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Preliminary analysis of diurnal and seasonal variation of submicron ambient particle size distribution in Belgrade urban area
No full textThis study presents a comprehensive analysis of the diurnal variations in the submicron ambient particle size distribution in the urban area of Belgrade in the winter season from January 20th to March 9th 2020. Using a mobility particle size spectrometer (MPSS) to detect atmospheric particles ranging from 10 to 400 nm in diameter, particle concentrations as a function of time and diameter. In addition, equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations were measured with an aethalometer device. In the observed period of 49 days, both particle number and mass concentrations for three particle modes were assessed. The correlation between eBC and particle number concentrations (PNC) were calculated, showing high R2 values for Aitken and accumulation modes indicating that there is a clear impact of traffic emissions and biomass burning on air quality. During the campaign, temporal analysis revealed at least two distinct events of increased particle concentrations caused by meteorological factors and new particle formation. The influence of temperature and humidity on particle number concentrations was analysed, as well as the difference in concentration of particles during working and non-working days. Average diurnal nucleation, Aitken and accumulation mode PNC pattern for working and nonworking were days observed. Study results contribute to valuable insights into the temporal dynamics of submicron particle distribution in an urban setting, underscoring the importance of understanding locally specific air quality conditions and variations.9th WeBIOPATR Workshop & Conference: Particulate Matter: Research and Management : Abstracts of Keynote Invited Lectures and Contributed Papers; 28th November- 1st December, 2023; Belgrade, Serbia
Floquet lattice solitons in zigzag modulated waveguide arrays with zero average modulation: Exponential localization and linear stability
No full textWe consider the basic tight-binding model for an array of waveguide arrays with periodic zigzag modulations in the longitudinal direction and local Kerr nonlinearity, focusing on the case with zero average modulation. From the Floquet spectrum of the linearized Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH)-like system, we identify the various gaps where nonlinear solutions may exist, exponentially localized in the bulk and/or at edges. For the fully nonlinear system, numerical continuation yields families of exponentially localized Floquet lattice solitons, calculated to computer precision. Numerical Floquet linear stability analysis shows regimes of stability and explores instability scenarios appearing from internal mode resonances
Investigation of the influence of fly ash and wood ash on the radiological properties of alkali activated materials
No full textRadi zaštite životne sredine, neophodno je ukloniti pepeo koji se skladišti u blizini termoelektrana ili na poljoprivrednom zemljištu. Ovaj otpadni materijal može se iskoristiti za dobijanje novih, alkalno aktiviranih materijala koji su bezbedni za dalju upotrebu, naročito u građevinskoj industriji. Cilj ovog rada je da se proceni nivo radioaktivnosti u alkalno aktiviranim materijalima dobijenim na bazi letećeg pepela, drvenog pepela i metakaolina. Ovi materijali nastaju alkalnom aktivacijom čvrstih aluminosilikatnih prekursora, među kojima su najčešći leteći pepeo i metakaolin. Sadržaj radionuklida u uzorcima određen je primenom gama spektrometrije. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da proces alkalne aktivacije smanjuje specifične aktivnosti radionuklida, kao i hazard indekse u analiziranim materijalima. Posebno je primećeno da vrednosti gamma indeksa (Iγ) opadaju sa povećanjem udela različitih vrsta pepela u sastavu materijala. Korišćenjem ovih sirovina (leteći i drveni pepeo) kao čvrstih prekursora alkalno aktiviranih materijala omogućava se veća upotreba otpadnih materijala, čime se smanjuje potreba za prirodnim resursima. Na taj način, alkalno aktivirani materijali predstavljaju održivo rešenje koje istovremeno doprinosi zaštiti životne sredine i racionalnijem korišćenju prirodnih sirovina.In order to protect the environment, it is necessary to remove ash that is stored near thermal power plants or on agricultural land. This waste material can be used to obtain new, alkali-activated materials that are safe for further use, especially in the construction industry. The aim of this work is to evaluate the level of radioactivity in alkali-activated materials obtained of fly ash, wood ash and metakaolin. These materials are produced by alkali activation of solid aluminosilicate precursors, among which fly ash and metakaolin are the most common. The content of radionuclides in the samples was determined using gamma spectrometry. The obtained results indicate that the alkali activation process reduces the specific activities of radionuclides, as well as the hazard indices in investigated materials. It was observed that the values of the gamma index (Iγ) decrease with the increase in the amount of different types of ash in the composition of the material. The use of these raw materials (fly ash and wood ash) as solid precursors of alkali-activated materials allow greater use of waste materials, thus reducing the need for natural resources. In this way, alkali-activated materials represent a sustainable solution that simultaneously contributes to environmental protection and more rational use of natural raw materials.XXXIII симпозијум ДЗЗСЦГ [Друштва за заштиту од зрачења Србије и Црне Горе] : 1-3. октобар 2025. године
