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Bioactive Structure Development on Ti/Zr/Ti/Si and Ti/Cu/Ti/Si Thin Films via Laser Irradiation
No full textThe fundamental trend in the development of biocompatible materials such as thin films is to enhance their characteristics to guarantee the operation of these systems without posing any risks to human health [1-6]. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the chemical composition, morphology, microstructural and biocompatibility of materials based on titanium thin layers that were obtained through an unconventional process of physical deposition from the vapor phase using a multidisciplinary approach. On the other hand, irradiation with ultrashort laser pulses in the pico- and femtosecond time range was carried out to more thoroughly investigate the adherence of cell cultures on the materials thus generated, as well as the formation of micro- and nanostructures. The deposited and laser-modified thin layers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical profilometry. The uniformity of the deposited layers in the cross-section was confirmed by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), whereby the depth profiles were used for the determination of the elemental composition and spatial distribution of the elements. Chemical analysis of the surface of Ti/Cu/Ti and Ti/Zr/Ti thin layers revealed enhanced oxidation following by laser irradiation. Furthermore, STEM/EDS research revealed that elements of the subsurface layer diffused as a result of laser radiation, and zirconium and copper were consistently distributed across the layer’s depth, with a concentration of around 1-2 percent by weight. The results of the MTT test and the analysis of morphological changes showed that the laser-modified thin layers are not cytotoxic. The mean viability of MRC-5 cells in contact with laser-modified Ti/Zr/Ti and Ti/Cu/Ti is higher than the mean viability of cells without thin layers as well as the control sample (pure titanium).19th Photonics Workshop, (International Conference), Kopaonik, March 08-12, 2026
Theoretical prediction, synthesis and mechanical properties of non-equimolar (Ta-Hf-Zr-Nb-Ti)B2 entropy-stabilised borides
No full textThis study investigates the prediction and synthesis of non-equimolar entropy-stabilised borides based on the (TaxHfxZrxTixNbx)B2 structure. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations combined with Special Quasirandom Structures (SQS), formation energy was applied to identify stable single-phase compositions. Three compositions were selected for experimental study: (Ta0.6Hf0.1Zr0.1Nb0.1Ti0.1)B2, (Ta0.6Hf0.25Zr0.05Nb0.05Ti0.05)B2, (Ta0.6Hf0.2Zr0.1Nb0.05Ti0.05)B2. The effect of different transition metal concentrations on the synthesis and mechanical properties of entropy-stabilised borides was investigated. XRD analysis confirmed the single-phase solid solutions in all cases. These compositions exhibited hardness between ∼ 22 and 23 GPa, significantly higher when compared to the equimolar counterpart (∼ 19 GPa). Similarly, the specific wear rate was markedly reduced to 4.03 × 10−9 mm3/N·m, compared to 5.16 × 10−8 mm3/N·m for the equimolar sample. These results demonstrate that refining the high-entropy concept towards non-equimolar, medium-entropy, compositions through precise molar ratio selection enhances mechanical performance in transition metal diborides
Design of NdOCl/Nd2O3 nanocomposite for sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of pesticide Carbofuran in environmental and food samples: Explanation of the sensing mechanism
No full textCarbofuran (CBF), as a widely used carbamate pesticide, poses significant risks to human health due to its persistence and poor degradability, resulting in soil and water contamination. The existence of a sensitive and reliable sensor for CBF detection is crucial for environmental monitoring. In this study, a neodymium oxychloride/neodymium oxide (NdOCl/Nd2O3) nanocomposite, synthesized via a single-step hydrothermal method, was used for the first time to functionalize the electrode surface and to enhance the electrochemical detection of CBF. Comprehensive morphological (XRPD, ATR-FTIR, XPS and SEM) confirmed nanostructure formation with the mean particle size of (21 ±2) nm (NdOCl) and (14 ±1) nm (Nd2O3). Electrochemical (CV, EIS, DPV) analysis confirmed that NdOCl/Nd2O3 incorporation in the electrode structure significantly improved the electrocatalytic response. This study also includes DFT modeling, which provided detailed insights into the analyte's redox behavior underlying the observed electrochemical response. The resulting sensor exhibited a broad linear detection range (3–200 µM), low detection (0.813 µM) and quantification limits (2.711 µM), and high sensitivity (0.8 µA µM-1 cm-2). Its practical applicability was successfully demonstrated in real sample analysis, achieving excellent recovery rates and validation via UV–Vis spectroscopy. This study highlights the potential of NdOCl/ Nd2O3-modified electrodes as a promising platform for effective CBF monitoring in environmental and food samples
