Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences
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Investigating the Effects of Irradiation on the Performance of Carbyne-Based Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors
No full textThis study investigates the effects of irradiation on the performance of carbyne-based surface acoustic wave sensors for ethanol sensing. Carbyne, a carbon allotrope, shows promise in sensing applications, but its stability under radiation, relevant in nuclear and medical settings, is not investigated yet. SAW devices coated with carbyne-enriched films were exposed to 100 kRad of irradiation, and their ethanol-sensing performance was evaluated before and after exposure by measuring impedance, phase angle, resistance, capacitance, and signal response. After irradiation, a slight increase in impedance (approximately 1%) was observed across the frequency range, and the phase angle shifted, with a maximal deviation of approximately 10°. The contact resistance negligibly increased, while the interface capacitance decreased by almost one order of magnitude for some frequencies. Most importantly, the voltage difference between the output and the input signal increased from a 17 mV before irradiation to 172 mV after exposure to 100 kRad, indicating improved sensitivity. Results indicate that irradiation doesn't negatively impact sensor performance; in fact, it enhances sensitivity to ethanol. The study provides insights into the stability of carbyne coatings under harsh conditions and the reliability of carbyne-based SAW sensors following irradiation.MIEL : 34th International Conference on Microelectronics; October 13-16, 2025, Niš, Serbia
Yellow Gentian infusion mitigates ɤ-rays induced genotoxic effects by altering levels of DNA repair enzymes
No full textIonizing radiation from natural and artificial sources causes DNA damage, directly and indirectly, inducing strand breaks and generating reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress and biomolecular alterations. Yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea) root infusion has shown genoprotective potential by activating antioxidative defense and promoting DNA repair of radiation-induced cellular damage. This study aimed to elucidate the pre-treatment effect of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL of yellow gentian root infusion on genomic damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to 0.5 and 2 Gy of gamma radiation (source 60Co). Micronucleus frequency, proliferation index, and DNA fragmentation were assessed, along with expression of DNA repair genes 8-oxoguanine glycosylase-1 (OGG1), Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase1 (PARP1), and X-ray repair cross-complementing-1 (XRCC1), via real- time PCR. Pretreatment with 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL infusion significantly reduced micronucleus formation and DNA fragmentation in irradiated cells at 2 Gy, indicating protection against radiation-induced genetic damage. The results showed a decrease in proliferation index at 0.5 Gy, suggesting that treatments inhibited cell proliferation after exposure to the lower radiation doses. XRCC1 expression was significantly upregulated with 2 Gy at all treatment concentrations, indicating enhanced base excision repair activity. PARP expression increased significantly at all treatments’ concentrations following 0.5 Gy irradiation, and at 2 Gy, induction occurred only at 0.5 and 1 mg/mL, reflecting dose-dependent modulation of PARP-mediated repair. OGG1 expression remained unchanged under all tested conditions. The results demonstrate that yellow gentian root infusion activates the base excision DNA repair pathway and may serve as a promising agent for mitigating radiation-induced damage in developing effective radiation protection strategies.4th Congress of Geneticists in Bosnia and Herzegovina with International Participation - CONGUB&H; October 2-4, 2025; Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina.Special edition of the journal Genetics & Applications
Generation and verification of W-state in linearly coupled waveguide arrays
No full textWe propose an innovative approach to W-state generation and verification based on the self-imaging of light in coupled waveguide arrays. Provided is also a formal proof of the W-state entanglement.Conference on Lasers & Electro-Optics CLEO 2025; 4–9 May 2025, Long Beach, California, United States
Microwave-assisted synthesis and evaluation of biological activity of novel naphthenic acid derivatives from Vojvodina crude oil “Velebit”
No full textThe remediation of tailing water from mining operations remains a critical challenge for the oil sand industry, primarily because of the presence of toxic naphthenic acids (NAs). To explore their potential value-added utilization, new amides, alcohols, and hydroxamic derivatives of natural naphthenic acids were synthesized in the absence of catalysts and/or solvents using a microwave reactor, thereby achieving a rapid, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly approach. The obtained compounds were evaluated for their biological activities, including plant root promotion, bacterial growth stimulation, and cytotoxicity against human carcinoma cell lines. Naphthenic alcohols showed a strong stimulatory effect on adventitious root appearance in sunflower cuttings, whereas some derivatives enhanced the proliferation of Pseudomonas sp. isolates compared with NAs and exhibited good antiproliferative activity against HT-29 cancer cells
Characterization of PM particles during fog/haze in Užice, Serbia: novel approach in purification
