Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
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Challenges of the Bronze Age Chronology in Western Serbia. The case study of cremation graves from Dubac in Jančići
No full textThe paper discusses the Late Bronze Age (LBA) cremation burials
from the tumulus necropolis at Dubac in Jančići, near Čačak in western Serbia, in
social and chronological perspective. Cremation burials are rarer than inhumations
in this region and so we focus on five well-stratified examples from Dubac.
These were buried with Belegiš style vessels, indicating cultural connections with
areas to the north where that pottery style and cremation burial in flat cemeteries
were both commonplace. Given these connections, our objective in this paper is
to better resolve the onset and ending of cremation as a mortuary rite in LBA
western Serbia and to evaluate how it reflects continuity and change in this region.
Specifically, we explore the similarities and differences in the processing and
deposition of cremation burials in the context of tumulus monuments. Important
connections between this mortuary rite and depositional contexts are discussed,
including the creation of cremation pyres upon the surface of tumuli in the same
location as subsequent interments. Combining stratigraphic analysis, material
culture studies and 14C dates from inhumation burials, we define chronological
parameters for the use of cremation in this cemetery. We demonstrate that cremation
came into use by the later 15th or 14th century BC and lasted until at least the
12th century BC. This reveals that it took place early within the reuse of the cemetery at Dubac, though possibly not at the very beginning of its LBA phase, and
continued until the last burials were interred within this tumulus cemetery
An Early Iron Age burial from Dobor (northern Bosnia)
No full textThe paper presents a chance find, designated as a grave assemblage
from the site of Dobor near Modriča in northern Bosnia. The assemblage consists
of three bronze bracelets, a bronze pendant, eleven bronze calotte-shaped buttons,
and a fragmented ceramic vessel. The bronze pendant of the Ghidici type
provides a basis for dating the deposited objects to the first half or middle of the
eighth century BC at the latest, i.e. to the Ha C1 of the Central-European chronology.
The micro-location of the Early Iron Age burial is directly linked with the
settlement site of Doborski Brijeg and the excavated Late Bronze and Early Iron
Age layers. The fragments of pottery decorated in the Basarabi style suggest the
regional importance of the settlement as a possible intermediary in the exchange
of cultural goods and influences coming from neighbouring regions, primarily
Slavonia and Syrmia (Srem/Srijem), along the Bosna river valley
Beyond Waste Valorization: Glycerol-Based Metalworking Fluids as Hephaestus for the Circular Economy and Sustainability Transitions
No full textRapid expansion of biodiesel production has generated large streams of low-value crude glycerol, whose role in industrial systems is partially explored. Since this stream is a by-product of policy-driven renewable energy and simultaneously a burden of waste management, its use as a metalworking fluids (MWFs) base stock provides a direct test of whether the transition of energy could be translated into cleaner manufacturing rather than impact shifting. This paper examined whether deploying glycerol-based MWFs in machining could reconfigure waste flows and occupational exposures, to be in line with circular economy and industrial-ecology principles, and under what conditions this could support sustainability transitions. Using a critical narrative review of technical, environmental, and policy literature, we synthesized evidence on the performance of glycerol as a base fluid and the system-level constraints that governed its adoption. The synthesis suggested that, in suitable machining regimes and under enforceable governance conditions, prospective gains included the reclassification of metallic residues from hazardous to non-hazardous streams and improved occupational safety by reducing reliance on biocides and volatile organic compounds. These prospective gains were conditional: adoption was constrained by thermal instability, possible acrolein formation at elevated temperatures, and inconsistent feedstock quality. The paper therefore offered a transdisciplinary synthesis connecting technical performance, waste-classification regimes, and governance instruments. The derived policy needs covered the minimum impurity specifications for industrial glycerol, clearer waste-coding guidance for swarf and spent fluids, and incentives for monitoring and process adaptation to secure net sustainability benefits. In this connection, Hephaestus serves as a metaphor for glycerol-based MWFs: a marginal by-product that could rework glycerol and metallic residues into useful resources, when technical optimization and institutional coordination (including standards and partnerships aligned with SDG 17) are in place
Pleasure in (Con)Text: The Reception of Antiquity and Classical Motifs in Scholarship, Theory and the Arts
No full textU ovom radu autori kontekstualizuju studija recepcije antike u okvirima savremenih humanističkih
nauka i daju pregled njegovih glavnih tokova i teorijskih
orijentacija. Uz nekoliko primera koji ukazuju na relativnost i istorijsku
uslovljenost recepcije antičke prošlosti, ističe se da savremene
studije recepcije istražuju kako su antički tekstovi, motivi i kulturni
artefakti bili interpretirani, adaptirani i primenjivani kroz vreme,
sa osnovnom premisom da recepcija antike nije direktan „skok“
u prošlost, već dinamičan proces u kojem se značenja stalno transformišu
u skladu s društvenim, istorijskim i individualnim kontekstom.
