing after women sustained childbirth‐related perineal trauma and 23 for women with cesarean section wounds. The REEDA tool (redness, oedema, ecchymosis, discharge, approximation) was used in 91 of the 95 studies, with the remainder using alternative wound‐assessment tools, including the use of the ASEPSIS tool (additional treatment, serous discharge, erythema, purulent exudate, separation of deep tissues, isolation of bacteria, and length of inpatient stay). Conclusions: There are limited wound‐assessment tools to determine healing after women sustain childbirth‐related wounds. The REEDA tool is the most commonly used in research settings. There is a clear need for the development of a clinically robust and inclusive wound‐ assessment tools, which comprehensively reflect the postpartum healing process among diverse populations
Shaping Trust and Impact: Business Schools, Responsibility, and Societal Impact:Reflecting on the Path Towards Integrated Research and Education
No full textThis article argues that business schools can rebuild trust and societal relevance by strategically integrating responsible research, education, and leadership. Drawing on insights from a 2025 PRME Global Forum session led by RRBM, it shows how responsible research, grounded in methodological rigour and societal relevance, naturally strengthens responsible management education. Rather than treating impact as an output, afterthought, or branding exercise, the article advocates process-oriented, context-sensitive strategies aligned with PRME principles and the UN SDGs. Through collaboration with accreditation bodies and initiatives such as RRBM, business schools can reinforce their value proposition in serving the common good.Key takeaways* Impact goes hand in hand with scientific integrity: Meaningful societal impact emerges from credible research that informs responsible education, not from superficial metrics or marketing-driven narratives. * Strategic unity matters: Aligning research, teaching, and leadership within a clear, context-aware institutional strategy strengthens public trust and enhances business schools’ legitimacy and value proposition.* Collaboration enables change: Coordinated efforts among initiatives such as RRBM, PRME, accreditation bodies, and their global frameworks are essential to achieving meaningful and lasting research impact.CONTRIBUTION TO KNOWLEDGE: This work advances management and higher education scholarship by redefining societal impact in business schools as an outcome embedded in responsible research rather than a metric-driven or reputational exercise. It develops an integrative framework linking research integrity, responsible management education, and institutional strategy within the architecture of PRME and the UN SDGs. By positioning responsible research as the primary driver of educational and leadership impact, it bridges fragmented debates on impact, accreditation, and legitimacy, extending stakeholder and responsible research theory to demonstrate how methodological rigour and societal relevance underpin institutional trust and long-term public value.ORIGINALITY: The article offers an original reconceptualisation of how business schools rebuild societal trust by embedding responsible research at the core of institutional strategy. It shifts impact from a downstream output to a systemically embedded process shaped by rigour, stakeholder engagement, and strategic alignment. Drawing on insights from the 2025 PRME Global Forum led by the Responsible Research in Business and Management (RRBM) network, it uniquely integrates responsible research, responsible management education, and accreditation logics within a unified SDG-aligned framework. This challenges prevailing metric-centric models of impact and advances a theoretically grounded alternative centred on credibility and societal value creation.SIGNIFICANCE: The work contributes to global debates on the legitimacy of business schools amid declining public trust in higher education and corporate leadership. By articulating a coherent strategy that aligns research, teaching, and governance with societal objectives, it informs reform discussions within PRME, RRBM, and accreditation communities. Its alignment with international frameworks such as PRME and the UN SDGs enhances its cross-institutional relevance, supporting business schools in strengthening their public value proposition through strategically embedded, credible impact.RIGOUR: The article is grounded in established scholarship on responsible research, stakeholder theory, and responsible management education. It integrates theoretical frameworks with insights from global policy forums, accreditation standards, and contemporary debates on research integrity and relevance. By foregrounding methodological rigour as a precondition for societal impact, it demonstrates conceptual coherence, analytical robustness, and practical applicability.LINK TO IMPACT: This research informs ongoing international dialogue within RRBM, PRME, and accreditation bodies on aligning research excellence with societal needs. Through dissemination in Global Focus (EFMD’s business magazine) and engagement in PRME and RRBM global forums, it contributes to institutional strategy discussions on embedding responsible research within governance, teaching, and leadership practices. The work supports the development of SDG-aligned impact frameworks and strengthens intellectual foundations for reforms aimed at enhancing trust, legitimacy, and long-term public value in business education
