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Kvalitet vode za piće naselja Žiča (Kraljevo)
Get PDFThe objective of this work is to present some characteristics of water supply and drinking water quality of Žiča village. The results of analysis of of water qualty provided by the Kraljevo water supply system to most Žiča residents as well as the quality of mountain water used by fewer residents. The physicochemical and microbiological analysis of raw and desinfected water from the town’s water supply system showed its health safety. The physicochemical and microbiological analysis of mountain water indicated its poorer quality. The microbiological testing of mountain water confirm presence of Escherichia coli and mesophilic bacteria as indicators of faecal contamination. It si recommended that the whole Žiča village be connected to the water supply network of the Kraljevo town to help reduce the risk of waterborne epidemics.U radu su prikazane neke karakteristike vodosnabdevanja i kvalitet vode za piće naselja Žiča tokom 2014. i 2015. godine. Analiziran je kvalitet vode iz gradskog vodovoda Kraljevo kojom se snabdeva većina stanovnika i kvalitet planinske vode koju koristi manji broj stanovnika Žiče. Analize fizičko-hemijskih i mikrobioloških pokazatelja kvaliteta sirove i dezinfikovane vode gradskog vodovoda Kraljevo potvrđuju da je voda za piće zdravstveno bezbedna. Rezultati fizičko-hemijskih i mikrobioloških analiza planinske vode ukazuju na njen lošiji kvalitet. Uočena je bakterijska kontaminacija planinske vode bakterijom Escherichia coli i mezofilnim bakterijama koje su indikatori fekalnog zagađenja. Preporuka rada je da se kompletno naselje Žiča priključi na gradsku vodovodnu mrežu Kraljeva čime bi se smanjila mogućnost nastanka hidričnih epidemija
Sadržaj vitamina C, likopena i antioksidativna aktivnost hibrida paradajza
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the content of lycopene, vitamin C and total antioxidant activity in different hybrids of tomatoes grown in greenhouses, greenhouses type. The paper analyzes the results of the growing trials and laboratory analysis for the three new tomato hybrids. The results of these studies will provide a contribution to the antioxidant activity of tomatoes and its healing properties overall, especially in new hybrids to be introduced into production in protected areas.Cilj istraživanja bio je da se odredi sadržaj likopena, vitamina C i ukupna antioksidativna aktivnost kod različitih hibrida paradajza gajenog u zaštićenom prostoru, tipa plastenika. U radu su analizirani rezultati vegetacionih ogleda i laboratorijskih analiza za tri nova hibrida paradajza. Rezultati ovih istraživanja pružiće doprinos o antioksidativnoj aktivnosti paradajza i njegovoj sveukupnoj lekovitosti, posebno kod novih hibrida koji se uvode u proizvodnju u zaštićenim prostorima
Uticaj minazela plus na proizvodne rezultate i ekonomicnost tova junica
Get PDFThis paper presents the effects of the Minazel Plus zeolite product on the production performance – body weight, feed consumption and feed conversion, and economic performance of heifers in a fattening trial. The trial involved 22 female domestic spotted Simmental calves allocated to two groups (control C - ration without zeolite, and experimental E-I – ration with 0.2% Minazel Plus), each containing 11 calves with an average body weight of 139.09 kg at the beginning of the trial. The length of the trial period was 283 days. Ration included meadow hay and complete feed. Minazel Plus supplementation was provided through the feed concentrate. The trial involved