Facile Microwave Production and Photocatalytic Activity of Bismuth Vanadate Nanoparticles over the Acid Orange 7
No full textThis work reports the rapid aqueous microwave-assisted synthesis of monoclinic scheelite BiVO4 nanoparticles and their behavior under visible light. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms phase-pure BiVO4 with an average crystallite size of ~19 nm, consistent with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations, while N2 sorption yields a BET surface area of 7.5 m2/g. UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) indicates a direct band gap of 2.55 eV. We evaluated the effects of catalyst dosage and initial Acid Orange 7 (AO7) concentration on visible-light degradation efficiency. Up to 77% removal was achieved within 120 min, with kinetics following a pseudo-first-order model (R2 ≈ 0.970–0.996). Under the tested conditions, BiVO4 also exhibited a modest antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli (~0.5 log reduction). These findings demonstrate that microwave-synthesized BiVO4 is a multifunctional material and provides a quantitative baseline for practical wastewater treatment studies under visible light
The metamorphoses of the light cones of a relativistic particle on a ring
No full textIn this paper, we investigate the dynamics of a relativistic particle confined to a ring. The focus is on the metamorphoses of the functional form of the particle propagator induced by a change in the asymptotic parameter, proportional to the ratio of the ring length to the particle Compton wavelength. Tackling the divergent nature of the propagator enabled us to describe and classify all patterns produced by particle self-interference, regardless of the shape of the initial wave packet. We shall show under which conditions a quasiperiodic structure, known as quantum carpets, arises and demonstrate that its quartic part of the phase function, which structurally stabilizes the canonical carpet, is not just a correction but explains all features of the exact solution.Peer-reviewed manuscript: [https://vinar.vin.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/15997
A Core Outcome Set for Patients with Chronic Symptomatic Peripheral Arterial Disease
No full textObjective: Current literature on patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is heterogeneous and characterised by selective outcome reporting. A core outcome set (COS) is a list of essential outcomes based on expert consensus used to standardise clinical research, reflecting the needs of all stakeholders, including patients. This is especially important in research involving artificial intelligence (AI), such as the VASCUL-AID project, a European collaboration aimed at creating predictive models for cardiovascular disease progression in patients with chronic symptomatic PAD. This study aimed to create a COS for patients with chronic symptomatic PAD for use in clinical and AI research. Methods: This COS was pre-registered in the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) database and was developed in line with the COMET Initiative recommendations. A longlist of PAD outcomes was formed based on outcomes identified from a systematic literature review and focus groups with patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Next, a Delphi study with patients and HCPs was conducted. The COS was finalised in an expert consensus meeting with key opinion leaders, patients, and patient representatives. Results: The longlist comprised 67 outcomes: 36 outcomes identified from a systematic literature review and 31 patient centred outcomes from the focus groups. In total, 153 HCPs and 92 patients participated in the Delphi study, with an overall participation rate of 85%. The Delphi study's 20 highest rated outcomes were discussed in the expert consensus meeting, attended by 21 HCPs, three patients, and two patient representatives. The final COS consists of 11 outcomes: death, myocardial infarction, major amputation, acute limb ischaemia, thromboembolic complications, disease progression, pain free walking distance, physical activity, health related quality of life, smoking cessation, and good communication by healthcare provider. Conclusion: This is the first COS for patients with chronic symptomatic PAD recommended for adoption in clinical and AI research
Securing the EU's Green Future: FREECOVER's Circular Solution to the Rare Earth Supply Challenge
No full textRare Earth Elements (REEs) are critical for the EU's green transition but face high supply risks. The FREECOVER project addresses this challenge by developing a sustainable, closed-loop recycling process for REEs from end-of-life permanent magnets (Figure 1). The innovative approach utilizes eco- friendly materials derived from natural resources: natural acids for leaching, novel bio-based ionic liquids for separation, and low-cost minerals for adsorption. This hydrometallurgical process aims to minimize environmental impact by recycling water and valorizing waste streams, such as repurposing metal-loaded adsorbents as catalysts. Through international and interdisciplinary collaboration, FREECOVER seeks to secure a sustainable REE supply chain, enhance EU competitiveness in green technologies, and advance the circular economy.SafeLi Conference 2025; October 31, 2025; Novi Sad, Serbia
Memory Effect of Double Oxides Compared to Simple Ion Exchange for Controlled Fluoride Ion Capture and Release
