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Rodnost i kvalitet grožđa sorte žižak u Podgoričkom vinogorju
Get PDFIn this paper are presented the results of two years study (2014-2015) of productivity elements and quality of grape of žižak variety in Podgorica wine region. Research was carried out in the vineyard of the Biotechnical Faculty in Podgorica, which is in full productivity phase.
The results show that this variety continues to show good production characteristics, despite greater negative effect of climate changes.
Environmental factors had no significant effect on the percentage of emerged and fruiting canes. A larger number of inflorescences per emerged and fruiting cane (1.20, and 1.44, respectively), grape yield and cluster weight were achieved in 2015 (1.4 kg/m2 and 156 g). In this year a higher sugar content (22.1%) was measured. Significantly higher acid content (6.8 g/l) was measured in 2014, as a result of the heavy rainfall during the growing season.
These studies show that the elements of fertility and quality of grape žižak were in accordance with the weather conditions in the studied years.U radu su prikazani rezultati dvogodišnjih proučavanja (2014-2015) elemenata rodnosti i kvaliteta grožđa sorte žižak u podgoričkom vinogorju. Istraživanja su obavljena u vinogradu Biotehničkog fakulteta iz Podgorice koji je u fazi pune rodnosti.
Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da, i pored sve izrazitijeg negativnog dejstva klimatskih promjena, ova sorta i dalje pokazuje dobre proizvodne karakteristike.
Ekološki faktori nisu značajno uticali na procenat izbilih i rodnih lastara. Veći broj cvasti po izbilom i rodnom lastaru ( 1,20, odnosno 1,44) , prinos grožđa, kao i masa grozda ostvareni su u 2015. godini (1,4 kg/m2, odnosno 156 g). U ovoj godini utvrđen je i veći sadržaj šećera (22,1%). Značajno veći sadržaj kiselina (6,8g/l) izmjeren je u 2014.godini, štoje posljedica obilnih padavinatokom vegetacije vinove loze.
Ova istraživanja su pokazala da su elementi rodnosti i kvalitet grožđa sorte žižak bili u direktnoj saglasnosti sa meteorološkim uslovima u proučavanim godinama
Stanje, problemi i perspektiva proizvodnje voća u Zlatiborskom okrugu
Get PDFIn Zlatibor District, thanks to favorable conditions in engaging with fruit growing, there is a centuries-old tradition of fruit production and processing. The aim of this paper is to present the state of fruit growing from 2005 to 2015 and the perspectives for the development of fruit growing in this district. Fruit growing is one of the most profitable branches of agriculture, which enables the development of the underdeveloped areas of Zlatibor District. In recent years, an increasing number of people are opting for raising new modern raspberry plantations and other fruit crops too. Fragmented agricultural parcels of Zlatibor District, which has a remarkable potential for tourism, may be most cost-effectively used in organic agricultural production and agritourism.U Zlatiborskom okrugu (ZO) postoji vekovna tradicija proizvodnje i prerade voća zahvaljujući povoljnim uslovima za bavljenje voćarstvom. Cilj ovog rada je da predstavi stanje voćarstva od 2005. do 2015. godine i perspektivu njegovog razvoja u ovom okrugu. Voćarstvo je jedna od najprofitabilnijih grana poljoprivrede, jer omogućava razvoj i slabije razvijenih područja ovog okruga. Poslednjih godina sve veći broj ljudi opredeljuje se za podizanje novih savremenih zasada maline, ali i drugog voća. Usitnjene poljoprivredne parcele u ZO, koji ima izuzetan turistički potencijal, najrentabilnije se mogu iskoristiti u tzv. organskoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji i agroturizmu
Biološko-pomološke osobine autohtonih sorti šljive u agroekološkim uslovima Čačka