measurement of body weights of heifers and feed consumption across groups at 31, 61, 91, 121, 151 and 283 days of the trial. Results showed that, at the end of the trial, control heifers had an average body weight of 432.73 kg/calf and concentrate feed conversion of 5.234 kg/kg weight gain, whereas the respective values in E-I heifers were 435.91 kg/calf and 5.179 kg/kg weight gain. The cost of the weight gain produced was higher by 0.33% (0.31 RSD/kg) in C calves than in E-I heifers, whereas the economic performance of the experimental animals receiving diet with Minazel Plus (0.2%) was higher by 0.29%.U radu su prikazani efekti zeolitskog preparata Minazel Plus na proizvodne rezultate –telesnu masu, konzumaciju i konverziju hrane i ekonomičnost tova ženske junadi u tovu. U ogledu je bilo 22 ženske teladi domaće šarene rase u tipu simentalca, podeljih u dve grupe (K grupa, obrok bez zeolitskog preparata i O-I grupa hranjena obrokom sa 0,2% Minazela Plus) sa po 11 grla u grupi, prosečne telesne mase na početku ogleda 139,09kg. Ogled je trajao 283 dana. Obrok je bio sastavljen od livadskog sena i potpune smeše, a Minazel Plus je dodavan preko koncentrovanog dela obroka. U toku ogleda merene su telesne mase junica i konzumacija hrane po grupama 31-og, 61-og, 91-og, 121-og, 150-og i na kraju ogleda - 283 dana. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da su junice iz kontrolne grupe na kraju ogleda imale prosečnu masu 432,73 kg/grlu i konverziju koncentrovane hrane 5,234 kg/kg prirasta, a grla iz O-I grupe prosečnu masu 435,91 kg/grlu i konverziju koncentrovane hrane 5,179 kg/kg prirasta. Cena koštanja proizvedenog prirasta bila je veća za 0,33% (0,31din/kg) kod K grupe u odnosu na O-I grupu, a u pogledu ekonomičnosti proizvodnje, ogledna grupa koja je obrokom dobijala Minazel-Plus (0,2%) imala je ekonomičniju proizvodnju za 0,29%
Ekonomski parametri u proizvodnji mleka na poljoprivrednom gazdinstvu
Get PDFThis article presents the economic analysis of two farms A and B for the period 2013-2015. Based on the data for the three years, the income and value of realized production, variable costs and gross margin were calculated, and values were measured per dairy cow for easier comparison. Efficiency in milk production largely depends on the cost of feeding dairy cows, as well on the selling price of milk. These parameters changed in the research period on both farms and significantly impacted the values of realized gross margin.U radu je data ekonomska analiza dva poljoprivredna gazdinstva A i B za period od 2013-2015. godine. Na osnovu praćenih podataka za tri godine izračunati su prihodi i vrednosti ostvarene proizvodnje, varijabilni troškovi i bruto marža, a radi lakše komparacije iskazani su rezultati po muznom grlu. Efikasnost u proizvodnji mleka u velikoj meri zavisi od troškova ishrane muznih krava, kao i prodajne cene mleka, ovi parametri su bili promenljivi u posmatranom periodu na oba gazdinstva i značajno su uticali na ostvarene vrednosti bruto marže
Đubrenje u organskoj poljoprivredi
Get PDFŽivotna sredina su prirodne i radom stvorene vrednosti i ukupan prostor u kome čovek živi i u kome su smeštena naselja, dobra u opštoj upotrebi, industrujski i drugi objekti. Prirodne vrednosti životne sredine su prirodna bogatstva, zemljište, vode, šume, vazduh, biljni i životinjski svet (Zakon o zaštiti životne sredine, Službeni Glasnik RS, 66/1991). Ona predstavlja skup prirodnih i stvorenih vrednosti čiji kompleksni međusobni odnosi čine okruženje, odnosno prostor i uslove za život (Zakon o zaštiti životne sredine, Službeni Glasnik RS, 135/2004).