Studije recepcije antike su interdisciplinarne – uključuju
antropologe, istoričare umetnosti, književne teoretičare, filologe,
arhitekte, teatrologe i druge – i oslanjaju se na različite teorijske pristupe,
poput estetike recepcije, francuske poststrukturalističke teorije,
antropologije antičkih svetova, studija sećanja i drugih. Pojam
recepcije ne obuhvata samo primanje i adaptaciju tekstova već i kritičko
razmatranje konteksta u kojem se recepcija odvija, a koji omogućava
stalno stvaranje novih značenja.The aims of this paper is to contextualize the concept of classical reception studies within contemporary humanities and to provide an overview of its
main currents and theoretical orientations. Using several examples
that highlight the relativity and historically conditioned nature of the
reception of the ancient past, it emphasizes that modern reception
studies explore how ancient texts, motifs and cultural artifacts have
been interpreted, adapted and applied over time. The fundamental
premise is that the reception of antiquity is not a direct „leap“ into
the past, but a dynamic process in which meanings are continuously
transformed according to social, historical, and individual contexts.
Classical reception studies are interdisciplinary, encompassing philologists,
art historians, literary theorists, anthropologists, architects,
theater scholars and others, and draw on various theoretical
approaches, such as reception aesthetics, French poststructuralist
theory, the anthropology of the ancient world, memory studies, and
more. The concept of reception includes not only the appropriation
and adaptation of texts but also the critical examination of the
context in which reception occurs, enabling the continual creation
of new meanings.Biblioteka Panelinion / Karpo
The Early Bronze Age Horizon at the Site of Gradina on the River Bosut
No full textThis paper presents and interprets both published and unpublished
movable and immovable finds attributed, based on the vertical stratigraphy of the
Gradina site on the river Bosut, to Layer IIIa and thus to Early Bronze Age communities
known in scholarly literature as the Vinkovci–Somogyvár archaeological
group. Based on the analysis of the context of the finds, the paper proposes a
more nuanced interpretation of the spatial distribution of Vinkovci-type features,
as well as a more precise dating of the horizon itself (the end of phase Br A1/A2,
c. 2400/2350–2200 BCE)
The Morava-Vardar Valley During the Great Aegean Migration
No full textThe Morava – Vardar valley, the central Balkan communication in the
north–south direction, has always had a significant and sometimes a key role in
the cultural and historical processes in the broader area of South-eastern Europe.
