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[Pd(dach)Cl2] Complex Targets Proteins Involved in Ribosomal Biogenesis, and RNA Splicing in HeLa Cells
No full textThis study aims to investigate the effect of the Pd(II) complex on HeLa cells using computational biology and proteomic analysis. [Pd(dach)Cl2]-treated HeLa cells were subjected to comparative proteomics analysis using label-free data-independent liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In parallel, the informational spectrum method (ISM) was used to predict potential protein interactors of the [Pd(dach)Cl2] complex in HeLa cells. Proteomics analysis revealed 121 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). Enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) annotations revealed ATP hydrolysis and RNA/protein binding as the top molecular functions and RNA splicing and protein–RNA complex organization as the top biological processes. Enrichment analysis of altered canonical pathways pointed out spliceosome and ribosome pathways. The top hub proteins with potential regulatory importance encompassed ribosomal proteins, translational and transcriptional factors, and components of the ribosome assembly machinery. ISM and cross-spectral analysis identified the nucleoplasm and sensor of the single-stranded DNA (SOSS DNA) complex. Proteome analysis showed that [Pd(dach)Cl2] targets proteins involved in ribosomal biogenesis and RNA splicing, whereas theoretical prediction implies also potential effect on p53 signaling pathway, and thus, alterations of the expression of regulatory proteins involved in cell survival and proliferation. These findings underscore the potential of Pd(II) complexes as anti-cancer agents, warranting further exploration and detailed functional validation
NiMn2O4 nano-cotton particles and nanofibers: Exploring structural, magnetic and electrochemical energy storage properties
No full textHerein, nickel manganite (NiMn2O4) was successfully synthesized via glycine-nitrate sol-gel combustion process to obtain nano-cotton particles (SG-800) and electrospinning method to obtain nanofibers (ES-400), both followed by calcination. Synthesized materials were characterized in order to evaluate structural, magnetic and energy storage properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed the formation of a cubic spinel structure in both cases. The crystallite size of SG-800 (53 nm) was higher than that of ES-400 (16 nm). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed the presence of Ni2+, Mn2+, Mn3+ and Mn4+ valence states in both samples. Synthesized materials were paramagnetic at room temperature, turning to ferromagnetic ordering at the critical temperatures of 104 and 95 K, while the appearance of the spin-glass-like state was observed at 65 and 80 K for SG-800 and ES-400, respectively. SG-800 and ES-400 were tested in different electrolytes on a glassy carbon electrode as a substrate and demonstrated potential for energy storage through diffusion-controlled, Faraday redox electrochemical reactions. Carbon aerogel (CA) produced by thermal carbonization of lyophilized sodium-alginate hydrogel exhibited EDLC capacitor-like behavior, as shown by electrochemical characterization. Hybrid supercapacitors were assembled from SG-800 or ES-400 and CA and their performance was evaluated. The SG-800 as an electrode material showed superior capacitance and stability, probably due to higher crystallinity and formation of active sites for electrochemical redox reactions. © 2025 Elsevier Lt
Memory Deficits in Stress-Induced Depression Are Correlated with Decreased Brain CaMKII and BDNF Levels and Both Are Ameliorated by URB597
No full textBelgrade Neuroscience Next Hub 2025 with international participation February 27, 2025. Belgrade, Serbia
Structural and Electronic Properties of Y₂O₂S: A Theoretical Assessment and Predictions
No full textYttrium oxysulfide (Y₂O₂S) is a compound of significant interest due to its wide range of industrial applications, including its use as a luminescent material. In short, yttrium oxysulfide is best known for its use in light sources and phosphors, but it is also used in science and technology where specific luminescent properties are needed. This study investigates the energy landscape and electronic properties of Y₂O₂S using crystal structure prediction and first-principles calculations. The structural and electronic properties of Y₂O₂S are analyzed through Density Functional Theory (DFT), employing various functional such as Local Density Approximation (LDA), Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA), and the hybrid B3LYP functional. Global optimization techniques were applied to explore potential new crystal structures, identifying three unique modifications: alpha, beta, and gamma. These structures were subsequently optimized and analyzed for stability and electronic properties, including the calculation of the band gaps and density of states (DOS). The alpha-type structure was found to have a band gap of approximately 4.73 eV, consistent with previous theoretical results [1]. Meanwhile, the beta-type modification showed a larger band gap of 6.26 eV, which is in agreement with prior findings [2]. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the electronic structure of Y₂O₂S, highlighting its potential for use in luminescent and semiconductor applications, and offers new insights into its energy landscape that could guide future material design and optimization.Advances in Solid State Physics and New Materials - 30 years of the Center for Solid State Physics and New Materials at the Institute of Physics Belgrade, 19 – 23 May 2025, Belgrade, Serbia
The Electronic Structure of Ag-Bi-S-I Nanomaterials Studied by X-ray Aerosol Photoelectron Spectroscopy
No full textSilver-Bismuth iodide rudorffites emerged as promising lead-free, non-toxic, and chemically stable materials for photovoltaic applications. Recently, we developed two novel synthesis routes to obtain Ag-Bi-I nanoparticles [1, 2]. Motivated by a recent study that demonstrated that partial substitution of I- with S2- ions can lead to band gap modification due to upshifting the valence band maximum in the presence of sulfide anions, thereby enhancing photoconversion efficiency in solar cells, we also synthesized Ag-Bi-S-I and AgBiS2 nanoparticles. We performed synchrotron radiation X-ray aerosol photoelectron spectroscopy (XASP) to study the difference in the valence electronic structure of Ag-Bi-I, AgBiS2, and Ag- Bi-S-I nanoparticles. This technique allows for the analysis of isolated nanoparticles free from solvent and ligand molecules [4, 5]. Additionally, the use of tunable synchrotron radiation wavelengths enables the acquisition of high-resolution spectra from highly diluted systems.Advances in Solid State Physics and New Materials - 30 years of the Center for Solid State Physics and New Materials at the Institute of Physics Belgrade, 19 – 23 May 2025, Belgrade, Serbia