No full textUžice, a town in Western Serbia, is surrounded by hills and mountain slopes and it is located in the river valley. The heating is mainly based on fossil fuels; wood; biomass, and vehicle exhaust releases a lot of PM10, PM2.5, ultrafine particles, and sometimes benzo(a)pyrene, so agglomeration is classified as the 3rd level polluted. High humidity leads to fog and haze, which may contain carbonaceous, silicate, S- and N-based, biological particles that negatively impact human health. The fog/haze, PM particles and soot are major problems in town, especially during winter to human health. This study examines PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 fractions, emphasizing the morphology, chemical composition, and the size of particles. Special attention is given to the PM2.5 particles. The average annual PM2.5 particle mass concentrations were 41, 32 μg/m3 during 2022, 2023, respectively. The winter PM particles during fog analyzed in December 2022. The spring haze occurred during March and April in 2023, so PM particles analyzed with constituents: soot, ash, silicate, metals, during rapid weather changes. The identified elements in PM2.5 particles were: C, O, H, S, N, Ca, Si, Al, Mg, K, Fe. The mass concertation and composition of PM2.5 “urban” particles are the most abundant during winter. The particles are more abundant in urban areas, compared to the suburb areas. Specially projected sintered filters, adjusted in chemical composition with addition of waste powder for enhanced performance, will adsorb PM particles in chimney heating plant
Electrochemical analysis of NiFeMo on the cathode catalysts for the alkaline water electrolysis
No full textIn the quest for sustainable energy solutions, green hydrogen production through alkaline water electrolysis is pivotal. This study focuses on enhancing hydrogen production efficiency by investigating catalysts composed of d-metals (Ni, Co, and Mo) added in situ on a nickel surface. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the hydrogen adsorption energy for Ni aligns well with existing literature. Incorporating Fe atoms weakens hydrogen binding compared to pure Ni, while Mo atoms strengthen it. At lower current densities, voltage reductions range from 4% to 18% at higher densities with NiFeMo catalysts compared to non-activated systems. Electrochemical techniques, including polarization curves and impedance spectroscopy, were utilized to explore the electrocatalytic performance in hydrogen evolution reactions. Morphological analysis using SEM and EDS mapping showed a surface featuring parallel indents, holes, and small agglomerations in the catalyst layer. The Ni map follows the pattern of parallel scuffs on the surface.Advanced Ceramics and Application : 13th Serbian Ceramic Society Conference : Program and the Book of Abstracts; September 8-10, 2025; Belgrade
Magneto-optical ceramics based on rare earth oxides for near- and medium infrared wavelength range
No full textAdvanced Ceramics and Application : 13th Serbian Ceramic Society Conference : Program and the Book of Abstracts; September 8-10, 2025; Belgrade
Room Temperature Mössbauer Characterization of Ferrite with Spinel Structure
No full textCobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticle were obtained by different synthesis methods: coprecipitation (CO), ultrasonically assisted coprecipitation (US-CO), coprecipitation followed by mechanochemical treatment (MC-CO), microemulsion (ME) and microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis (MW-HT). The structure and cation distribution are investigated by XRD diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy. The parameters such as chemical shift, quadruple splitting and hyperfine field and site occupancy of Fe3+ were determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The 57Fe-Mössbauer spectrа of the CoFe2O4 wеrе measured at room temperature in ± 12 mm s-1 Doppler velocity range. The 57Fe-Mössbauer spectrа of the CoFe2O4 samples wеrе fitted with the extended Voigt-based fitting method. Keywords
The path to better education of engineers using open data - a practical example in the Republic of Serbia
No full textThis paper presents a real-world case of using open data to improve learning outcomes in the education of future graduate engineers based on the use of open data in synergy with an open API to collect real-time data. This enables students to acquire knowledge based on real-world data rather than relying on artificially generated datasets. Such an approach allows students to encounter real-life examples during their studies and to become familiar with the entire process - from data collection at the source, through storage, filtering, and other processing steps, to obtaining meaningful and usable final results.IOC2025 : 56th International October Conference on Mining and Metallurgy; October 22-25, 2025, Bor Lake, Serbia
Structural changes in pyrophyllite induced by mechanochemical modification and zinc oxide doping
No full textThis study investigates the structural modifications of natural pyrophyllite that occur following mechanochemical treatment and subsequent doping with zinc oxide. Pyrophyllite ore with an initial particle size of approximately 180 μm was mechanically milled using a SPEX Mixer mill at 30 Hz for 15 minutes. Mechanochemically activated samples were then doped with 2 wt% ZnO and subjected to the same milling conditions. The structural and morphological transformations of the samples were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM- EDS), and particle size analysis by laser diffraction. XRD analysis revealed a decrease in reflection intensity, accompanied by broadening of the reflections, indicating a disorder in the crystal structure of the modified pyrophyllite sample. The introduction of zinc oxide led to a further decrease in peak intensities. SEM analysis revealed the formation of aggregates in the mechanically milled sample. The decrease in particle size was observed for doped samples. Particle size analysis confirmed a reduction in median particle size from 172 μm to 3.997 μm after milling, with a slight increase to 4.980 μm following ZnO doping. Specific surface area increased significantly with mechanochemical activation, from 0.04 m²/g to 2.25 m²/g, and slightly decreased to 2.06 m²/g after doping. These results confirm the effectiveness of mechanochemical treatment and ZnO doping in modifying the structural and surface characteristics of pyrophyllite, implying potential for enhanced sorption capacity, which is necessary for removing pollutants from wastewater.IOC2025 : 56th International October Conference on Mining and Metallurgy; October 22-25, 2025, Bor Lake, Serbia