Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
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Singidunum: Colonie romaine au limes du Danube en Mésie supérieure
No full textLe Singidunum romain (Belgrade, Serbie) se trouvait sur
le territoire de la Mésie et de la province de Mésie supérieure (Moesia
Superior). La position de Singidunum était intimement liée à l’espace
qu’elle dominait, le confluent de la Save et du Danube, près de la frontière
avec la province de Pannonie inférieure. Avant l’arrivée des Romains, la
région était habitée par des tribus celtes, les Scordisques, installées, selon
la tradition, après leur défaite en Grèce de 279 a.C. Singidunum, en tant
que camp militaire romain, est mentionné pour la première fois chez
Ptolémée, à la fin de la deuxième décennie du IIe s. p.C., comme le siège
de la légion IV Flavia. Après la campagne de Dacie, elle a déménagé de
manière permanente dans le camp militaire de Singidunum, probablement
à l’époque d’Hadrien si l’on se fie aux données épigraphiques, où
elle est restée jusqu’à la fin de l’Antiquité, ou plus précisément jusqu’en
l’an 441, date de l’invasion des Huns. Singidunum a probablement obtenu
le rang de municipe du temps d’Hadrien, après 169 p.C., puis le statut de
colonie un siècle plus tard, en 239 p.C., en même temps que Viminacium,
à l’époque de Gordien III. En fasse de Face à Singidunum, à sur la rive
gauche de la rivière Save, était Confluentes (Novi Beograd), la première
agglomération en Pannonie
Electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole on mild steel from p-toluensulfonic acid electrolyte
No full textConditions for electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole on mild steel were investigated in an aqueous electrolyte containing different concentrations of p-toluenesulfonic acid in the range of 0.05 - 0.3 mol dm-3 without and with the addition of 0.2 mol dm-3 pyrrole, aiming to estimate the composition of the electrolyte and polymerization current density, necessary for achieving the formation of uniforme and adherent polypyrrole. The optimal concentration of p-toluensulfonic acid of 0.1 mol dm-3,was chosen based on recorded anodic polarization curves. To estimate the current density for the electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole, chronopotentiometric curves of mild steel at different constat current densities, were recorded in 0.1 mol dm-3 p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.2 mol dm -3 pyrrole. It was shown that deposition of polypyrrole was achieved with an induction period which was lower comparing to the resuts obtained in oxalic acid, as the most popular electrolyte for electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole on steel. The protection efficiency based on polarization curves of mild steel and mild steel with electrochemically formed p-toluensulfonic acid doped polypyrrole in 3% NaCl was around oko 90 % which is higher than the value obtained for p-toluensulfonic acid doped polyaniline
Dragutin Gostuški: Concerto accelerato as an Experiment on Time in Music
No full textГлавну тему овог текста чини Concerto accelerato (1961), концерт за виолину и оркестар Драгутина Гостушког, размотрен из аналитичког угла, а онда и повезан са теоријским поставкама везаним за простор и време изложеним у капиталној студији овог композитора, историчара уметности, естетичара и музиколога, Време уметности (1968). Руководећи се могућностима за повезивањем композиторског и музиколошког рада Гостушког, при чему би се композиторски рад посматрао као практична „лабораторија“ у којој би овај стваралац испитивао хипотезе које је укључи(ва)о у свој теоријски дискурс, одабрали смо управо Concerto accelerato. То смо учинили пре свега због формалних, тембралних и фактурних карактеристика овог концерта, а у њима смо покушали да уочимо сличности са теоријским концептима Гостушког, везаним за простор и време, али и за питања о убрзању историјских процеса и периодичног повратка класици.At the time when Dragutin Gostuški (1923–1998) composed his violin concerto titled Concerto accelerato, the history of the concerto genre in Serbian music had been relatively short, spanning just over five to six decades. Thus, this genre had not been often experimented with. Our starting hypothesis was that this concerto was a practical demonstration, or an experiment in the domain of time in music, superposition, and non-reversibility of the form in space and time, a thesis about acceleration of the historical processes, and a thesis on periodical returns to classical ideals in art.