Patient perceptions of pituitary incidentaloma diagnosis and follow-up:A Pituitary Society international patient survey
No full textPurposeDetection of pituitary incidentalomas is increasing in frequency with the use of advanced imaging techniques. As an adjunct to publication of consensus guidelines on management of pituitary incidentalomas, the Pituitary Society sought to understand patient perceptions of their diagnosis, prognosis, and follow-up.MethodsAn electronic survey developed in English and translated into Japanese and Portuguese was sent to the World Alliance of Pituitary Organizations, Australian Pituitary Foundation, Pituitary Foundation UK, Associação Brasileira Addisoniana, Instituto Vidas Raras, and Pituitary Patient Advocacy Group Japan. These organizations subsequently disseminated the survey to their patient members. Survey responses were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach to capture qualitative and quantitative data.Results275 patients responded to the survey, primarily from the United Kingdom (31%), Australia (20%), Japan (18%), and Brazil (15%). Respondents were mostly aged 30–69 years, although distribution differed significantly between the English-, Japanese-, and Portuguese-language surveys (p = 0.003). Only 44% of all respondents reported learning of the incidentaloma from a specialist in neurologic disorders or endocrinology. 60% were told they had a tumor and only 38% were told it was benign or noncancerous. 58% said they were worried about the treatment or long-term complications and 26% said they were scared about having cancer or about dying. 17% received little or no specific information about what was likely to happen to the incidentaloma over time.ConclusionResults from this survey highlight gaps in physician–patient communication about pituitary incidentalomas. Our findings underscore the need for enhanced education to improve patient perceptions of their disease
Potential for scientific drilling of sediment drifts adjacent to Denmark Strait oceanic gateway
Get PDFDenmark Strait between Greenland and Iceland is an important gateway within the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation system. Flow of bottom water through Denmark Strait, called Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW), carries over half of deep Arctic-to-Atlantic flow at present but cannot be reconstructed directly from existing or proposed sediment cores for times prior to 240 thousand years. Here we assess whether sedimentary contourite drifts in Denmark Strait might be used to reconstruct a complete DSOW record, which exceeds 10 million years. Within the Blosseville Basin in the north of Denmark Strait lies a previously undescribed contourite drift that we name the Freydis Drift, of likely early Miocene-Recent age and up to about 1350 m thick. On the southern flank of the Greenland-Iceland Ridge and in the northern Irminger Basin lies the Snorri Drift, which is thinner and has more complex structure than Freydis Drift. By drilling Freydis Drift, there is good potential for recovering a continuous early Miocene-Recent sedimentary succession, with mean solid sedimentation rate comparable with the Eirík Drift to the south, that would show when Denmark Strait opened and the history of fluctuations in DSOW thereafter. A seismic site survey is required to fully realize this goal
Cross-Border Merlinian Prophecy and The Six Kings to Follow John, c. 1312-1450
No full textThis chapter explores the cross-border contexts of The Prophecy of the Six Kings to follow John, also known as the Last Six Kings of the English – a work attributed, in its various iterations, to Merlin. A partially ex eventu prophetic English king list represented by animal ciphers, its historical and futurist vision spans the reigns of Henry III (the lamb), Edward I (the dragon), Edward II (the goat), and Edward III (the boar), followed by two future rulers: the ass who is deposed by the mole, who in turn is attacked by a lion, a wolf, and a dragon, and after whose reign England is no more. The ass and the mole were identified in the fifteenth century as Richard II and Henry IV, identifications that were once incorrectly understood by twentieth-century historians to be key to the prophecy’s original moment of composition. It was placed contemporary with, and understood to speak to the interests of, the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr and his English allies – Henry Percy, the earl of Northumberland, and Edmund Mortimer – who were interpreted as the dragon, lion, and wolf. Now accepted as a text with its origins in the early decades of the fourteenth century, the Six Kings is of interest to scholars of both English and Welsh prophetic literature in relation to the wider question of its sources, legacies, and translations. In this chapter I am engaged with the situation and re-situation of the prophecy between England and Wales, from its early thematic correspondence with Welsh prophetic motifs via its Galfridian source materials, to English associations of the Six Kings with Owain and its complex fifteenth-century reception in Wales through which the Six Kings tradition emerges as politically and linguistically plural. I focus on two sequences from the Six Kings which proved to be among the most influential within wider insular prophetic traditions: the boar of Windsor who conquers Britain and much of Europe, and the lion, dragon, and wolf whose alliance spells the end of English hegemony
