Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
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The gamma vanadium oxide as a potential cathode material for rechargeable aqueous multivalent ion batteries
No full textThe focus of this study is to investigate capabilities of gamma lithium vanadium oxide (γ-LiV2O5) to accommodate ions beyond Li+. The γ-LiV2O5 has been tested electrochemically as a potential candidate for novel aqueous rechargeable batteries based on multivalent ions, namely Mg2+, Ca2+ and Al3+. The γ-LiV2O5 is prepared by a simple solid-state reaction and characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM, FTIR, Raman, and Impedance methods, before and after CV cycling. Li+ ions can take octahedral cationic sites in the oxide lattice, which leads to γ ↔ γ′ reversible phase transition, but their subsequent occupation of tetrahedral sites incites irreversible γ ↔ ζ transition and capacity fade during extended cycling in LiNO3. In contrast, such irreversible behavior is not observed in Ca(NO3)2 and Mg(NO3)2, where initial repeated cycling, including negative potentials, causes the CV growth. Although Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions weekly intercalate into the structure, as indicated by BVS analysis, the proton coinsertion, during early cycling stage activates the surface, causing large platelets to crumble and boosting pseudocapacitive-type redox behavior. This results in a high specific capacity in bivalent electrolytes, especially in Ca(NO3)2, which amounts to 128 mAh g−1 at 1 A g-1. Although the agglomeration of reduced particles leads to a decline in capacity over extended cycling, the capacity remains high after 150 cycles, reaching 74 mAh g−1. In LiNO3, the identification of γ’ phase after long cycling within the stable potential window, together with agglomerated microplatelets (which are not crushed during initial Li+, thus limiting capacity to ≈ 27 mA hg−1) is linked to the capacity fade. Furthermore, when cycled in Al3+ electrolyte, the material degrades quickly due to the dissolution process at the beginning of cycling. Therefore, the Ca2+ electrolyte is identified as the most promising for the development of rechargeable aqueous batteries with gamma phase V2O5 cathode.Vasić, Milica M., Milović, Miloš, Novaković, Mirjana, Bajuk Bogdanović, Danica, Stephan, Arul Manuel, Jugović, Dragana, Vujković, Milica, "The gamma vanadium oxide as a potential cathode material for rechargeable aqueous multivalent ion batteries" in Ceramics International, 51, no. 18, Part B (2025), [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.03.310
From inert to bioactive: Titanium surfaces engineered to suppress oral cancer cell proliferation and migration
No full textThe chemical modification of the titanium implant surface altered the nature of its interactions with the biological environment. A surface was designed that transformed from anticancer-inert to highly anticancer-active against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Titanium implants were coated using a combined anodizing/anaphoretic electrodeposition process. The biological effects of coated (Ti/Coating) versus uncoated (Ti) titanium were tested on the SCC-25 cells. Apoptosis, cellular uptake, cell cycle, and intracellular ROS generation were evaluated by flow cytometry. Gene and protein expression levels related to apoptosis (BAX, BCL2, CASP3, CASP8, CASP9), proliferation (Cyclin D1), EMT (VIM, SNAIL, SLUG, CDH1, HDAC 2), and signaling pathways (AKT/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin) were assessed via qPCR and Western blot. Migration was analyzed through a wound healing assay. The Ti/Coating system significantly reduced cell viability and induced early apoptosis without increasing necrosis. Apoptosis was associated with BAX upregulation and BCL2 downregulation. Cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase was noted. ROS generation was markedly elevated, contributing to cytotoxic effects. Ti/Coating inhibited the expression of EMT-related markers (VIM, SLUG, SNAIL) and upregulated CDH1, correlating with reduced cell migration. Additionally, Ti/Coating downregulated AKT, mTOR, and β-catenin expression, indicating suppression of key oncogenic signaling pathways. The uncoated titanium surface showed no significant effects. The Ti/Coating system had a substantial anticancer effect on oral cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, elevating oxidative stress, and modulating EMT, cell cycle, and oncogenic signaling. These findings highlight its potential as a biologically active implant material for localized postoperative therapy in OSCC, combining structural support with preventive anticancer activity.This is the peer reviewed version of the paper: Herendija, Evelina, Karišik, Milica Jakšić, Pantović Pavlović, Marijana R., Pavlović, Miroslav M., Mitrović-Ajtić, Olivera, Ignjatović, Nenad, Lazarević, Miloš, "From inert to bioactive: Titanium surfaces engineered to suppress oral cancer cell proliferation and migration" in Chemico-Biological Interactions, 420 (2025):111667, [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2025.111667
Beyond the Living: Human Coexistence with Spirits and the Undead in Serbian Rural Belief
No full textIn this presentation, I will discuss observations from my fieldwork conducted in villages across different regions of Serbia, focusing on local attitudes toward the dead. This includes not only practices surrounding dying, death, preparation, and burial, but also the ongoing relationship with the deceased after death. Through various examples, I aim to show how specific local contexts shape the way villagers perceive and respond to the presence of the dead in the world of the living. These responses range from positive and familiar to defensive or even aggressive interactions, reflecting a spectrum of attitudes toward the deceased. I explore these dynamics within the framework of the Serbian village, which— throughout history and especially according to my interlocutors—has undergone various phases of sociocultural transformation, often influenced by broader regional or even global socio-political developments. In this light, I compare the narratives of older and younger villagers, many of whom not only believe in the possibility of the deceased remaining present, or even interacting or communicating with the living, but for whom this coexistence represents a tangible aspect of reality