Get PDFThis study was carried out to determine basic biological and pomological traits of eight ex situ autochthonous plum cultivars (‘Belošljiva Ljubić’, ‘Bugarka’, ‘Cerovački piskavac’, ‘Crnošljiva’, ‘Crvena ranka’, ‘Dragačevka’, ‘Papračanka’ and ‘Petrovača’) during two consecutive years (2015 and 2016). Examination included investigation of the main phenological properties (flowering and ripening time), morphometrical (fruit and stone weight and flesh percentage) and sensorial properties of fruit (fruit scin and flesh colour, flesh firmness and stone adherence), as well as vigour (trunk cross sectional area) and cropping potential (yield per tree and yield efficiency). Studied plum cultivars flowered from the end of the first to the mid of the third decade of April and ripened during the third decade of July and the first and the second decade of August. The highest vigour and yield per tree was found in cultivar ‘Dragačevka’, while the highest yield efficiency was observed in cultivar ‘Cerovački piskavac’. Cultivar ‘Belošljiva Ljubić’ had the highest values of fruit and stone weight. The highest velue of flesh percentage was observed in cultivar ‘Dragačevka’. Dark-blue fruit skin colour was dominant, while flesh colour varied from yellowish green to yellow. Flesh was medium firm to firm and non adherent, semi adherent or adherent to the stone.Ispitivanja obuhvaćena ovim radom su sprovedena sa ciljem determinacije najvažnijih biološko-pomoloških osobina osam autohtonih sorti šljive (Belošljiva Ljubić, Bugarka, Cerovački piskavac, Crnošljiva, Crvena ranka, Dragačevka, Papračanka i Petrovača) u ex situ uslovima tokom 2015. i 2016. godine. Proučavane su najznačajnije fenološke osobine (fenofaze cvetanja i sazrevanja plodova), morfometrijske (masa ploda i koštice, randman mezokarpa ploda) i senzorne osobine ploda (boja pokožice i mezokarpa ploda, čvrstina mezokarpa i stepen prijanjanja koštice), kao i bujnost (površina poprečnog preseka debla) i rodnost (prinos po stablu i koeficijent rodnosti). Proučavani genotipovi šljive su cvetali od kraja prve do sredine treće dekade aprila, a sazrevali tokom treće dekade jula i prve i druge dekade avgusta. Najvećom bujnošću i najvišim prinosom po stablu se odlikovala sorta Dragačevka, dok je najviši indeks rodnosti utvrđen kod sorte Cerovački piskavac. Najveća masa ploda i koštice su utvrđene kod sorte Belošljiva Ljubić, a najveći randman mezokarpa ploda kod sorte Dragačevka. Dominirala je tamno plava boja pokožice ploda. Mezokarp ploda je bio žute ili žuto-zelene boje, srednje čvrst do čvrst, dok je koštica bila slobodna, delimično slobodna ili je u potpunosti prijanjala za mezokarp ploda
Kinetic Study of Oxidation Degradation of Polyphenols in Sour Cherry and Blackberry Extracts During Storage
Get PDFIn this study was to investigate the influence of storage time, light and temperature on stability of polyphenols in sour cherry (Prunus cerasus) and blackberry (Rubus fruticosus), were harvested in western Serbia (Rasinski region). Total phenol content was monitored in the fruit extracts during 23 days stored at 7°C under darkness and 90 days storage at 23°C in oxygen. For analyzed extracts, first-order reaction kinetics was established for the degradation process of polyphenols. The temperature dependence of the polyphenols degradation rate constants was expressed by the temperature coefficients Q10 of the process. It is found that the Q10 values of polyphenols degradation in sour cherry and blackberry extracts were 1.247 and 3.239, respectively
Upotreba alternativnih izvora energije u poljoprivredi u cilju zaštite životne sredine
Get PDFDue to modern economic, technological and social development, the science encounters numerous problems, the solutions of which should provide clear guidelines for further existence. This intention represents a starting point in finding solutions and providing answers to numerous questions. One of the above-mentioned questions is the one related to exploitation of well-known and widely exploited energy sources.
The objective of this paper is the attempt to provide answers and solutions that should point the way to use of alternative energy sources, especially in the segment of agriculture, which, along with other fields, appears in the capacity of a large energy consumer.