No full textA layered double hydroxide (LDH) containing Mg and Al was synthesized from a nitrate solution using a coprecipitation method. The resulting material exhibited a homogeneous structure, which, upon calcination at 450 °C, was converted into a layered double oxide (LDO). When rehydrated in a fluoride-containing aqueous solution, the original hydroxide structure was successfully regenerated, demonstrating the LDH’s memory effect. During this transformation, fluoride anions from the solution were incorporated into the interlayer galleries to maintain electroneutrality, as confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Separately, the process was tested in the presence of ethanol, which significantly enhanced the incorporation of fluoride ions into the interlayer spaces. The material’s potential for controlled fluoride release was evaluated by monitoring its release into demineralized water. For comparison, a simple ion-exchange process was carried out using the as-synthesized MgAl LDH. The memory effect mechanism displayed a notably higher fluoride incorporation capacity compared to the ion-exchange process. Among all the specimens, the sample reconstructed in the presence of ethanol exhibited the highest fluoride ion content. Fluoride release studies revealed a two-phase pattern: an initial rapid release within the first three hours, followed by a substantially slower release over time. © 2025 by the authors
Biomedical Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks Revisited
No full textMetal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been shown to be great alternatives to traditional porous materials in various chemical applications, and they have been very widely studied for biomedical applications in the past decade specifically for drug storage. After our review published in 2011 [Keskin and Kızılel, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50 (4), 1799-1812, 10.1021/ie101312k], we have witnessed a very fast growth not only in the number and variety of MOFs but also in their usage across a broad spectrum of biomedical fields. With the recent integration of molecular modeling and data science approaches to the experimental studies, biomedical applications of MOFs have been significantly accelerated positioning them as pivotal components in the regenerative medicine, medical imaging, and diagnostics. In this review, we visited the diverse biomedical applications of MOFs considering the recent experimental and computational efforts on drug storage and delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing. We focused on the underlying mechanisms governing the molecular interactions between MOFs and biological systems and discussed both the opportunities and challenges in the field to highlight the potential of MOFs in advanced therapeutics for cancer and neurological diseases. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society
Chronic treatment of mixture of two iridoids proportional to prescriptional dose of Yueju improves hippocampal PACAP-related neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity signaling in the LPS-induced depression model
No full textEthnopharmacological relevance: Geniposide (GP) and shanzhiside methyl ester (SM) are the two important bioactive compounds in the classical traditional Chinese herbal medicine Yueju Pill, which is currently used as an over-the-counter (OTC) medicine in China. Yueju has been demonstrated with antidepressant-like effects with the prescriptional dose. As GP and SM both have antidepressant potential, the synergism of them could be crucial to the function of Yueju. Objectives: The neuropeptide pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) has been implicated in the onset of antidepressant-like response. Here we investigated the synergism of the chronic treatment with GP and SM, at proportional doses to Yueju, on antidepressant-like effects, and underlying mechanism of PACAP-related signaling in a neuroinflammation-based depression model. Materials and methods: Depression-related behaviors were tested in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression model. The molecular signaling of neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity was investigated using Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence and pharmacological inhibition of mTOR signaling. Results: Chronic treatment of GP and SM (GS) at the dose which is proportional to the prescriptional dose of Yueju synergistically elicited antidepressant-like effects. Chronic treatment of the GS or the conventional antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) showed antidepressant-like effects in LPS-injected mice. In vitro analysis indicated the synergism of GS on PACAP expression. In the hippocampus of LPS-injected mice, both GS and FLX enhanced PACAP expression, downregulated the inflammatory signaling of Iba-1/NF-кB/IL-1β and NLRP3, and upregulated the neuroplasticity signaling of mTOR-BDNF/PSD95. Additionally, both treatments reduced microglia activation indicated by Iba-1 immunofluorescent staining. Rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, blunted the antidepressant-like effects and the upregulation of BDNF expression induced by chronic GS. Conclusion: The antidepressant-like effects elicited by chronic fluoxetine or by synergistic doses of GS were involved in the upregulation of hippocampal PACAP levels, in association with ameliorated neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity signaling in LPS-injected mice. GS synergism may play a key part in the antidepressant-like effects of the prescriptional dose of Yueju. © 2024 Elsevier B.V