The installation for preheating domestic hot water with waste heat from air conditioners
No full textInstalacija za predgrevanje sanitarne vode otpadnom toplotom iz klima uređaja predstavlja tehničko rešenje za iskorišćenje toplote iz spoljašnjih jedinica klima uređaja za predgrevanje sanitarne vode. Instalacija za predgrevanje sanitarne vode otpadnom toplotom iz klima uređaja se sastoji od najmanje pet modula (1) za hlađenje toplog vazduha iz spoljašnjih jedinica E klima uređaja, priključka (2) na vodovodnu cev na poslednjem spratu, prvog pregradnog ventila (3), prve spusne cevi (4) hladne vode, distribucione grane (5) hladne vode, kolektorske grane (6) tople vode na svakom spratu, druge spusne cevi (7) tople vode, drugog pregradnog ventila (8), akumulacionog rezervoara (9) tople vode, sigurnosnog ventila (10), paketa (11) fazno promenljivih materijala, prvog merača (13) temperature, drugog merača (14) temperature, prve jedinice (15) za upravljanje, prvog ventila (16) sa motornim pogonom, drugog ventila (17) sa motornim pogonom, trećeg merača (18) temperature, druge jedinice (19) za upravljanje i trećeg ventila (20) sa motornim pogonom. Instalacija za predgrevanje sanitarne vode otpadnom toplotom iz klima uređaja je instalacija koja se postavlja na stambenu ili poslovnu zgradu na kojoj se nalazi najmanje pet spoljašnjih jedinica klima uređaja.Broj prijave: MP-2025/0034Podaci o nosiocu prava: INSTITUT ZA NUKLEARNE NAUKE "VINČA"INSTITUT OD NACIONALNOG ZNAČAJA ZA REPUBLIKU SRBIJU, UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11351 Beograd-Vinča , RSPriznati datum podnošenja prijave: 11.06.2025
Dispersion-managed electromagnetic pulse transparency in arrays of coupled microcavities
No full textWe examine theoretically the transparency of electromagnetic pulses through an infinite one-dimensional array of coupled optical microcavities uniformly filled with superconducting qubits-one per cavity. Two types of hybrid matter-light waves, i.e., polaritons and self-induced transparency solitons, govern the transparency of electromagnetic radiation in these media. The spectrum of linear excitations, i.e., polaritons, consists of two branches separated by a relatively wide forbidden band. In the nonlinear regime, the dispersion relation of the carrier wave is determined by soliton width that is controlled by the reciprocal qubit frequency. The separate dispersion curves lie within the polariton forbidden band. Soliton transparency requires that the carrier wave frequency exceeds a threshold value; the latter depends strongly on the pulse width. We find that for pulses with widths ranging from ultrashort to an intermediate limit, the threshold is of the order of the gap frequency value in the photon spectrum. For wider pulses, the threshold frequency gradually decreases to values that are toward the edge of the polariton lower band, provided the soliton width is larger than a critical value. In the overcritical regime, the bandgap appears in the spectrum of the soliton carrier wave, while a twin transparency window appears in the soliton pulse dispersion law. A possible experimental observation of the predicted effects within the proposed setup would be of interest in understanding the properties of self-induced transparency in general and applications in the design of quantum technological devices.This is the peer-reviewed version of the article: Ivić, Z., Pržulj, Ž., Chevizovich, D., & Tsironis, G. P. (2026). Dispersion-managed electromagnetic pulse transparency in arrays of coupled microcavities. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 36(1). [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0295729
Structure-property coupling in cracked iron oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis conditions, magnetic properties, MRI relaxivity and biocompatibility
No full textThis study reports a simple and environmentally friendly synthesis of hematite nanoparticles with tunable magnetic properties, including quasi-superparamagnetic behavior and a suppressed Morin transition. The hematite nanoparticles were synthesized via high-temperature hydrolysis of aqueous FeCl3, with synthesis durations of 3 h (sample S1) and 6 h (sample S2). XRD analyses confirmed the formation of phase-pure hematite, while TEM imaging revealed a distinctive cracked-spherical morphology with an average diameter of ≈ 35 nm and surface cracks 1–2 nm wide. The critical size for superparamagnetism and the suppression of the Morin transition below 150 K in hematite (α-Fe2O3) remain insufficiently studied. Magnetic properties revealed a size- and surface-dependent magnetic behavior. Sample S1 exhibited quasi-superparamagnetic behavior, characterized by a high blocking temperature (TB ≈ 275 K) and an irreversibility temperature exceeding room temperature (Tirr > 300 K). In contrast, sample S2 displayed a strongly suppressed Morin transition