In this sense, the insufficiently exploited energy sources, such as solar energy, water, wind, biomass energy and other, joined with institutional support of the state represent the only path to sustainable development.Zahvaljujući savremenom ekonomskom, tehnološkom i društvenom razvoju, pred naukom se nalaze brojni problemi čija rešenja treba da daju jasne smernice za dalju egzistenciju. Sa takvom namerom se kreće u iznalaženje rešenja i pružanje odgovora na brojna pitanja. Jedno od njih je i ono u vezi sa iscrpljivanjem poznatih i široko eksploatisanih izvora energije.
Cilj ovog rada je pokušaj pružanja odgovora i rešenja koja bi trebalo da upute na korišćenje izvora energije alternativne prirode, a naročito u segmentu poljoprivrede koja se kao i druge oblasti pojavljuje u ulozi velikog potrošača energije.
U tom smislu, nedovoljno eksploatisani izvori energije, kao što su: energija sunca, energija vode, energija vetra, energija biomase i dr., a uz institucionalnu podršku države, predstavljaju jedini put ka održivom razvoju
Tehnološki potencijal lekovitog bilja Balkana
Get PDFBalkan Peninsula abounds with large number of medical herbal species. Throughout traditional usage and modern science presence of significant compounds with high biological activities. Aim of modern science is development of groceries with beneficial effects on human health. Such products reduce risk of development of various diseases allowing the prevention in the same time. Application of medical herbs and their extracts represent a new trend in food industry with high potential for development new technological processes as well as new products. In this study, application of stinging nettle leaves in the formulation of new bakery products was described.Balkansko poluostrvo obiluje značajnim brojem lekovitih biljnih vrsta. Kroz tradicionalnu upotrebu i savremenu nauku dokazano je prisustvo značajnih jedinjenja u lekovitom bilju sa visokom biloškom aktivnošću. Cilj nauke danas je razvoj prehrambenih proizvoda koji pozitivno utiču na zdravlje, daju mogućnost prevencije i istovremeno smanjuju rizik od pojave bolesti. Primena lekovitog bilja i njihovih ekstrakta je nov trend u prehrambenoj industriji koji je stvorio širok tehnološki potencijal za razvoj novih tehnoloških procesa i proizvoda različite namene. U radu je dat primer opravdanosti primene lista koprive u formulaciji funkcionalnih pekarskih proizvoda
Procena energetskog i proteinskog statusa mlečnih krava na osnovu sadržaja proteina, masti i uree u mleku
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to determine energy and protein status of dairzu cows on the basis changes of fat, protein and urea contents in milk. The experimental cows were assigned to three groups: Group 1 (n=12) including clinically healthy in the start lactation (7±3) days after calving , Group 2 (n=12) comprising clinically healthy cows in the early lactation (22±15) days after calving and Group 3 (n=12) made up of clinically healthy mid lactation cows (133±75) days of lactation. Milk samples were collected from all experimental cows. Milk samples were analysed for fat, protein and urea to estimate energy and protein status in the cows. In the groups cows in early lactation diet was adequate supplied with energy, but with sufficit in the protein.The cows are under state of strong negative energy balance. In the group of cows in mid lactation diet was optimal with energy, but with suficit in the protein.The cows were in mild negative energy billance. Estimation energy and protein status on the basis the changes of fat, proten and urea contents in the milk can be the efficiently diagnostic method in the farms of dairy cows,Cilj ovog rada je bio da se odredi energetski i proteinski status krava rase Holštajn na osnovu promena vrednosti koncentracija masti, uree i proteina u mleku tokom postpartalnog perioda i pune laktacije. Životinje su svrstane u tri grupe. U prvoj grupi (Grupa 