This fact especially applies to the transitional periods, which are usually filled
with migratory movements and ethno-cultural exchanges. Such were the centuries
during the transition from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age, which marked a
decline in cultural and civilisational values, filled with migrations, military campaigns,
and destruction. From the 13th to the 11th century BC, that period is usually
related to the so-called Great Aegean Migrations. In them, the leading Balkan
communications should have played a key role
Artificial intelligence and breast cancer screening in Serbia: a dual-perspective qualitative study among radiologists and screening-aged women
No full textBackground: Breast cancer screening (BCS) by mammography was introduced
globally in the last decades of the previous century and has been implemented
in opportunistic or population-based models worldwide ever since. In Serbia,
the national BCS Program was established in late 2012. Despite its existing
framework, the Program’s coverage remains suboptimal, and novel
approaches to its optimization are being explored. The increasing use of
artificial intelligence (AI) technology in numerous fields has been a hallmark
of the previous decade, with AI-based solutions in breast imaging at the
forefront of many research initiatives. Qualitative research has been previously
conducted from Australia to Sweden, yielding insights into the AI-radiologist
interaction, as well as the acceptability of screening-aged women toward AI
use in screening. This study aims to gauge the stakeholders’ perspectives—
radiologists’ and women’s—on AI use in BCS in Serbia and help inform policy
adaptations to maximize the prospective effectiveness of this public
health intervention.
Methods: Four focus groups (FGs) were organized in total, two with radiologists
and two with screening-aged women, in Belgrade and Novi Sad. Residents in
training and radiology specialists were divided for maximal discussion liberty.
Two research members analyzed the discussion transcripts using a mixed
inductive-deductive approach with a flexible coding frame.
Results: Radiologists in this study see room for and have an overall cautiously
positive attitude toward the application of AI in mammography BCS in the
future. If AI were to perceptibly improve the current state of healthcare, such
use of AI could be met with support among BCS-aged women.
Conclusions: This study represents the first step towards understanding the
attitudes of radiologists and screening-aged women in Serbia towards the use
of AI in mammography. Additional studies will be necessary to get a more
comprehensive overview
Migration of Serbs from Kosovo and Metohija during the Yugoslav Communist Regime, 1958–1981: Scale and Causes
No full textThe politically driven migration of Serbs from Kosovo began in the late 1950s, when the Yugoslav communist leadership introduced selective political and economic support for the Albanian national minority and the Autonomous Kosovo-Metohija Region. A policy that local enterprises should reflect the ethnic composition of the population soon produced pressures on the Serb community, reported by security and police services as early as the early 1960s. Despite warnings that this was becoming a serious political problem, Serbian communists lacked the determination to oppose the nationality policy promoted by the federal leadership.
The Brioni Plenum marked a turning point, enabling Kosovo’s leadership to undertake purges and structural changes under the banner of “implementing Brioni’s decisions.” By the late 1960s, Serb migration had become a visible problem, but the Yugoslav authorities—above all Tito—remained silent. Letters to Tito from concerned officials were motivated by the belief that even a single statement from him could compel the authorities to act; yet his deliberate refusal to address the issue proved decisive the unhindered continuation of the migration process.
Between 1961 and 1981, the outflow of Serbs from Kosovo reached nearly half of those who remained. The case illustrates that granting territorial autonomy to one national group can create a new, vulnerable minority within it. In Kosovo, Serbs became such a minority, unprotected by state measures, which fueled their large-scale migratio
Contested Marketplaces: Urban Regeneration and Market Transformation in Post-Socialist Belgrade
No full textOpen-air food markets have long functioned as key sites of food provision, social interaction, and local economic exchange in European cities. In recent decades, many of these markets have undergone significant transformation as part of modernization-oriented urban regeneration. This study examines the transformation of Palilula Market in Belgrade, Serbia’s capital, from a traditional open-air market to a large, enclosed market complex, situating the analysis within the post-socialist urban context. Utilizing historical analysis, semi-structured interviews with vendors, and on-site observations, the research examines the impact of spatial reconfiguration on vendor livelihoods, economic practices, and social relations. The results demonstrate that, although the new indoor market has enhanced infrastructure, hygiene, and year-round usability, it has also led to higher rents, reduced stall capacity, increased competition, and stricter regulations. These developments have constrained small-scale vendors and diminished informal social interactions. This study expands the understanding of urban regeneration processes in post-socialist neoliberal contexts by showing how market modernization shapes the inclusivity and socio-cultural significance of traditional urban markets