Crystalline Structure Analysis via Channeling Rainbow Scattering
No full textA new method for crystalline characterization based on the rainbow scattering effect is proposed. The most dominant effect in ion channeling is the existence of crystal rainbows [1], which can be easily used for morphological characterization. Our novel method simplifies the complex analysis of probing ions through a straightforward numerical calculation of rainbow lines, thereby greatly reducing analysis time. Depending on the crystal type [2], crystal rainbows exhibit unique shapes and sizes for each different crystal. Therefore, by conducting a simple morphological investigation of the calculated rainbow lines based on recorded angular distributions of channeled ions, we can confidently determine the crystal structure in question [3]. Additionally, impurities, defects, vacancies, and interstitials significantly influence certain parts of the rainbow pattern, which can be further used to identify these effects. This approach provides a fast, efficient, and reliable method for crystalline characterization, offering valuable insights into material properties and potential defects.Advances in Solid State Physics and New Materials - 30 years of the Center for Solid State Physics and New Materials at the Institute of Physics Belgrade, 19 – 23 May 2025, Belgrade, Serbia
Modelling of THz quantum cascade laser dynamics
No full textWe report on our recent progress in modelling THz frequency quantum cascade laser [1] (QCL) dynamics, where we have considered regimes of passive mode locking using distributed saturable absorber [2] and configuration for laser feedback interferometry [3]. Carrier transport simulations are used for the extraction of parameters for the dynamical simulations. Localized wavefunctions are calculated by solving the Schrödinger-Poisson equation system using the first neighbour and tight binding approximations, together with the infinite period QCL consideration. The transport of electrons through the quantum well heterostructure is modelled by a density matrix approach [4] where all the relevant scattering mechanisms are described as perturbations with the Fermi-golden rule, using the wavefunctions and material parameters as inputs. In order to model passive mode locking we then solve Maxwell-Bloch equations using two approaches: (i) a full wave model and (ii) a model which has reduced numerical complexity by employing rotating wave approximation (RWA) and slowly varying envelope approximation (SVEA). Graphene saturable absorber interacts with the optical field via an intensity-dependent loss. For modelling laser dynamics under optical feedback we use effective semiconductor Maxwell-Bloch equations.18th Photonics Workshop : International conference; March 16-20, 2025; Kopaonik, Serbia
Subacute fluoride toxicity in brain tissue of Wistar rats
No full textObjectives: Fluorides (F - ) are at the center of research due to their unique features and protective influence on teeth. Since there are various sources of F - in nature, there is a risk for local and/or systematic toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of F - subacute exposure at five different moderately elevated concentrations in the brain of Wistar rats via redox status and genotoxicity analyses (Comet assay). Methods: The experiment was conducted on thirty male Wistar rats for 28 days, divided into six groups (n = 5): 1) Control (tap water); 2) 10 mg/L F - ; 3) 25 mg/L F - ; 4) 50 mg/L F - ; 5) 100 mg/L F - ; 6) 150 mg/L F - . Brain tissue was dissected out and processed for the determination of F - tissue concentrations, redox status parameters (superoxide anion (O 2.- ), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD1), malondialdehyde (MDA)), and DNA damage (Comet assay). Results: A significant increase in O 2.- (p < 0.01), SOD1 (p < 0.05) and MDA (p < 0.01). Further, DNA damage was detected in all experimental groups (p < 0.01; p < 0.001; p < 0.0001). Conclusions: According to the results of the present study, F - subacute exposition with moderately increased concentrations leads to oxidative stress and DNA damage in the brain tissue of Wistar rats. Since human and animal populations are daily and frequently and often unconsciously exposed to F - , this study is valuable for further research regarding the F - health risk assessment.29th BaSS Congress of the Balkan Stomatological Society; Belgrade, April 24 - 26, 2025
Crystal structure of 4-bromo-3-nitro-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid dimethyl sulfoxide monosolvate, C4H2N3O4×C2H6OS
No full textC4H2N3O4×C2H6OS, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.8751(6) Å, b = 11.0506(10) Å, c = 14.0569(12) Å, β = 97.355(3), V = 1059.17(16) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0271, wRref(F2) = 0.0664, T = 200 K. © 2025 the author(s), published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston
Copper-enhanced TiO2 nanostructured thin films: Structural, chemical, and antibacterial properties
No full textIn this study, titanium was evaporated via e-beam glancing angle deposition in order to obtain nanostructured thin films. Additionally, copper (Cu) nanoparticles (NPs) were electrochemically deposited on top of them. Comprehensive structural analysis showed that the thin film, with a thickness of around 370 nm, consists of slanted columns with an average diameter of 7 nm, while copper nanoparticles range in size from 19 nm to 180 nm. A detailed chemical examination revealed that the deposited thin film contained TiO2, Ti2O3, and TiO phases, where TiO2 is identified as the dominant phase in the sample, while the Cu nanoparticles are composed of metallic Cu and Cu2O. This research intended to evaluate the effect of Cu NPs on the antibacterial activity of TiO2 thin films. Antibacterial tests were carried out on gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The obtained results show that copper nanoparticles improve the inhibition of gram-positive bacterial growth