1, n=12),) nalazile su se klinički zdrave krave na samom početku laktacije, kod kojih je mleko uzorkovano u periodu (7±3) dana posle teljenja. U drugoj grupi (Grupa 2 , n =12), su bile klinički zdrave krave kod kojih je mleko uzorkovano u periodu od 10 do 30 dana posle teljenja (22±15 dana), dok su u trećoj grupi (Grupa 3, n=12), bile klinički zdrave u punoj laktaciji i to u periodu od 90 do 150 dana laktacije (133± 75 dana). Iz uzorkovanog mleka određivane su koncentracije masti, proteina i uree. Na osnovu promena vrednosti masti, proteina i uree u mleku i njihovog međusobnog odnosa utvrđivan je energetski i proteinski status kod mlečnih krava. Kod grupa krava na početku laktacije na osnovu sastava mleka može se zaključiti da je obrok bio optimalno snabdeven sa energijom, ali postoji suficit proteina. Krave se nalaze u stanju izraženog negativnog bilansa energije. Kod grupe krave u punoj laktaciji obrok je bio optimalno snabdeven sa energijom, ali postoji suficit proteina. Krave se nalaze u stanju blagog negativnog bilansa energije. Procena energetskog i proteinskog statusa mlečnih krava na osnovu promena vrednosti masti, proteina i uree u mleku i njihovog međusobnog odnosa predstavlja pouzdanu i jeftinu i lako primenjivu dijagnostičku metodu na farmamam mlečnih krava
Proizvodne performanse brojlerskih roditelja u toku produkcije jaja za nasad
Get PDFWhen growing broiler breeder important to achieve the highest possible production of eggs, with minimal mortality hens and roosters, and that the smaller daily feed consumption per head, or produced breeding egg. To determine production characteristics of broilers Cobb 500 parents conducted research on the flock through the 38 weeks of production. During the study are accompanied by the following production parameters: the mortality of parents and the intensity of load hatching eggs, it is also the goal of this work.
Based on the results obtained during the research, in terms of production traits, it can be concluded that investigated the parent flock of heavy hybrid Cobb 500 proved satisfactory genetic potential in relation to the regulations Breeders Cobb 500.Prilikom gajenja brojlerskih roditelja bitno da se ostvari što veća proizvodnja jaja, uz minimalna uginuća nosilja i pijetlova, kao i da je što manja dnevna potrošnja hrane po grlu, odnosno proizvedenom priplodnom jajetu. Za utvrđivanje proizvodnih osobina brojlerskih roditelja hibrida Cobb 500 sprovedena su istraživanja na matičnom jatu kroz 38 nedjelja proizvodnje. Tokom istraživanja praćeni su sljedeći proizvodni parametri: mortalitet roditelja i intenzitet nosivosti priplodnih jaja.
Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata tokom istraživanja, u pogledu proizvodnih osobina, može se zaključiti da je ispitivano matično jato teškog hibrida Cobb 500 pokazalo zadovoljavajući genetski potencijal u odnosu na propise selekcionera hibrida Cobb 500
Žetva strnih žita i uljane repice kombajnima New Holland CX 8090 i New Holland CR 9080
No full textThe article is focused on evaluation of the throughput, the fuel consumption and the performance of combine harvesters New Holland CX 8090 and New Holland CR 9080 during harvest of cereals and oilseeds rape. During harvest of winter wheat the throughput of New Holland CR 9080 combine harvester was 15,73 kg∙s-1. The throughput of New Holland CX 8090 was 13,27 kg∙s-1. The throughput of the combine harvester New Holland CR 9080, during harvest of winter wheat, was 12,60 kg∙s-1 for the New Holland CX 8090 it was 8,68 kg∙s-1. The fuel consumption of New Holland CR 9080 was 17,3l·ha-1 during harvest of winter wheat and 16,4 l·ha-1 while harvesting winter oilseed rape. New Holland CX 8090 had consumption 16,5 l·ha-1 for winter wheat and 15,9 l·ha-1 for winter oilseed rape. General operational performance pW07 during harvest of winter wheat was, for the New Holland CR 9080, 4,26 l·ha-1, weight operational performance mW07 was equal to 21,91 t.h-1. For