A Glimpse of Daily Life in the Archbishopric of Ohrid
No full textThe image of the yoke (ζυγόν) symbolizes the most significant of social contracts, which include those between the supreme authority and its subjects, and those between a husband and his wife. In a marriage, the two parties may be likened to yoked animals. In the Roman (Byzantine) Empire, the subjects correspond to yoked animals, and the Roman power by implication to a kind of ploughman. In both instances, these bonds are perceived as a prerequisite for pulling one’s weight and fulfilling one’s duty. An insurrection is thus expressed through the image of a yoked animal that arches its neck in defiance (τραχηλιάω) and wishes to break the bond. The image conveys a negative sentiment towards actions considered wild and inimical to order. It stands for arrogance, debauchery and savagery. It represents a renunciation of the contract that binds humanity together in peace, a threat to the established order. Moreover, according to the Christian outlook, the human condition presupposes the yoke–the yoke of marriage (ζυγὸν τοῦ γάμου), the yoke of service to God (μοναχικὸν ζυγόν), or the yoke of sin (ζυγὸν τῆς ἁμαρτίας). Personal choice is limited to these three options, each involving a particular type of burdens. In comparison, the yoke of imperial power is seen as a secondary burden because it pertains only to earthly life. The primary yoke is that which arises from an individual’s choice, and decides their eternal dwelling in the afterlife.We dedicate this book to our esteemed professor Ljubomir Maksimović with heartfelt thanks for his unwavering support to successive generations of researchers at the Institute for Byzantine Studies of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Structural Analysis of Child Friendship Ritual (Drugaričenje/Kumačenje) among Serbs in Romania
No full textBased on ethnographic material collected during 2025 as part of the
long-term project Research on the Culture and History of Serbs in Romania,
this presentation explores the Child friendship ritual (drugaričenje/kumačenje)
among children and young people in the area of the Danube Gorge, including
villages Srpska Požežena, Radimna, Mačević and Stara Moldova, on the
Monday following Easter, which is also known as „Drugarični, Kumačni,
Kumačin ponedeljak“. Special attention is given to the Structural Analysis
of the Custom as rites of passage based on Arnold van Genep concept, by
decoding its constitutive elements and its understanding in the framework of a
wider socio-cultural context. By analyzing the instrumental dimension of ritual
practice, the aim is to highlight the role and significance of „drugaričenje/
kumačenje“ as an cohesive factor among Serbian and Romanian community
on the resarch area, which leads to the transformation of interpersonal relations
and builds stronger social bonds among community
The Lexeme AMBIS in the Serbian, Macedonian, and Bulgarian Languages
No full textУ раду се најпре представља етимологија лексеме амбис (< гр. ἄβυσσος, ου f.) и начин на који је она из грчког ушла у јужнословенске језике – српски, македонски и бугарски, уз утврђивање свих видова адаптације (фонетске, морфолошке, семантичке). Интегрисаност ове лексеме утврђена је на основу њеног деривационог потенцијала, способности лексичког удруживања и успостављања парадигматских лексичко-семантичких односа. Циљ рада је да се на основу спроведених анализа процени статус ове речи у лексичким системима јужнословенских језика који су обухваћени овим истраживањем.This paper first presents the etymology of the lexeme ambis (< Gk. ἄβυσσος, ου f.), the way it entered the South Slavic languages – Serbian, Macedonian and Bulgarian – and identifies all types of its adaptation (phonetic, morphological and semantic). The integration of this lexeme is analyzed based on its derivational potential in the languages under study, its capacity for lexical association, and the establishment of paradigmatic lexical-semantic relations. Based on these analyses, its status within the respective lexical systems is evaluated
LEXICOGRAPHY IN THE DIGITAL ERA: INTERNET AND SOCIAL MEDIA AS SOURCES OF NEW WORDS
No full textУ раду се разматрају питања везана за концепт интернета и
друштвених медија као лексикографског корпуса, узимајући у обзир хипотезу да интернет представља богат репозиторијум података који се успешно може користити у лексикографске сврхе.
Описује се пракса новопокренутог пројекта израде онлајн речника неологизама српског језика (Нео21) који користи интернет као
корпус за прикупљање, селекцију и документовање нових речи,
као и у изради речничког чланка. Циљ овог речника је да корисницима омогући брз и једноставан приступ речничким подацима, пружајући најактуелније и поуздане информације и прецизна
објашњења значења. У закључку се истиче да су интернет и друштвени медији важан и актуелан извор за праћење и документовање језичких промена, као и репрезентативан корпус за израду нових типова речника који би пратили развој језика у реалном времену.This paper examines the concept of the internet and social
media as lexicographic corpora, considering the hypothesis that the
internet serves as a rich repository of data that can be effectively
utilized for lexicographic purposes. It describes the practices of a
newly launched project for developing an online dictionary of Ser-
bian neologisms (Neo21), which uses the internet as a corpus for
collecting, selecting, and documenting new words, as well as for
creating dictionary entries. The goal of this dictionary is to provide
users with quick and easy access to lexicographic data, offering the most up-to-date and reliable information along with precise expla-
nations of meanings. The conclusion highlights that the internet
and social media are crucial and contemporary sources for tracking
and documenting linguistic changes, as well as a representative
corpus for creating new types of dictionaries that monitor language
development in real-time