Na osnovu zvaničnih definicija, jasno je da životna sredina predstavlja naseljeni deo Zemljinog prostora u kome živa bića mogu da opstanu. Ona podrazumeva kompleks svih uticaja van određenog organizma, koji dolaze, kako od nežive prirode odnosno fizičko-hemijskih uslova sredine, tako i od drugih živih bića, te zajedno deluju na dati organizam, na onom mestu na kome živi. Pod uticajem društvene delatnosti, sredina u kojoj čovek živi sve se više menja, gubeći svoj primarni izgled i svojstva. Svaka izmena životne sredine, koja se nepovoljno odražava na ljudski život i pozitivne ljudske i društvene aktivnosti smatra se zagađenjem (obično se pod tim podrazumeva unošenje hemijskih supstanci, bioloških materija ili mikroorganizama u određenu sredinu). Sve ljudske delatnosti, u manjoj ili većoj meri, utiču na životnu sredinu. Delatnosti koje mogu negativno, pa samim tim i neprihvatljivo uticati na životnu sredinu su: energetika (uključujući nuklearnu energiju), industrija, saobraćaj, poljoprivreda, urbani razvoj, turizam i rekreacija, domaćinstva, šumarstvo, ribolov i akvakultura (Slika 1). Ove delatnosti stvaraju pritiske koji mogu da budu stresni za životnu sredinu (ispuštanje zagađenja u vazduh i vodu, otpad, buka, radijacija, hemikalije i prirodne i tehnološke opasnosti)
A Guide for Using a Dictionary
Get PDFLearning vocabulary as the building blocks for communication plays an important
role in foreign and second language learning as it is an essential component of becoming a
fluent foreign language user. Very often vocabulary learning occurs as a product of reading.
While reading, a sentence could be incomprehensible to the readers by the occurrence of a
single unknown word and the learner can consult the dictionary to understand the text.
Through regular reading the learner may remember and recognize some new words he/she
came across in his/her reading. Of course, we all should be aware that no dictionary contains
every word in the language. The sciences, medicine and technology generate a lot of words
that never make it into a dictionary; numerous foreign words that appear in English-language
contexts are left out. A great many words are invented all the time and then they simply
vanish from the record.
This material has been prepared as a guide for using various types of dictionaries with
the aim of increasing foreign/second learners’ vocabulary in English as a foreign/second
language. It is convenient for the learners of different levels of English language and
appropriate to be used in different teaching/learning environments, both in face-to-face and elearning.
A guide for using a dictionary is designed to be used by high school teachers in the
field of agriculture and related fields, and agricultural advisors in Serbia. Also, it can be
useful for the current and future students of both agriculture and other fields of science, and
for professionals in other domains.
Printing of the guide is funded by TEMPUS project CaSA Building Capacity of
Serbian Agricultural Education to Link with Society, coordinated by University of Belgrade,
Faculty of Agriculture
Konstrukcija i razvoj uređaja za merenje prinosa na žitnom kombajnu
No full textYield monitor is an important development in precision farming that allows the farmers to assess the yield variability within the field during crop harvesting. In advanced countries, developed yield monitors used for high hp combines cannot be applied on small indigenous combines due to design constraint and high cost. So, to spread the use of yield monitoring combines in India, it was necessary to develop an indigenous yield monitor for indigenous combines. For development of an indigenous yield monitor, components such as auxiliary tank, load cell, inductive sensor and display unit with micro-controller were identified. Indigenous yield monitor was developed by assembling designed/selected components on local manufactured combine. Yield monitor was also calibrated and evaluated in the field. The average value of measured yield was 3931.1 kg•ha-1 with a standard deviation of 2020.8 kg•ha-1 having coefficient of variation 51% which indicated that yield variability existed within the small and marginal field.Uređaj za merenje prinosa daje značajan doprinos razvoju precizne poljoprivrede tako što farmerima omogućuje merenje promenljivosti prinosa tokom žetve. U