Generative AI in Education:Exploring EAP Faculty Perspectives at a Multicultural UAE University
No full textThis study examines the perceptions and readiness of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) faculty at a multicultural university in the UAE to integrate Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) into their teaching practices. Employing a qualitative case study approach, the research explores faculty perspectives through digital written interviews to understand the complex interplay between technological acceptance and pedagogical integration within a diverse educational setting. The findings reveal a spectrum of faculty attitudes towards GenAI, categorised into three main themes: Optimistic Integration, Cautious Acceptance, and Resistance and Scepticism. Faculty demonstrating Optimistic Integration perceive GenAI as a transformative tool that enhances educational delivery, personalises student learning, and automates routine tasks. Conversely, those with Cautious Acceptance recognise GenAI′s potential benefits but express concerns about ethical implications and the potential for technology to undermine academic integrity. The third group, exhibiting Resistance and Scepticism, focuses on the potential negative impacts of GenAI, including depersonalisation of education and loss of faculty jobs. The study underscores the need for robust faculty development programmes that address both the technological and pedagogical dimensions of GenAI. These programmes should promote understanding and skills necessary for the effective integration of GenAI, considering the institution′s multicultural and diverse linguistic backdrop. By aligning GenAI implementation with educational goals and ethical standards, the findings aim to guide policymakers, curriculum developers, and educational technology designers in fostering environments that leverage AI to enhance teaching effectiveness while respecting diverse academic needs.<br/
Measuring divergence in migration-related terminology between EU legal discourse and press articles in English and French
No full textThis paper sets out a bilingual (English and French) corpus-based approach to quantify divergence in terminology between legal discourse and news articles, triangulating a series of complementary indicators of frequency difference, predominant terms and absent terms. This methodology is then applied to purpose-built corpora consisting of EU legal discourse and newspaper articles on the subject of migration in English and French, illustrating the relevance of an approach to measuring shifts in terminological distance. The results of such a study can provide insights into the level of comprehensibility of legal discourse, which is fundamental to ensuring access to justice. This context makes it vitally important to develop such a methodology, which empirically measures whether the terminology used in EU legal discourse is continuing to diverge from language used in non-specialist settings
Availability of Pharmacy services within Acute Medicine:Analysis from the Society for Acute Medicine Benchmarking Audit 2022
No full textObjectives: Patients seen in acute medicine services are at high risk of medication errors and subsequent harm. Pharmacy services within acute medicine or emergency departments have been shown to reduce medication errors and improve patient outcomes. However, there is limited understanding of national provision of pharmacy services within acute medicine. We aimed to evaluate the current availability of pharmacy services for acute medicine patients in the UK.Methods: Data was collected through an organisational survey of acute medicine departments nationally in June 2022. Questions aimed to evaluate the organisation and availability of pharmacy services necessary to meet national guidance regarding medication reconciliation for acute admissions. Key findings: Across 129 acute hospitals in the UK, 98% utilised pharmacy services for medicines reconciliation on the acute medical unit, however only 36% of hospitals had access to these services from 9 am-5 pm on the weekend, and only 16% had access throughout the out of hours period (Monday-Sunday, 5 pm-9 am). Availability of out-of-hours services did not appear to be related to hospital size (Chi-square p=0.94). Pharmacy services were provided in the emergency department in 29% of hospitals, with only 12% providing 24/7 coverage. Conclusions: There is considerable variation in pharmacy services accessible within acute medicine services nationally. Further research is required to understand this variability, its impact on clinical outcomes, and how this could best be addressed within acute medicine. <br/
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