To prove this, we elaborated on the formal analysis of the concerto – three movements which follow the scheme slow–moderate–fast, regarding the tempo, and a specific ternary form based on one subject which is developed differently three times throughout the composition. The analogies we drew between the concerto and Gostuški’s theses are: 1) one subject is never developed in a same manner twice, which corresponds to the idea of superposition and non-reversibility of space and time, where, in Gostuški’s theoretical thought, space and time are never separated; 2) this concerto accelerates throughout the movements, corresponding to the acceleration of the historical processes; and 3) Gostuški’s periodical returns to one subject in each movement are similar to periodical returns to classical ideals in the history of art. Another point that we made relates to the duration of the three movements of the concerto, which is almost the same, but always filled with different “quantity” of music based on the tempo, which corresponds to Gostuški’s long-lasting interest in interrelations of time and music.
Finally, we briefly discussed Gostuški’s concept of Kinemusic, speculating about Concerto accelerato possibly being a part of this never realised project, along with the possibility of it including his other pieces
Evaluation of cytotoxic, genotoxic and ROS-mediated oxidative stress caused by nanocomposite material based on resveratrol and selenium nanoparticles
No full textNanobiotechnology has recently given rise to numerous possibilities in the bioengineering. The nanoparticle formulations, especially those based on the natural compounds, have been shown to have greatly enhanced biological effects. On the other hand, the widespread use of nanoparticle-based materials is often not properly monitored, especially regarding possible genotoxic effects. Here, we present the effects of nanocomposite (ResSeNPs) material as well as its’ constituents, resveratrol nanobelt-like particles (ResNPs) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), on human MRC-5 and A549 cells. Resveratrol is a highly promising biologically active compound, and selenium is an essential micronutrient. The results of several cell-based assays showed combined effects (synergism, antagonism or additive) of nanocomposite components. In the MTT test, SeNPs were significantly less cytotoxic than ResNPs, furthermore, significantly lower cytotoxicity of the ResSeNPs was observed in the same assay. This effect was observed in both cell lines, especially in MRC-5. On the other hand, ResNPs neutralized the genotoxic effects of SeNPs, as shown by the comet assay in both cell lines. The superoxide anion production, as determined by the NBT test, was enhanced by the SeNPs, but this enhancement was attenuated by ResNPs in MRC-5 cell line, although the effect was highly different in A549. Antagonism was observed also in the catalase assay, in both MRC-5 and A549. All of this confirmed the necessity of thorough testing of nanomaterials-based composites but also the benefits of using more than one active substance
High-Pressure and High-Temperature Dissolution of Titanium from Titanium and Aluminum Residues: A Comparative Study
No full textThis study presents a comparative analysis of titanium leaching from tionite (a byproduct of the titanium dioxide production process) and carbothermally reduced red mud (derived from aluminum residues). Tionites from the sulfate process and red mud residue are known for their environmental impacts due to their metal content and acidic/basic nature. This study explored leaching as a method to recover titanium and other metals under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions using sulfuric acid. Experiments were conducted in an autoclave with different parameter changes, like varying oxygen pressure, temperature, and reaction time to optimize metal extraction. The leaching efficiency of titanium was found to be higher in the carbothermal-reduced slag compared to tionite due to the altered mineral phases in the reduced material. XRD and SEM-EDS analyses confirmed the differing leaching behaviors, with titanium compounds in tionite showing greater resistance to dissolution. These findings highlight the importance of thermal pre-treatment for optimizing metal recovery from industrial residues. The main aim of this study is to contribute to the development of sustainable waste management solutions for tionites and red mud, emphasizing the potential of hydrometallurgical methods for metal recovery. The results are expected to inform future research and industrial applications, advancing the recovery of valuable metals while reducing the environmental footprint of titanium and aluminum residue disposal
Vojislav Vučković as a Music Critic