naprednim zemljama razvijeni uređaji ne mogu da se primene na malim kombajnima domaće proizvodnje zbog visoke cene i razlika u konstrukciji. Zato postoji potreba da se proširi upotreba monitora prinosa na domaćim kombajnima u Indiji, tako šro će se razviti domaći uređaj. Za razvoj ovog uređaja određene su domaće komponente: pomoćni rezervoar, ćelija tereta, indukcioni senszor i ekran sa mikro-kontrolerom. Uređaj od ovih komponenti je postavljen na domaći kombajn, kalibrisan i ocenjen u poljsim uslovima. Srednja vrednost izmerenog prinosa iznosila je 3931.1 kg•ha-1, sa standardnom devijacijom od 2020.8 kg•ha-1 i koeficijentom varijacije od 51%, što pokazuje da je promenljivost prinosa postojala u malom i zanemarljivom interval
Kvalitativne karakteristike mikrotalasnog sušenja pečurki u fluidizovanom sloju (Agaricusbisporus)
No full textMicrowave assisted fluidized bed drying can greatly improve the quality characteristics of button mushroom (Agaricusbisporus) slices. The quality attributes such as colour, texture, rehydration ratio and sensory score of dehydrated mushrooms using microwave assisted fluidized bed drying were compared with fluidized bed and sun dried products. Microwave assisted fluidized bed dried mushrooms had better quality characteristics with high rehydration potential, better colour and softer texture than other drying techniques. The shrinkage and rehydration ratio of microwave assisted fluidized bed drying varied between 67.115%-69.12% and 3.12%-4.59%, respectively. Similarly, the hardness value and cohesiveness varied between 1.24-1.63 N and 0.19-0.49, respectively. L*, a* and b* values of dehydrated button mushroom were range between 76.1-78.8, -1.09-3.76 and 7.01-11.01, respectively. The microwave-fluidized dried mushrooms showed higher sensory score by sensory panel in terms of appearance, color and overall acceptability.Mikrotalasno sušenje u fluidizovanom sloju može značajno da unapredi kvalitet pečurki (Agaricusbisporus). Kvalitativne osobine kao što su boja, tekstura, odnos rehidracije i ukus dehidriranih pečurki su poređene sa pečurkama sušenim na suncu. Mikrotalasno sušenje je dalo bolji kvalitet sa velikim potencijalom rehidracije, lepšom bojom i mekšom teksturom nego druge tehnike sušenja. Skupljanje i odnos rehidracije bili su 67.115% - 69.12% i 3.12% - 4.59%, redom. Slično, tvrdoća i kohezija su iznosili 1.24 - 1.63 N i 0.19 - 0.49, redom. L*, a* i b* vrednosti dehidriranih pečurki su iznosile 76.1 - 78.8, -1.09 - +3.76 and 7.01 - 11.01, redom
Uticaj količine i oblika azota na produktivnost ozime pšenice
Get PDFThis paper examined the influence of the quantity and form of nitrogen on the important parameters of productivity of winter wheat. Field microexperiments were conducted in agroecological conditions of Central Serbia and loam soil type (vertisol).
The results showed significant differences in the spike length, number of spikelets, grain yield and hectoliter weight between examined quantities of nitrogen. On the contrary, a form of nitrogen had not a significant effect on the observed parameters of productivity of wheat.U ovom radu je ispitivan uticaj količine i oblika azota na važnije parametre produktivnosti ozime pšenice. Poljski mikroogled je postavljen u agroekološkim uslovima centralne Srbije i na zemljištu tipa smonica (vertisol).
Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali značajne razlike u dužini klasa, broju klasića, prinosu zrna i hektolitarskoj masi između ispitivanih količina azota. Suprotno tome, oblik azota nije ispoljio značajan uticaj na posmatrane parametre produktivnosti pšenice
Control of Oriental Fruit Moth Cydia Molesta Busck by Mating Disruption in Peach Orchards of Bulgaria
Get PDFThe trials were carried out in Bulgaria in the years 2012 and 2116. The possibilities for using mating disruption (MD) as alternative method for controlling oriental fruit moth have been studied. Isomate OFM rosso and Isomate OFM TT dispensers against oriental fruit moth, provided from Sumit Agro Bulgaria were used in this study. Percentage of damage in the experimental orchard treated with Isomate OFM rosso and Isomate OFM TT was 0.1 and 0.2 %, i.e. rather below the economical threshold; no outbreak of the OFM appearance was noted. The results obtained may open the possibilities of practical use of the method of mating disruption in Bulgaria