harvesting wheat with New Holland CX 8090 the general operational performance pW07 was 3,70 ha.h-1 and the weight operational performance mW07 was 19,03 t.h-1. While harvesting oilseed rape the surface operational performance pW07 for CR 9080 was 3,13 ha.h-1, for CX 8090 it was 2,79 ha.h-1. The weight operational performance, of the combine harvester New Holland CR, mW07 was 10,00 t.h-1, the combine harvester CX 8090 had mW07 equal 8,90 t.h-1.Rad se bavi ocenjivanjem protoka, potrošnje goriva i performansi kombajna New Holland CX 8090 i New Holland CR 9080 u žetvi strnih žita i uljane repice. U žetvi ozime pšenice protok kod New Holland CR 9080 bio je 15,73 kg∙s-1. Protok kod New Holland CX 8090 bio je 13,27 kg∙s-1. Protok kod New Holland CR 9080 u žetvi ozime pšenice bio je 12,60 kg∙s-1, a kod New Holland CX 8090 8,68 kg∙s-1. Potrošnja goriva kod New Holland CR 9080 bila je 17,3l·ha-1 u žetvi ozime pšenice i 16,4 l·ha-1 u žetvi ozime uljane repice. New Holland CX 8090 imao je potrošnju od 16,5 l·ha-1 kod žetve ozime pšenice i 15,9 l·ha-1 pri žetvi uljane repice. Opšte radne performanse pW07 pri žetvi ozime pšenice bile su, kod New Holland CR 9080, 4,26 l·ha-. Pri žetvi žita sa New Holland CX 8090 opšte performance bile su pW07 3,70 ha.h-1
Mapiranje potencijalnih zona podzemnih voda i identifikacija veštačkih izvora dopune u oblasti Dharta watershed, Udaipur, Rajasthan, upotrebom RS I GIS
No full textGroundwater is a precious resource of limited extent. A systematic planning of groundwater exploitation using modern techniques is essential for the proper utilization and management of this precious but shrinking natural resource. In the present study, Geographical Information System (GIS) is used to integrate multi parametric data to generate several thematic maps, delineate groundwater potential zones and identify sites of artificial recharge in the Dharta watershed, Udaipur, Rajasthan (India). The thematic layers considered to delineate groundwater potential zones are geomorphology, recharge, geology, soil, slope, topographic elevation and transmissivity, which were prepared using conventional maps and data. All these themes and their individual features were then assigned weights according to their relative importance in groundwater occurrence and the corresponding normalized weights were obtained based on the Saaty’s analytical hierarchy process. The thematic layers were finally added using Arc GIS software to yield groundwater potential zone map of the study area. Thus, three different groundwater potential zones were identified viz., ‘good’, ‘moderate’ and ‘poor’. The area having ‘good’ groundwater potential is about 10.7 km2 which is about 19.62 per cent of the total study area. The thematic layers used in this study to determine artificial recharge zones are transmissivity, recharge, topographic elevation, soil and slope. These layers were combined using boolean logic analysis to delineate zones of suitability for artificial recharge structures. The area suitable for artificial recharge is 7.84 km2 which is 14.37 per cent of the total study area.Podzemna voda je dragocen izvor ograničenog obima. Sistematsko planiranje korišćenja podzemne vode upotrebom savremenih tehnika je osnova pravilne upotrebe i upravljanja ovim dragocenim prirodnim resursom. U ovom istraživanju je korišćen GIS za integraciju više parametara i dobijanje nekoliko tematskih mapa potencijalnih izvora podzemne vode. Tematski slojevi su: geomorfologija, obnova, geologija, zemljište, nagib, topografska elevacija i prenosivost, koji su pripremljeni upotrebom konvencionalnih mapa i podataka. Sve ove teme i njihovi pojedini entiteti su vrednovani prema značaju za pojavu podzemne vode. Tematski slojevi su na kraju dodati Arc GIS programom u mapu potencijalnih zona podzemne vode. Tako su identifikovane tri različite zone: ‘dobra’, ‘umerena’ i ‘slaba’. Oblast u klasi ‘dobra’ ima oko 10.7 km2 što je oko 19.62% cele oblasti