at TM ≈ 130 K. These results show that hematite nanoparticles ≈ 35 nm in size approach the superparamagnetic threshold. We attribute the modified magnetic response to enhanced surface disorder and strain associated with the cracked morphology, supported by XRD strain analysis (Williamson–Hall), HRTEM evidence of structural disorder and comparative discussion with non-cracked hematite. In addition to their tunable magnetic properties, the hematite nanoparticles demonstrated a promising potential for biomedical applications, exhibiting transverse and longitudinal MRI relaxivities (r2 ≈ 4.58 mM−1s−1 and r1 ≈ 0.075 mM−1s−1, respectively) and low cytotoxicity. This work highlights the importance of surface morphology and particle size in controlling the magnetic behavior of hematite nanostructures and their potential use as MRI contrast agents.This is the peer-reviewed version of the article: Djošić, M., Panjan, M., Čekada, M., Lazović, J., & Tadić, M. (2026). Structure-property coupling in cracked iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis conditions, magnetic properties, MRI relaxivity and biocompatibility. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 186216. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186216
Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Silica-Reinforced SBR/NR/NBR Rubber Composites for Boot Tread Production
No full textThis study investigated the influence of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) at 5 and 15 phr on the properties of silica-filled styrene-butadiene /polyisoprene (SBR/NR) rubber blends intended for boot tread production. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy evaluated the performance of the resulting SBR/NR/NBR composites with Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR), which confirmed interactions between the rubber matrix and the silica filler. In addition, changes in thermal and mechanical properties, as well as crosslinking parameters, were systematically examined. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) are used to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structural, thermal, and mechanical behavior of silica-reinforced SBR/NR/NBR composites. The rheological characteristics of the tested composites were examined as a function of the mixture ratio. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed variations in the sample’s surface roughness and morphology with varying rubber blend ratios. The findings confirmed that incorporating NBR improves filler dispersion, increases cross-link density, and enhances mechanical properties, including hardness and tensile strength, while also influencing thermal stability and curing behavior. The results suggest the potential of these composites for reliable, efficient sole manufacturing in the footwear industry, where durability, strength, and processability are critical requirements
Modelling Of Fuel Consumption And Fuel Cost Analysis For Vehicles Combination Intended For Compressed Natural Gas Transportation
No full textThe paper presents a fuel consumption estimation model for vehicles with different fuel types, diesel and compressed natural gas, whose main activity is the transportation of compressed natural gas. The model combines the effects of operational conditions and technical characteristics of vehicles and bodies on fuel consumption. Its output results are displayed as fuel consumption expressed in kilograms of fuel burned per kilometer traveled, depending on the operational speed and the amount of gas transported. The approach includes the effects of different body types, pressure vessels made of steel and composite materials, and their technical characteristics concerning volumes, pressures, and construction materials on transported amount of gas, vehicle mass utilization, fuel consumption, and fuel costs. Considering that the paper analyzes the fuel consumption of vehicles differing in tractor fuel type and the amount of compressed natural gas transported in different body types, fuel costs were also analyzed. The results show that vehicle combinations with pressure vessels made of composite materials transport an average of 44% more gas and have lower fuel consumption for both fuel types. Fuel costs are 36% lower on average for vehicles powered by compressed natural gas and bodies with pressure vessels made of composite materials
Stability of subsonic and supersonic solitons in DNA
No full textIn the present work, we rely on the helicoidal Peyrard-Bishop model of DNA and use a continuum approximation to solve a crucial dynamical equation of motion. This brings about kink solitary waves moving along the chain. We demonstrate that viscosity is crucial, as no waves are stable when viscosity is neglected. Furthermore, we show that, when viscosity is taken into consideration, the subsonic kink solitons are stable, while the supersonic ones are not.Peer-reviewed accepted manuscript available at [https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/16160]