No full textВојислав Вучковић (1910–1942) био је најистакнутији српски музичар марксистичке оријентације у међуратном периоду. Композитор, диригент, музиколог, музички естетичар, социолог музике, друштвенополитички радник, бавио се и музичком критиком. Објавио је шездесет музичких критика и критичких приказа у различитим дневним листовима и часописима. У студији се анализирају његови (идиосинкратични) погледи на поједине композиторе и музичка дела, његов однос према авангардној музици, завршно опредељење за социјалистички реализам, као и одлике његовог критичарског поступка.Vojislav Vučković (1910–1942) was the most prominent Serbian musician of Marxist orientation in the interwar period. A composer, conductor, musicologist, music aesthetician, sociologist of music, sociopolitical worker, he was also engaged in music criticism. He published sixty music and critical reviews in various daily newspapers and magazines. The study analyzes his (idiosyncratic) views on individual composers and musical works, his attitude towards avant-garde music, his final commitment to socialist realism, as well as the characteristics of his critical approach
Aspects of Metamodernism in Aleksandra Vrebalov’s Opera The Knock
No full textThe Knock, the latest of the three operas composed so far by Aleksandra Vrebalov (b. 1970) was not premiered on stage due to the Covid 19 pandemics, but was presented as opera-film on the website of the Glimmerglass festival in USA in November 2021. Vrebalov is a Serbian born composer who has been living in America since the mid-1990s but has often returned to her home town Novi Sad and traveled and worked on different places across the world. Her rich and very varied output shows that she has a marked affinity for subjects dealing with the suffering of innocent people (war victims, emigrants), as seen in works such as ...hold me neighbor in this storm...for string quartet, gusle and tapan (bass drum) and Beyond zero:1914–1918 for string quartet with film. The subject of the opera The Knock is the life of the wives of American soldiers who fought in Fallujah (Irak) in 2004. They are gathered in a military base and anxiously await news about the fate of their husbands. Due to the conditions imposed by the pandemic, the opera is shorter and with a more restricted number of singers and instrumentalists than had been planned, but the film that was made for the premiere managed to produce a very successful and exciting performance. The focus of the work is on the wives’ anticipations of bad news about their husbands’ deaths which is confirmed in one case in the finale. The Knock is an anti-war engaged opera which questions the dominant heroic war narrative. The musical and dramatic features of the opera display an oscillation between modernism and postmodernism, for which reason it is proposed that it be observed as a metamodernist work
Ћетаће (Laccoburgus?): римска фортификација на лимесу
No full textЛокалитет „Ћетаће“ надомак села Радујевац, с обзиром на упечатљив
положај надомак ушћа Тимока у Дунав, на римском лимесу, али и назнаке врло ране изградње, свакако пружа једно од кључних решења у смислу подробније научне детерминације читавог подручја римских Акви
(Aquae) – Прахово у војном, комуникационом, економском, рударском и
царинском смислу. Након три археолошке кампање 2021., 2022. и 2023.
године, као и на основу опсежних рекогноцирања ширег подручја, установљено је да је реч о хронолошки разуђеном налазишту из протоисто ријског, римског и рановизантијског периода чији је војни и стратешки значај иманентан и односи се и на позније периоде све до савременог доба. Потврђена је угаона кула ране римске фортификације са зиданим
бедемима. Такође, истраживањем изворне грађе назире се могући назив
римског утврђења
“Glory and Praise to you, Lord Jesus Christ”: Linguo-Cultural Analysis of Prayers among Baptist Serbs in Romania
No full textIn this paper, our case study is the Serbian Baptist community in the Danube Gorge in Romania, from the settlements Radimna, Pojejena, Moldova Veche, Divici and Liubcova. The objective of the ethnographic field research was to collect data on non-Orthodox Serbs living outside the borders of their home country and having experienced conversion to one of the Evangelical communities during the second half of the twentieth century. One of the most significant elements of the narrative of the Serbian Baptists is the place of prayer in their daily life. This paper is analysing prayer in the wider context and more specifically using linguo-cultural analyses it provides several examples of Baptist prayer narrative, its main characteristics and patterns. The analyses focus on the question how the religious identity of Baptists can be defined or strengthened through prayer. From the aspect of linguistics and communicology, prayer is a speech act having a specific internal and external structure: it contains the beginning, duration and finalization, including the abundance of accompanying nonverbal acts. Based on the collected ethnographic data, we analyse several fragments of prayers among the Baptist Serbs which illustrate the modalities of communication through prayer. Keywords: Baptists, Serbian minority in Romania, prayers, Evangelicals, language and religion
